基于网络的汽车故障诊断专家系统研究
摘要
维护和保养在汽车的使用过程中占有十分重要的地位。随着人民生活水平的日益提高，汽车将越来越多的进入家庭。尽量降低汽车故障的发生率和提高诊断故障的效率成了汽车用户的十分重要的问题。网上故障诊断专家系统为解决这个问题提供了一条新的途径。本论文对网上故障诊断专家系统进行了详尽的讨论。首先，详细的讨论了汽车常见的故障、产生故障的原因以及诊断故障的一般方法、原则。然后，在此基础上，初步建立了关于汽车故障诊断的知识库。知识库主要采用了框架的知识表示法和面向对象的知识表示法。专家系统的推理则是基于浅知识的推理。推理的技术是正向推理。最后，给出了专家系统的具体实现。基于流行的网络技术，网上专家系统的结构体制采用了Web客户/服务器的软件模型。Web客户软件，使用了Web浏览器Microsoft Internet Explorer(IE)。Web服务器软件使用了Microsoft Internet Information Server(IIS)。在此模式下，网上专家系统在Web服务器端进行了软件再开发：使用Active Server Pages(ASP)和Component Object Model (COM)对象实现了专家系统的功能。
Maintenance and repair are very important in the use of car. With
the better qua1ity of 1if e, more and more cars wi11 enter comon
fami1ies. 1t is a very important prob1em to decrease the occurrence
of car fault and increase the efficiency of fau1t diagnosis. Expert
system of diagnosis of car based on network is a new so1ution to this
prob1em. This paper discussed the so1ution in detail. First, common
fau1t s in car, re1ative reasons and genera1 methods and princip1es
were searched. Second, a primary knowledge base of fault diagnosis
of car was bui1t. Frame representation and object--oriented
representation app1ied to the know1edge base. And the expert system
is based on e1ementary know1edge --reasoning. Fina11y, this paper gave
the imp1ementation of the expert system.' The software structure
referenced the C1ient/Server mode1 in popu1ar network techniques. The
c1 ient software was a Web browser, Microsoft Internet Exp1orer(IE). The
server software was Microsoft 1nternet Information Server (1IS). In
the mode1, expert system software deve1oped second1y on the side of
the server software: Active Server Pages (ASP ) cooperated with
Component 0bject Mode1 (C0M) in imp1ementing the expert system.
Maintenance and repair are very important in the use of car. With
the better qua1ity of 1if e, more and more cars wi11 enter comon
fami1ies. 1t is a very important prob1em to decrease the occurrence
of car fault and increase the efficiency of fau1t diagnosis. Expert
system of diagnosis of car based on network is a new so1ution to this
prob1em. This paper discussed the so1ution in detail. First, common
fau1t s in car, re1ative reasons and genera1 methods and princip1es
were searched. Second, a primary knowledge base of fault diagnosis
of car was bui1t. Frame representation and object--oriented
representation app1ied to the know1edge base. And the expert system
is based on e1ementary know1edge --reasoning. Fina11y, this paper gave
the imp1ementation of the expert system.' The software structure
referenced the C1ient/Server mode1 in popu1ar network techniques. The
c1 ient software was a Web browser, Microsoft Internet Exp1orer(IE). The
server software was Microsoft 1nternet Information Server (1IS). In
the mode1, expert system software deve1oped second1y on the side of
the server software: Active Server Pages (ASP ) cooperated with
Component 0bject Mode1 (C0M) in imp1ementing the expert system.
