开关电源的数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制技术研究
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摘要
新一代处理器对为其供电的电源系统指标提出了越来越高的要求。由于开关电源的数字控制具有良好的灵活性、可扩展性、易于实现更优秀的电源管理方案等优点,因此得到了越来越多的关注。本论文旨在研究更有效的数字控制算法,以提高开关变换器的瞬态响应特性。论文重点分析了数字峰值电压—峰值电流(Digital Peak Voltage-Peak Current,DPV-PC)控制算法,在此基础上进一步研究了数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制的克服延时算法,并对这两种算法进行了分析和比较。
模拟峰值电压—峰值电流控制(V~2C控制)方式具有过电流保护及良好的动态响应;数字系统具有可编程性、很强的适应性与灵活性,具备易于监控、处理并适应系统条件的能力。本文研究的数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制方式结合了这两者的优点。论文研究了采用不同的数字脉冲宽度调制方式(单缘调制、双缘调制)的数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制的算法,以CCM模式(Continuous Conductive Mode,连续导电模式)Buck变换器为例,对基于不同调制方式的数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制算法进行了深入的研究;并针对数字控制系统固有的延时问题进行了分析,提出了克服延时的数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制算法(Improved Digital Peak Voltage-PeakCurrent,IDPV-PC),提高了控制系统的带宽和瞬态响应性能。
论文利用状态空间平均法建立了CCM模式数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制Buck变换器的小信号模型,得到了其输出阻抗、“输入—输出”传递函数和“控制—输出”传递函数。在仿真软件MATLAB6.5中建立了小信号的仿真模型,并进行了频域的小信号仿真分析。分析表明,IDPV-PC控制方法对于负载突变具有比DPV-PC控制更快的响应速度。
论文对数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制方法、克服延时的数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制方法的动态性能进行了仿真研究,结果表明,后者具有更快的瞬态响应。
Due to the high power consuming characteristic of the next generation processors, the regulation requirement for power converter systems becomes more and more demanding in industry. Since it has the advantages of good programmability, flexibility and reliability, digital control system has the potential to achieve high performance control of switching-mode power supply (SMPS). The motivation of this research is to explore new digital control algorithms for SMPS to achieve high dynamic performance control. Two advanced digital control algorithms are summarized in this thesis, and made an introduction and an analysis on digital Peak Voltage-Peak Current (DPV-PC) control algorithm to improve its completion in theory.
DPV-PC control of SMPS combines advantages of Peak Voltage-Peak Current mode control, including overload current protection and robust dynamics, and advantages of digital implementation, such as programmability, flexibility, and scalability. In Continuous Conductive Mode (CCM), DPV-PC control technique with different modulation methods (single-edge and dual-edge modulation) is studied on Buck converter topology. In the digital control loop of switching converter, the time delay for digital operations is inevitable and it is at least one switching cycle. To overcome this time delay, the algorithm called an improved digital Peak Voltage-Peak Current (IDPV-PC) control is presented and comprehensively studied.
Small signal model of Buck converter with DPV-PC control is derived by using state space average method. And the output impedance, line-to-output and control-to-output transfer functions are obtained subsequently. Theoretic analysis and simulation results show that IDPV-PC control technique has a better transient control performance for power switching converter than DPV-PC control technique.
The comparison between the transient behaviors of DPV-PC control and IDPV-PC control is performed by simulation results, from which we conclude that IDPV-PC control has faster transient response speed than DPV-PC control.
模拟峰值电压—峰值电流控制(V~2C控制)方式具有过电流保护及良好的动态响应;数字系统具有可编程性、很强的适应性与灵活性,具备易于监控、处理并适应系统条件的能力。本文研究的数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制方式结合了这两者的优点。论文研究了采用不同的数字脉冲宽度调制方式(单缘调制、双缘调制)的数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制的算法,以CCM模式(Continuous Conductive Mode,连续导电模式)Buck变换器为例,对基于不同调制方式的数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制算法进行了深入的研究;并针对数字控制系统固有的延时问题进行了分析,提出了克服延时的数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制算法(Improved Digital Peak Voltage-PeakCurrent,IDPV-PC),提高了控制系统的带宽和瞬态响应性能。
论文利用状态空间平均法建立了CCM模式数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制Buck变换器的小信号模型,得到了其输出阻抗、“输入—输出”传递函数和“控制—输出”传递函数。在仿真软件MATLAB6.5中建立了小信号的仿真模型,并进行了频域的小信号仿真分析。分析表明,IDPV-PC控制方法对于负载突变具有比DPV-PC控制更快的响应速度。
论文对数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制方法、克服延时的数字峰值电压—峰值电流控制方法的动态性能进行了仿真研究,结果表明,后者具有更快的瞬态响应。
Due to the high power consuming characteristic of the next generation processors, the regulation requirement for power converter systems becomes more and more demanding in industry. Since it has the advantages of good programmability, flexibility and reliability, digital control system has the potential to achieve high performance control of switching-mode power supply (SMPS). The motivation of this research is to explore new digital control algorithms for SMPS to achieve high dynamic performance control. Two advanced digital control algorithms are summarized in this thesis, and made an introduction and an analysis on digital Peak Voltage-Peak Current (DPV-PC) control algorithm to improve its completion in theory.
DPV-PC control of SMPS combines advantages of Peak Voltage-Peak Current mode control, including overload current protection and robust dynamics, and advantages of digital implementation, such as programmability, flexibility, and scalability. In Continuous Conductive Mode (CCM), DPV-PC control technique with different modulation methods (single-edge and dual-edge modulation) is studied on Buck converter topology. In the digital control loop of switching converter, the time delay for digital operations is inevitable and it is at least one switching cycle. To overcome this time delay, the algorithm called an improved digital Peak Voltage-Peak Current (IDPV-PC) control is presented and comprehensively studied.
Small signal model of Buck converter with DPV-PC control is derived by using state space average method. And the output impedance, line-to-output and control-to-output transfer functions are obtained subsequently. Theoretic analysis and simulation results show that IDPV-PC control technique has a better transient control performance for power switching converter than DPV-PC control technique.
The comparison between the transient behaviors of DPV-PC control and IDPV-PC control is performed by simulation results, from which we conclude that IDPV-PC control has faster transient response speed than DPV-PC control.
引文
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[22]Kelly.A.and Rinne.K.,Sensorless current-mode control of a digital dead-beat DC-DC converter.IEEE Proc.APEC,2004,pp.1790-1795.
[23]K.P.Gokhale,A.Kawamura,R.G.Hoft.Deadbeat microprocessor control of PWM inverter for sinusoidal output waveform synthesis.IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1988,22(3):901-910
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[26]Mattavelli.P.An improved deadbeat control for UPS using disturbance observers.,IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2005,52(1):206-212
[27]Jung Shilh-Liang et al.Discrete Sliding Mode Control of a PWM Inverter for Sinusoidal Output Waveform Synthesis with Optimal Sliding Curve.IEEE Trans.on Power Electronics,1996,11(4):567-576
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