一种特殊球形输出光纤的研制
|
摘要
自20世纪70年代初美国康宁公司成功地研制出世界上第一根实用化石英光纤以来,以光纤为媒介的光纤通信以及由此派生出来的光纤传输技术得到了飞速的发展。近年来,随着光纤传输技术的研究不断深入,其特性及其应用愈来愈受到重视,尤其在医疗、测量及装饰方面的应用受到人们的关注。
本论文通过对国内外各种光纤技术的调研和比较,针对目前光纤医学中所用的球形输出光纤出光不够均匀,大大影响了它的医疗效果。本文在本实验室现有条件的基础上,设计研制了一种特殊球形光纤,具有一定的现实意义和应用价值。
本论文的主要内容如下:
1.分析了光在光纤中传输的基本理论和光纤技术的特点,对光纤技术和光纤传输理论进行了详细的阐述。
2.分析了光纤传输特性,并着重指出了损耗和色散是影响光纤传输的主要性能指标,损耗限制系统的传输距离,色散则限制系统的传输容量。
3.设计研制了一种特殊球形输出光纤,实验中采用大芯径石英光纤,利用光纤熔接机对石英光纤端面进行熔球,在圆球形端面上均匀涂上光散射体,对所得的球形端面再次进行熔球,从而得到所需要的输出光纤。
4.设计了测试系统,并对研制的球形输出光纤进行测试,实验证明,所研制的球形输出光纤各个角度出光均匀,其中球形输出光纤侧面输出功率比原来提高了约5倍,能够满足光纤医学的需要。
Since the Corning company of USA has succeed in developing the first practical silicon optical fiber in the world at the beginning of the seventies of the 20th century, the optical fiber communication taking optical fiber as media and optical fiber transmission technology has been fast developed. In recent years, as the research of the transmission technology of optical fiber is being deepened constantly, its characteristics and using has been paid attention to by the people, especially in the medical treatment, application of respect of measuring and decorating.
Through surveying and studying and comparing on domestic and international and of different optical fiber technology, the spherical-glowing optical fiber is not enough in luminance in medicine at the present, and it has influenced its medical result greatly. On the basis of existing condition, this laboratory develops a study of specially spherical-glowing optical fiber. So this way has some realistic meaning and research value. The main content of this text is as follows:
1. The basic theory and optical fiber technology transmission in the optical fiber are detail discussed.
2. The characteristics of the optical fiber transmission theory are offered, and pointing out emphatically the loss and the chromatic dispersion is the main performance indexes which influence the optical fiber transmission. The loss limits the distance of the optical fiber transmission systematic, The chromatic dispersion limits the capacity of systematic transmission.
3. A new study of specially spherical-glowing optical fiber is present in this paper, A large core silica optical fiber is melt the ball and is spread all scattering body evenly on the round spherical terminal surface, which is melt the ball to the spherical terminal surface again, thus getting the output optical fiber needed.
4. Designing the system of testing the specially spherical-glowing optical fiber.
本论文通过对国内外各种光纤技术的调研和比较,针对目前光纤医学中所用的球形输出光纤出光不够均匀,大大影响了它的医疗效果。本文在本实验室现有条件的基础上,设计研制了一种特殊球形光纤,具有一定的现实意义和应用价值。
本论文的主要内容如下:
1.分析了光在光纤中传输的基本理论和光纤技术的特点,对光纤技术和光纤传输理论进行了详细的阐述。
2.分析了光纤传输特性,并着重指出了损耗和色散是影响光纤传输的主要性能指标,损耗限制系统的传输距离,色散则限制系统的传输容量。
3.设计研制了一种特殊球形输出光纤,实验中采用大芯径石英光纤,利用光纤熔接机对石英光纤端面进行熔球,在圆球形端面上均匀涂上光散射体,对所得的球形端面再次进行熔球,从而得到所需要的输出光纤。
4.设计了测试系统,并对研制的球形输出光纤进行测试,实验证明,所研制的球形输出光纤各个角度出光均匀,其中球形输出光纤侧面输出功率比原来提高了约5倍,能够满足光纤医学的需要。
Since the Corning company of USA has succeed in developing the first practical silicon optical fiber in the world at the beginning of the seventies of the 20th century, the optical fiber communication taking optical fiber as media and optical fiber transmission technology has been fast developed. In recent years, as the research of the transmission technology of optical fiber is being deepened constantly, its characteristics and using has been paid attention to by the people, especially in the medical treatment, application of respect of measuring and decorating.
