蔗渣锅炉烟道气二氧化碳在线测量与提取实验研究
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摘要
现代制糖工艺按照澄清剂的不同可分为亚硫酸法和碳酸法,其中亚硫酸法由于生产工艺简单、成本较低等原因而获得广泛应用,但与碳酸法相比,亚硫酸法所得成品糖含硫量高、产品品级较低。采用糖厂蔗渣锅炉烟道气进行饱充是提高亚硫酸法制糖质量的一种可能技术途径,但由于烟气中CO2浓度较低且存在波动,烟道气饱充实际效果不佳。
首先,本文提出了从糖厂蔗渣锅炉烟道气中提取出纯CO2,将其与烟道气混合后再进行饱充的设想,该方案可提高饱充气的浓度并消除其波动,达到饱充工艺的标准需求。
其次,作者研制了一套糖厂蔗渣锅炉烟道气CO2浓度在线测量装置,进行了热态实验。结果表明,该测试装置可长期稳定工作,能够满足国内糖厂的测试需要。奥氏气体分析仪的标定结果证明了测试数据的可靠性。针对某典型蔗渣锅炉除尘器前CO2浓度的在线测量表明,该处浓度一直处于波动状态,其数值大致在5.00%-8.48%之间。
再次,作者对常压简化本菲尔法提取蔗渣锅炉烟道气中CO2进行了理论分析,研制了一套实验室模拟提取装置,进行了初步实验研究。实验结果表明,常压简化本菲尔法提取蔗渣锅炉烟道气中CO2是可行的,其典型提取率约为20%,这对于饱充应用是可以接受的。
最后,作者对装置中的主要问题如水平衡控制等进行了分析,提出了下一步工作设想。
Sub-sulfuric acid and carbonic acid method are two main industrial methods for modern sugar refining according to different clarificants. Sub-sulfuric acid method is widely used for its simpler producing process, lower cost and etc. But compared with carbonic acid method, products of sub-sulfuric acid method have high sulfur content and low grade. It is a potential technical approach to improve the sugar quality of sub-sulfuric acid method by using bagasse boiler flue gas for saturation. But because the concentration of CO2 in the flue gas is low fluctuating, the effect of flue gas saturation is not good.
In this paper, firstly the author proposed to use the flue gas mixed with pure CO2 that extracted from the bagasse boiler flue gas for saturation. This method can improve the concentration of the saturated gas and eliminate the fluctuations to fulfill the standard saturation requirements.
Secondly, a CO2 concentration online measuring device in bagasse boiler flue gas was developed. Then the experiment was performed. The results show that, the measuring device can work reliably and satisfy the testing need of sugar refinery plants. The online experimental results agree to that measured by using Orsat gas analyzer. For a typical bagasse boiler flue gas at the inlet of dust collector, the CO2 concentration fluctuates in the range of 5.00%～8.48%.
Thirdly, a CO2 extraction lab device based on Atmospheric Pressure Benfield Process was designed and built. The preliminary experimental study confirmed the feasibility of the technique. The typical extraction rate is about 20% which is acceptable for the saturation application in sugar refinery plants.
Finally, the main issues of the present CO2 extraction lab device (e.g.,water balance control) were analyzed. The future work direction was also planned.
