冷带卷取机力能参数的研究及关键部件的强度分析
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摘要
卷取机是一种重要的轧钢辅助设备,其用途是把轧制后的成品带钢卷成钢卷。张力卷取机一般用于冷轧带钢机组和带钢的酸洗、退火、剪切、涂层等精整机组。这类卷取机不仅用来缠卷,有时还用来开卷。
冷带卷取机传统的设计方法存在诸多问题,由于采用类比设计或转化设计或经验设计,因此设计周期长、计算精度低、安全系数取值过大使其成本提高等等,因此为使国内具备快速准确地设计冷带卷取机的能力。对此,国家经贸委组织下达了“2002 年度国家重点新产品试产计划项目”-1500 不锈钢纵切机组和横切机组研制,本文作为本项目的部分研究内容,重点展开了对冷带卷取机的优化设计研究,其目的就是要从理论上解决冷带卷取机的设计问题。
论文的主要研究工作如下:着重研究了卷取机力能参数、结构参数与工作负载的关系及软件编制。涉及到的主要内容有:卷取机概论;卷取机主要力能参数选择;卷取机关键部件强度分析;底座滚柱的受力分析及校核;软件设计思想及编制。
该课题的研究工作,不仅运用到了材料力学、理论力学、高等数学、轧钢机械等基础知识,也运用到了数值分析、有限元分析等现代知识理论。在推导数学模型和力学模型方面,借助了优化设计、计算机辅助等现代设计方法。所编制的软件界面友好、功能齐全,不仅能够自动完成主要参数的设计任务,而且还具有很强的工具作用,可以帮助设计人员分析和论证各参数的规律性及取值的合理性。
该课题基于有限元分析建立起了各个力学模型和数学模型,解决了卷取机卷筒轴的主要参数的设计问题。其理论和设计方法具有一定的新颖性,计算结果准确可靠。总之该课题的研究成果对用户进行卷取机卷筒轴的设计具有很大的方便性和重要的参考价值。
Coiler is one of the most important assistant equipment for steel rolling. It is used to coil strip into coiled steel. Cold coiler is used cold roll strap steel unit and acid washing, anneal, cutting, coating of strap steel. The coiler can be used to coil and open roll.
It’s traditional design has many questions. The cost improves because adopts analogy design or translated design or experience design, it’s design period long, calculate precision low, safety factor larger, etc. Under the circumstance, Country economy and commerce committee constitute “2002 country emphases new production trial-produce plan”——1500 stainless steel slit unit and transversely unit, dissertation qua part research content in the item, emphases to cold coiler’s optimize design research. Aiming at solving the basic design problem for down coiler from theory.
This paper puts emphasis upon mechanics parameter and configuration parameter connects with working loads, software development. The main researching work involves: coiler’s conspectus, mostly mechanics parameter choice of cold coiler, pivotal parts intension analysis, foundation rolling pole’s force analysis and check, conception of design and workout software.
In this researching task, it is applied that not only the basic knowledge such as mechanics of materials, theoretical mechanics, higher mathematics, steel rolling engineering, but also the intellective theory up to date such as numerical analysis, finite element analysis, etc. On the aspect of creating mathematics and mechanics model, the modernistic design method such as optimization design, CAD was adopted. The software has friendly interface and integrated function, and can automatically design mostly parameters; In addition, it is provided with the implemental function, which can help technical personnel analyze and testify the disciplinarian of the parameters and the rationality of the certain result.
Base on finite analysis this task created the mathematics and mechanics models, and solved the basic design problem about the main parameters for coiler. Its theory and design method have some characters in novelty, creativity, advantage, and its result has veracity and reliability. In a word, its researching achievement provides prodigious advantage and important reference worth for user which designing coiler axis.
