种业供应链运营研究
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摘要
“国以农为本,农以种为先”,形象地概括了种业之于国家和国民经济的重要地位和作用。种子产业,简称种业,是将传统农业的品种选育、种子生产、加工、包装、储运以及种子营销转化成工业化管理的现代农业的重要组成部分。农作物种子是农业生产最基本、最重要的生产资料,是农业科技的重要载体。种子产业是农业最重要的基础产业,掌握着农业竞争的主动权。
目前,国际上大多将种业研究纳入农业研究之中,国内学者对于种业的关注多从种子产业的宏观视角或从种业企业的微观视角加以研究,而从种业供应链的中观视角所进行的研究几乎还是空白。本论文将现代供应链管理思想与中国种业现实相结合,从种业运营模式多元化的基本思想出发,提出一种有利于中国种业发展的新型运营模式。以种业供应链四纬度结构模型为基础,应用系统论、控制论、电子商务理论等多学科理论,对种业供应链进行管理与控制,为推动种业育、繁、推、销的一体化献计献策。
本论文从定性与定量两方面对种业供应链运营的相关内容进行分析与研究,主要做了以下工作：
第2章种业供应链的结构模型,以前人已有的供应链结构模型研究成果为基础,结合种业供应链的特征,提出种业供应链四维度结构模型。对模型的构建、分析方法进行阐述,并结合实例对种业供应链四维度结构模型的实施策略进行探讨。
第3章种业供应链的运营模式,对中国现有的种业运营模式进行总结,提出中国种业运营的创新战略,应用模糊递阶大系统理论,结合种业运营的创新战略,提出一类有利于中国种业发展的供应链运营模式：基于模糊多级递阶大系统模型的种业供应链运营模式。
第4章种业供应链协调决策层的运营管控,对SCOR模型的绩效评价作简要介绍并给出种业供应链的主要绩效评价指标,应用模糊定性综合评价法对种业供应链运营能力进行评价。应用无模型控制理论,研究种业供应链的风险管控。
第5章种业供应链递阶层自适应协调控制,简要介绍了种业供应链自适应协调控制的模型基础：供应链的驱动模式、客户生命周期模型以及自适应协调控制模型。界定种业供应链的驱动模式是一种用户需求拉动与新品研发推动的推—拉模式,并应用自适应协调控制理论,对种业供应链协调层的参数进行辨识,并对递阶层子系统的协调控制进行研究。
第6章种业供应链运营层的管控,依据种业流程对商品种子的新品研发子系统、商品种子生产繁育与加工子系统、商品种子营销子系统的系统特征进行定性描述,并应用最优控制、自适应控制等控制理论与方法对其运营管控进行研究,提供实用的管控模型。
第7章种业供应链的信息整合,分析种业供应链的运营及其信息整合之间的关系,应用层次分析法、问卷调查法和PRA用户参与评价法对中国种子消费者特征及其信息需求进行实证研究。构建了种业供应链信息整合能力测度指标体系并给出了实例。对中国种业供应链信息整合环境进行分析并给出相应的信息整合对策。
本论文的主要创新点如下：
1.种业供应链四维度结构模型
构建了种业供应链运营研究的基础——种业供应链四维度结构模型,使研究对象存在于一个可控制易描述的研究环境之中。在主体、客体及流程三维之外,加入种业运营所特有的运营层次维度,兼顾了种业运营的共性与特性。
2.基于模糊多级递阶大系统模型的种业供应链运营及其管控
在总结中国现有种业运营模式的基础上提出了中国种业运营的创新战略,基于此创新战略,本着种业运营模式多元化发展的基本思想,提出了一类基于模糊多级递阶大系统模型的种业供应链运营模式,并对该运营模式的三个层次进行了较深入的研究。这类运营模式的提出对种业的整体优化与种业供应链的协调运营可起到一定的指导作用；作为一种管控手段,具有较强的可操作性。
3.种业供应链的信息整合分析与对策
创新之处主要有：其一,对中国种子消费者特征及其信息需求进行了实证研究,应用层次分析法、问卷调查法、PRA用户参与评价法等方法获取中国种子消费者特征资料,并分析其信息需求,为中国种业供应链用户需求拉动的运营策略实施提供实证基础；其二,对种业供应链信息整合能力的测度研究,构建了种业供应链信息整合能力测度指标体系并通过实例加以应用,为种业供应链信息整合策略的实施提供指导依据。
Seed is not only the most fundamental and important agricultural capital goods but a significant carrier of agricultural science and technology. Seed industry is the most important basis for the modern agricultural industry. Seed industry includes the whole process from genetic selection, seed production, seed processing, seed packaging, seed storage, seed transportation to seed distribution.
