西方当代建筑设计手法剖析与研究
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摘要
建筑设计手法是落实设计构思、解决设计矛盾的技巧或手段,具有很强的可操作性。在建筑创作中运用特定的建筑设计手法,有助于建筑师更有效地解决特定的设计问题,表达特定的建筑创作构思。
论文在前人研究成果的基础上,剖析若干当代西方建筑作品,从特定视角研究世界优秀建筑师的建筑作品中体现的极具借鉴价值的建筑设计手法,论述当代建筑师应用这些建筑设计手法的创新成果。
论文论述的4种建筑设计手法分别是：在不影响建筑内部空间及使用功能的基础上,建筑构成凸显建筑整体三维形体中的“面”,以“面”代“体”,“面’成为建筑形式创作主角的“化体为面”的建筑设计手法；将原本完整连贯的建筑整体或局部有意识地断开或分离而造成建筑形体整体或局部的不完整、不连贯,以表达特定建筑审美观念的“断裂”建筑设计手法；将建筑主体按常规设计而对建筑局部形式创新,使其成为方案设计点睛之笔的“建筑领带”建筑设计手法；使用由线性构件构成的“网罩”围合建筑,创造与环境融合、具备全新建筑形式的“网罩”建筑设计手法。
论文在大量分析研究原始资料的基础上,提炼所论述的建筑设计手法的精髓,借助电脑绘制的建筑图式语言表达模式,绘制多幅准确表达作者论点的建筑设计手法分析图,简洁形象地表达建筑设计手法的基本概念,是使用适应社会发展的建筑论文创新表达模式的尝试。
论文论述的建筑设计手法是建筑师在建筑创作过程中探索建筑形式创新的有效手段。但是,这些建筑设计手法并不是仅仅关注建筑形式创新的“造型设计手法”,而是同时解决建筑功能组织、建筑空间塑造、建筑技术应用,以及建筑形式创新等建筑设计诸多方面种种问题的建筑设计手法。论文在剖析一流建筑师使用这些建筑设计手法创作的建筑作品时,有意识地强调这些建筑作品体现的建筑设计手法与建筑形式、功能、环境及经济技术的完美结合,强调根据实际设计项目的具体条件选择适宜的建筑设计手法的重要性。
Architecture design manner, with the strong operability, is the skill or means to implement the design concept and to solve the contradiction of design. The use of specific Architecture design manner in the process of building can help the architects to resolve specific design problems effectively and express specific architectural design ideas.
Based on the results of previous studies, the paper analyzes several exemplary architectural works of contemporary architecture design. From a specific perspective, the paper studies the Architecture design manner with the same excellence and high value of reference which is reflected in the excellent architectural works of these outstanding first-rate architects. Besides. the paper also discusses the new results of contemporary architects with the application of these architecture design manners.
The paper discusses four architecture design manners. On the basis of not affecting the internal space and function, the first kind of Architecture design manner separates the two-dimensional wall space from three-dimensional structure and emphasizes the Architecture design manner which regards "piece" instead of "mass" as the protagonist and "peel mass into pieces". By consciously disconnecting or separating the originally complete and coherent architecture structure wholly or partly, the second architecture design manner aims to express the specific aesthetic concept of "rupture" in architecture. By designing the building body in a conventional way, the third design approach makes bold form innovation on part of the building so that the design will become the fabulous "architecture necktie" of the schematic design. The final design approach uses one-dimensional wire to make an enclosure building with the ornament structure of "mesh" so as to change the three-dimensional entity appearance and creates a totally new building form which is in harmony with the environment.
Based on lots of analysis and research of the original material, the paper refines the quintessence of the architecture design manners discussed in the thesis. Besides, the paper draws many architecture design analysis charts that express the author's viewpoints accurately with the help of the graphic language expression mode of architecture scheme drew by computer. These charts express the basic concept of architecture design manner graphically. So it's a try to apply the innovative expression mode of architecture paper which adapts to social development.
The architecture design manners discussed in the paper are the effective ways to explore architecture innovation in the process of architecture working. However, these architecture design manners not only focus on the "design approach" of architecture form innovation. They are also the approaches that resolve many problems in all aspects, such as building functional organization, building spatial shape, the application of construction technology, and architectural form innovation. In the process of analyzing these exemplary architectural works made by the world first-rate architects with these architecture design manners, the paper emphasizes consciously the perfect combination of these architecture design manners reflected in the works with the architecture form, function, environment, and economic technology. Moreover, the paper also emphasizes the importance of choosing appropriate Architecture design manner according to the concrete conditions of the practical design project.
