基于模糊自适应PI闭环控制的太阳能并网发电系统的研究
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摘要
随着化石能源消耗的不断增长和地球生态环境的日益恶化,世界各国都在积极寻找一种可持续发展且对生态环境无污染的新能源。太阳能作为一种高效无污染的新能源,已成为了当今能源结构中一个重要的组成部分。光伏并网发电技术已成为太阳能光电应用的主流。本论文以光伏并网发电系统为研究对象,对其进行了详细的分析和研究。
首先,本文介绍了课题的研究背景、研究意义、光伏发电的现状与发展情况。并提出了保证光伏并网发电系统正常运行所需的关键技术问题。
其次,根据太阳能电池的工作原理分析其工作特性并建立数学模型。逐章对光伏并网发电系统的各种关键技术问题进行了详细的分析与研究,提出具有针对性的解决方案。介绍了最大功率点跟踪原理以及目前常用的几种跟踪方法,通过对这几种常用控制方法的研究对比找出其运行中存在的优缺点,提出了基于模糊／PID双模态的MPPT跟踪方法。对光伏并网发电系统的孤岛检测问题进行了较为深入的理论分析和研究,提出基于周期性双向扰动正反馈有源频率漂移法的孤岛主动检测方法,以提高电力终端电网的安全性和供电的可靠性。
最后,提出了基于模糊自适应PI闭环控制的太阳能单相光伏并网发电系统设计方案,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真平台进行了系统的动态仿真,验证了设计方案的可行性。设计了基于TMS320F2812 DSP芯片的单相并网控制系统的硬件电路,开发了相应的系统软件,为大型地面式太阳能光伏并网发电系统设计提供了实验平台。
With the continued growth of fossil energy consumption and the deteriorating global environment, countries in the world are actively looking for a sustainable development and ecological environment clean new energy. Solar as a new energy efficient non-polluting, energy structure has become today an important part. Photovoltaic solar power technology has become a mainstream application. In this thesis, photovoltaic power generation system as research object, a detailed analysis and research.
First, the article describes the subject of research background, research significance, photovoltaic power generation status and development. And proposed PV power system to ensure normal operation of the key technical issues required.
Secondly, according to the working principle of solar cell analysis the working characteristics and mathematical model. Chapter by chapter on photovoltaic power generation system, a variety of key technology issues detailed analysis and research, propose targeted solutions. Introduced the principle of maximum power point tracking as well as several tracking methods currently used by several commonly used control methods in this study compared to identify the advantages and shortcomings of its operation, based on fuzzy/PID Bimodal the Maximum Power Point Tracking. Photovoltaic power generation system on the island of detection for a more in-depth analysis and research, made periodic two-way disturbance of positive feedback on the active frequency drift method of islanding detection methods initiative to improve the security of the power terminal network and supply reliability.
Finally, based on fuzzy adaptive PI closed loop control of single phase photovoltaic solar power system design using matlab/simulink simulation platform for the system dynamic simulation, verification of the design is feasible. Designed based on TMS320F2812 DSP chip single-phase grid control system hardware, system software was developed accordingly, as large-scale industrial application of solar photovoltaic power generation system designed to provide an experimental platform.
首先,本文介绍了课题的研究背景、研究意义、光伏发电的现状与发展情况。并提出了保证光伏并网发电系统正常运行所需的关键技术问题。
其次,根据太阳能电池的工作原理分析其工作特性并建立数学模型。逐章对光伏并网发电系统的各种关键技术问题进行了详细的分析与研究,提出具有针对性的解决方案。介绍了最大功率点跟踪原理以及目前常用的几种跟踪方法,通过对这几种常用控制方法的研究对比找出其运行中存在的优缺点,提出了基于模糊／PID双模态的MPPT跟踪方法。对光伏并网发电系统的孤岛检测问题进行了较为深入的理论分析和研究,提出基于周期性双向扰动正反馈有源频率漂移法的孤岛主动检测方法,以提高电力终端电网的安全性和供电的可靠性。
最后,提出了基于模糊自适应PI闭环控制的太阳能单相光伏并网发电系统设计方案,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真平台进行了系统的动态仿真,验证了设计方案的可行性。设计了基于TMS320F2812 DSP芯片的单相并网控制系统的硬件电路,开发了相应的系统软件,为大型地面式太阳能光伏并网发电系统设计提供了实验平台。
With the continued growth of fossil energy consumption and the deteriorating global environment, countries in the world are actively looking for a sustainable development and ecological environment clean new energy. Solar as a new energy efficient non-polluting, energy structure has become today an important part. Photovoltaic solar power technology has become a mainstream application. In this thesis, photovoltaic power generation system as research object, a detailed analysis and research.