Most papers researched on seed industry from the view of seed industrial chain or from the view of seed enterprises, the dissertation researched on seed industry from the view of seed industry supply chain, which also considered the fact in China. As a result, the dissertation brought forward a new operating mode in favor of seed industry. The dissertation summarized the researches on seed industry. In order to give some new view of seed industry to promote its development, the dissertation used system theory, control theory and electronic business theory to study on the problem.All the studies were all based on the four-dimensional structured model of seed industry supply chain.
The author has made qualitative and quantitative research on the main issues of the operating of seed industry supply chain. The dissertation has discussed the following issues:
Chapter 2:The structural model of seed industry supply chain, according to the characteristics of seed industry supply chain, a four-dimensional structural model was established which was based on the previous studied results. In this chapter, the author not only researched on the construction, analysis methods, but also described the stategy of the model with examples. The author built four-dimensional structural model as the research framework for the following chapters.
Chapter 3:The operating mode of seed industry supply chain, the dissertation analyzed the existing operating mode in China. The author used the fuzzy multi-level hierarchical large-scale system theory, brought forward a new operating mode:the operating mode based on fuzzy multi-level hierarchical large-scale system.
Chapter 4:The management&control of seed industry supply chain coordination decision-making level. The author gave a brief description of performance evaluation of the SCOR model. And then the operating ability of seed industry supply chain was measured by use of the qualitative fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The dissertation also discussed how to management seed industry supply chain risks using of no model self-adaptive control theory.
Chapter 5:The self-adaptive control of middle level based on seed customers' demand pulling and R&D pushing. In this chapter, some basis models were introduced:the driven mode of SC, the customer life cycle model and the self-adaptive control model. On the base of these three models, the dissertation put forward the driven mode of seed industry supply chain. The driven mode was the driven mode based on seed customers'demand pulling and R&D pushing. At last, the dissertation researched on the parameters identification, parameters prediction and the middle level of SC coordination management.
Chapter 6:The management&control of seed industry supply chain operating level. In this chapter, the dissertation researched on the subsystem of seed industry supply chain respectively. These subsystems are:the seed R&D system, the seed production and processing system and the seed distribution system.
Chapter 7:The information integration of seed industry supply chain, firstly, the dissertation analyzed the relationship between the operating and the information integration of seed industry supply chain. Secondly, the author studied the characteristics of seed customers in China and their information demands by using of AHP and empirical research etc. Thirdly, the author studied on the measure of information integration ablity of seed industry supply chain.The author analyzed the environment of seed industry supply chain information integration and gave some methods of the problem.
The main innovations of the dissertation are as follows:
1. Four-dimensional structured model of seed industry supply chain
The author constructed four-dimensional structured model of seed industry supply chain on which was the base of seed industry supply chain operating mode. The model made the research object exited in a controlled and easy descriptive environment. There were three-dimensional:the main body, the object and processes. The author added the forth dimensional that is the degree of SC operating. The author not only considered the common characteristics but considered the specific characteristics of the seed industry.
2. The operating mode based on fuzzy multi-level hierarchical large-scale system and its management&control
The dissertation presented the operating mode of seed industry supply chain based on fuzzy multi-level hierarchical large-scale system. And the author gave deep research on the three levels of the mode. The proposal model not only optimized the seed industry coordination operation, but played a guiding role in the operation as a means of control. The study result provided a simple and practical tool for the integration implementation of seed industry supply chain in China.