论文在前人研究成果的基础上,剖析若干当代西方建筑作品,从特定视角研究世界优秀建筑师的建筑作品中体现的极具借鉴价值的建筑设计手法,论述当代建筑师应用这些建筑设计手法的创新成果。
论文论述的4种建筑设计手法分别是：在不影响建筑内部空间及使用功能的基础上,建筑构成凸显建筑整体三维形体中的“面”,以“面”代“体”,“面’成为建筑形式创作主角的“化体为面”的建筑设计手法；将原本完整连贯的建筑整体或局部有意识地断开或分离而造成建筑形体整体或局部的不完整、不连贯,以表达特定建筑审美观念的“断裂”建筑设计手法；将建筑主体按常规设计而对建筑局部形式创新,使其成为方案设计点睛之笔的“建筑领带”建筑设计手法；使用由线性构件构成的“网罩”围合建筑,创造与环境融合、具备全新建筑形式的“网罩”建筑设计手法。
论文在大量分析研究原始资料的基础上,提炼所论述的建筑设计手法的精髓,借助电脑绘制的建筑图式语言表达模式,绘制多幅准确表达作者论点的建筑设计手法分析图,简洁形象地表达建筑设计手法的基本概念,是使用适应社会发展的建筑论文创新表达模式的尝试。
论文论述的建筑设计手法是建筑师在建筑创作过程中探索建筑形式创新的有效手段。但是,这些建筑设计手法并不是仅仅关注建筑形式创新的“造型设计手法”,而是同时解决建筑功能组织、建筑空间塑造、建筑技术应用,以及建筑形式创新等建筑设计诸多方面种种问题的建筑设计手法。论文在剖析一流建筑师使用这些建筑设计手法创作的建筑作品时,有意识地强调这些建筑作品体现的建筑设计手法与建筑形式、功能、环境及经济技术的完美结合,强调根据实际设计项目的具体条件选择适宜的建筑设计手法的重要性。
Architecture design manner, with the strong operability, is the skill or means to implement the design concept and to solve the contradiction of design. The use of specific Architecture design manner in the process of building can help the architects to resolve specific design problems effectively and express specific architectural design ideas.
Based on the results of previous studies, the paper analyzes several exemplary architectural works of contemporary architecture design. From a specific perspective, the paper studies the Architecture design manner with the same excellence and high value of reference which is reflected in the excellent architectural works of these outstanding first-rate architects. Besides. the paper also discusses the new results of contemporary architects with the application of these architecture design manners.
The paper discusses four architecture design manners. On the basis of not affecting the internal space and function, the first kind of Architecture design manner separates the two-dimensional wall space from three-dimensional structure and emphasizes the Architecture design manner which regards "piece" instead of "mass" as the protagonist and "peel mass into pieces". By consciously disconnecting or separating the originally complete and coherent architecture structure wholly or partly, the second architecture design manner aims to express the specific aesthetic concept of "rupture" in architecture. By designing the building body in a conventional way, the third design approach makes bold form innovation on part of the building so that the design will become the fabulous "architecture necktie" of the schematic design. The final design approach uses one-dimensional wire to make an enclosure building with the ornament structure of "mesh" so as to change the three-dimensional entity appearance and creates a totally new building form which is in harmony with the environment.
Based on lots of analysis and research of the original material, the paper refines the quintessence of the architecture design manners discussed in the thesis. Besides, the paper draws many architecture design analysis charts that express the author's viewpoints accurately with the help of the graphic language expression mode of architecture scheme drew by computer. These charts express the basic concept of architecture design manner graphically. So it's a try to apply the innovative expression mode of architecture paper which adapts to social development.
The architecture design manners discussed in the paper are the effective ways to explore architecture innovation in the process of architecture working. However, these architecture design manners not only focus on the "design approach" of architecture form innovation. They are also the approaches that resolve many problems in all aspects, such as building functional organization, building spatial shape, the application of construction technology, and architectural form innovation. In the process of analyzing these exemplary architectural works made by the world first-rate architects with these architecture design manners, the paper emphasizes consciously the perfect combination of these architecture design manners reflected in the works with the architecture form, function, environment, and economic technology. Moreover, the paper also emphasizes the importance of choosing appropriate Architecture design manner according to the concrete conditions of the practical design project.
引文
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[3]沈福煦.建筑设计手法[M].上海：同济大学出版社,1999.
[4]杨秉德著.建筑设计方法概论[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2009.
[5]王受之著.世界现代建筑史[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1999.
[6][日]小林克弘编著.建筑构成手法[M].陈志华,王小盾译.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2004.
[7]张楠著.当代建筑创作手法解析：多元+ 聚合[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2003.
[8]Richard C. Levene, Fernando Marquez Cecilia主编.薛皓东,庄能发译,法兰克·盖瑞1991—1995[M].台北市：圣文书局,1997.
[9]万书元著.当代西方建筑美学[M].南京：东南大学出版社,2001.
[10][美]罗伯特·文丘里著.建筑的复杂性与矛盾性[M].周波颐译.北京：中国水利水电出版社、知识产权出版社,2006.
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