基于SOA的ERP教学模拟环境下财务管理系统研究
摘要
随着企业信息化的飞速发展,ERP系统在企业中的应用越来越广泛,随之而来出现了ERP应用人才的缺乏。为满足企业的人才需求,ERP在高校的教学孕育而生。在高校教学过程中,ERP教学模拟起着举足轻重的作用。财务管理系统作为ERP教学模拟环境下的一个核心系统,对ERP的教学效果起着至关重要的作用。现有的ERP教学模拟下的财务管理系统,在功能方面存在着功能不全的问题,普遍缺失财务预算和成本管理功能;在软件架构方面,大部分教学模拟软件的体系结构缺乏柔性设计,导致系统不够灵活。而基于SOA设计的体系架构以服务为核心,可以通过服务的灵活调用增强系统的灵活性,为解决教学模拟软件架构问题提供了理论和实现基础。因此,基于SOA思想构建的ERP教学模拟环境下的财务管理系统具有重要的理论和实践意义。
本文首先对ERP模拟教学、财务管理系统、SOA的研究及应用现状进行了系统的分析,在此基础上对ERP教学模拟环境下的财务管理系统进行需求分析,确定了财务管理系统的功能,使系统的功能更加全面。基于SOMA的面向服务分析与设计的思想,运用Powerdesigner12.5建模工具对系统的业务流程进行建模,增强了业务流程的灵活性。
在对业务流程建模的基础上,设计了基于SOA的财务管理系统的层次结构及总体架构。同时,以服务的形式将系统功能进行封装,通过服务的有机调用使系统更具柔性,解决了系统僵化的问题。最后,运用Web Service+ASP.NET技术,以服务调用和组合的方式对系统进行实现,并通过东北石油大学实际应用进行了实证研究。
With the rapid development of enterprise informatization, ERP systems have been used more widely in enterprises. Then the situation of lack ERP application talents was appeared. To satisfy the enterprises demands, ERP teaching was born in universities. In the ERP instruction process, ERP teaching simulation plays an important role. As a core of ERP simulation system, the financial management system plays a vital role in ERP teaching. The existing financial system of the ERP instruction simulation has functional problems, such as lacks of financial budget and cost management function. In the software architecture, most teaching simulation software system’s structure lacks flexible design, and causes the system inflexibility. SOA architecture is based on the service, which can enhance the system flexibility through flexible calls the services, and provides theoretical basis and implementation in order to solve the flexibility of the system. Therefore, according to the ideological of SOA to construct financial management system in ERP instructional simulation environment has important significance in theory and practice.
Firstly, the dissertation has systematical study ERP simulation teaching, financial management system, and application status of SOA. On the basis, financial management system of ERP teaching simulation is analyzed and the system functions are determined. It makes the function of the system more comprehensive. SOMA-based service-oriented analysis and design ideas and Powerdesigner 12.5 modeling tools are used to construct the system business process models, which makes the system business process more flexible.
With the analysis of the financial management system requirements, combining the thought of SOA, the dissertation designs the financial management system level and general framework based on SOA. Meanwhile, the system functions are encapsulated as the form of services. Through the services organic called, the system flexible become better and the system problem of rigidity was solved. And then it detailed designs the database. Finally, using Web Service + ASP.NET technology and the service invocation and composition, this dissertation realizes financial management system, and conducted empirical studies combining the Northeast University of Petroleum.
本文首先对ERP模拟教学、财务管理系统、SOA的研究及应用现状进行了系统的分析,在此基础上对ERP教学模拟环境下的财务管理系统进行需求分析,确定了财务管理系统的功能,使系统的功能更加全面。基于SOMA的面向服务分析与设计的思想,运用Powerdesigner12.5建模工具对系统的业务流程进行建模,增强了业务流程的灵活性。
在对业务流程建模的基础上,设计了基于SOA的财务管理系统的层次结构及总体架构。同时,以服务的形式将系统功能进行封装,通过服务的有机调用使系统更具柔性,解决了系统僵化的问题。最后,运用Web Service+ASP.NET技术,以服务调用和组合的方式对系统进行实现,并通过东北石油大学实际应用进行了实证研究。
With the rapid development of enterprise informatization, ERP systems have been used more widely in enterprises. Then the situation of lack ERP application talents was appeared. To satisfy the enterprises demands, ERP teaching was born in universities. In the ERP instruction process, ERP teaching simulation plays an important role. As a core of ERP simulation system, the financial management system plays a vital role in ERP teaching. The existing financial system of the ERP instruction simulation has functional problems, such as lacks of financial budget and cost management function. In the software architecture, most teaching simulation software system’s structure lacks flexible design, and causes the system inflexibility. SOA architecture is based on the service, which can enhance the system flexibility through flexible calls the services, and provides theoretical basis and implementation in order to solve the flexibility of the system. Therefore, according to the ideological of SOA to construct financial management system in ERP instructional simulation environment has important significance in theory and practice.