3. The information integration method of seed industry supply chain
The end customers of seed industry supply chain in China were unique. The author used of customer relationship management theories and used of PRA evaluation method and fuzzy comprehensive method made the qualitative indicators into quantitative indicators. The author measured the information integration ablity of seed industry supply chain.
目前,国际上大多将种业研究纳入农业研究之中,国内学者对于种业的关注多从种子产业的宏观视角或从种业企业的微观视角加以研究,而从种业供应链的中观视角所进行的研究几乎还是空白。本论文将现代供应链管理思想与中国种业现实相结合,从种业运营模式多元化的基本思想出发,提出一种有利于中国种业发展的新型运营模式。以种业供应链四纬度结构模型为基础,应用系统论、控制论、电子商务理论等多学科理论,对种业供应链进行管理与控制,为推动种业育、繁、推、销的一体化献计献策。
本论文从定性与定量两方面对种业供应链运营的相关内容进行分析与研究,主要做了以下工作：
第2章种业供应链的结构模型,以前人已有的供应链结构模型研究成果为基础,结合种业供应链的特征,提出种业供应链四维度结构模型。对模型的构建、分析方法进行阐述,并结合实例对种业供应链四维度结构模型的实施策略进行探讨。
第3章种业供应链的运营模式,对中国现有的种业运营模式进行总结,提出中国种业运营的创新战略,应用模糊递阶大系统理论,结合种业运营的创新战略,提出一类有利于中国种业发展的供应链运营模式：基于模糊多级递阶大系统模型的种业供应链运营模式。
第4章种业供应链协调决策层的运营管控,对SCOR模型的绩效评价作简要介绍并给出种业供应链的主要绩效评价指标,应用模糊定性综合评价法对种业供应链运营能力进行评价。应用无模型控制理论,研究种业供应链的风险管控。
第5章种业供应链递阶层自适应协调控制,简要介绍了种业供应链自适应协调控制的模型基础：供应链的驱动模式、客户生命周期模型以及自适应协调控制模型。界定种业供应链的驱动模式是一种用户需求拉动与新品研发推动的推—拉模式,并应用自适应协调控制理论,对种业供应链协调层的参数进行辨识,并对递阶层子系统的协调控制进行研究。
第6章种业供应链运营层的管控,依据种业流程对商品种子的新品研发子系统、商品种子生产繁育与加工子系统、商品种子营销子系统的系统特征进行定性描述,并应用最优控制、自适应控制等控制理论与方法对其运营管控进行研究,提供实用的管控模型。
第7章种业供应链的信息整合,分析种业供应链的运营及其信息整合之间的关系,应用层次分析法、问卷调查法和PRA用户参与评价法对中国种子消费者特征及其信息需求进行实证研究。构建了种业供应链信息整合能力测度指标体系并给出了实例。对中国种业供应链信息整合环境进行分析并给出相应的信息整合对策。
本论文的主要创新点如下：
1.种业供应链四维度结构模型
构建了种业供应链运营研究的基础——种业供应链四维度结构模型,使研究对象存在于一个可控制易描述的研究环境之中。在主体、客体及流程三维之外,加入种业运营所特有的运营层次维度,兼顾了种业运营的共性与特性。
2.基于模糊多级递阶大系统模型的种业供应链运营及其管控
在总结中国现有种业运营模式的基础上提出了中国种业运营的创新战略,基于此创新战略,本着种业运营模式多元化发展的基本思想,提出了一类基于模糊多级递阶大系统模型的种业供应链运营模式,并对该运营模式的三个层次进行了较深入的研究。这类运营模式的提出对种业的整体优化与种业供应链的协调运营可起到一定的指导作用；作为一种管控手段,具有较强的可操作性。
3.种业供应链的信息整合分析与对策
创新之处主要有：其一,对中国种子消费者特征及其信息需求进行了实证研究,应用层次分析法、问卷调查法、PRA用户参与评价法等方法获取中国种子消费者特征资料,并分析其信息需求,为中国种业供应链用户需求拉动的运营策略实施提供实证基础；其二,对种业供应链信息整合能力的测度研究,构建了种业供应链信息整合能力测度指标体系并通过实例加以应用,为种业供应链信息整合策略的实施提供指导依据。
Seed is not only the most fundamental and important agricultural capital goods but a significant carrier of agricultural science and technology. Seed industry is the most important basis for the modern agricultural industry. Seed industry includes the whole process from genetic selection, seed production, seed processing, seed packaging, seed storage, seed transportation to seed distribution.
