电路板的条形码识别与应用
|
摘要
为解决现有扫描器在印刷电路板生产线及出货包装线上出现的问题,提高生产线自动化程度,需利用影像技术实现条形码的识别,为此展开条形码识别的应用研究。
通过分析条形码的特点,根据系统内部通信关系,将架构分为影像模组与PC及影像模组之间的架构。系统采用影像模组-交换机-计算机的架构,影像模组数据由非屏蔽双绞线通过交换机传输到PC,形成由PC控制多个影像模组的内部局域网。PC根据IP地址访问局域网内相应的影像模组,发送控制命令或读取影像数据,从而实现软、硬件之间的信息交互。影像模组之间则利用光纤循环连接,形成光纤封闭环路,构成一台PC同时控制多组影像模组的架构,以产生同步曝光信号,控制影像模组同步曝光。
为满足系统检测速度与精度的要求,充分利用通信架构和硬件DSP的特性,分别设计硬件和软件程序。DSP程序设计中,设计影像储存模块用于获取并压缩影像,使该模块与识别软件相互配合,减少系统传输影像数据时的时间消耗,满足系统实时性要求。而系统软件设计则将软件分为操作界面、参数设置、命令解码控制、自动处理控制、影像扫描和条形码解码六个模块,并利用命令解码方式形成命令交互通道,确保根据不同案例的需求改变用户操作界面而不影响软件系统内部对条形码的识别处理。
经对不同类型条形码的测试表明,条形码识别达到预期设计要求,可与其他设备成功整合。该系统对二维条形码的识别系统的开发具有一定的参考价值。
In order to solve the problems of existing scanner in the circuit board and shipping packaging production line, improve the degree of automation of production line, needs to make use of video technology in the design of barcode recognition, thus spread out the applications research of barcode recognition.
By analyzing the charateristics of barcode and according to the system of internal communications relations, the system structure will be divided into two parts: the structure between video card and PC, and the structure among video cards. The system uses the video cards-switch-computer architecture, and uses the unshielded twisted pair to transmit the data of video cards through the switch to PC, formes a LAN controlling video cards from PC. PC accesses to the video cards with LAN based on IP for sending control orders or reading image data. In order to achieve the interaction of information between software and hardware, the structure among video cards with the use of optical fiber to form a closed loop, constitutes a structure of one PC controlling video cards, uses for producing synchronous exposure signal and controlling synchronous exposure of video cards. In order to meet the requirements of detection speed and accuracy, make full use of the communications structure and characteristics of the DSP, design the programs of hardware and software respectively. In the DSP programming, image storage module is designed for accessing and compressing image data, so that cooperates with recognition software. And it reduces the time consumption while transmitting image data, and meets the real-time requirement of system. System software design is divided into six modules: interface, set parameters, command control decoders, automated process control, image scanning and barcode decoding. Make use of command decoding method to form order-cross-channel to ensure that to change user interface depending on the different case needs without affecting the system for dealing with barcode identification.
After testing different types of barcodes that the barcode recognition is expected to meet the design requirements and can be successfully integrated with other devides. And also this system has some reference value for the development of two-dimensional barcode indentification system.
通过分析条形码的特点,根据系统内部通信关系,将架构分为影像模组与PC及影像模组之间的架构。系统采用影像模组-交换机-计算机的架构,影像模组数据由非屏蔽双绞线通过交换机传输到PC,形成由PC控制多个影像模组的内部局域网。PC根据IP地址访问局域网内相应的影像模组,发送控制命令或读取影像数据,从而实现软、硬件之间的信息交互。影像模组之间则利用光纤循环连接,形成光纤封闭环路,构成一台PC同时控制多组影像模组的架构,以产生同步曝光信号,控制影像模组同步曝光。
为满足系统检测速度与精度的要求,充分利用通信架构和硬件DSP的特性,分别设计硬件和软件程序。DSP程序设计中,设计影像储存模块用于获取并压缩影像,使该模块与识别软件相互配合,减少系统传输影像数据时的时间消耗,满足系统实时性要求。而系统软件设计则将软件分为操作界面、参数设置、命令解码控制、自动处理控制、影像扫描和条形码解码六个模块,并利用命令解码方式形成命令交互通道,确保根据不同案例的需求改变用户操作界面而不影响软件系统内部对条形码的识别处理。
经对不同类型条形码的测试表明,条形码识别达到预期设计要求,可与其他设备成功整合。该系统对二维条形码的识别系统的开发具有一定的参考价值。
In order to solve the problems of existing scanner in the circuit board and shipping packaging production line, improve the degree of automation of production line, needs to make use of video technology in the design of barcode recognition, thus spread out the applications research of barcode recognition.