Firstly, the dissertation has systematical study ERP simulation teaching, financial management system, and application status of SOA. On the basis, financial management system of ERP teaching simulation is analyzed and the system functions are determined. It makes the function of the system more comprehensive. SOMA-based service-oriented analysis and design ideas and Powerdesigner 12.5 modeling tools are used to construct the system business process models, which makes the system business process more flexible.
With the analysis of the financial management system requirements, combining the thought of SOA, the dissertation designs the financial management system level and general framework based on SOA. Meanwhile, the system functions are encapsulated as the form of services. Through the services organic called, the system flexible become better and the system problem of rigidity was solved. And then it detailed designs the database. Finally, using Web Service + ASP.NET technology and the service invocation and composition, this dissertation realizes financial management system, and conducted empirical studies combining the Northeast University of Petroleum.
引文
[1]李伟英,马丽娟.企业实施ERP的风险及对策[J].技术经济与管理研究,2005,(5):78-79.
[2] CAROLYN S. Enterprise Resource Planning [J]. EBSCO Research Starters, 2008, (1):1-6.
[3] HEIMO H, MARKUS H, BICK U, et al. A Simulation Game Approach for Efficient Education in Enterprise Resource Planning Systems [J]. Information Systems for Production and Operations Management, 2008, (2):1-7.
[4] NEIL C, ALISON Y. The Use of a Commercial ERP System: Teaching Business Systems to Computing Students [C]. 20th Annual Conference of the National Advisory Committee on Computing Qualifications, Nelson, New Zealand, 2007:47-51.
[5] PIERRE M L. Using a Simulation Game Approach to Teach Enterprise Resource Planning Concepts [J]. Journal of Information Systems Education, 2009, 17(4):441-448.
[6] NEIL C, ALISON Y. The Use of a Commercial ERP System: Teaching Business Systems to Computing Students[C]. 20th Annual Conference of the National Advisory Committee on Computing Qualifications, Nelson, New Zealand, 2007:47-52.
[7] NITIN K. Enterprise Wide Information Systems [J]. USC, 2008, (3):1-4.
[8]左两军,王玉蓉.ERP沙盘仿真对抗实验:会计信息系统实验的创新探索[J].广东技术师范学院学报,2006,(3):119-121.
[9]沈炜.ERP沙盘模拟实验在“管理信息系统”课程教学中的运用[J].中国管理信息化,2007,(2):78-79.
[10]蒋平,王琴.ERP沙盘模拟对抗实验在财务管理教学中的应用[J].财政金融,2007,(2):168-170.
[11]王红英,王文山.论ERP教学中物理沙盘与电子沙盘的结合[J].科技信息,2008,(35):403.
[12]韩宁,苗群,瞿皎娇,等.ERP沙盘模拟融资分析[J].商业文化,2007,(7):46.
[13]白晶,李云宏.浅析ERP沙盘模拟中的筹资管理[J].辽宁经济管理干部学院学报,2008,(1):11-12.
[14]刘宣杰,李志刚.用友ERP沙盘应收账款存在的问题与设想[J].财会新探,2007,(10):47.
[15]于永华.ERP沙盘模拟实验:沃尔比重盘评分法应用[J].科技与教育,2008,(23):78-79.
[16]于永华.ERP沙盘模拟实验:杜邦财务分析体系应用[J].中国乡镇企业会计,2008,(24):119-120.
[17]苏仰娜.基于ERP的财务管理系统的研究与实现[J].开发研究与设计技术,2007,(5):200-201.
