面向TFT-LCD的集成多运放DC/DC芯片的设计
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摘要
电力电子及开关电源技术随着应用需求不断向前发展,新技术层出不穷。现代的开关电源更是以高效率、小体积、高集成度等特点受到了人们的重视并被广泛应用。
本论文的设计工作来源于西安电子科技大学科研项目“高性能高集成度数模混合集成电路关键技术理论研究”。针对TFT-LCD(有源矩阵薄膜晶体管液晶显示器)已成显示器件的主流,具有巨大市场的特点,设计了面向TFT-LCD的集成多运放的DC/DC转换器XDJ0618。这是一款BOOST型DC/DC转换器,它集成了两个线性稳压器,结合外部的电荷泵器件,与内部主控DC/DC和多个运放一起给TFT-LCD面板提供完整的电源管理解决方案。该芯片采用电流模控制方式,因此对电源电压的响应和对负载变化的瞬态响应迅速。文中详细地论述了芯片采用的控制方式、指标的制定、系统方案的设计、系统功能的电路实现及仿真验证。本芯片的设计正是基于TFT-LCD的迅速发展而提出,符合市场的需求,因此该芯片的设计具有广泛的意义。
本芯片的设计采用国外某公司的BCD工艺,现在已完成电路设计并通过了前仿真验证,HSPICE仿真结果表明,该芯片的各项重要指标满足设计要求,输入电源电压可以低达2.6V,工作频率固定在1.2MHz左右,效率在85%以上,具有较好的负载瞬态响应。
With the demands of power electronics technology and switching power supply constantly developing ahead, new technologies are emerging in an endless. Switching power supply was widely used by the people because of its features such as high efficiency, small size, and high level of integration.
In this paper the design of research projects comes from Xidian University of the "key technology theoretical research of high-performance and high integration mixed signal IC’s." As the TFT-LCD (active-matrix thin-film transistor liquid-crystal display) display has become the mainstream and had the great market, a DC/DC converter XDJ0618 integrated OPAs (operational amplifiers) has been designed. It is a BOOST DC/DC converter which integrated the two linear regulators. The combination of external charge pump devices, DC/DC converter of internal control and a number of operational amplifiers together provides a complete power management solution for TFT-LCD panel. The chip is adopted current-mode control, so that either its response to the supply voltage or its transient response to load changes is fast. This paper describes the control method of the chip, the definition of indicators, the design of system program, the implementation and simulation of the function in detail. Based on the rapid development of TFT-LCD and the demands of the market, the design of the chip is of great significance.
The chip was designed with a foreign company BCD process. Now the circuit design has been completed and simulated. HSPICE simulation results show that many important specifications of the chip meet the design requirements. The input supply voltage can be as low as 2.6 volts, its fixed frequency is about 1.2 MHz, the efficiency can reach above 85% and its transient response is better.
本论文的设计工作来源于西安电子科技大学科研项目“高性能高集成度数模混合集成电路关键技术理论研究”。针对TFT-LCD(有源矩阵薄膜晶体管液晶显示器)已成显示器件的主流,具有巨大市场的特点,设计了面向TFT-LCD的集成多运放的DC/DC转换器XDJ0618。这是一款BOOST型DC/DC转换器,它集成了两个线性稳压器,结合外部的电荷泵器件,与内部主控DC/DC和多个运放一起给TFT-LCD面板提供完整的电源管理解决方案。该芯片采用电流模控制方式,因此对电源电压的响应和对负载变化的瞬态响应迅速。文中详细地论述了芯片采用的控制方式、指标的制定、系统方案的设计、系统功能的电路实现及仿真验证。本芯片的设计正是基于TFT-LCD的迅速发展而提出,符合市场的需求,因此该芯片的设计具有广泛的意义。
本芯片的设计采用国外某公司的BCD工艺,现在已完成电路设计并通过了前仿真验证,HSPICE仿真结果表明,该芯片的各项重要指标满足设计要求,输入电源电压可以低达2.6V,工作频率固定在1.2MHz左右,效率在85%以上,具有较好的负载瞬态响应。
With the demands of power electronics technology and switching power supply constantly developing ahead, new technologies are emerging in an endless. Switching power supply was widely used by the people because of its features such as high efficiency, small size, and high level of integration.
