攀西地区碱性岩的年代学研究及其地质意义
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摘要
碱性岩来源较深,是深部地球动力学过程在浅部地壳的直接表现和历史记录,它的这种深源浅成的属性带来了地球深部的物质组成、演化、地球动力学、构造和物理化学等重要信息,因此通过碱性岩的研究来探索地球深部奥秘是一个重要的途径。再加上,碱性岩的产出常与张性构造环境有关,被认为是这种环境下的特征产物,以及常与基性、超基性岩密切共生等特性,因此长期以来一直为岩石学家们所关注。研究区位于康滇地轴中段,东亚地壳由东西向阶梯状增厚的过渡带,为我国重要的构造带之一,它北接秦岭褶皱系,西临松潘-甘孜褶皱系,南靠三江褶皱系,属扬子板块西缘的一部分,为我国南-北向地质构造带的典型地区之一。20世纪60年代初期,在对攀西古裂谷开展地质和地球物理等综合研究期间,涉及到碱性岩的主要是岩石学和岩石地球化学方面的研究,年代学研究则开展的相对较晚,直到20世纪90年代末期才有一些研究结果。
本文对分布在攀西古裂谷带内的禄丰县鸡街和大向坪超基性碱性环状杂岩体中霞辉岩进行全岩~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar坪年龄测定,结果表明鸡街岩体和大向坪岩体中霞辉岩年龄范围在214～193 Ma,相当于晚三叠世,属于印支期,比该区猫猫沟、攀枝花等中性碱性岩侵位时间要晚,同时表明该区中性碱性岩侵位时间在前,超基性碱性岩侵位时间在后。
攀西会理猫猫沟环状碱性杂岩体中碱性长石正长岩为钠质碱性岩,含有暗色造岩矿物为钙铁辉石、铁韭闪石和黑云母,定年结果显示:碱性长石正长岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为224±8Ma,反映出岩浆结晶时间相当于晚三叠世,属于印支期;老核最大的U-Pb年龄为2818Ma,相当于晚太古代,这一年龄为康滇古陆地区存在太古宙的古老基底提供了锆石年代学方面的科学依据。
对攀西古裂谷带内茨达和太和两个层状辉长岩体进行了~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar法和锆石ELA-ICP-MS法定年。结果表明:茨达不含矿层状辉长岩中黑云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar坪年龄为256 Ma,太和含矿层状辉长岩中锆石U-Pb年龄为215 Ma,其年龄范围在256～215 Ma,相当于晚二叠世—晚三叠世,属于海西晚期—印支期,而且不含矿层状辉长岩侵位时间在前,含矿层状岩体侵位时间在后。鸡街和大向坪超基性碱性环状杂岩体的侵位时间略晚于含矿层状辉长岩的侵位时
Alkaline rocks are often associated with extensional tectonism and regarded as the characteristic products occurring in continental margins or rift zones. They were usually generated in deep-large-fault zone and closely connected with basic/ultrabasic rocks in space.Therefore, alkaline rocks are of significance in tectonic petrology. At the beginning of the 1980s, geological and geophysical studies were performed in Panzhihua-Xichang paleo-rift zone. However, these studies only involved geology and petrochemistry of the ring alkali complexes. The geochronological study was conducted during the 1990s.Because layered intrusions in Panxi paleorift host large-scale economic V-and Ti-bearing magnetite deposits, some geochronological studies have been done on it since the 1960s'. The dating techniques include K-Ar, Ar-Ar, Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd and U-Pb dating etc., but different researchers provided different results on the same layered intrusions so that the contentious ages on the timing of layered rocks have been produced. The present paper analyzes the age of the nephline-pyroxenite in ultrabasic ring alkalic complexes of Jijie and Daxiangping by Ar/ Ar method. These data shows the age of nephline-pyroxenite in ultrabasic ring alkalic complexes of Jijie and Daxiangping rang from 214~ 193Ma, which is consistant with the late Triassic epoch, belonging to Indosinian period. Generally speaking, the emplacement of ultrabasic ring alkalic complexes occurred later than that of the gabbro ore bearing.Alkali-feldspar syenites from the Maomaogou area of Huili County in Panxi of Sichuan Province, SW China are sodium alkaline rock, the minerals of which are mainly composed of calcic ferroaugite, ferroamphibole and biotite.The age of zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating is 224 ± 8Ma, suggesting that the Maomaogou alkali-feldspar syenite was formed in the late Triassic period. At the same time, two old age periods of relict cores of zircon are determined, they are the Archean age(2692-2818Ma) and Neoproterozoic age (622-691 Ma), respectively. These periods indicate that the cores derived from the crystal basement. Furthermore, the Archean age of zircon provides the first reliable SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating
evidence of >2.8G basement in the Xikang-Yunnan Axis of southwest of China.The Cida and Taihe layered intrusions in the Panxi paleorift were studied in this paper. The biotite 40Ar/39Ar dating and the zircon ELA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating for these layered intrusions have been performed. The ages obtained are as follows: the Cida rock body has biotite 40Ar/39Ar age of 256Ma; and the Taihe rock body has a zircon U-Pb age of 215Ma. These data suggest that the Cida and Taihe layered rock bodies were formed possibly in the late Variscan-Indosinian period about 256-215Ma ago.Further more, it is established that the ore-lean and low-grade layered gabbro bodies intruded earlier than ore-bearing and high-grade layered gabbro ones. Generally speaking, the emplacement of ultrabasic ring alkalic complexes occurred later than that of the gabbro ore bearing. It is believed that the timing of early intrusion emplacement(259-256Ma) is not the timing of pre-rift doming, but is consistent with the timing of rift during the late Permian, which is synchronous with the outpouring of Emeishan basalts during the late Permian-late Triassic Period(256-215Ma). Consequently, the whole process of layered gabbro magmatism after outpouring is closely related with the fault structure and mantle-plume activity.
