空间卫星网络自主管理及其协作模型研究
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摘要
空间卫星网络作为一种新型的无线移动通信网络,与其他通信网络相比独有的特性增加了网络管理的难度,现有的网络管理技术很难应用于空间卫星网络管理。网络自主管理强调分域管理和协作管理,实现自主管理可以满足空间卫星网络管理系统的实时性和抗毁性要求。论文的工作集中在实现空间卫星网络自主管理所需的信息和通信基础、管理域划分算法和协作模型方面,做了以下几个方面的工作:
1.研究了包括功能模型、信息模型和通信模型的空间卫星网络管理模型
首先提出包括故障管理、拓扑管理、性能管理、资源与任务管理的空间卫星网络管理功能模型。在故障管理中,提出卫星节点级诊断与卫星载荷级诊断相结合的诊断策略;在拓扑管理中,研究了拓扑轮询机制并分析了网络时延对拓扑信息获取的影响;在性能管理中,给出基于测量的通信链路瓶颈带宽定位方法;在资源与任务管理中,通过定义空间卫星网络的资源给出网络任务的形式化描述并分析了任务的特征。其次提出空间卫星网络管理信息模型SN MIB,采用ASN.1描述语言,利用被管对象的标识符将管理信息以树形的层次化方式组织,利于管理信息的检索与定位,为实现功能模型中的管理功能提供信息基础。最后提出包括域内通信协议IntraDCP和域间通信协议InterDCP的空间卫星网络管理通信模型结构,并详细设计了IntraDCP的协议数据单元。
2.提出不同空间卫星网络结构中的自主管理域划分算法
首先在多层空间卫星网络中提出了基于管理分站与被管卫星间通信链路时延的管理域划分算法ABDL,通过分析相关仿真结果,进一步提出了改进划分算法δ-ABDL,提高了管理域的平均稳定时间。其次根据单层空间卫星网络的特征,提出了单层网络管理域划分算法ADSSNMD,并给出了卫星节点选择管理域的算法ASNSM,相关仿真结果表明采用ADSSNMD+ASNSM算法可以提高单层网络管理域的平均稳定时间。从理论上证明了上述算法的唯一性和完备性。
3.提出基于服务的网络自主管理协作模型
通过定义服务、管理目标和协作目标,提出了基于服务的网络自主管理协作模型。利用与/或图对该模型进行了描述,并提出了两种协作方案的求解算法AFAMCS和AGCBG。设计了管理分站服务描述语言sMSDL和管理分站间协作交互协议CiCP。最后对自主管理协作模型在空间卫星网络管理功能中的应用进行了研究,其中在故障管理中,研究了协作模型在节点级故障诊断中的应用;在拓扑管理中,研究了协作模型在获取整个网络拓扑信息中的应用;在性能管理中,研究了协作模型在通信链路带宽性能分析中的应用;在资源与任务管理中,研究了协作模型在资源申请、释放以及任务状态获取中的应用。通过上述研究可以看出利用自主管理协作模型可以实现对空间卫星网络的自主管理。
4.设计了基于HLA/RTI的空间卫星网络自主管理仿真系统SSNAMSS
在SSNAMSS中卫星节点、星间链路、卫星轨道、管理分站、仿真控制和通信节点路由被划分为功能独立的联邦成员。这种结构具有良好的可扩展性,可适用于不同的空间卫星网络结构,同时可以适应不同的路由策略和各类空间通信链路模型。对空间卫星网络自主管理的故障诊断、拓扑发现、通信链路带宽获取以及资源与任务管理中的资源申请和释放进行了仿真,并对采用地面网管中心管理网络进行了仿真,最后对空间卫星网络自主管理的协议进行了仿真。相关仿真结果表明采用自主管理不仅可以完成各项管理功能,而且能实时的管理网络,解决了采用地面网管中心管理网络时所面临不能实时管理网络的问题;IntraDCP在响应时间和带宽占用率上比SNMP更适合空间卫星网络的管理;对管理分站间协作时产生的通信量进行统计的结果表明管理分站间利用自主管理协作模型进行协作产生的数据量所占比重很小,满足空间卫星网络管理的需求。
Space satellites network is a novel wireless mobile communication network. Comparing with other communication networks, its unique properties increase the difficulties to the network management and current network management technologies can be hardly used in its management. Network autonomous management emphasizes distributed managing network by collaboration and can meet the requirements of real-time managing and anti-destruction ability of space satellites network management system. Focusing on the foundation of information and communication, algorithms of dividing management domains and collaboration model, which are required in the implementation of space satellites network autonomous management, this paper makes following contributions:
1. Investigate the management model in space satellites network management, which includes function model, information model, and communication model.