In this paper the design of research projects comes from Xidian University of the "key technology theoretical research of high-performance and high integration mixed signal IC’s." As the TFT-LCD (active-matrix thin-film transistor liquid-crystal display) display has become the mainstream and had the great market, a DC/DC converter XDJ0618 integrated OPAs (operational amplifiers) has been designed. It is a BOOST DC/DC converter which integrated the two linear regulators. The combination of external charge pump devices, DC/DC converter of internal control and a number of operational amplifiers together provides a complete power management solution for TFT-LCD panel. The chip is adopted current-mode control, so that either its response to the supply voltage or its transient response to load changes is fast. This paper describes the control method of the chip, the definition of indicators, the design of system program, the implementation and simulation of the function in detail. Based on the rapid development of TFT-LCD and the demands of the market, the design of the chip is of great significance.
The chip was designed with a foreign company BCD process. Now the circuit design has been completed and simulated. HSPICE simulation results show that many important specifications of the chip meet the design requirements. The input supply voltage can be as low as 2.6 volts, its fixed frequency is about 1.2 MHz, the efficiency can reach above 85% and its transient response is better.
引文
[1] 中国电力新闻网,现代电力电子及电源技术发展,2006.12.07.
[2] 北京三岭视通科技有限公司,TFT-LCD 技术发展介绍(技术资料),2004～2006.
[3] 王红义 高效电流型 DC/DC 专用集成电路设计与实现 西安电子科技大学 2003届学位毕业论文.
[4] 董贤辉.高效率宽电源范围 BOOST 型 DC-DC 转换芯片的设计.西安电子科技大学 2004 届学位毕业论文.
[5] 孙毛毛,冯全源.LDO 线性稳压器中高性能误差放大器的设计.微电子学.第 36卷第 1 期.2006 年 2 月.
[6] Alan B.Grebene. Bipolar and MOS Analog Integrated Circuit Design. New York:a Wiley-Interscience Publication. 1984. pp.514-527,pp.193-212,pp541-609
[7] Robert Mammano. Switching power supply topology voltage mode vs. current mode. Unitrode design note DN-62.
[8] 华伟.开关电源 PWM 的五种反馈控制模式研究,2002.
[9] 季少卫,翁继周.电流型 PWM 控制器在电源中的应用.2004.8.20
[10] R.D Middlebrook, Topics in Multiple-Loop Regulators and Current-Mode Programming 1985 IEEE PESC.Record,pp.716-732
[11] Paul R. Gray,Paul J. Hurst,Robert G. Meyer . Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits. Fourth Edition. NewYork:John wiley & Sons,Inc. ,2001. pp.317-327.
[12] Phillip E. Allen,Douglas R. Holberg . CMOS Analog Circuit Design. Oxford University Press,Inc. ,2002. pp.143-159.
[13] 毕查德?拉扎维著,陈贵灿,程军,张瑞智译.模拟 CMOS 集成电路设计.西安交通大学出版社.2003.2, pp.309-324,pp.299-300,pp.391-413
[14] 朱正涌. 半导体集成电路. 北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[15] A.E.Buck, C.L.McDonald, S.H.Lewis . A CMOS Bandgap Reference without Resistors. IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits. 2002, VOL 37. No.1. pp.81-83.
[16] 王彦,韩益锋,李联,郑增钰.一种高精密 CMOS 带隙基准源 2002.8.24
[17] Vu,Luan. Low noise high PSRR band-gap with fast turn-on time. United States Patent 6278320 ,2001.
[18] Phillip E. Allen,Douglas. R.Holberg 著,冯军,李智群 译,王志功 审校,CMOS模拟集成电路设计(第二板),电子工业出版社,2005.10. pp.218-248,501-544.
[19] 吴建辉.CMOS 模拟集成电路分析与设计.电子工业出版社,2004.10
[20] 李联.MOS 运算放大器-原理、设计与应用.复旦大学出版社.1988
[21] 李本俊,刘丽华,辛德禄.CMOS 集成电路原理与设计.北京邮电大学出版社.1997.4
[22] Behzad Razavi. Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits. Boston,MA:McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2001.