By analyzing the charateristics of barcode and according to the system of internal communications relations, the system structure will be divided into two parts: the structure between video card and PC, and the structure among video cards. The system uses the video cards-switch-computer architecture, and uses the unshielded twisted pair to transmit the data of video cards through the switch to PC, formes a LAN controlling video cards from PC. PC accesses to the video cards with LAN based on IP for sending control orders or reading image data. In order to achieve the interaction of information between software and hardware, the structure among video cards with the use of optical fiber to form a closed loop, constitutes a structure of one PC controlling video cards, uses for producing synchronous exposure signal and controlling synchronous exposure of video cards. In order to meet the requirements of detection speed and accuracy, make full use of the communications structure and characteristics of the DSP, design the programs of hardware and software respectively. In the DSP programming, image storage module is designed for accessing and compressing image data, so that cooperates with recognition software. And it reduces the time consumption while transmitting image data, and meets the real-time requirement of system. System software design is divided into six modules: interface, set parameters, command control decoders, automated process control, image scanning and barcode decoding. Make use of command decoding method to form order-cross-channel to ensure that to change user interface depending on the different case needs without affecting the system for dealing with barcode identification.
After testing different types of barcodes that the barcode recognition is expected to meet the design requirements and can be successfully integrated with other devides. And also this system has some reference value for the development of two-dimensional barcode indentification system.
引文
[1]中国物品编码中心.条码技术与应用.北京:清华大学出版社, 2004: 33~35
[2]韦元华.条形码技术与应用.北京:北京邮电出版社, 2003: 50~54
[3]李金哲,朱俊英.条形码自动识别技术.北京:国防科技出版社, 1991: 30~45
[4]黄以群,董湘陵.条形码技术.北京:国防工业出版社, 2000: 128~134
[5]费振原.条码技术及应用.上海:上海科学技术文献出版社, 1992: 105~120
[6]黄志建,顾向阳,戴均陶.条形码技术与应用.北京:机械工业出版社, 1992: 51~53
[7] Joseph E and Pavlidis T. Wareform Recognition with Application to Bar Codes. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, Cybernetics, 1991: 129~134
[8]张鸣瑞.编码理论.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 1990: 5~9
[9]何红庄.基于影像识别模式的条码译码系统的研究.常州:河海大学常州分校校报, 2003, (2): 35~38
[10] Pamer R C. The Bar Code Book. America: Helmers Publishing Inc, 1991: 47~51
[11]江苏省标准情报研究所.条形码应用技术.北京:中国计量出版社, 1991: 30~33
[12]严惠民.一种具有纠错功能的条码解码方法.光学仪器, 1998, (4): 22~26
[13]姚俊,范永法.基于模板匹配的有复杂背景的条码图像区域分割.常州:河海大学常州分校校报, 2003, (4): 44~50
[14] Sorger K. A new Reed-Soloman Code Decoding Algorithm Based on Newton’s Interpolation. IEEE Transactions on Information Thory, 1993, (39): 358~365