[18]苏仰娜.基于ERP与人工神经网络的财务管理系统[J].韩山师范学院学报,2007,(3):37-41.
[19]刘位龙,王洪海,张新.基于Web Services的财务管理信息系统研究[J].价值工程,2006,(10):86-88.
[20]王曙光,韩燮.ERP财务管理中的智能决策研究[J].科技情报开发与经济,2006,(3):222-224.
[21]刘建国.基于ERP的财务管理信息系统实验设计[J].实验室研究与探索,2007,(5):56-58.
[22]刘政敏,王洪海.软构件技术在财务管理系统设计中的应用[J].重庆工商大学学报,2007,24(1):82-85.
[23]张睿,吴洪波.基于ERP财务决策支持系统的架构探析[J].科技与管理,2009,(1):65-67.
[24] GULLEDGE T, DELLER G. Service-oriented concepts: bridging between managers and technologists [J]. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 2009, 109(1):5-15.
[25] MIKE P, WILLEM J. Service oriented architectures: approaches, technologies and research issues [J]. The VLDB Journal, 2007, 16:389-415.
[26] LUCIANO B, REIKO H, SEBASTIAN T, et al. Style-based modeling and refinement of service-oriented architectures [J]. Software & System Modeling 2006, 5(2):187-207.
[27] APOSTOLOS M, ABOLGHASEM A, TIMOTHY B, et al. A service-oriented architecture for building services integration [J]. Journal ofFacilities Management, 2008, 6(2):132-151.
[28] KIM J, LIM K. An approach to service-oriented architecture using web service and BPM in the telecom-OSS domain [J]. Internet Research, 2007, 17(1):99-107.
[29] TAYLOR K, O’KEEFE C, COLTON J. A Service-Oriented Architecture for a Health Research Data Network [C]. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management, Sanatoria Island, Greece, 2004:443-444.
[30]司源,戴跃洪.基于SOA的采购管理系统研究与设计[J].现代管理技术,2009,11(36):61-66.
[31]刘领兵,陈洁.基于SOA/Web Services体系的移动应用系统开发框架[J].计算机应用与软件,2010,27(2):157-159.
[32]戚琦,廖建新,王纯,等.基于SOA的数据业务服务总线的研究设计[J].计算机科学,2008,35(6):125-127.
[33]曾洋,张艳梅.面向服务的体系结构[J].软件导刊,2008,7(4):77-78.
[34]蒋哲远,韩江洪.面向服务领域软件的参考模型[J].计算机科学2007,34(8):261-265.
[35]顾蔚平,齐霄鹏,王珏明.基于SOA的ERP体系结构模型的研究[J].计算机应用与软件,2009,26(3):158-159.
[36]岳昆,王晓玲,周傲英.Web服务核心支撑技术:研究综述[J].软件学报,2004,15(3):428-442.
[37]曾森,范玉顺.面向服务的企业架构[J].计算机应用研究,2008,25(2):540-545.
[38]杨云涛,王润孝,宋丽君,等.企业建模方法及ARIS建模过程应用研究[J].管理技术,2007,3:86-93.
[39]蒋志强,丁玉庆,丁玉成,等.面向Web服务的制造企业业务流程管理集成应用研究[J].机床与液压,2003,(2):52-54.
[40]李华庵.EAI的架构模式/业务流程级的集成/使用UML为EAI建模[J].计算机世界,2002,(24):20-23.
[41]涂艳.基于工作流技术的科研项目管理信息系统研究[J].计算机工程,2005,31(9):201-203.
[42]张朝辉,刘大有.一种改进的面向ERP的工作流管理系统[J].计算机应用研究,2008,25(4):1278-1280.
[43]李德生,王海洋.一种将业务规则与BPEL有效集成的方法[J].计算机应用,2005,25(11):2705-2708.
[44]史少锋,李安渝.使用BPEL4WS设计业务流程的研究[J].计算机应用与软件,2006,23(7):52-54.
[45]万露,杨国强.基于SOA和BPEL的业务流程管理研究与应用[J].计算机与现代化,2009,2:74-76.
[46]刘东辉.财务软件入门与提高[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006:6-7.
[47] ARSANJANI A, GHOSH S, ALLAM A, et al. SOMA: A method for developing service-oriented solutions [J]. IBM SYSTEMS JOURNAL, 2008, 47(3): 337-338.