首先,本文提出了从糖厂蔗渣锅炉烟道气中提取出纯CO2,将其与烟道气混合后再进行饱充的设想,该方案可提高饱充气的浓度并消除其波动,达到饱充工艺的标准需求。
其次,作者研制了一套糖厂蔗渣锅炉烟道气CO2浓度在线测量装置,进行了热态实验。结果表明,该测试装置可长期稳定工作,能够满足国内糖厂的测试需要。奥氏气体分析仪的标定结果证明了测试数据的可靠性。针对某典型蔗渣锅炉除尘器前CO2浓度的在线测量表明,该处浓度一直处于波动状态,其数值大致在5.00%-8.48%之间。
再次,作者对常压简化本菲尔法提取蔗渣锅炉烟道气中CO2进行了理论分析,研制了一套实验室模拟提取装置,进行了初步实验研究。实验结果表明,常压简化本菲尔法提取蔗渣锅炉烟道气中CO2是可行的,其典型提取率约为20%,这对于饱充应用是可以接受的。
最后,作者对装置中的主要问题如水平衡控制等进行了分析,提出了下一步工作设想。
Sub-sulfuric acid and carbonic acid method are two main industrial methods for modern sugar refining according to different clarificants. Sub-sulfuric acid method is widely used for its simpler producing process, lower cost and etc. But compared with carbonic acid method, products of sub-sulfuric acid method have high sulfur content and low grade. It is a potential technical approach to improve the sugar quality of sub-sulfuric acid method by using bagasse boiler flue gas for saturation. But because the concentration of CO2 in the flue gas is low fluctuating, the effect of flue gas saturation is not good.
In this paper, firstly the author proposed to use the flue gas mixed with pure CO2 that extracted from the bagasse boiler flue gas for saturation. This method can improve the concentration of the saturated gas and eliminate the fluctuations to fulfill the standard saturation requirements.
Secondly, a CO2 concentration online measuring device in bagasse boiler flue gas was developed. Then the experiment was performed. The results show that, the measuring device can work reliably and satisfy the testing need of sugar refinery plants. The online experimental results agree to that measured by using Orsat gas analyzer. For a typical bagasse boiler flue gas at the inlet of dust collector, the CO2 concentration fluctuates in the range of 5.00%～8.48%.
Thirdly, a CO2 extraction lab device based on Atmospheric Pressure Benfield Process was designed and built. The preliminary experimental study confirmed the feasibility of the technique. The typical extraction rate is about 20% which is acceptable for the saturation application in sugar refinery plants.
Finally, the main issues of the present CO2 extraction lab device (e.g.,water balance control) were analyzed. The future work direction was also planned.
引文
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[2]何华柱,杨振仙,周洪祥,等.甘蔗糖厂混合汁烟道气饱充上浮工艺探讨.甘蔗糖业,2009(4)：27-30
[3]陈子华.锅炉烟道气饱充上浮新工艺在糖厂的应用.甘蔗糖业,2010(1)：31-34
[4]赵强,周锡文,黄福,等.烟道气饱充上浮技术处理顽性蔗汁工艺.甘蔗糖业,2010(1)：32-36
[5]董毅宏,黄世钊,何华柱,等.糖厂锅炉烟道气二氧化碳的富集及其在亚硫酸法制糖澄清工艺的应用.广西大学学报,2009,34(5)：631-634
[6]霍汉镇.现代制糖化学与工艺学.北京：化学工业出版社,2008
[7]杨云飞.混合汁蔗糠含量及其对澄清过程和糖份收回的影响.甘蔗糖业,1991(6)：35-38
[8]杨敏,范家恒.甘蔗制糖澄清剂的研究进展.广西蔗糖,2009,55(2)：27-29
[9]蒋小庆.基于VxWorks的糖厂澄清工段pH值控制器设计.广西：广西大学,2009
[10]蓝贤州.磷酸上浮-碳酸法制糖澄清新工艺.广西轻工业,2001(2)：22-24
[11]何华柱,周锡文,吴辉,等.“烟道气CO2饱充,蔗汁渣沫分离”技术在亚硫酸法糖厂澄清工艺的应用与探讨.广西蔗糖,2009(2)：73-40
[12]何华柱,刘心志,张后雷,等.蔗渣锅炉烟道气成分在线监测与影响因素分析.广西蔗糖,2009,57(4)：21-24
[13]Pierce W F R, William G. O. International perspectives and the results of carbon dioxidecapture disposal and utilization studies. Energy Conveys.1995,36:813-818.