[15]郭艳萍.检测自动化中的数字图像处理及识别[硕士学位论文].河海大学, 2002: 240~260
[16]王耀球.条码技术与电子数据交换.北京:中国铁道出版社, 1998: 13~16
[17]孙即祥.模式识别中的特征提取与计算机视觉不变量.北京:国防工业出版社, 2001: 248~250
[18]范永法,郭艳萍.条码图像处理及识别的软件开发.计算机应用研究, 2003, (2): 86~87
[19] Pavidis T and Swartz J. Fundamentals of bar code information thory. IEEE Computer, 1990, (4): 74~86
[20]袁伟华.条形码技术在物流管理中的应用.北京:电子工业出版社, 2005: 70~73
[21] American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Specifications for Bar Code Symbols on Transports Packages and Uint loads. MH10 sm, 1983: 30~35
[22] Pavlidis T, Swarttr J and Wang Y P. Information Encoding With Two-dimensional Bar Code. IEEE Computer, 1992, (6): 18~28
[23]汪茂殷,林伯奇,胡晓宇.条形码识别软件的设计与测试方法研究.桂林电子工业学院学报, 1996, (1): 54~59
[24] Shellhammer S J and Goren D P. Novel Signal-Processing Techniques in Barcode Scanning. IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine, 1999, (1): 57~65
[25] Sriram T and Rao V K. Applications of Barcode Technology in Automated Storge & Retrival Systems. Taipei: Proc of the 22nd Industrial Electronics Conference, 1996: 5~10
[26]刘韬,楼兴华. FPGA数字电子系统设计与开发实例导航.北京:人民邮电出版社, 2005: 5~6
[27]唐佩忠. VHDL与数位逻辑设计.台湾:高丽图书有限公司, 1999: 59~70
[28]张雄伟,陈亮,徐光辉. DSP芯片的原理与开发应用.电子工业出版社, 2003: 189~194
[29]张雄伟,曹铁勇. DSP芯片的原理与开发应用.北京:电子工业出版社, 2000: 58~67
[30]戴逸明.基于DSP的现代电子系统设计.北京:电子工业出版社, 2002: 157~168
[31]王念旭. DSP基础与应用系统设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2001: 37~39
[32] Dahnoun N. Digital Signal Processing Implementation using the TMS320C6000 DSP Platform. Prentice Hall, 2000: 50~53
[33]黄贤武.数字图像处理与压缩编码技术.成都:电子科技大学出版社, 2000: 70~71
[34]夏徳深,傅徳胜.现代图像处理技术与应用.南京:东南大学出版社, 1999: 355~368
[35] Shari L P.软件工程理论与实践.北京:高等教育出版社, 2001: 201~250
[36]阮秋琦.数字图像处理学.北京:电子工业出版社, 2001: 44~48
[37] Kenntch R C. Digital Image Processing. Prentice Hall, 1996: 230~240
[38] Luo Daisheng. Pattern recognition and image processing. Chinchester: Horwood Publishing, 1998: 54~56
[39]卡斯特曼.数字图像处理.北京:电子工业出版社, 2002: 126~130
[40]夏良正.数字图像处理.南京:东南大学出版社, 1999: 51~53
[41] Rosenfeld A. Picture Processing by Computer. New York: Acdemic, 1969: 76~84
[42] Milan S, Vaclav H and Roger B. Image Processing. USA: Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Asia Pte Led, 2000: 56~59
[43]荣观澳.计算机图像处理.北京:清华大学出版社, 2000: 20~22
[44] Anil K J. Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing. Prentice Hall, Inc, 1989: 96~98
[45] Kernel G. Shape Identification Using Image Processing. Transactions of ASAEm, 1997, 40(3): 829~830
[2]韦元华.条形码技术与应用.北京:北京邮电出版社, 2003: 50~54
[3]李金哲,朱俊英.条形码自动识别技术.北京:国防科技出版社, 1991: 30~45
[4]黄以群,董湘陵.条形码技术.北京:国防工业出版社, 2000: 128~134
[5]费振原.条码技术及应用.上海:上海科学技术文献出版社, 1992: 105~120
[6]黄志建,顾向阳,戴均陶.条形码技术与应用.北京:机械工业出版社, 1992: 51~53
[7] Joseph E and Pavlidis T. Wareform Recognition with Application to Bar Codes. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, Cybernetics, 1991: 129~134
[8]张鸣瑞.编码理论.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 1990: 5~9