引文
[1]吴今培，肖健华．智能故障诊断与专家系统．科学出版社，1997：11-12页
[2]廉师友．人工智能技术导论．西安电子科技大学出版社，2000：179-120页，182-185页，191-192页
[3]焦福权．汽车故障剖析与应急处理．人民交通出版社，1998
[4]周志立等．进口汽车故障诊断手册．辽宁科学技术出版社，2000：1-6页
[5]程早霞等．用C++建造专家系统．电子工业出版社，1996：96-111页，45-80页
[6]田盛丰，黄厚宽．人工智能与知识工程．中国铁道出版社，1999：41-42页，47-48页，56-57页
[7]潘爱民．COM原理与应用．清华大学出版社，1999
[8]Tom Armstrong,Ron Patton.ATL开发指南．董梁，丁杰等译．第二版．电子工业出版社，2000
[9]Matt J.Crouch．怎样用ASP和COM进行Web编程．康博创作室．人民邮电出版社，1999
[10]鄢红国．分布式ICAI的组件解决方案．武汉理工大学学报．2001，23(2)
[11]汪晓平等．ASP网络开发技术．人民邮电出版社，2000：22-24页
[12]Derek Ferguson.ASP程序调试．段来盛等译．电子工业出版社，2001
[13]林尧瑞，马少平．人工智能导论．清华大学出版社，1989
[14]冯博琴．实用专家系统，电子工业出版社，1992
[15]杨叔子．基于知识的诊断推理．清华大学出版社，广西科学技术出版社，1993
[16]张金亭，刘陶琨等．基于组件技术的地籍信息系统开发研究．华中农业大学学报．2001，(1)
[17]罗平，惠韶文．Active X技术及其在CAI开发中的应用．电脑开发与应用．2001，14(2)
[18]牛德力，门葆红．组件式软件及其在GIS开发中的应用．测绘学院学报．2000,17(4)
[19]肖云奎．汽车故障诊断学．北京理工大学，2001
[20]陈杰基．汽车维修工实用手册．上海交通大学出版社，1997
[21]李照美．汽车诊断与检测技术．北京：中国农业出版社，1996
[22]肖云奎．汽车故障分析方法．军用汽车，1986
[23]董安．汽车故障异响诊断．北京理工大学，1997
[24]孙广珍等．汽车故障诊断与途中应急处理．北京：兵器工业出版社，1999
[25]高国恒．汽车检测诊断方法．北京：人民交通出版社，1999
[26]戴冠军．汽车维修工程．北京：人民交通出版社，1999
[27]黄德中．柴油机故障微机诊断系统．汽车技术．1994，(2)
[28]郑殿旺，刘闯．现代汽车电器故障诊断与排除实例．哈尔滨工业大学，1997
[29]雷继尧，轴承故障诊断．西安交通大学出版社，1991
[30]王凤岐．汽车诊断技术．北京：人民交通出版社，1996
[31]赵奎光．中国汽车检测与维修设备手册．北京：机械工业出版社，1996
[32]郭晓汾．实用汽车诊断技术与设备北京．西北工业大学出版社，1989
[33]张俊建．汽车诊断与检测技术．北京：人民交通出版社，1999
[34]王永庆．人工智能原理与方法．西安交通大学出版社，1985
[35]胡琳．汽车故障诊断专家系统诊断模型的研究．电子技术应用．1997，12
[36]肖云奎．汽车故障诊断专家系统的研究．汽车运输研究．1990，1
[37]施鸿宝，王秋荷．专家系统．西安交通大学出版社，1990
[38]肖云奎．汽车故障诊断树自动生成系统的研究．汽车运输．1990，6
[39]肖云奎．新一代汽车故障诊断专家系统．汽车运输研究．1991，1
[40]肖云奎．BP神经网络在汽车故障诊断中的应用．汽车运输。1990，1
[41]王志杰等．汽车变速器故障振动诊断方法的研究．汽车技术．1996，5
[42]徐章遂等，故障信息诊断原理与运用．北京：国防工业出版社，2000
[43]周青龙．故障诊断与监控．北京：兵器工业出版社，1992
[44]耿荣生等．汽车诊断学．天津：运输工程学院出版社，1988
[45]肖云奎．汽车实用诊断技术．天津：运输工程学院出版社．1988
[46]郭清洁．未来的汽车维修方法．汽车维护与修理．2000，1
[47]徐洪波．故障诊断型专家系统的推理方法及其应用的研究．哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文．2000：46-47页
[48]石红．液压系统故障诊断专家系统的研究与设计．哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文．2000：36-40页
[49]吉明．面向对象的减摇鳍故障诊断专家系统的研究与实现．哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文．1999：13-15页
[50]Books R.A. Intelligence without Represation Artificial Intelligence.1991,47
[51]Gallant S.I.Connectionist Expert System. Communications of the ACM. 1988,31 (2)
[52]Sushmita M,Sankcar K.P. Logical Operation Based Fuzzy MLP for Classification and Rule Generation.Neural Networks. 1994,7(2)
[53]Ramasamy Uthumsamy et al.Extracting Knowledge from Diagnosis Database.IEEE expert. 1993,8(6)
[54]Kazuro Hamada et al. Hybridizing a Genetic Algorigm with Rule-Based Reasoning for Production Planning. IEEE. 1995
[55]William Ford.Data Structure with C++.Prentice-Hall International INC. 1997
[56]David Mulvaney.A Rule-based Extension to the C++ language. Software-Practice and Expenrience.1997, 7(2)
[57]Tim Menzies. Object-oriented Patterns: Lessons from Expert System. Software-Practice and Experience. 1997, 12(7)
[58]Ramden T, Krus P. Fault Diagnosis of Complex Fluid Power System Using Neural Network.4th Scandinavian International Conference on Fluid Power, Tampere. 1995