[23] Roubik Gregorian.Introduction To CMOS OP-AMPS And Comparators.John Wiley & Sons,INC. 1999
[24] 杨汝.峰值电流控制模式中斜坡补偿电路的设计.电力电子技术.2001 年 6 月,第35 卷第 3 期,pp:35.
[25] Eveerett Rogers. Understanding boost power stage in switchmode power stage. TI application report SLVA061. 1999.3
[26] Gabriel A.Rincon-Mora and Phillip E. Allen. A Low-Voltage,Low Quiescent Current,Low Drop-Out Regulator.IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS,VOL 33,NO.1,JANUARY1998.
[27] Robert B. Northrop.Analog Electronic Circuits.1989
[28] T.Terashima,F.Yamamoto and K.Hatasaka. “Multi-voltage device integration technique for 0.5um BiCMOS & DMOS process”. Proc.ISPSD, 2000, ”pp.331-334.
[29] 李玉山、来新泉. 电子系统集成设计技术. 北京:电子工业出版社,2002.
[30] James E. Buchanan. BiCMOS/CMOS System Design. New York:McGraw-Hill,Inc. 1991.
[31] Laker,Sansen. Design of Analog Integrated Circuits and Systems, MacGrawHill, 1994
[32] Sherif H.K.Embabi, Abdellatif Bellaouar, Mohamed I.Elmasry . Digital BiCMOS Integrated Circuit Design. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers. 1993.
[33] 孙肖子,张畴先,谈文心等.电子线路基础.西安电子科技大学出版社.1998
[34] S. Franco. Design with Operational Amplifiers and Analog integrated Circuits. Second Edition. New York:McGraw Hill,1998.
[35] Nagaraj, Krishnaswamy. Band voltage reference generator. United States Patent 5512817, 2001
[36] Sherif H.K. Embabi, Abdellatif Bellaouar, Mohamed I. Elmasry.Digital BiCMOS Integrated Circuit Design. Kluwer Academic Publishers.1993. P194-195
[37] Cadence Component Description Format User Guide.2000
[38] HSPICE User’s Manual, Volume 3 Analysis and Methods.HSPICE Version H92
[39] Star-Hspice Manual.1999
[40] Bo Zhang.Power Semiconductor Devices and Smart Power ICs.Second Edition.2001.
[41] 叶慧贞 样兴洲. 新颖开关稳压电源. 国防工业出版社, 1999
[42] 陈贵灿,邵志标,程军,林长贵.CMOS 集成电路设计.西安交通大学出版社.1999.9
[43] 姚立真.通用电路模拟技术及软件应用 SPICE 和 Pspice.北京:电子工业出版社.1994
[44] Hassan Pooya Forghani-zadeh etc. Current-sensing techniques for DC/DC converters.
[45] 许文龙,胡信国.现代通信电源技术.人民邮电出版社.2000.3
[46] 陆治国. 电源的计算机仿真技术. 科学出版社. 2001
[47] Lai Xinquan, Jia Ligang, Hu Juncai etc. “The Design of A low Voltage And High Speed Driver Circuit for BOOST DC/DC Converter” (numbered A-116),The 5th International Conference on ASIC Proceeding.
[48] 复旦大学微电子教研组编.集成电路设计原理——模拟集成电路.高教教育出版社.1984.6.
[49] 赵雅兴.PSpice 与电子器件模型.北京邮电大学出版社.2004.9
[50] 何希才.新型开关电源及其应用.科学出版社,2001
[51] James C. Daly, Denis P. Galipeau.Analog BiCMOS Design: Practices and Pitfalls.1999
[52] R.D Middlebrook, Topics in Multiple-Loop Regulators and Current-Mode Programming 1985 IEEE PESC.Record,pp.716-732
[53] A.J.Stratakos, “High–efficiency low-voltage DC-DC conversion for portable applications”, Ph.D. dissertation, University of California at Berkeley, Dec. 1998
[54] 王海永等.集成的 BiCMOS DC/DC 开关电源控制器输出驱动电器的低功耗设计.电子器件,2000.3.pp1-5
[55] (日)原田耕介 主编,耿文学 译,开关电源手册(原书第 2 版),2005.3.