[9]何红庄.基于影像识别模式的条码译码系统的研究.常州:河海大学常州分校校报, 2003, (2): 35~38
[10] Pamer R C. The Bar Code Book. America: Helmers Publishing Inc, 1991: 47~51
[11]江苏省标准情报研究所.条形码应用技术.北京:中国计量出版社, 1991: 30~33
[12]严惠民.一种具有纠错功能的条码解码方法.光学仪器, 1998, (4): 22~26
[13]姚俊,范永法.基于模板匹配的有复杂背景的条码图像区域分割.常州:河海大学常州分校校报, 2003, (4): 44~50
[14] Sorger K. A new Reed-Soloman Code Decoding Algorithm Based on Newton’s Interpolation. IEEE Transactions on Information Thory, 1993, (39): 358~365
[15]郭艳萍.检测自动化中的数字图像处理及识别[硕士学位论文].河海大学, 2002: 240~260
[16]王耀球.条码技术与电子数据交换.北京:中国铁道出版社, 1998: 13~16
[17]孙即祥.模式识别中的特征提取与计算机视觉不变量.北京:国防工业出版社, 2001: 248~250
[18]范永法,郭艳萍.条码图像处理及识别的软件开发.计算机应用研究, 2003, (2): 86~87
[19] Pavidis T and Swartz J. Fundamentals of bar code information thory. IEEE Computer, 1990, (4): 74~86
[20]袁伟华.条形码技术在物流管理中的应用.北京:电子工业出版社, 2005: 70~73
[21] American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Specifications for Bar Code Symbols on Transports Packages and Uint loads. MH10 sm, 1983: 30~35
[22] Pavlidis T, Swarttr J and Wang Y P. Information Encoding With Two-dimensional Bar Code. IEEE Computer, 1992, (6): 18~28
[23]汪茂殷,林伯奇,胡晓宇.条形码识别软件的设计与测试方法研究.桂林电子工业学院学报, 1996, (1): 54~59
[24] Shellhammer S J and Goren D P. Novel Signal-Processing Techniques in Barcode Scanning. IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine, 1999, (1): 57~65
[25] Sriram T and Rao V K. Applications of Barcode Technology in Automated Storge & Retrival Systems. Taipei: Proc of the 22nd Industrial Electronics Conference, 1996: 5~10
[26]刘韬,楼兴华. FPGA数字电子系统设计与开发实例导航.北京:人民邮电出版社, 2005: 5~6
[27]唐佩忠. VHDL与数位逻辑设计.台湾:高丽图书有限公司, 1999: 59~70
[28]张雄伟,陈亮,徐光辉. DSP芯片的原理与开发应用.电子工业出版社, 2003: 189~194
[29]张雄伟,曹铁勇. DSP芯片的原理与开发应用.北京:电子工业出版社, 2000: 58~67
[30]戴逸明.基于DSP的现代电子系统设计.北京:电子工业出版社, 2002: 157~168
[31]王念旭. DSP基础与应用系统设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2001: 37~39
[32] Dahnoun N. Digital Signal Processing Implementation using the TMS320C6000 DSP Platform. Prentice Hall, 2000: 50~53
[33]黄贤武.数字图像处理与压缩编码技术.成都:电子科技大学出版社, 2000: 70~71
[34]夏徳深,傅徳胜.现代图像处理技术与应用.南京:东南大学出版社, 1999: 355~368
[35] Shari L P.软件工程理论与实践.北京:高等教育出版社, 2001: 201~250
[36]阮秋琦.数字图像处理学.北京:电子工业出版社, 2001: 44~48
[37] Kenntch R C. Digital Image Processing. Prentice Hall, 1996: 230~240
[38] Luo Daisheng. Pattern recognition and image processing. Chinchester: Horwood Publishing, 1998: 54~56
[39]卡斯特曼.数字图像处理.北京:电子工业出版社, 2002: 126~130
[40]夏良正.数字图像处理.南京:东南大学出版社, 1999: 51~53
[41] Rosenfeld A. Picture Processing by Computer. New York: Acdemic, 1969: 76~84
[42] Milan S, Vaclav H and Roger B. Image Processing. USA: Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Asia Pte Led, 2000: 56~59
[43]荣观澳.计算机图像处理.北京:清华大学出版社, 2000: 20~22
[44] Anil K J. Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing. Prentice Hall, Inc, 1989: 96~98
[45] Kernel G. Shape Identification Using Image Processing. Transactions of ASAEm, 1997, 40(3): 829~830