冷带卷取机传统的设计方法存在诸多问题,由于采用类比设计或转化设计或经验设计,因此设计周期长、计算精度低、安全系数取值过大使其成本提高等等,因此为使国内具备快速准确地设计冷带卷取机的能力。对此,国家经贸委组织下达了“2002 年度国家重点新产品试产计划项目”-1500 不锈钢纵切机组和横切机组研制,本文作为本项目的部分研究内容,重点展开了对冷带卷取机的优化设计研究,其目的就是要从理论上解决冷带卷取机的设计问题。
论文的主要研究工作如下:着重研究了卷取机力能参数、结构参数与工作负载的关系及软件编制。涉及到的主要内容有:卷取机概论;卷取机主要力能参数选择;卷取机关键部件强度分析;底座滚柱的受力分析及校核;软件设计思想及编制。
该课题的研究工作,不仅运用到了材料力学、理论力学、高等数学、轧钢机械等基础知识,也运用到了数值分析、有限元分析等现代知识理论。在推导数学模型和力学模型方面,借助了优化设计、计算机辅助等现代设计方法。所编制的软件界面友好、功能齐全,不仅能够自动完成主要参数的设计任务,而且还具有很强的工具作用,可以帮助设计人员分析和论证各参数的规律性及取值的合理性。
该课题基于有限元分析建立起了各个力学模型和数学模型,解决了卷取机卷筒轴的主要参数的设计问题。其理论和设计方法具有一定的新颖性,计算结果准确可靠。总之该课题的研究成果对用户进行卷取机卷筒轴的设计具有很大的方便性和重要的参考价值。
Coiler is one of the most important assistant equipment for steel rolling. It is used to coil strip into coiled steel. Cold coiler is used cold roll strap steel unit and acid washing, anneal, cutting, coating of strap steel. The coiler can be used to coil and open roll.
It’s traditional design has many questions. The cost improves because adopts analogy design or translated design or experience design, it’s design period long, calculate precision low, safety factor larger, etc. Under the circumstance, Country economy and commerce committee constitute “2002 country emphases new production trial-produce plan”——1500 stainless steel slit unit and transversely unit, dissertation qua part research content in the item, emphases to cold coiler’s optimize design research. Aiming at solving the basic design problem for down coiler from theory.
This paper puts emphasis upon mechanics parameter and configuration parameter connects with working loads, software development. The main researching work involves: coiler’s conspectus, mostly mechanics parameter choice of cold coiler, pivotal parts intension analysis, foundation rolling pole’s force analysis and check, conception of design and workout software.
In this researching task, it is applied that not only the basic knowledge such as mechanics of materials, theoretical mechanics, higher mathematics, steel rolling engineering, but also the intellective theory up to date such as numerical analysis, finite element analysis, etc. On the aspect of creating mathematics and mechanics model, the modernistic design method such as optimization design, CAD was adopted. The software has friendly interface and integrated function, and can automatically design mostly parameters; In addition, it is provided with the implemental function, which can help technical personnel analyze and testify the disciplinarian of the parameters and the rationality of the certain result.
Base on finite analysis this task created the mathematics and mechanics models, and solved the basic design problem about the main parameters for coiler. Its theory and design method have some characters in novelty, creativity, advantage, and its result has veracity and reliability. In a word, its researching achievement provides prodigious advantage and important reference worth for user which designing coiler axis.
引文
[1] 机械设计手册.第二版.北京.化学工业出版社.1997.
[2] 邹家祥.《轧钢机械》.第一版.北京.冶金机械出版社.1996.
[3] 周国盈.《带钢卷取设备》.第二版.北京.冶金工业出版社.1992.
[4] 邹家祥.《冶金机械设计理论》.第一版.北京.冶金工业出版社.1998.
[5] 杨桂通.《弹塑性力学》.人民教育出版社.1980.
[6] 王廷溥.《轧钢工艺学》.第一版.北京.冶金工业出版社,1981.
[7] 万飞.《地下卷取机主参数研究及计算机辅助设计》.重庆大学工程硕士论文.2002.
[8] 刘建业.《地下卷取机力能参数研究及软件编制》. 重庆大学工程硕士论文.2003.
[9] 白振华、连家创.差分法计算卷取机卷筒单位压力.《重型机械》.2002.No.1.p22-24.
[10] 张芮、黄鑫. 变化率限幅技术在卷取机张力控制中的应用. 《冶金自动化》.2000.No.5.p44-46.
[11] 王春选、蒋文滨.大张力卷取机的参数计算及分析.《山西机械》.1999 增刊.p148-152.
[12] 蔡方伟、吴章维. 基于SIMADYND 的宝钢热轧卷取机控制系统. 《冶金自动化》.2000.No.2.p43-46.
[13] 何晓航.卷取机转动惯量测量计算的新方法.《有色设备》.1996.No.6.p1-3.
[14] 杨华、童朝南.卷取张力的变参数控制.《冶金自动化》.1998.No.5.p13-15.
[15] 廖永锋.热轧带钢卷取机的惯性力矩研究.《重型机械》.2001.No.1.p28-30.
[16] 刘芙蓉、甘朝晖、孙宝泰. 中心卷取张力模型的探讨与仿真. 《系统仿真学报》.2000.No.3.p233-236.
[17] 刘鸿文.《材料力学》.第三版.北京.高等教育出版社.1997.
[18] 崔甫.关于弹塑性弯曲的极值问题.《重型机械》.1996.