[56] 陈卢,石秉学,卢纯等.高效同步整流开关电源脉宽调制芯片的实现.电子学报.2000 年 12 月,第 12 期,pp:63
[57] Franco Maloberti.Analog Design For VLSI Systems.Kluwer Academic Publishers.2001.
[58] Ye Xiaobin,Chen Zhiliang.Low Voltage Self-biasing Reference Circuits.2001 4th International Conference On ASIC PROCEEDINGS, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,inc..2001
[2] 北京三岭视通科技有限公司,TFT-LCD 技术发展介绍(技术资料),2004～2006.
[3] 王红义 高效电流型 DC/DC 专用集成电路设计与实现 西安电子科技大学 2003届学位毕业论文.
[4] 董贤辉.高效率宽电源范围 BOOST 型 DC-DC 转换芯片的设计.西安电子科技大学 2004 届学位毕业论文.
[5] 孙毛毛,冯全源.LDO 线性稳压器中高性能误差放大器的设计.微电子学.第 36卷第 1 期.2006 年 2 月.
[6] Alan B.Grebene. Bipolar and MOS Analog Integrated Circuit Design. New York:a Wiley-Interscience Publication. 1984. pp.514-527,pp.193-212,pp541-609
[7] Robert Mammano. Switching power supply topology voltage mode vs. current mode. Unitrode design note DN-62.
[8] 华伟.开关电源 PWM 的五种反馈控制模式研究,2002.
[9] 季少卫,翁继周.电流型 PWM 控制器在电源中的应用.2004.8.20
[10] R.D Middlebrook, Topics in Multiple-Loop Regulators and Current-Mode Programming 1985 IEEE PESC.Record,pp.716-732
[11] Paul R. Gray,Paul J. Hurst,Robert G. Meyer . Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits. Fourth Edition. NewYork:John wiley & Sons,Inc. ,2001. pp.317-327.
[12] Phillip E. Allen,Douglas R. Holberg . CMOS Analog Circuit Design. Oxford University Press,Inc. ,2002. pp.143-159.
[13] 毕查德?拉扎维著,陈贵灿,程军,张瑞智译.模拟 CMOS 集成电路设计.西安交通大学出版社.2003.2, pp.309-324,pp.299-300,pp.391-413
[14] 朱正涌. 半导体集成电路. 北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[15] A.E.Buck, C.L.McDonald, S.H.Lewis . A CMOS Bandgap Reference without Resistors. IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits. 2002, VOL 37. No.1. pp.81-83.
[16] 王彦,韩益锋,李联,郑增钰.一种高精密 CMOS 带隙基准源 2002.8.24
[17] Vu,Luan. Low noise high PSRR band-gap with fast turn-on time. United States Patent 6278320 ,2001.
[18] Phillip E. Allen,Douglas. R.Holberg 著,冯军,李智群 译,王志功 审校,CMOS模拟集成电路设计(第二板),电子工业出版社,2005.10. pp.218-248,501-544.
[19] 吴建辉.CMOS 模拟集成电路分析与设计.电子工业出版社,2004.10
[20] 李联.MOS 运算放大器-原理、设计与应用.复旦大学出版社.1988
[21] 李本俊,刘丽华,辛德禄.CMOS 集成电路原理与设计.北京邮电大学出版社.1997.4
[22] Behzad Razavi. Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits. Boston,MA:McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2001.
[23] Roubik Gregorian.Introduction To CMOS OP-AMPS And Comparators.John Wiley & Sons,INC. 1999
[24] 杨汝.峰值电流控制模式中斜坡补偿电路的设计.电力电子技术.2001 年 6 月,第35 卷第 3 期,pp:35.
[25] Eveerett Rogers. Understanding boost power stage in switchmode power stage. TI application report SLVA061. 1999.3
[26] Gabriel A.Rincon-Mora and Phillip E. Allen. A Low-Voltage,Low Quiescent Current,Low Drop-Out Regulator.IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS,VOL 33,NO.1,JANUARY1998.