First, the article describes the subject of research background, research significance, photovoltaic power generation status and development. And proposed PV power system to ensure normal operation of the key technical issues required.
Secondly, according to the working principle of solar cell analysis the working characteristics and mathematical model. Chapter by chapter on photovoltaic power generation system, a variety of key technology issues detailed analysis and research, propose targeted solutions. Introduced the principle of maximum power point tracking as well as several tracking methods currently used by several commonly used control methods in this study compared to identify the advantages and shortcomings of its operation, based on fuzzy/PID Bimodal the Maximum Power Point Tracking. Photovoltaic power generation system on the island of detection for a more in-depth analysis and research, made periodic two-way disturbance of positive feedback on the active frequency drift method of islanding detection methods initiative to improve the security of the power terminal network and supply reliability.
Finally, based on fuzzy adaptive PI closed loop control of single phase photovoltaic solar power system design using matlab/simulink simulation platform for the system dynamic simulation, verification of the design is feasible. Designed based on TMS320F2812 DSP chip single-phase grid control system hardware, system software was developed accordingly, as large-scale industrial application of solar photovoltaic power generation system designed to provide an experimental platform.
引文
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[2]M.Oliver, T.Jackson. Energy and Economic Evaluation of Building-integrated Photovoltaics.Energy,2001 (26):431-439.
[3]杨金焕,于化丛,葛亮编著。太阳能光伏发电应用技术。北京：电子工业出版社,2009.1.
[4]崔容强,赵春江,吴达成编著。并网型太阳能光伏发电系统。北京：化学工业出版社,2007.7.
[5]日本太阳能学会编；宋永臣,宁亚东,刘瑜译。太阳能利用新技术[M],北京：科学出版社,2009.
[6]徐进,王德仁。停电凸显能源危机困境中寻找新能源[EB/OL],2003:12-23
[7]赵玉文,吴达成,王斯成等编。中国光伏产业发展研究报告。2006-2007。
[8]张源。国外光伏技术现状及发展[J],新能源,2003,15(8)1-2.
[9]赵玉文。我国太阳能光伏发电产业趋势探讨[J],光伏技术专栏,2004(4)：26-29。
[10]裴郁。我国可再生能源发展战略研究[D],辽宁：辽宁师范大学,2004,5.
[11]Krauter. S. Solar Electric Power Generation-Photovoltaic Energy Systems.2006: 35-40.
[12]IEEE Recommended Practice for Utility Interface of Photovoltaic (PV) Systems[S],2000.
[13]沈辉,曾祖勤。太阳能光伏发电技术[M],北京：化学工业出版社,2005,30-31；64-65。
[14]K. Irisawa, T. Saito Maximum Power Point Tracking Control of Photovoltaic Generation System under Non-uniform Insolation by means of Monitoring Cells.in Conf. Record 28th IEEE Photovoltaic Spec.Conf..2000:1707～1710.