Most papers researched on seed industry from the view of seed industrial chain or from the view of seed enterprises, the dissertation researched on seed industry from the view of seed industry supply chain, which also considered the fact in China. As a result, the dissertation brought forward a new operating mode in favor of seed industry. The dissertation summarized the researches on seed industry. In order to give some new view of seed industry to promote its development, the dissertation used system theory, control theory and electronic business theory to study on the problem.All the studies were all based on the four-dimensional structured model of seed industry supply chain.
The author has made qualitative and quantitative research on the main issues of the operating of seed industry supply chain. The dissertation has discussed the following issues:
Chapter 2:The structural model of seed industry supply chain, according to the characteristics of seed industry supply chain, a four-dimensional structural model was established which was based on the previous studied results. In this chapter, the author not only researched on the construction, analysis methods, but also described the stategy of the model with examples. The author built four-dimensional structural model as the research framework for the following chapters.
Chapter 3:The operating mode of seed industry supply chain, the dissertation analyzed the existing operating mode in China. The author used the fuzzy multi-level hierarchical large-scale system theory, brought forward a new operating mode:the operating mode based on fuzzy multi-level hierarchical large-scale system.
Chapter 4:The management&control of seed industry supply chain coordination decision-making level. The author gave a brief description of performance evaluation of the SCOR model. And then the operating ability of seed industry supply chain was measured by use of the qualitative fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The dissertation also discussed how to management seed industry supply chain risks using of no model self-adaptive control theory.
Chapter 5:The self-adaptive control of middle level based on seed customers' demand pulling and R&D pushing. In this chapter, some basis models were introduced:the driven mode of SC, the customer life cycle model and the self-adaptive control model. On the base of these three models, the dissertation put forward the driven mode of seed industry supply chain. The driven mode was the driven mode based on seed customers'demand pulling and R&D pushing. At last, the dissertation researched on the parameters identification, parameters prediction and the middle level of SC coordination management.
Chapter 6:The management&control of seed industry supply chain operating level. In this chapter, the dissertation researched on the subsystem of seed industry supply chain respectively. These subsystems are:the seed R&D system, the seed production and processing system and the seed distribution system.
Chapter 7:The information integration of seed industry supply chain, firstly, the dissertation analyzed the relationship between the operating and the information integration of seed industry supply chain. Secondly, the author studied the characteristics of seed customers in China and their information demands by using of AHP and empirical research etc. Thirdly, the author studied on the measure of information integration ablity of seed industry supply chain.The author analyzed the environment of seed industry supply chain information integration and gave some methods of the problem.
The main innovations of the dissertation are as follows:
1. Four-dimensional structured model of seed industry supply chain
The author constructed four-dimensional structured model of seed industry supply chain on which was the base of seed industry supply chain operating mode. The model made the research object exited in a controlled and easy descriptive environment. There were three-dimensional:the main body, the object and processes. The author added the forth dimensional that is the degree of SC operating. The author not only considered the common characteristics but considered the specific characteristics of the seed industry.
2. The operating mode based on fuzzy multi-level hierarchical large-scale system and its management&control
The dissertation presented the operating mode of seed industry supply chain based on fuzzy multi-level hierarchical large-scale system. And the author gave deep research on the three levels of the mode. The proposal model not only optimized the seed industry coordination operation, but played a guiding role in the operation as a means of control. The study result provided a simple and practical tool for the integration implementation of seed industry supply chain in China.
3. The information integration method of seed industry supply chain
The end customers of seed industry supply chain in China were unique. The author used of customer relationship management theories and used of PRA evaluation method and fuzzy comprehensive method made the qualitative indicators into quantitative indicators. The author measured the information integration ablity of seed industry supply chain.
引文
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