Through surveying and studying and comparing on domestic and international and of different optical fiber technology, the spherical-glowing optical fiber is not enough in luminance in medicine at the present, and it has influenced its medical result greatly. On the basis of existing condition, this laboratory develops a study of specially spherical-glowing optical fiber. So this way has some realistic meaning and research value. The main content of this text is as follows:
1. The basic theory and optical fiber technology transmission in the optical fiber are detail discussed.
2. The characteristics of the optical fiber transmission theory are offered, and pointing out emphatically the loss and the chromatic dispersion is the main performance indexes which influence the optical fiber transmission. The loss limits the distance of the optical fiber transmission systematic, The chromatic dispersion limits the capacity of systematic transmission.
3. A new study of specially spherical-glowing optical fiber is present in this paper, A large core silica optical fiber is melt the ball and is spread all scattering body evenly on the round spherical terminal surface, which is melt the ball to the spherical terminal surface again, thus getting the output optical fiber needed.
4. Designing the system of testing the specially spherical-glowing optical fiber.
引文
[1]刘增益,周洋溢,胡辽林等.光纤通信[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2001:1-12
[2][日]根本俊雄.光导纤维及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1983:92-93
[3] A. G Bell, Apparatus for Sgalliing and Communications called Photophone, Nature, 1980,9:11-15
[4] Shao-Yun Fu, and Bernd Lauke. Comparison of the stress transfer in single- and multi-fiber composite pull-out tests. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology,2000, 14(3):437-452
[5] Takeshi Okinaga, Ikuko Mohri, Harutoshi Fujimura, et al. Induction of hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase in hyalinated necrotic muscle fibers: its implication in grouped necrosis. Acta Neuropathologica,2002, 104(4):377-384
[6]程开富.迈向 21 世纪的光子信息产业[J].四川真空,2001,15(2):46-52
[7]杨祥林.光纤通信系统[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2000:1-3
[8]苗新.光纤通信技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002:10-15
[9]张耀明.非通信光纤的研究及应用[J].玻璃纤维,1999(3):4-5
[10]顾真安.发展中的医疗光纤[J].材料学报,1995(4):32-33
[11]朱云清,江源,陈莉等.光纤在医学照明上的应用[J].激光杂志,2005,26(4):66-67
[12]孙圣和,王廷云,徐影.光纤测量与传感技术[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2002,8:32-40
[13]D Gloge and E A J Marcatili. Multimode theory of graded-core fibers, Bell Syst. Tech.J.1973,52:1563-1578
[14] Kiyoung Jung, JunKyun Choi. A Study of Blocking Probability in WDM Network. Lecture Notes in Computer Science,2002,2343(1):337-345
[15]原荣.光纤通信网络[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1999:10-36
[1]刘德森,殷宗敏.纤维光学[M].北京:科学出版社,1987
[2] Chen Ya fu,Flow-line Qwantum Theory of The Light Propagation in the Film Medium SPIE Vo1.2321,1994
[3]龚中麟,徐承和.电磁理论研究导引[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1994
[4] V. I. Beloglazov, Yu. S. Skibina, V. V. Tuchin, et al. Optical transmission of hollow glass photonic-crystal fibers. Technical Physics Letters,2005,31(12):1019-1021
[5] B. de Beauvoir, F. Nez, L. Hilico, et al.. Transmission of an optical frequency through a 3 km long optical fiber. Springer Berlin/ Heidelberg,1998,1(2):227-229
[6]苗新.光纤通信技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002
[7]袁松青等.光纤通信原理[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,1998
[8]张煦.光纤通信原理[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,1985
[9]Masayuki Nishimura. Optical fibers and fiber dispersion compensators for high-speed optical communication. Journal of Optical and Fiber Communications Reports,2005,2(2):115-139
[10]吴重庆.光波导理论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[11] Kiyoung Jung, JunKyun Choi. A Study of Blocking Probability in WDM Network. Lecture Notes in Computer Science,2002,2343(1):337-345
