数字单周期控制技术的研究和应用
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摘要
随着人们对于电源的故障管理、运行状态的监测与控制的要求越来越高,而这些需求通过模拟电路是很难实现的,于是在一些要求较高的电源中开始加入了微处理器来实现对电源各种状态信息的采集与处理,并可以和上位机进行通讯,为用户提供电源的实时诊断信息。随着处理芯片性能的飞速提升,使得现在的处理器不仅可以用来实时的监控电源,也有充足的裕量来实现对电源控制环路的程序处理。
单周控制(One Cycle Control,OCC)作为一种新型的控制方式,由于响应快、自适应性强等优点,在各种电路拓扑中得到了广泛地应用。现阶段单周控制基本上都是采用模拟控制的方式,需要通过模拟电路来实现一个可以快速复位的积分器和一个稳定的积分常数。本文针对数字控制自身的特点和优势,采用数字控制的方式来实现单周期控制,从而即可以很方便地实现积分复位和保证控制器的参数不随时间和环境的变化而变化,又可以充分利用数字控制在实时通讯、状态监测等方面的优势。本文首先分析了引入数字控制后对电源产生的影响,并通过仿真进行了分析,最后给出了一些解决方法;然后介绍了单周期控制单相Boost PFC以及单周期控制全桥逆变器的工作原理,给出了数字实现的算法,并通过仿真进行了分析验证;此外在前面分析的基础上分别设计了一台基于DSP控制平台的单周控制单相Boost PFC和一台基于DSP控制平台单周控制全桥逆变器进行实验验证,用实验验证了数字实现单周控制的可行性。
As for the increasingly high demand for the fault management, the operation monitoring and real-time control of power-supply, and these needs is very difficult to achieve through the analog circuit, so in some high lever power the microprocessor is used to realize acquisition and processing of power supply various state information, communication with host computer, and providing real-time diagnostic information for users. With the rapid promotion of the processing chip, the micro-chip is not only used for the real-time monitoring, but also for the realization of the control for the power-supply.
One Cycle Control(OCC) , as a new type of control method, has advantages of quick response and strong adaptability, and has been widely applied in a variety of topologies. At this stage One Cycle Control are based on the analog control, the analog circuits of rapid reset and constant coefficient integrator are need. In this thesis, in connection with the characteristics and advantages of digital control, digital control is used to achieve OCC. Thus, it would be easy to achieve a rapid reset of integrator and a stable constant integrator coefficient. and realize real-time communication and supervision. Firstly, the effects of digital control are analyzed, and the related solutions are provided. Secondly the principle of single-phase Boost PFC controlled by one-cycle control is introduced, and the principle of full-bridge inverter controlled by one-cycle control is discussed. Then the related digital arithmetic are derived and analyzed by simulation. At last a Boost PFC and a full-bridge inverter system controlled by DSP are respectively designed, and validating the digital solution of OCC by the experimental results.
单周控制(One Cycle Control,OCC)作为一种新型的控制方式,由于响应快、自适应性强等优点,在各种电路拓扑中得到了广泛地应用。现阶段单周控制基本上都是采用模拟控制的方式,需要通过模拟电路来实现一个可以快速复位的积分器和一个稳定的积分常数。本文针对数字控制自身的特点和优势,采用数字控制的方式来实现单周期控制,从而即可以很方便地实现积分复位和保证控制器的参数不随时间和环境的变化而变化,又可以充分利用数字控制在实时通讯、状态监测等方面的优势。本文首先分析了引入数字控制后对电源产生的影响,并通过仿真进行了分析,最后给出了一些解决方法;然后介绍了单周期控制单相Boost PFC以及单周期控制全桥逆变器的工作原理,给出了数字实现的算法,并通过仿真进行了分析验证;此外在前面分析的基础上分别设计了一台基于DSP控制平台的单周控制单相Boost PFC和一台基于DSP控制平台单周控制全桥逆变器进行实验验证,用实验验证了数字实现单周控制的可行性。
As for the increasingly high demand for the fault management, the operation monitoring and real-time control of power-supply, and these needs is very difficult to achieve through the analog circuit, so in some high lever power the microprocessor is used to realize acquisition and processing of power supply various state information, communication with host computer, and providing real-time diagnostic information for users. With the rapid promotion of the processing chip, the micro-chip is not only used for the real-time monitoring, but also for the realization of the control for the power-supply.