[27] Robert B. Northrop.Analog Electronic Circuits.1989
[28] T.Terashima,F.Yamamoto and K.Hatasaka. “Multi-voltage device integration technique for 0.5um BiCMOS & DMOS process”. Proc.ISPSD, 2000, ”pp.331-334.
[29] 李玉山、来新泉. 电子系统集成设计技术. 北京:电子工业出版社,2002.
[30] James E. Buchanan. BiCMOS/CMOS System Design. New York:McGraw-Hill,Inc. 1991.
[31] Laker,Sansen. Design of Analog Integrated Circuits and Systems, MacGrawHill, 1994
[32] Sherif H.K.Embabi, Abdellatif Bellaouar, Mohamed I.Elmasry . Digital BiCMOS Integrated Circuit Design. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers. 1993.
[33] 孙肖子,张畴先,谈文心等.电子线路基础.西安电子科技大学出版社.1998
[34] S. Franco. Design with Operational Amplifiers and Analog integrated Circuits. Second Edition. New York:McGraw Hill,1998.
[35] Nagaraj, Krishnaswamy. Band voltage reference generator. United States Patent 5512817, 2001
[36] Sherif H.K. Embabi, Abdellatif Bellaouar, Mohamed I. Elmasry.Digital BiCMOS Integrated Circuit Design. Kluwer Academic Publishers.1993. P194-195
[37] Cadence Component Description Format User Guide.2000
[38] HSPICE User’s Manual, Volume 3 Analysis and Methods.HSPICE Version H92
[39] Star-Hspice Manual.1999
[40] Bo Zhang.Power Semiconductor Devices and Smart Power ICs.Second Edition.2001.
[41] 叶慧贞 样兴洲. 新颖开关稳压电源. 国防工业出版社, 1999
[42] 陈贵灿,邵志标,程军,林长贵.CMOS 集成电路设计.西安交通大学出版社.1999.9
[43] 姚立真.通用电路模拟技术及软件应用 SPICE 和 Pspice.北京:电子工业出版社.1994
[44] Hassan Pooya Forghani-zadeh etc. Current-sensing techniques for DC/DC converters.
[45] 许文龙,胡信国.现代通信电源技术.人民邮电出版社.2000.3
[46] 陆治国. 电源的计算机仿真技术. 科学出版社. 2001
[47] Lai Xinquan, Jia Ligang, Hu Juncai etc. “The Design of A low Voltage And High Speed Driver Circuit for BOOST DC/DC Converter” (numbered A-116),The 5th International Conference on ASIC Proceeding.
[48] 复旦大学微电子教研组编.集成电路设计原理——模拟集成电路.高教教育出版社.1984.6.
[49] 赵雅兴.PSpice 与电子器件模型.北京邮电大学出版社.2004.9
[50] 何希才.新型开关电源及其应用.科学出版社,2001
[51] James C. Daly, Denis P. Galipeau.Analog BiCMOS Design: Practices and Pitfalls.1999
[52] R.D Middlebrook, Topics in Multiple-Loop Regulators and Current-Mode Programming 1985 IEEE PESC.Record,pp.716-732
[53] A.J.Stratakos, “High–efficiency low-voltage DC-DC conversion for portable applications”, Ph.D. dissertation, University of California at Berkeley, Dec. 1998
[54] 王海永等.集成的 BiCMOS DC/DC 开关电源控制器输出驱动电器的低功耗设计.电子器件,2000.3.pp1-5
[55] (日)原田耕介 主编,耿文学 译,开关电源手册(原书第 2 版),2005.3.
[56] 陈卢,石秉学,卢纯等.高效同步整流开关电源脉宽调制芯片的实现.电子学报.2000 年 12 月,第 12 期,pp:63
[57] Franco Maloberti.Analog Design For VLSI Systems.Kluwer Academic Publishers.2001.
[58] Ye Xiaobin,Chen Zhiliang.Low Voltage Self-biasing Reference Circuits.2001 4th International Conference On ASIC PROCEEDINGS, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,inc..2001