[19] 孙士汀.弹塑性状态下梁的挠度计算.《重型机械》.1996.
[20] 罗振才.《炼钢机械》.冶金工业出版社.1989.
[21] Ess T.J. The Hot Strip Mill Generation Ⅱ.AISE.1970.
[22] 刘明俊、于明祁.《自动控制原理》.第一版.长沙.国防科技大学出版社.2000.
[23] 熊世和.《机电系统计算机控制工程》.第一版.成都.电子科技大学出版社.1999.
[24] 李壮云.《中国机械设计大典》.第5 卷.第一版.南昌.江西科学技术出版社.2002.
[25] John G. Bollin, Neil A. Duffie. Computer Control of Machines and Processes. ADDISON-WESLEY PUBLISHING COPANY.1988.
[26] Zhang Jing. The Design and Application of Expert Intelligent Fuzzy Control System (Eifcs). ICARCV’92. 1992.
[27] 同济大学数学教研室.高等数学.北京.高等教育出版社.1993.
[28] 杨大地、涂光裕.《数值分析》.第一版.重庆.重庆大学出版社.1998.
[29] Anthony Ralston, Philip Rabinowitz. First Course in Numerical Analysis.1985.
[30] Brice Carnahan . Wilkes. Digital Computing and Numerical Methods.1980.
[31] G.I.Marchuk. Methods of Numerical Mathematics.1983.
[32] 嘉木工作室.《ANSYS 5.7 有限元实例分析教程》.第一版.北京.机械工业出版社.2002.
[33] 王国强.《实用工程数值模拟技术及其在ANSYS 上的实践》.第一版.西安.西北工业大学出版社.1999.
[34] 尹泽明、丁春利.《精通MATLAB 6》.第一版.北京.清华大学出版社.2002.
[35] 张海藩.《软件工程导论》.第一版.北京.清华大学出版社.1998.
[36] 牛夏牧.《工程软件技术基础》.第一版.哈尔滨.黑龙江工业大学出版社.1997.
[37] 李师贤、李文军.《面向对象程序设计基础》.第一版.北京.高等教育出版社.1998.
[38] 李过难.人机交互界面的设计规范及实现.《软件开发与应用》.1997.No.1.p16-17.
[39] 孟章荣.应用软件开发中的若干问题.《计算机系统应用》.1994.No6.p28-30.
[40] 谭浩强.《C 程序设计》.北京.清华大学出版社.1996.
[41] 麦中凡.《C++程序设计语言教程》.北京.北京航空航天大学出版社.1995.
[42] 徐晓光.《Visual C++ 6.0 入门与提高》.北京.清华大学出版社.1999.
[43] 编程高手工作室.《Visual C++ 6.0 编程高手》.北京.北京希望电子出版社.1999.
[44] 吴洁明等译.《Visual C++ 面向对象程序设计》.清华大学出版社.1994.
[45] Bjarne Stroustrup.The C ++ Programming Language.3rd edition. Addison Wesley Long man.1997.
[46] Folery J, Feiner S. Computer Graphics. Principles and Practice. 1990.
[47] Folery J, Dam A. Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics. 1982.
[48] Boris Allan. C Programming Principles & Practice. Paradigm Publishing. 1987.
[49] Silva A. V,Iron and Steel Engineer,1970,No9,77.
[50] Merritt.H.E,Hydraulic Control Systems,1967.
[51] Aman,E.,Aluminiun 1963,vol 39 No6 p.378-386.
[52] Cook,P.M.,Inst Mech Engr,1957,No1.
[53] Turley.J.W,Iron and Steel Engineer,1974,No11,42.
[2] 邹家祥.《轧钢机械》.第一版.北京.冶金机械出版社.1996.
[3] 周国盈.《带钢卷取设备》.第二版.北京.冶金工业出版社.1992.
[4] 邹家祥.《冶金机械设计理论》.第一版.北京.冶金工业出版社.1998.
[5] 杨桂通.《弹塑性力学》.人民教育出版社.1980.
[6] 王廷溥.《轧钢工艺学》.第一版.北京.冶金工业出版社,1981.
[7] 万飞.《地下卷取机主参数研究及计算机辅助设计》.重庆大学工程硕士论文.2002.
[8] 刘建业.《地下卷取机力能参数研究及软件编制》. 重庆大学工程硕士论文.2003.
[9] 白振华、连家创.差分法计算卷取机卷筒单位压力.《重型机械》.2002.No.1.p22-24.
[10] 张芮、黄鑫. 变化率限幅技术在卷取机张力控制中的应用. 《冶金自动化》.2000.No.5.p44-46.