One Cycle Control(OCC) , as a new type of control method, has advantages of quick response and strong adaptability, and has been widely applied in a variety of topologies. At this stage One Cycle Control are based on the analog control, the analog circuits of rapid reset and constant coefficient integrator are need. In this thesis, in connection with the characteristics and advantages of digital control, digital control is used to achieve OCC. Thus, it would be easy to achieve a rapid reset of integrator and a stable constant integrator coefficient. and realize real-time communication and supervision. Firstly, the effects of digital control are analyzed, and the related solutions are provided. Secondly the principle of single-phase Boost PFC controlled by one-cycle control is introduced, and the principle of full-bridge inverter controlled by one-cycle control is discussed. Then the related digital arithmetic are derived and analyzed by simulation. At last a Boost PFC and a full-bridge inverter system controlled by DSP are respectively designed, and validating the digital solution of OCC by the experimental results.
引文
[1] Zongbo Hu,Bo Zhang,Weihua Deng.Feasibility study on one cycle control for PWM switched converters,Power Electronics Specialists 2004,IEEE 35th Annual,June 2004,vol.5,no.1,pp:3359-3365.
[2]胡宗波,张波,胡少甫等.Boost功率因数校正变换器单周期控制适用性的理论分析和实验验证.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(21):19-23.
[3] Guiotto.E.M,Smedley.K.M.Switching flow-graph nonlinear model of active power filters, Industrial Electronics Society.2003 IECON '03,The 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE,Nov,2003,vol.2,no.1,pp:1067-1073.
[4] Chung-Chieh Fang, Sampled-data modeling and analysis of one-cycle control and charge control,Power Electronics IEEE Transactions on,May 2001,vol.16,no.3,pp:345-350.
[5]李崇坚,韦立详,寿晓强等.用D-d方法分析单周控制CUK电路的动态特性.中国电机工程学报,1999,19(2):31-36.
[6] Guozhu Chen,Smedley.K.M.Steady-state and dynamic study of one-cycle controlled three-phase active power filter.Industry Applications Conference,2003,38th IAS Annual Meeting Conference Record,Oct,2003,vol.2,no.1,pp:1075-1081.
[7] Yong Wang,Songhua Shen.Research on one-cycle control for switching converters Intelligent Control and Automation.2004,WCICA 2004. Fifth World Congress on,June 2004,vol.1,no.1,pp:74-77.
[8] Zheren Lai,Smedley,.K.M.Yunhong Ma, Time quantity one-cycle control for power-factor correctors.Power Electronics,IEEE Transactions on,Mar 1997,vol.12,no.2,pp:369-375.
[9] Guerrero.J.M.,de Vicuna.L.G et al.Integral control technique for single-phase UPS inverter.Industrial Electronics 2002,ISIE 2002,Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on,2002,vol.4,no.1,pp:1043-1048.
[10]胡荣强,姜久春,王健强等.单周数字控制光伏并网逆变器设计.电力电子技术,2008,42(1):30-31.
[11] Yang Chen,Smedley.K.M..A cost-effective single-stage inverter with maximum power point tracking, Power Electronics.IEEE Transactions on,Sept. 2004,vol.19,no.5,pp:1289-1294.
[12]陈凯,吴锦虹.数字电源的特点与发展现状.21IC中国电子网,2007.
[13] Freescale Datasheet.56F800 ADC Rev2.Motorola, Inc, 08/2005.
[14] Peterchev,A.V,Sanders.S.R.Quantization resolution and limit cycling in digitally controlled PWM converters.Power Electronics,IEEE Transactions on,Jan 2003,vol.18,no.1,pp:301-308.
[15] Bill Hutchings,Microchip Technology Inc.实现高可靠的高性能数字电源.电子产品世界,2008.
[16]胡寿松.自动控制原理(第四版).北京:科学出版社,2001.
[17] Jinghai Zhou,Zhengyu Lu,Zhengyu Lin,et al.Novel sampling algorithm for DSP controlled 2 kW PFC converter.Power Electronics,IEEE Transactions on,Mar 2001,vol.16, no.2,pp:217-222.
[18]万蕴杰,周林,张海等.单周控制的发展及应用.高电压技术,2007,33(4):163-169.
[19] Smedley K.M, One-Cycle Control of Switching Converters.IEEE Transaction on PE,Nov 1995,vol 10,pp:625-633.
[20]周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华.开关电源功率因数校正电路设计与应用.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.
[21]赵修科.实用电源技术丛书磁性元器件分册.沈阳:辽宁工业出版社,2002.
[22]丁道宏.电力电子技术(修订版).北京:航空工业出版社,1999.
[23] Freescale Datasheet.DSP56800E Digital Signal Processor Core Reference Manual. Rev.2.0.Motorola,Inc,2001:8-17.