[14]梅安华.小合成氨厂工艺技术与设计手册.北京：化学工业出版社,1994
[15]于遵宏.大型合成氨生产工艺.北京：中国石化出版社,1993
[16]周忠清.CO2的分离回收工艺.湖北化工,1992,4：34-38
[17]A.G. Okunev, V.E. Sharonov, Yu.I. Aristov et al. Sorption of carbon dioxide from wet gases by K2CO3-in-porous matrix:influence of the matrixnature.React.Kinet.Catal.Lett. 2000,71(2):355-362
[18]涂晋林,吴志泉.化学工业中的吸收操作.上海：华东理工大学出版社,1994
[19]朱世勇.二氧化碳脱除方法的比较和选择.化肥工业,1984,(5)：16-19
[20]梁其煜,李式模,邵皓平.变压吸附技术的发展.低温工程.1997(5)：7-11
[21]唐莉,王宝林,陈健.应用变压吸附法分离回收C02.低温与特气.1998(2)：47-51
[22]钱民翔,郑桂东,严宏顺.低压吸收法回收脱碳闪蒸气的应用.小氮肥,2008,36(11)： 18-19
[23]冯孝庭.吸附分离技术.北京：化学工业出版社.2000
[24]吴小明,王日洪.变压吸附脱碳技术运行总结.化肥设计,2001,39(3)：31-32
[25]王可栋.变压吸附回收CO2工艺改造.上海煤气,2010,2：1-3
[26]李耀刚.变压吸附脱碳工艺的发展及优化.中氮肥,2010,1：45-47
[27]江静.变压吸附脱碳应用总结.小氮肥,2009,37(8)：7
[28]施得志,董声雄.气体膜分离技术的应用及发展前景.河南化工,2001,3：4-7
[29]杨明芬.膜吸收法和化学吸收法脱除电厂烟气中二氧化碳的试验研究.杭州：浙江大学,2005
[30]夏明珠,严莲荷.二氧化碳的分离回收技术与综合利用.现代化工,1999,19(5)：46-48
[31]黄汉生.温室效应气体二氧化碳的回收与利用.现代化工,2001,21(9)：53-57
[32]李天成,冯霞,李鑫钢.二氧化碳处理技术现状及其发展趋势.化学工业与工程,2002,19(2)：191-196
[33]张晓华.温室气体C02的控制和处理研究进展.环境科学动态,1998,1：31-32
[34]Meisen A, Shuai X S. Research and Development issues in CO2 capture. M. Energy Convers. Mgmt.1997,38:37-42
[35]刘娜.电解法再生热钾碱溶液的研究.北京：清华大学,2010
[36]张阿玲,方栋.温室气体CO2的控制和回收利用.北京：中国环境出版社,1996
[37]晏水平,方梦祥等.烟气中C02化学吸收法脱除技术分析与进展.化工进展.2006,25(9)：1018-1024
[38]Jingliang Li,Binghung Chen. Review of CO2 absorption using chemical solvents in hollow fiber membrane contactors. Separation and Purification Technology.2005.41: 109-122
[39]Shuiping Yan, Mengxiang Fang,elt. Comparative analysis of CO2 separation from flue gas by membrane gasabsorption technology and chemical absorption technology in China. Energy Conversion and Management.2008,49:3188-3197
[40]Riemer P.Green gas mitigation technologies, an overview of the CO2 capture, storage and future activities of the IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme. Energy Convers Manage. 1996,37(6-8):665-670
[41]Rao AB, Rubin ES. A technical, economical, and environmental assessment of amine-based CO2 capture technology for power plant greenhouse gas control. Environ Sci Technol.2002,36(20):4467-4475
[42]Li JL, Chen BH. Review of CO2 absorption using chemical solvents in hollow fiber membrane contactors.Sep Purif Technol.2005,41(2):109-122
[43]Kvamsdal HM, Jakobsen JP, Hoff KA.Dynamic modeling and simulation of a CO2 absorber column for post-combustion CO2 capture.Chemical Engineering and Processing.2009,48:135-144
[44]史邦助,杜玉芳.本菲尔法脱碳吸收—再生塔的改造.化肥工业,2000,27(6)：56-61
[45]孟繁莹,熊劲松等.本菲尔法脱碳再生塔的改造及过程分析.大氮肥,2007,30(2)：73-75
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