[48] THOMAS E.郭耀译.SOA服务设计原则[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2009:7-9.
[49] SHAW M, GARLAN D. Software Architecture: Perspectives on an Emerging Discipline [J]. Prentice-Hall, 1996, 34(5):543-545.
[50] LUCIANO B, REIKO H, SEBASTIAN T, et al. Style-based modeling and refinements of service-oriented architectures [J]. Software & System Modeling, 2006, 5(2):187-207.
[51] SCHMIDT K, STAHL C. A Petri net semantic for BPEL4WS validation and Application [J]. Proceedings of the 11th Workshop on Algorithms and Tools for Petri Nets, 2004:1-6.
[52]桂友武.基于SOA面向服务的集成应用与研究[D].长沙:中南大学学位论文,2007:28-29.
[2] CAROLYN S. Enterprise Resource Planning [J]. EBSCO Research Starters, 2008, (1):1-6.
[3] HEIMO H, MARKUS H, BICK U, et al. A Simulation Game Approach for Efficient Education in Enterprise Resource Planning Systems [J]. Information Systems for Production and Operations Management, 2008, (2):1-7.
[4] NEIL C, ALISON Y. The Use of a Commercial ERP System: Teaching Business Systems to Computing Students [C]. 20th Annual Conference of the National Advisory Committee on Computing Qualifications, Nelson, New Zealand, 2007:47-51.
[5] PIERRE M L. Using a Simulation Game Approach to Teach Enterprise Resource Planning Concepts [J]. Journal of Information Systems Education, 2009, 17(4):441-448.
[6] NEIL C, ALISON Y. The Use of a Commercial ERP System: Teaching Business Systems to Computing Students[C]. 20th Annual Conference of the National Advisory Committee on Computing Qualifications, Nelson, New Zealand, 2007:47-52.
[7] NITIN K. Enterprise Wide Information Systems [J]. USC, 2008, (3):1-4.
[8]左两军,王玉蓉.ERP沙盘仿真对抗实验:会计信息系统实验的创新探索[J].广东技术师范学院学报,2006,(3):119-121.
[9]沈炜.ERP沙盘模拟实验在“管理信息系统”课程教学中的运用[J].中国管理信息化,2007,(2):78-79.
[10]蒋平,王琴.ERP沙盘模拟对抗实验在财务管理教学中的应用[J].财政金融,2007,(2):168-170.
[11]王红英,王文山.论ERP教学中物理沙盘与电子沙盘的结合[J].科技信息,2008,(35):403.
[12]韩宁,苗群,瞿皎娇,等.ERP沙盘模拟融资分析[J].商业文化,2007,(7):46.
[13]白晶,李云宏.浅析ERP沙盘模拟中的筹资管理[J].辽宁经济管理干部学院学报,2008,(1):11-12.
[14]刘宣杰,李志刚.用友ERP沙盘应收账款存在的问题与设想[J].财会新探,2007,(10):47.
[15]于永华.ERP沙盘模拟实验:沃尔比重盘评分法应用[J].科技与教育,2008,(23):78-79.
[16]于永华.ERP沙盘模拟实验:杜邦财务分析体系应用[J].中国乡镇企业会计,2008,(24):119-120.
[17]苏仰娜.基于ERP的财务管理系统的研究与实现[J].开发研究与设计技术,2007,(5):200-201.
[18]苏仰娜.基于ERP与人工神经网络的财务管理系统[J].韩山师范学院学报,2007,(3):37-41.
[19]刘位龙,王洪海,张新.基于Web Services的财务管理信息系统研究[J].价值工程,2006,(10):86-88.
[20]王曙光,韩燮.ERP财务管理中的智能决策研究[J].科技情报开发与经济,2006,(3):222-224.
[21]刘建国.基于ERP的财务管理信息系统实验设计[J].实验室研究与探索,2007,(5):56-58.
[22]刘政敏,王洪海.软构件技术在财务管理系统设计中的应用[J].重庆工商大学学报,2007,24(1):82-85.
[23]张睿,吴洪波.基于ERP财务决策支持系统的架构探析[J].科技与管理,2009,(1):65-67.
[24] GULLEDGE T, DELLER G. Service-oriented concepts: bridging between managers and technologists [J]. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 2009, 109(1):5-15.