[24] Freescale Datasheet.DSP56F83xx Family 16-Bit Digital Signal Processor Peripheral Manual. Rev. 0.7.Motorola,Inc,2003.
[25] Freescale Datasheet.Understanding 56F800 ADC Specifications and How to Get the Best Performance in Applications.Freescale Semiconductor,Inc,2003.
[26] Freescale Datasheet.Synchronizing the On-Chip Analog-to-Digital Converter on 56F80x Devices. Rev. 1.Freescale Semiconductor,Inc,2005.
[27]俞杨威,金天均,谢文涛等.基于PWM逆变器的LC滤波器.机电工程,2007,24(5):50-52.
[28]谢运祥,蒋麟征.消谐控制逆变器的输出滤波参数分析及设计.华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2004,32(5):1-4.
[29]张占松.蔡宣三,开关电源的原理与设计.北京:电子工业出版社,1998.
[30]昌建军.单相Boost功率因数校正技术研究[硕士学位论文].南京,南京航空航天大学,2005.
[31]李春燕.基于DSP的电源数字控制研究[硕士学位论文].南京,南京航空航天大学,2004.
[32]杨靖.基于DSP的单相功率因数校正数字控制研究[硕士学位论文].南京,南京航空航天大学,2007.
[33]徐坚.单周控制功率因数校正技术研究[硕士学位论文].南京,南京航空航天大学,2008.
[34]谢力华.逆变电源的数字控制技术及其并联控制策略的研究[博士学位论文].西安,西安交通大学,2001.
[35]路秋生.功率因数校正技术与应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[36] Peterchev.A.V,Jinwen Xiao,Sanders.S.R.Architecture and IC implementation of a digital VRM controller.Power Electronics,IEEE Transactions on,vol.18,no.1,pp:356-364,Jan 2003.
[37] Wang.B.DC to AC inverter with improved one cycle control. in Power Electronics and Drive Systems.The Fifth International Conference on 2003.
[38] Sreeraj,E.S.and K.Chatterjee.Power Factor Improvement in One Cycle Controlled Converter. in Industrial Electronics.IEEE International Symposium on 2006.
[39]陈道炼.DC-AC逆变技术及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:259-265.
[40]朱锋,龚春英.单周期控制Boost PFC变换器分析与设计.电力电子技术,2007,41(1):100-102.
[41] Bing Lu,Ron Brown,Marco Soldano.Bridgeless PFC implementation using one cycle control technique.APEC 2005,pp:812-817.
[42]曹广华,胡宗波,张波.单周期控制Boost PFC变换器.电力电子技术,2003,39(3),PP 6-7.
[43]徐坚,龚春英.单周控制单相Boost PFC中积分时间常数的影响.电力电子技术,2008,42(1).
[2]胡宗波,张波,胡少甫等.Boost功率因数校正变换器单周期控制适用性的理论分析和实验验证.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(21):19-23.
[3] Guiotto.E.M,Smedley.K.M.Switching flow-graph nonlinear model of active power filters, Industrial Electronics Society.2003 IECON '03,The 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE,Nov,2003,vol.2,no.1,pp:1067-1073.
[4] Chung-Chieh Fang, Sampled-data modeling and analysis of one-cycle control and charge control,Power Electronics IEEE Transactions on,May 2001,vol.16,no.3,pp:345-350.
[5]李崇坚,韦立详,寿晓强等.用D-d方法分析单周控制CUK电路的动态特性.中国电机工程学报,1999,19(2):31-36.
[6] Guozhu Chen,Smedley.K.M.Steady-state and dynamic study of one-cycle controlled three-phase active power filter.Industry Applications Conference,2003,38th IAS Annual Meeting Conference Record,Oct,2003,vol.2,no.1,pp:1075-1081.
[7] Yong Wang,Songhua Shen.Research on one-cycle control for switching converters Intelligent Control and Automation.2004,WCICA 2004. Fifth World Congress on,June 2004,vol.1,no.1,pp:74-77.
[8] Zheren Lai,Smedley,.K.M.Yunhong Ma, Time quantity one-cycle control for power-factor correctors.Power Electronics,IEEE Transactions on,Mar 1997,vol.12,no.2,pp:369-375.
[9] Guerrero.J.M.,de Vicuna.L.G et al.Integral control technique for single-phase UPS inverter.Industrial Electronics 2002,ISIE 2002,Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on,2002,vol.4,no.1,pp:1043-1048.
[10]胡荣强,姜久春,王健强等.单周数字控制光伏并网逆变器设计.电力电子技术,2008,42(1):30-31.