[59]S.Tzafestas. Second Generation Diagnostic Expert System: Requirenents,Architectures and Propects. IFAC Fault Detection, Supervision and Safety for Technical Processes,Baden,Gremany. 1991
[60]K.Levenberg. A method for the solution of certain non-linear problems in least square. Quart Appl.Math. 1994
[61]F.Hayes-Rth, D.A.Waterman, D.B.Lenat. Building Expert Systems.A ddison Wesley. 1983
[62]D.A.Waterman. A Guide to Expert Systems..A ddison Wesley. 1985
[63]Clancey, W.J,R.Letsinger. NEOMYCIN:Reconfiguring a Rule-Based Expert System for Application to Teaching IJCAIT. 1981
[64]Z.L.Arey. Expert System Concepts and Examples.NCC Publications, 1984
[65]J.W. Ulrila,M.M.Constantine,L.Adeiman. Testing Knowledge-Based System.AD-A266361.1990
[66]Schultz Alan C.et al. Test and Evalution by Genetic Algorithms.IEEE Expert. 1993
[67]Brandon J A and Zhong Binglin. Data acquisition,singnal processing and modeling strategies for in process condition monitoring. Proc of the 29th MATADOR Conf, MacMillan Press Ltd. 1992
[68]Chen Changzheng.et al. Fault Diagnosis Method in Viabration Phase for Rotating Machinery. ICTD '95
[69]Chuel-Tin Chang et al.A Simple Design Strategy for Fault Monitoring Systems. AICHE Journal. 1993, 39 (7)
[70]Collacott R A.Mechanical Fault Diagnosis and Condition Monitor. London: Chapman and Hall. 1997
[71]Rumelhart D.E,Hinton G.E and Williams R.J.Leaming internal representations by error propagation. Cambridge: MIT Press. 1986
[72]Flandrin, P. On the spectrum of fractional brownian motions,IEEE Trans on Information Theory. 1989, 35(1)
[2]廉师友．人工智能技术导论．西安电子科技大学出版社，2000：179-120页，182-185页，191-192页
[3]焦福权．汽车故障剖析与应急处理．人民交通出版社，1998
[4]周志立等．进口汽车故障诊断手册．辽宁科学技术出版社，2000：1-6页
[5]程早霞等．用C++建造专家系统．电子工业出版社，1996：96-111页，45-80页
[6]田盛丰，黄厚宽．人工智能与知识工程．中国铁道出版社，1999：41-42页，47-48页，56-57页
[7]潘爱民．COM原理与应用．清华大学出版社，1999
[8]Tom Armstrong,Ron Patton.ATL开发指南．董梁，丁杰等译．第二版．电子工业出版社，2000
[9]Matt J.Crouch．怎样用ASP和COM进行Web编程．康博创作室．人民邮电出版社，1999
[10]鄢红国．分布式ICAI的组件解决方案．武汉理工大学学报．2001，23(2)
[11]汪晓平等．ASP网络开发技术．人民邮电出版社，2000：22-24页
[12]Derek Ferguson.ASP程序调试．段来盛等译．电子工业出版社，2001
[13]林尧瑞，马少平．人工智能导论．清华大学出版社，1989
[14]冯博琴．实用专家系统，电子工业出版社，1992
[15]杨叔子．基于知识的诊断推理．清华大学出版社，广西科学技术出版社，1993
[16]张金亭，刘陶琨等．基于组件技术的地籍信息系统开发研究．华中农业大学学报．2001，(1)
[17]罗平，惠韶文．Active X技术及其在CAI开发中的应用．电脑开发与应用．2001，14(2)
[18]牛德力，门葆红．组件式软件及其在GIS开发中的应用．测绘学院学报．2000,17(4)
[19]肖云奎．汽车故障诊断学．北京理工大学，2001
[20]陈杰基．汽车维修工实用手册．上海交通大学出版社，1997
[21]李照美．汽车诊断与检测技术．北京：中国农业出版社，1996
[22]肖云奎．汽车故障分析方法．军用汽车，1986
[23]董安．汽车故障异响诊断．北京理工大学，1997
[24]孙广珍等．汽车故障诊断与途中应急处理．北京：兵器工业出版社，1999
[25]高国恒．汽车检测诊断方法．北京：人民交通出版社，1999
[26]戴冠军．汽车维修工程．北京：人民交通出版社，1999
[27]黄德中．柴油机故障微机诊断系统．汽车技术．1994，(2)
[28]郑殿旺，刘闯．现代汽车电器故障诊断与排除实例．哈尔滨工业大学，1997
[29]雷继尧，轴承故障诊断．西安交通大学出版社，1991
[30]王凤岐．汽车诊断技术．北京：人民交通出版社，1996
[31]赵奎光．中国汽车检测与维修设备手册．北京：机械工业出版社，1996
[32]郭晓汾．实用汽车诊断技术与设备北京．西北工业大学出版社，1989
[33]张俊建．汽车诊断与检测技术．北京：人民交通出版社，1999
[34]王永庆．人工智能原理与方法．西安交通大学出版社，1985
[35]胡琳．汽车故障诊断专家系统诊断模型的研究．电子技术应用．1997，12
[36]肖云奎．汽车故障诊断专家系统的研究．汽车运输研究．1990，1
[37]施鸿宝，王秋荷．专家系统．西安交通大学出版社，1990
[38]肖云奎．汽车故障诊断树自动生成系统的研究．汽车运输．1990，6
[39]肖云奎．新一代汽车故障诊断专家系统．汽车运输研究．1991，1
[40]肖云奎．BP神经网络在汽车故障诊断中的应用．汽车运输。1990，1