本文对分布在攀西古裂谷带内的禄丰县鸡街和大向坪超基性碱性环状杂岩体中霞辉岩进行全岩~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar坪年龄测定,结果表明鸡街岩体和大向坪岩体中霞辉岩年龄范围在214～193 Ma,相当于晚三叠世,属于印支期,比该区猫猫沟、攀枝花等中性碱性岩侵位时间要晚,同时表明该区中性碱性岩侵位时间在前,超基性碱性岩侵位时间在后。
攀西会理猫猫沟环状碱性杂岩体中碱性长石正长岩为钠质碱性岩,含有暗色造岩矿物为钙铁辉石、铁韭闪石和黑云母,定年结果显示:碱性长石正长岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为224±8Ma,反映出岩浆结晶时间相当于晚三叠世,属于印支期;老核最大的U-Pb年龄为2818Ma,相当于晚太古代,这一年龄为康滇古陆地区存在太古宙的古老基底提供了锆石年代学方面的科学依据。
对攀西古裂谷带内茨达和太和两个层状辉长岩体进行了~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar法和锆石ELA-ICP-MS法定年。结果表明:茨达不含矿层状辉长岩中黑云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar坪年龄为256 Ma,太和含矿层状辉长岩中锆石U-Pb年龄为215 Ma,其年龄范围在256～215 Ma,相当于晚二叠世—晚三叠世,属于海西晚期—印支期,而且不含矿层状辉长岩侵位时间在前,含矿层状岩体侵位时间在后。鸡街和大向坪超基性碱性环状杂岩体的侵位时间略晚于含矿层状辉长岩的侵位时
Alkaline rocks are often associated with extensional tectonism and regarded as the characteristic products occurring in continental margins or rift zones. They were usually generated in deep-large-fault zone and closely connected with basic/ultrabasic rocks in space.Therefore, alkaline rocks are of significance in tectonic petrology. At the beginning of the 1980s, geological and geophysical studies were performed in Panzhihua-Xichang paleo-rift zone. However, these studies only involved geology and petrochemistry of the ring alkali complexes. The geochronological study was conducted during the 1990s.Because layered intrusions in Panxi paleorift host large-scale economic V-and Ti-bearing magnetite deposits, some geochronological studies have been done on it since the 1960s'. The dating techniques include K-Ar, Ar-Ar, Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd and U-Pb dating etc., but different researchers provided different results on the same layered intrusions so that the contentious ages on the timing of layered rocks have been produced. The present paper analyzes the age of the nephline-pyroxenite in ultrabasic ring alkalic complexes of Jijie and Daxiangping by Ar/ Ar method. These data shows the age of nephline-pyroxenite in ultrabasic ring alkalic complexes of Jijie and Daxiangping rang from 214~ 193Ma, which is consistant with the late Triassic epoch, belonging to Indosinian period. Generally speaking, the emplacement of ultrabasic ring alkalic complexes occurred later than that of the gabbro ore bearing.Alkali-feldspar syenites from the Maomaogou area of Huili County in Panxi of Sichuan Province, SW China are sodium alkaline rock, the minerals of which are mainly composed of calcic ferroaugite, ferroamphibole and biotite.The age of zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating is 224 ± 8Ma, suggesting that the Maomaogou alkali-feldspar syenite was formed in the late Triassic period. At the same time, two old age periods of relict cores of zircon are determined, they are the Archean age(2692-2818Ma) and Neoproterozoic age (622-691 Ma), respectively. These periods indicate that the cores derived from the crystal basement. Furthermore, the Archean age of zircon provides the first reliable SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating
evidence of >2.8G basement in the Xikang-Yunnan Axis of southwest of China.The Cida and Taihe layered intrusions in the Panxi paleorift were studied in this paper. The biotite 40Ar/39Ar dating and the zircon ELA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating for these layered intrusions have been performed. The ages obtained are as follows: the Cida rock body has biotite 40Ar/39Ar age of 256Ma; and the Taihe rock body has a zircon U-Pb age of 215Ma. These data suggest that the Cida and Taihe layered rock bodies were formed possibly in the late Variscan-Indosinian period about 256-215Ma ago.Further more, it is established that the ore-lean and low-grade layered gabbro bodies intruded earlier than ore-bearing and high-grade layered gabbro ones. Generally speaking, the emplacement of ultrabasic ring alkalic complexes occurred later than that of the gabbro ore bearing. It is believed that the timing of early intrusion emplacement(259-256Ma) is not the timing of pre-rift doming, but is consistent with the timing of rift during the late Permian, which is synchronous with the outpouring of Emeishan basalts during the late Permian-late Triassic Period(256-215Ma). Consequently, the whole process of layered gabbro magmatism after outpouring is closely related with the fault structure and mantle-plume activity.
引文
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