[11] Yang Chen,Smedley.K.M..A cost-effective single-stage inverter with maximum power point tracking, Power Electronics.IEEE Transactions on,Sept. 2004,vol.19,no.5,pp:1289-1294.
[12]陈凯,吴锦虹.数字电源的特点与发展现状.21IC中国电子网,2007.
[13] Freescale Datasheet.56F800 ADC Rev2.Motorola, Inc, 08/2005.
[14] Peterchev,A.V,Sanders.S.R.Quantization resolution and limit cycling in digitally controlled PWM converters.Power Electronics,IEEE Transactions on,Jan 2003,vol.18,no.1,pp:301-308.
[15] Bill Hutchings,Microchip Technology Inc.实现高可靠的高性能数字电源.电子产品世界,2008.
[16]胡寿松.自动控制原理(第四版).北京:科学出版社,2001.
[17] Jinghai Zhou,Zhengyu Lu,Zhengyu Lin,et al.Novel sampling algorithm for DSP controlled 2 kW PFC converter.Power Electronics,IEEE Transactions on,Mar 2001,vol.16, no.2,pp:217-222.
[18]万蕴杰,周林,张海等.单周控制的发展及应用.高电压技术,2007,33(4):163-169.
[19] Smedley K.M, One-Cycle Control of Switching Converters.IEEE Transaction on PE,Nov 1995,vol 10,pp:625-633.
[20]周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华.开关电源功率因数校正电路设计与应用.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.
[21]赵修科.实用电源技术丛书磁性元器件分册.沈阳:辽宁工业出版社,2002.
[22]丁道宏.电力电子技术(修订版).北京:航空工业出版社,1999.
[23] Freescale Datasheet.DSP56800E Digital Signal Processor Core Reference Manual. Rev.2.0.Motorola,Inc,2001:8-17.
[24] Freescale Datasheet.DSP56F83xx Family 16-Bit Digital Signal Processor Peripheral Manual. Rev. 0.7.Motorola,Inc,2003.
[25] Freescale Datasheet.Understanding 56F800 ADC Specifications and How to Get the Best Performance in Applications.Freescale Semiconductor,Inc,2003.
[26] Freescale Datasheet.Synchronizing the On-Chip Analog-to-Digital Converter on 56F80x Devices. Rev. 1.Freescale Semiconductor,Inc,2005.
[27]俞杨威,金天均,谢文涛等.基于PWM逆变器的LC滤波器.机电工程,2007,24(5):50-52.
[28]谢运祥,蒋麟征.消谐控制逆变器的输出滤波参数分析及设计.华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2004,32(5):1-4.
[29]张占松.蔡宣三,开关电源的原理与设计.北京:电子工业出版社,1998.
[30]昌建军.单相Boost功率因数校正技术研究[硕士学位论文].南京,南京航空航天大学,2005.
[31]李春燕.基于DSP的电源数字控制研究[硕士学位论文].南京,南京航空航天大学,2004.
[32]杨靖.基于DSP的单相功率因数校正数字控制研究[硕士学位论文].南京,南京航空航天大学,2007.
[33]徐坚.单周控制功率因数校正技术研究[硕士学位论文].南京,南京航空航天大学,2008.
[34]谢力华.逆变电源的数字控制技术及其并联控制策略的研究[博士学位论文].西安,西安交通大学,2001.
[35]路秋生.功率因数校正技术与应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[36] Peterchev.A.V,Jinwen Xiao,Sanders.S.R.Architecture and IC implementation of a digital VRM controller.Power Electronics,IEEE Transactions on,vol.18,no.1,pp:356-364,Jan 2003.
[37] Wang.B.DC to AC inverter with improved one cycle control. in Power Electronics and Drive Systems.The Fifth International Conference on 2003.
[38] Sreeraj,E.S.and K.Chatterjee.Power Factor Improvement in One Cycle Controlled Converter. in Industrial Electronics.IEEE International Symposium on 2006.
[39]陈道炼.DC-AC逆变技术及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:259-265.
[40]朱锋,龚春英.单周期控制Boost PFC变换器分析与设计.电力电子技术,2007,41(1):100-102.
[41] Bing Lu,Ron Brown,Marco Soldano.Bridgeless PFC implementation using one cycle control technique.APEC 2005,pp:812-817.
[42]曹广华,胡宗波,张波.单周期控制Boost PFC变换器.电力电子技术,2003,39(3),PP 6-7.
[43]徐坚,龚春英.单周控制单相Boost PFC中积分时间常数的影响.电力电子技术,2008,42(1).