[15]苏建徽,余世杰,赵为等。硅太阳电池工程用数学模型。太阳能学报,2001。
[16]雷元超,陈春根,沈骏等。光伏电源最大功率点跟踪控制方法研究。电工电能新技术,2004。
[17]M.G Jabooi, M. M.Saied and A.A.Hanafy. Acontribution to the simulation and design optimization of photovoltaic systems, IEEE, Trans Energy Conv,1998(6): 401-406
[18]惠晶,方光辉等编著。新能源转换与控制技术。北京：机械工业出版社,2008.2 144-148]
[19]王环,金新民。光伏并网逆变最大功率点的跟踪控制。电子产品世界,2004.2／下半月。18-21。
[20]K D Maheshappa, J Nagaraju, M Krishna Murthy. An Improved Maximum Power Point Tracker Using a Step-up Converter with Current Locked Loop, Renewable Energy,1998,13(2):195-201.
[21]Senjyu T., Uezato K. Maximum Power Point tracker using fuzzy control for Photovoltaic arrays[C].Industrial Technology,1994. Proeeedings of the IEEE International Conference on 1994:143-147.
[22]叶秋香。光伏电池最大功率跟踪器的模糊控制及其应用研究[D]。上海：东华大学,2006。
[23]Koutroulis E, Kalaitzkls K, Voulgaris C.Development of micro controller-based, photoltaic maximum power point tracking control system [J]. IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics.200.16(1):46-54.
[24]Xiao Weidong, Dunford W G. A modified adaptive hill climbing MPPT method for photovoltaie power systems[c] 35th Annum IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Aachen, Germany:IEEE.2004:1957-1963.
[25]石辛民,郝整清编著。模糊控制及其MATLAB仿真,北京：清华大学出版社；北京交通大学出版社,2008.2。
[26]IEEE Recommended Practice for Utility Interface of Photovoltaic (PV) Systems[S],2000.
[27]郑诗程,丁明,苏建徽。光伏发电系统及其孤岛效应的仿真与实验研究.系统仿真学报[J],2005,17(12)：3085-3088
[28]Hudson R.M., Thorne T., Mekanik F.et al. Implementation and testing of anti-islanding algorithms for IEEE929-2000 compliance of single phase Photovoltaic inverters[C].Photovoltaic Specialists Conference,2002.Conference Record of the Twenty-Ninth IEEE,2002:1414-1419.
[29]Woyte A., Belmans R., Nijs J.Testing the islanding Protection function of Photovoltaic inverters. Energy Conversion, IEEE Transactions on [J],2003,18(1): 157-162.
[30]Jun Yin, Liuchen Chang, Diduch C. Recent developments in islanding detection for distributed Power generation[C]. Power Engineering,2004. LESCOPE-04.2004 Large Engineering systems Conference on,2004:124-128.
[31]Guo-Kiang Hung, Chih-Chang Chang, Chern-Lin Chen.Automatic Phase-shift method for islanding detection of grid-connected Photovoltaic inverters. Energy Conversion IEEE Transactions on [J],2003:169-173.
[32]Jeong J.B. Kim H. J. Active anti-islanding method for PV system using reactive Power control. Electronics Letters[J],2006:1004-1005.
[33]Tunlasakun K., Kirtikara K., ThePa S.et al. A microcontroller based islanding detection for grid connected inverter[C]. Circuits and Systems,2004.MWSCAS' 04.The 200447th Midwest Sym Posium on,2004
[34]Ropp M. E., Begovic M., Rohatgi A. Analysis and Performance assessment of the active frequency drift ethod of islanding Prevention. Energy Conversion, IEEE Transactions on [J],1999,14(3):810-816.
[35]Roppm.E., Begovie M., Rohatgi A.Analysis and Performance assessment of the active frequency drift ethod of islanding prevention.Energy Conversion, IEEE Transactions on[J],1999,14(3):810-816.
[36]Gwon-jong Yu, Jeong-Hoon So, Young-Seok Junget al.Boundary conditions of reactive-power-variation method and active-frequeney-drift method for islanding detection of grid-connected photovoltaic inverters[C] Photovoltaic Specialists Conference,2005.Conference Record of the Thirty-first IEEE,2005:1785-1787.
[37]赵为。太阳能光伏并网发电系统的研究[D]。合肥：合肥工业大学,2003,2
[38]张超。光伏并网发电系统MPPT及孤岛检测新技术得研究。浙江：浙江大学,2006.9,67-68
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