[12]J. E. Midwinter, Optical Fibers for Transmission, John Wiley & Sons, New York. Chichester. Brisbane. Toronto(1993)
[14] L. A. Mel’nikov, E. A. Romanova, é. V. Bekker. Nonlinear transmission of a single-mode optical fiber with a sharp change of core diameter . Optics and Spectroscopy,2000,89(5):761-765
[15]D. Marcuse, Theory of Dielectric Optical Waveguides, Academic, New York(1996)
[1]波恩,沃耳夫.光学原理[M].北京:科学出版社,1978
[2]刘德森,殷宗敏等.纤维光学[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1987
[3]赵仲刚.光纤通信与光纤传感器[M].上海:上海科技文献出版社,1993:160-166
[4]廖延彪.光纤光学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[5]王慧文,江先进等.光纤传感技术与应用[M]. 北京:国防工业出版社,2001
[6] B.de Beauvoir, F.Nez, L.Hilico, et al.. Transmission of an optical frequency through a 3 km long optical fiber. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,1998,1(2):227-229
[7] D.Kumar, O.N Singh. Analysis of the Propagation Characteristics of a Step-Index Waveguide of Annular Circular Cross-Section with Conducting Helical Windings on the Inner and Outer Boundary Surfaces Between the Guiding and the Non Guiding Regions. Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications,2004, 18(12):1655-1669
[8]L. A. Mel’nikov, E. A. Romanova, é. V. Bekker. Nonlinear transmission of a single-mode optical fiber with a sharp change of core diameter. Optics and Spectroscopy,2000,89(5):761-765
[1]刘增基,周洋溢等.光纤通信[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2001
[2]孙强,周虚.光纤通信系统及其应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[3]孙圣和,王廷云等.光纤测量与传感技术[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2002
[4] Masayuki Nishimura. Optical fibers and fiber dispersion compensators for high-speed optical communication. Journal of Optical and Fiber Communications Reports,2005,2(2):115-139
[5]James J. Reti. Optical Fibers for Optical networking.Bell LabsTech.J.,Jan-Mar. 1999:246-260
[6]A.R.Chraplyvy.Impact of Nonlinearities on Lightwave systems. Optical and Photonics News,1994,(5):16-21
[7]Andrew R.Chraplyvy. Limitations on lightwave communications imposed by optical-fiber nonlinearities. J. Lightwave Tech.1990.8(10):1548-1557
[8]X.Y Zou. M. Imran Hayee, S. M. Hwang, and Alan E. Willner. Limitations in 10 Gb/s WDM Optical-Fiber Transmission When Using a Variety of Fiber Types to Manage Dispersion and Nonlinearities Journal of Lightwave Technology.1996.14(6): 1144-1152
[9] V. I. Beloglazov, Yu. S. Skibina, V. V. Tuchin, et al.. Optical transmission of hollow glass photonic-crystal fibers. Technical Physics Letters, 2005, 31(12):1019-1021
[10] S.-H. Cho, H. Kumagai, K. Midorikawa. Fabrication of single-mode waveguide structure in optical multimode fluoride fibers using self-channeled plasma filaments excited by a femtosecond laser. Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing,2003,77(3):359-362
[11] Shao-Yun Fu, and Bernd Lauke. Comparison of the stress transfer in single- and multi-fiber composite pull-out tests. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology,2000,14(3):437-452
[1] 汤玲,林永涛.一种高效实用的传光介质[J].玻璃纤维,1999(3):61-63
[2] Hongfei Lin, Kalliat T. Valsaraj. Development of an optical fiber monolith reactor for photocatalytic wastewater Treatment. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2005, 35(7):699-708
[3] Katsunari Okamoto. Recent progress of integrated optics planar lightwave circuits[J]. Optical and Quantum Electronics,1999,31(2):107-129
[4] P. V. Demenkov, O. A. Plaksin, V. A. Stepanov, et al. Transient optical phenomena in quartz fibers under high-power pulsed reactor irradiation[J]. Technical Physics Letters,2000,26(3):239-240
[5]Masayuki Nishimura. Optical fibers and fiber dispersion compensators for high-speed optical communication. Journal of Optical and Fiber Communications Reports,2005,2(2):115-139
[6]刘德森,殷宗敏等.纤维光学[M].北京:科学技术出版社,1987:160-173
[7]马惠萍,刘丽华,杨乐民等.光纤耦合问题的研究及球形端面光纤的应用[J].光电工程,2002,29(4):47-49
