基于DSP的数字恒流电源系统研究
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摘要
随着科技的发展与进步,电源作为各类科学实验室最基本、最重要的实验设备之一,其工作精确度和工作稳定性始终受到使用者的强烈关注。数字信号处理器(DSP)以其成本和集成度等方面的优势,在机电一体化、智能仪器仪表、工业控制等领域有着举足轻重的作用。将其二者相结合,即可以构成数字控制智能化电源,这一点在电源应用领域已经成为主要的发展趋势。
本设计首先介绍了数字电源的基本概念、特点以及现今国内外的发展趋势,通过对数字PWM调制的各种方式的分析和讨论,给出了数字PWM和模拟实现方式的对比结果,包括单沿前缘、单沿后缘、三角前缘和三角后缘等多种情况下的幅频特性和相频特性,为设计数字开关电源系统提供了理论依据和指导。
其次,根据设计要求,以DSP作为控制核心,设计了数字控制恒流电源系统的硬件系统,包括对开关电源拓扑进行分析,MOSFET驱动电路的设计,DSP控制核心电路的设计,采样系统的设计等内容。
然后,根据设计要求和硬件基础系统,在对数字PID控制算法进行了分析的基础上,尤其重点分析了增量式数字PID的公式推导和实现方法,开发了对应的系统软件,构成了完整的开关电源控制系统,并且丰富了系统的性能和功能,实现了数字化恒流控制的目的。
最后,通过对实际系统调试和分析的结果,总结了该系统的特点与不足,指出了进一步改进的方向和展望。
Along with the development and progress of science and technology,power as any scientific laboratories' most basic and important one of the experimental equipments,its accuracy and stability during the work has been strongly concern by the users.Because of the cost and integration,and other strong points of the digital signal processor(DSP),it plays a decisive role in electromechanical integration,intelligent zed instrumentation,industrial control and other areas.
First,this design introduced the basic concept of digital powers,features,and the development trends in internal and international nowadays.Through analyses and discussions of variety of ways of digital PWM modulation,it gave comparative results between digital PWM and stimulant modulation;it included single-along leading-edge,single-along trailing-edge,leading-triangle and trailing-triangle,and the Amplitude-frequency characteristics and Phase-frequency characteristics.It provided a theoretical basis and guidelines for the design of digital switch mode power supplies.
Secondly,according to the design requirements,used DSP as the control core,designed the hardware system of the digital constant current source system,including analyses of topologies of switch mode powers,design of drivers of MOSFETs,DSP control core circuit, and sampling system circuit and so on.
Next,according to the design requirements and the hardware basic system,analyzed digital PID control arithmetic,especially analyzed incremental digital PID and the derivation of formula and the way to realization.It exploited corresponding system software,made up of the orbicular switch mode power control system,and it enriched the performance and functionality of the system,actualizing the aim of digital constant current control.
At last,through the results of debug and analysis by the actual system,sum up the characteristics and lacks,pointed out the further improvements and outlook.
本设计首先介绍了数字电源的基本概念、特点以及现今国内外的发展趋势,通过对数字PWM调制的各种方式的分析和讨论,给出了数字PWM和模拟实现方式的对比结果,包括单沿前缘、单沿后缘、三角前缘和三角后缘等多种情况下的幅频特性和相频特性,为设计数字开关电源系统提供了理论依据和指导。
其次,根据设计要求,以DSP作为控制核心,设计了数字控制恒流电源系统的硬件系统,包括对开关电源拓扑进行分析,MOSFET驱动电路的设计,DSP控制核心电路的设计,采样系统的设计等内容。
然后,根据设计要求和硬件基础系统,在对数字PID控制算法进行了分析的基础上,尤其重点分析了增量式数字PID的公式推导和实现方法,开发了对应的系统软件,构成了完整的开关电源控制系统,并且丰富了系统的性能和功能,实现了数字化恒流控制的目的。
最后,通过对实际系统调试和分析的结果,总结了该系统的特点与不足,指出了进一步改进的方向和展望。
Along with the development and progress of science and technology,power as any scientific laboratories' most basic and important one of the experimental equipments,its accuracy and stability during the work has been strongly concern by the users.Because of the cost and integration,and other strong points of the digital signal processor(DSP),it plays a decisive role in electromechanical integration,intelligent zed instrumentation,industrial control and other areas.
First,this design introduced the basic concept of digital powers,features,and the development trends in internal and international nowadays.Through analyses and discussions of variety of ways of digital PWM modulation,it gave comparative results between digital PWM and stimulant modulation;it included single-along leading-edge,single-along trailing-edge,leading-triangle and trailing-triangle,and the Amplitude-frequency characteristics and Phase-frequency characteristics.It provided a theoretical basis and guidelines for the design of digital switch mode power supplies.
Secondly,according to the design requirements,used DSP as the control core,designed the hardware system of the digital constant current source system,including analyses of topologies of switch mode powers,design of drivers of MOSFETs,DSP control core circuit, and sampling system circuit and so on.
Next,according to the design requirements and the hardware basic system,analyzed digital PID control arithmetic,especially analyzed incremental digital PID and the derivation of formula and the way to realization.It exploited corresponding system software,made up of the orbicular switch mode power control system,and it enriched the performance and functionality of the system,actualizing the aim of digital constant current control.
At last,through the results of debug and analysis by the actual system,sum up the characteristics and lacks,pointed out the further improvements and outlook.
引文
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[6]孔明.低压大电流多相数字DC-DC转换器的研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2008.
[7]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术(第4版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[8]张卫宁.TMS320C28x系列DSP的CPU与外设(上)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[9]张卫宁.TMS320C28x系列DSP的CPU与外设(下)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[10]李夕红.基于DSP和FPGA的数字化开关电源的实用化研究[D].四川:成都理工大学,2008.