[11] 王春选、蒋文滨.大张力卷取机的参数计算及分析.《山西机械》.1999 增刊.p148-152.
[12] 蔡方伟、吴章维. 基于SIMADYND 的宝钢热轧卷取机控制系统. 《冶金自动化》.2000.No.2.p43-46.
[13] 何晓航.卷取机转动惯量测量计算的新方法.《有色设备》.1996.No.6.p1-3.
[14] 杨华、童朝南.卷取张力的变参数控制.《冶金自动化》.1998.No.5.p13-15.
[15] 廖永锋.热轧带钢卷取机的惯性力矩研究.《重型机械》.2001.No.1.p28-30.
[16] 刘芙蓉、甘朝晖、孙宝泰. 中心卷取张力模型的探讨与仿真. 《系统仿真学报》.2000.No.3.p233-236.
[17] 刘鸿文.《材料力学》.第三版.北京.高等教育出版社.1997.
[18] 崔甫.关于弹塑性弯曲的极值问题.《重型机械》.1996.
[19] 孙士汀.弹塑性状态下梁的挠度计算.《重型机械》.1996.
[20] 罗振才.《炼钢机械》.冶金工业出版社.1989.
[21] Ess T.J. The Hot Strip Mill Generation Ⅱ.AISE.1970.
[22] 刘明俊、于明祁.《自动控制原理》.第一版.长沙.国防科技大学出版社.2000.
[23] 熊世和.《机电系统计算机控制工程》.第一版.成都.电子科技大学出版社.1999.
[24] 李壮云.《中国机械设计大典》.第5 卷.第一版.南昌.江西科学技术出版社.2002.
[25] John G. Bollin, Neil A. Duffie. Computer Control of Machines and Processes. ADDISON-WESLEY PUBLISHING COPANY.1988.
[26] Zhang Jing. The Design and Application of Expert Intelligent Fuzzy Control System (Eifcs). ICARCV’92. 1992.
[27] 同济大学数学教研室.高等数学.北京.高等教育出版社.1993.
[28] 杨大地、涂光裕.《数值分析》.第一版.重庆.重庆大学出版社.1998.
[29] Anthony Ralston, Philip Rabinowitz. First Course in Numerical Analysis.1985.
[30] Brice Carnahan . Wilkes. Digital Computing and Numerical Methods.1980.
[31] G.I.Marchuk. Methods of Numerical Mathematics.1983.
[32] 嘉木工作室.《ANSYS 5.7 有限元实例分析教程》.第一版.北京.机械工业出版社.2002.
[33] 王国强.《实用工程数值模拟技术及其在ANSYS 上的实践》.第一版.西安.西北工业大学出版社.1999.
[34] 尹泽明、丁春利.《精通MATLAB 6》.第一版.北京.清华大学出版社.2002.
[35] 张海藩.《软件工程导论》.第一版.北京.清华大学出版社.1998.
[36] 牛夏牧.《工程软件技术基础》.第一版.哈尔滨.黑龙江工业大学出版社.1997.
[37] 李师贤、李文军.《面向对象程序设计基础》.第一版.北京.高等教育出版社.1998.
[38] 李过难.人机交互界面的设计规范及实现.《软件开发与应用》.1997.No.1.p16-17.
[39] 孟章荣.应用软件开发中的若干问题.《计算机系统应用》.1994.No6.p28-30.
[40] 谭浩强.《C 程序设计》.北京.清华大学出版社.1996.
[41] 麦中凡.《C++程序设计语言教程》.北京.北京航空航天大学出版社.1995.
[42] 徐晓光.《Visual C++ 6.0 入门与提高》.北京.清华大学出版社.1999.
[43] 编程高手工作室.《Visual C++ 6.0 编程高手》.北京.北京希望电子出版社.1999.
[44] 吴洁明等译.《Visual C++ 面向对象程序设计》.清华大学出版社.1994.
[45] Bjarne Stroustrup.The C ++ Programming Language.3rd edition. Addison Wesley Long man.1997.
[46] Folery J, Feiner S. Computer Graphics. Principles and Practice. 1990.
[47] Folery J, Dam A. Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics. 1982.
[48] Boris Allan. C Programming Principles & Practice. Paradigm Publishing. 1987.
[49] Silva A. V,Iron and Steel Engineer,1970,No9,77.
[50] Merritt.H.E,Hydraulic Control Systems,1967.
[51] Aman,E.,Aluminiun 1963,vol 39 No6 p.378-386.
[52] Cook,P.M.,Inst Mech Engr,1957,No1.
[53] Turley.J.W,Iron and Steel Engineer,1974,No11,42.