[8]江源,凌根华,殷志东.侧面发光光纤的制备原理及其应用[J].光纤与电缆及其应用技术,2000(4):11-15
[1]杨瀛海,吴金生,俞本立等.球形光纤端面效应及其应用[J].光学技术,1999,(4):55-56
[2]赵仲刚.光纤通信与光纤传感器[M].上海:上海科技文献出版社,1993:160-166
[3]A. S. Lavrenko, V. E. Ol'shanetskii, V. N. Shnyakin. Process of Manufacturing Sheet High-Temperature Metal Composites by the Method of Pulse Welding. Metal Science and Heat Treatment,2002,43(9):378-381
[4]耿玉珍.两种光纤熔接法的比较[J].光电子技术与信息,1995:29-32
[5]Payne F.P, et al, Modelling fused single-mode fiber couplers, Elect.Lett,1985:21-26
[6]付致勇.光纤的接续技术[J].电气与自动化仪表安装技术,2001,(2):24-27
[7]招湛军,邹贵清.光纤熔接技术[J].电力系统通信,2004,(5):51-52
[8] 戴景洪.光纤的熔接与测试[J].中国有线电视,2005(21):2085-2031
[9] 张书林.光纤熔接损耗浅析[J].电力系统通信,2004(7):61-65
[10] 李立高.光纤通信工程[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2004
[2][日]根本俊雄.光导纤维及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1983:92-93
[3] A. G Bell, Apparatus for Sgalliing and Communications called Photophone, Nature, 1980,9:11-15
[4] Shao-Yun Fu, and Bernd Lauke. Comparison of the stress transfer in single- and multi-fiber composite pull-out tests. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology,2000, 14(3):437-452
[5] Takeshi Okinaga, Ikuko Mohri, Harutoshi Fujimura, et al. Induction of hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase in hyalinated necrotic muscle fibers: its implication in grouped necrosis. Acta Neuropathologica,2002, 104(4):377-384
[6]程开富.迈向 21 世纪的光子信息产业[J].四川真空,2001,15(2):46-52
[7]杨祥林.光纤通信系统[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2000:1-3
[8]苗新.光纤通信技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002:10-15
[9]张耀明.非通信光纤的研究及应用[J].玻璃纤维,1999(3):4-5
[10]顾真安.发展中的医疗光纤[J].材料学报,1995(4):32-33
[11]朱云清,江源,陈莉等.光纤在医学照明上的应用[J].激光杂志,2005,26(4):66-67
[12]孙圣和,王廷云,徐影.光纤测量与传感技术[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2002,8:32-40
[13]D Gloge and E A J Marcatili. Multimode theory of graded-core fibers, Bell Syst. Tech.J.1973,52:1563-1578
[14] Kiyoung Jung, JunKyun Choi. A Study of Blocking Probability in WDM Network. Lecture Notes in Computer Science,2002,2343(1):337-345
[15]原荣.光纤通信网络[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1999:10-36
[1]刘德森,殷宗敏.纤维光学[M].北京:科学出版社,1987
[2] Chen Ya fu,Flow-line Qwantum Theory of The Light Propagation in the Film Medium SPIE Vo1.2321,1994
[3]龚中麟,徐承和.电磁理论研究导引[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1994
[4] V. I. Beloglazov, Yu. S. Skibina, V. V. Tuchin, et al. Optical transmission of hollow glass photonic-crystal fibers. Technical Physics Letters,2005,31(12):1019-1021
[5] B. de Beauvoir, F. Nez, L. Hilico, et al.. Transmission of an optical frequency through a 3 km long optical fiber. Springer Berlin/ Heidelberg,1998,1(2):227-229
[6]苗新.光纤通信技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002
[7]袁松青等.光纤通信原理[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,1998
[8]张煦.光纤通信原理[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,1985
[9]Masayuki Nishimura. Optical fibers and fiber dispersion compensators for high-speed optical communication. Journal of Optical and Fiber Communications Reports,2005,2(2):115-139
[10]吴重庆.光波导理论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[11] Kiyoung Jung, JunKyun Choi. A Study of Blocking Probability in WDM Network. Lecture Notes in Computer Science,2002,2343(1):337-345
[12]J. E. Midwinter, Optical Fibers for Transmission, John Wiley & Sons, New York. Chichester. Brisbane. Toronto(1993)
[14] L. A. Mel’nikov, E. A. Romanova, é. V. Bekker. Nonlinear transmission of a single-mode optical fiber with a sharp change of core diameter . Optics and Spectroscopy,2000,89(5):761-765
[15]D. Marcuse, Theory of Dielectric Optical Waveguides, Academic, New York(1996)
[1]波恩,沃耳夫.光学原理[M].北京:科学出版社,1978
[2]刘德森,殷宗敏等.纤维光学[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1987
[3]赵仲刚.光纤通信与光纤传感器[M].上海:上海科技文献出版社,1993:160-166
[4]廖延彪.光纤光学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[5]王慧文,江先进等.光纤传感技术与应用[M]. 北京:国防工业出版社,2001