[11]符晓玲,姜波.基于DSP的数字PID控制器设计[J].现代电子技术,2007(7):129-131.
[12]张迪,李迅波.基于DSP控制的数字化电源设计[J].微计算机信息,2009,25(2-2):137-138.
[13]马红波,冯全源.BUCK型开关变换器最优PID控制器设计[J].电机与控制学报,2008,12(6):639-643.
[14]伍铁斌.PID控制器参数智能整定方法研究[D].湖南:湖南科技大学,2007.
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[17]孙德宝,王永骥,王金城.自动控制原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002.
[18]徐德鸿.开关电源设计指南[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[19]侯士江,周俊杰.多相buck转换器的新型电压滞环控制研究[J].电子技术,2009(2):56-60.
[20]赵珂,曹建.基于BUCK型DC-DC变换器的仿真研究[J].南昌航空大学学报,2008,22(4):71-74.
[21]张兰芸,姜孝华,何振辉等.Buck DC/DC变换器研究与设计[J].电力电子技术,2008,41(8):45-47.
[22]刘宇星,冯全源.Buck变换器中电流检测的噪声研究[J].半导体技术,2009,34(3):258-274.
[23]夏一正,吴晓波.Buck控制器中仿真电流模式控制电路的设计[J].微电子学,2007,37(4):553-560.
[24]万慧,黄维玲,马新敏等.DC-DC变换器数字PID控制算法设计利修正[J].微计算机信息,2003,19(5):21-29.
[25]DraganM,R egan Z,Erikson R.Impact of digital control in power electronics[J].International Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices and ICs(ISPSD) record,2004.
[26]A V Peterchev,S R Sanders.Quantization resolution and limit cycling in digitally controlled PWM converters[J].Power Electronics Specialists Conference,2001.
[27]St phane Bibian,Jin Hua.Time Delay Compensation of Digital Control for DC Switch Mode Power Supplies Using Prediction Techniques[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2000,15(5):835-842.
[28]Chen Jingquan,A Prodic,R Erickson.Predictive digital current programmed control [J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2003(18):411-419.
[29]孔凡燕.基于DSP的DC-DC变换器模糊控制器设计与实现[D].江苏:江南大学,2008.
[31]许会军.数字控制DC-DC变换器的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2006.
[31]洪波.全数字控制DC/DC变换器[D].安徽:合肥工业大学,2007.
[2]张南山.基于DSP的大功率数字电源产品化研究[J].电源技术应用,2008(2):65-75.
[3]D Raviv,E W Djaja.Technique for enhancing the performance of descretized controllers[J].IEEE contr.Syst.Mag.,1999,(6):52-57.
[4]杨贵恒,高锐,梁华贵等.开关电源数字控制调制方式的分析[J].变流技术与电力牵引,2008(3):16-29.
[5]刘凤君.现代高频开关电源技术及应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2008.
[6]孔明.低压大电流多相数字DC-DC转换器的研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2008.
[7]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术(第4版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[8]张卫宁.TMS320C28x系列DSP的CPU与外设(上)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[9]张卫宁.TMS320C28x系列DSP的CPU与外设(下)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[10]李夕红.基于DSP和FPGA的数字化开关电源的实用化研究[D].四川:成都理工大学,2008.
[11]符晓玲,姜波.基于DSP的数字PID控制器设计[J].现代电子技术,2007(7):129-131.
[12]张迪,李迅波.基于DSP控制的数字化电源设计[J].微计算机信息,2009,25(2-2):137-138.
[13]马红波,冯全源.BUCK型开关变换器最优PID控制器设计[J].电机与控制学报,2008,12(6):639-643.
[14]伍铁斌.PID控制器参数智能整定方法研究[D].湖南:湖南科技大学,2007.
[15]张乃国.电源技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,1998.
[16]尹华杰.开关电源仿真[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2007.
[17]孙德宝,王永骥,王金城.自动控制原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002.
[18]徐德鸿.开关电源设计指南[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[19]侯士江,周俊杰.多相buck转换器的新型电压滞环控制研究[J].电子技术,2009(2):56-60.
[20]赵珂,曹建.基于BUCK型DC-DC变换器的仿真研究[J].南昌航空大学学报,2008,22(4):71-74.
[21]张兰芸,姜孝华,何振辉等.Buck DC/DC变换器研究与设计[J].电力电子技术,2008,41(8):45-47.
[22]刘宇星,冯全源.Buck变换器中电流检测的噪声研究[J].半导体技术,2009,34(3):258-274.
[23]夏一正,吴晓波.Buck控制器中仿真电流模式控制电路的设计[J].微电子学,2007,37(4):553-560.
[24]万慧,黄维玲,马新敏等.DC-DC变换器数字PID控制算法设计利修正[J].微计算机信息,2003,19(5):21-29.
[25]DraganM,R egan Z,Erikson R.Impact of digital control in power electronics[J].International Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices and ICs(ISPSD) record,2004.
[26]A V Peterchev,S R Sanders.Quantization resolution and limit cycling in digitally controlled PWM converters[J].Power Electronics Specialists Conference,2001.
[27]St phane Bibian,Jin Hua.Time Delay Compensation of Digital Control for DC Switch Mode Power Supplies Using Prediction Techniques[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2000,15(5):835-842.
[28]Chen Jingquan,A Prodic,R Erickson.Predictive digital current programmed control [J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2003(18):411-419.
[29]孔凡燕.基于DSP的DC-DC变换器模糊控制器设计与实现[D].江苏:江南大学,2008.
[31]许会军.数字控制DC-DC变换器的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2006.
[31]洪波.全数字控制DC/DC变换器[D].安徽:合肥工业大学,2007.