[25] MIKE P, WILLEM J. Service oriented architectures: approaches, technologies and research issues [J]. The VLDB Journal, 2007, 16:389-415.
[26] LUCIANO B, REIKO H, SEBASTIAN T, et al. Style-based modeling and refinement of service-oriented architectures [J]. Software & System Modeling 2006, 5(2):187-207.
[27] APOSTOLOS M, ABOLGHASEM A, TIMOTHY B, et al. A service-oriented architecture for building services integration [J]. Journal ofFacilities Management, 2008, 6(2):132-151.
[28] KIM J, LIM K. An approach to service-oriented architecture using web service and BPM in the telecom-OSS domain [J]. Internet Research, 2007, 17(1):99-107.
[29] TAYLOR K, O’KEEFE C, COLTON J. A Service-Oriented Architecture for a Health Research Data Network [C]. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management, Sanatoria Island, Greece, 2004:443-444.
[30]司源,戴跃洪.基于SOA的采购管理系统研究与设计[J].现代管理技术,2009,11(36):61-66.
[31]刘领兵,陈洁.基于SOA/Web Services体系的移动应用系统开发框架[J].计算机应用与软件,2010,27(2):157-159.
[32]戚琦,廖建新,王纯,等.基于SOA的数据业务服务总线的研究设计[J].计算机科学,2008,35(6):125-127.
[33]曾洋,张艳梅.面向服务的体系结构[J].软件导刊,2008,7(4):77-78.
[34]蒋哲远,韩江洪.面向服务领域软件的参考模型[J].计算机科学2007,34(8):261-265.
[35]顾蔚平,齐霄鹏,王珏明.基于SOA的ERP体系结构模型的研究[J].计算机应用与软件,2009,26(3):158-159.
[36]岳昆,王晓玲,周傲英.Web服务核心支撑技术:研究综述[J].软件学报,2004,15(3):428-442.
[37]曾森,范玉顺.面向服务的企业架构[J].计算机应用研究,2008,25(2):540-545.
[38]杨云涛,王润孝,宋丽君,等.企业建模方法及ARIS建模过程应用研究[J].管理技术,2007,3:86-93.
[39]蒋志强,丁玉庆,丁玉成,等.面向Web服务的制造企业业务流程管理集成应用研究[J].机床与液压,2003,(2):52-54.
[40]李华庵.EAI的架构模式/业务流程级的集成/使用UML为EAI建模[J].计算机世界,2002,(24):20-23.
[41]涂艳.基于工作流技术的科研项目管理信息系统研究[J].计算机工程,2005,31(9):201-203.
[42]张朝辉,刘大有.一种改进的面向ERP的工作流管理系统[J].计算机应用研究,2008,25(4):1278-1280.
[43]李德生,王海洋.一种将业务规则与BPEL有效集成的方法[J].计算机应用,2005,25(11):2705-2708.
[44]史少锋,李安渝.使用BPEL4WS设计业务流程的研究[J].计算机应用与软件,2006,23(7):52-54.
[45]万露,杨国强.基于SOA和BPEL的业务流程管理研究与应用[J].计算机与现代化,2009,2:74-76.
[46]刘东辉.财务软件入门与提高[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006:6-7.
[47] ARSANJANI A, GHOSH S, ALLAM A, et al. SOMA: A method for developing service-oriented solutions [J]. IBM SYSTEMS JOURNAL, 2008, 47(3): 337-338.
[48] THOMAS E.郭耀译.SOA服务设计原则[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2009:7-9.
[49] SHAW M, GARLAN D. Software Architecture: Perspectives on an Emerging Discipline [J]. Prentice-Hall, 1996, 34(5):543-545.
[50] LUCIANO B, REIKO H, SEBASTIAN T, et al. Style-based modeling and refinements of service-oriented architectures [J]. Software & System Modeling, 2006, 5(2):187-207.
[51] SCHMIDT K, STAHL C. A Petri net semantic for BPEL4WS validation and Application [J]. Proceedings of the 11th Workshop on Algorithms and Tools for Petri Nets, 2004:1-6.
[52]桂友武.基于SOA面向服务的集成应用与研究[D].长沙:中南大学学位论文,2007:28-29.