[6] B.de Beauvoir, F.Nez, L.Hilico, et al.. Transmission of an optical frequency through a 3 km long optical fiber. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,1998,1(2):227-229
[7] D.Kumar, O.N Singh. Analysis of the Propagation Characteristics of a Step-Index Waveguide of Annular Circular Cross-Section with Conducting Helical Windings on the Inner and Outer Boundary Surfaces Between the Guiding and the Non Guiding Regions. Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications,2004, 18(12):1655-1669
[8]L. A. Mel’nikov, E. A. Romanova, é. V. Bekker. Nonlinear transmission of a single-mode optical fiber with a sharp change of core diameter. Optics and Spectroscopy,2000,89(5):761-765
[1]刘增基,周洋溢等.光纤通信[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2001
[2]孙强,周虚.光纤通信系统及其应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[3]孙圣和,王廷云等.光纤测量与传感技术[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2002
[4] Masayuki Nishimura. Optical fibers and fiber dispersion compensators for high-speed optical communication. Journal of Optical and Fiber Communications Reports,2005,2(2):115-139
[5]James J. Reti. Optical Fibers for Optical networking.Bell LabsTech.J.,Jan-Mar. 1999:246-260
[6]A.R.Chraplyvy.Impact of Nonlinearities on Lightwave systems. Optical and Photonics News,1994,(5):16-21
[7]Andrew R.Chraplyvy. Limitations on lightwave communications imposed by optical-fiber nonlinearities. J. Lightwave Tech.1990.8(10):1548-1557
[8]X.Y Zou. M. Imran Hayee, S. M. Hwang, and Alan E. Willner. Limitations in 10 Gb/s WDM Optical-Fiber Transmission When Using a Variety of Fiber Types to Manage Dispersion and Nonlinearities Journal of Lightwave Technology.1996.14(6): 1144-1152
[9] V. I. Beloglazov, Yu. S. Skibina, V. V. Tuchin, et al.. Optical transmission of hollow glass photonic-crystal fibers. Technical Physics Letters, 2005, 31(12):1019-1021
[10] S.-H. Cho, H. Kumagai, K. Midorikawa. Fabrication of single-mode waveguide structure in optical multimode fluoride fibers using self-channeled plasma filaments excited by a femtosecond laser. Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing,2003,77(3):359-362
[11] Shao-Yun Fu, and Bernd Lauke. Comparison of the stress transfer in single- and multi-fiber composite pull-out tests. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology,2000,14(3):437-452
[1] 汤玲,林永涛.一种高效实用的传光介质[J].玻璃纤维,1999(3):61-63
[2] Hongfei Lin, Kalliat T. Valsaraj. Development of an optical fiber monolith reactor for photocatalytic wastewater Treatment. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2005, 35(7):699-708
[3] Katsunari Okamoto. Recent progress of integrated optics planar lightwave circuits[J]. Optical and Quantum Electronics,1999,31(2):107-129
[4] P. V. Demenkov, O. A. Plaksin, V. A. Stepanov, et al. Transient optical phenomena in quartz fibers under high-power pulsed reactor irradiation[J]. Technical Physics Letters,2000,26(3):239-240
[5]Masayuki Nishimura. Optical fibers and fiber dispersion compensators for high-speed optical communication. Journal of Optical and Fiber Communications Reports,2005,2(2):115-139
[6]刘德森,殷宗敏等.纤维光学[M].北京:科学技术出版社,1987:160-173
[7]马惠萍,刘丽华,杨乐民等.光纤耦合问题的研究及球形端面光纤的应用[J].光电工程,2002,29(4):47-49
[8]江源,凌根华,殷志东.侧面发光光纤的制备原理及其应用[J].光纤与电缆及其应用技术,2000(4):11-15
[1]杨瀛海,吴金生,俞本立等.球形光纤端面效应及其应用[J].光学技术,1999,(4):55-56
[2]赵仲刚.光纤通信与光纤传感器[M].上海:上海科技文献出版社,1993:160-166
[3]A. S. Lavrenko, V. E. Ol'shanetskii, V. N. Shnyakin. Process of Manufacturing Sheet High-Temperature Metal Composites by the Method of Pulse Welding. Metal Science and Heat Treatment,2002,43(9):378-381
[4]耿玉珍.两种光纤熔接法的比较[J].光电子技术与信息,1995:29-32
[5]Payne F.P, et al, Modelling fused single-mode fiber couplers, Elect.Lett,1985:21-26
[6]付致勇.光纤的接续技术[J].电气与自动化仪表安装技术,2001,(2):24-27
[7]招湛军,邹贵清.光纤熔接技术[J].电力系统通信,2004,(5):51-52
[8] 戴景洪.光纤的熔接与测试[J].中国有线电视,2005(21):2085-2031
[9] 张书林.光纤熔接损耗浅析[J].电力系统通信,2004(7):61-65
[10] 李立高.光纤通信工程[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2004