[41]王志杰等．汽车变速器故障振动诊断方法的研究．汽车技术．1996，5
[42]徐章遂等，故障信息诊断原理与运用．北京：国防工业出版社，2000
[43]周青龙．故障诊断与监控．北京：兵器工业出版社，1992
[44]耿荣生等．汽车诊断学．天津：运输工程学院出版社，1988
[45]肖云奎．汽车实用诊断技术．天津：运输工程学院出版社．1988
[46]郭清洁．未来的汽车维修方法．汽车维护与修理．2000，1
[47]徐洪波．故障诊断型专家系统的推理方法及其应用的研究．哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文．2000：46-47页
[48]石红．液压系统故障诊断专家系统的研究与设计．哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文．2000：36-40页
[49]吉明．面向对象的减摇鳍故障诊断专家系统的研究与实现．哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文．1999：13-15页
[50]Books R.A. Intelligence without Represation Artificial Intelligence.1991,47
[51]Gallant S.I.Connectionist Expert System. Communications of the ACM. 1988,31 (2)
[52]Sushmita M,Sankcar K.P. Logical Operation Based Fuzzy MLP for Classification and Rule Generation.Neural Networks. 1994,7(2)
[53]Ramasamy Uthumsamy et al.Extracting Knowledge from Diagnosis Database.IEEE expert. 1993,8(6)
[54]Kazuro Hamada et al. Hybridizing a Genetic Algorigm with Rule-Based Reasoning for Production Planning. IEEE. 1995
[55]William Ford.Data Structure with C++.Prentice-Hall International INC. 1997
[56]David Mulvaney.A Rule-based Extension to the C++ language. Software-Practice and Expenrience.1997, 7(2)
[57]Tim Menzies. Object-oriented Patterns: Lessons from Expert System. Software-Practice and Experience. 1997, 12(7)
[58]Ramden T, Krus P. Fault Diagnosis of Complex Fluid Power System Using Neural Network.4th Scandinavian International Conference on Fluid Power, Tampere. 1995
[59]S.Tzafestas. Second Generation Diagnostic Expert System: Requirenents,Architectures and Propects. IFAC Fault Detection, Supervision and Safety for Technical Processes,Baden,Gremany. 1991
[60]K.Levenberg. A method for the solution of certain non-linear problems in least square. Quart Appl.Math. 1994
[61]F.Hayes-Rth, D.A.Waterman, D.B.Lenat. Building Expert Systems.A ddison Wesley. 1983
[62]D.A.Waterman. A Guide to Expert Systems..A ddison Wesley. 1985
[63]Clancey, W.J,R.Letsinger. NEOMYCIN:Reconfiguring a Rule-Based Expert System for Application to Teaching IJCAIT. 1981
[64]Z.L.Arey. Expert System Concepts and Examples.NCC Publications, 1984
[65]J.W. Ulrila,M.M.Constantine,L.Adeiman. Testing Knowledge-Based System.AD-A266361.1990
[66]Schultz Alan C.et al. Test and Evalution by Genetic Algorithms.IEEE Expert. 1993
[67]Brandon J A and Zhong Binglin. Data acquisition,singnal processing and modeling strategies for in process condition monitoring. Proc of the 29th MATADOR Conf, MacMillan Press Ltd. 1992
[68]Chen Changzheng.et al. Fault Diagnosis Method in Viabration Phase for Rotating Machinery. ICTD '95
[69]Chuel-Tin Chang et al.A Simple Design Strategy for Fault Monitoring Systems. AICHE Journal. 1993, 39 (7)
[70]Collacott R A.Mechanical Fault Diagnosis and Condition Monitor. London: Chapman and Hall. 1997
[71]Rumelhart D.E,Hinton G.E and Williams R.J.Leaming internal representations by error propagation. Cambridge: MIT Press. 1986
[72]Flandrin, P. On the spectrum of fractional brownian motions,IEEE Trans on Information Theory. 1989, 35(1)