Propose the function model which includes fault management, topology management, performance management, resource and mission management. In fault management, diagnosing policy combining satellite nodes diagnosis and payloads diagnosis is proposed; in topology management, the mechanism of topology polling is researched and the effects of delay of network on collecting topology information are analyzed; in performance management, a method of locating bottleneck of communication links is proposed; in resource and mission management, formal description of mission in satellites network is presented by defining the resources of satellites network and the characteristics of mission are analysed. Propose the information model, SN_MIB, in space satellites network management, which using ASN.1 to organise the management information of managed object in hierarchical tree-type according to the managed object identifier. The indexing and locating the management information can be easily performed. And the information model provides the information basis in the implementation of management function. Propose the architecture of communication model, which includes IntraDCP and InterDCP, and the protocol data units of IntraDCP are designed.
2. Propose algorithms of dividing management domains in different architectures of satellites networks.
Firstly a dividing algorithm of management domains, ABDL, is given based on the delay of communication links between the managed satellites and the sub-managers in multiplex-layers space satellites network. An improved algorithm,δ-ABDL, which can increase the average stable time of management domains, is presented with a dividing factorδbased on the analysis of related simulation results. A dividing algorithm of management domains in simplex-layer satellites network, ADSSNMD, is given based on its characteristics and the algorithm of the managed satellites selecting its sub-manager, ASNSM, is also presented. Related simulation results show that algorithm of ADSSNMD+ASNSM can increase the stable time of the management domains. The uniqueness and the completeness of these algorithms are proven in theory.
3. Present a service-based collaboration model of network autonomous management.
By defining the service, management goal and collaboration goal, service-based collaboration model is presented. Describe the model with and/or graph and two algorithms of finding collaboration schemes, AFAMCS and AGCBG, are proposed. A service description language, sMSDL, and collaboration inter-communication protocol, CiCP, are designed. Finally research the applications of autonomous management collaboration model in management functions of space satellites network. In fault management, application of collaboration model in nodes diagnosis is researched; in topology management, application of collaboration model in gathering the topology information of entire network is researched; in performance management, application of collaboration model in analyzing the bandwidth performance of the communication links is researched; in resource and mission management, application of collaboration model in applying and releasing resource, gathering status of mission are researched. These researches show that the collaboration model of autonomous management can implement the autonomous management in satellites network.
4. Design SSNAMSS, a HLA/RTI-based simulation system of space satellites network autonomous management.
In SSNAMSS, satellite nodes, inter-satellites links, satellite orbits, sub-managers, simulation controlling and communication nodes' routing are divided into function-independent federates. This architecture has a good extensibility and it can be used in different satellite constellations while it is adapted to different routing strategies and types of space communication link models. Simulate the nodes fault diagnosis, topology discovery, obtaining the bandwidth of communication links, applying and releasing the resources in resource and mission management. Meanwhile simulate the managing the satellites network by the ground network management center. Related simulation results indicate that autonomous collaboration model can support sub-managers to fulfill the management tasks of the whole network and that autonomous network management can resolve the problem that ground network center can not manage network in real time. Statistics of simulating IntraDCP and SNMP show that IntraDCP is more suitable for satellites network management than SNMP in respect of the responding time and the ratio of using bandwidth. Statistics of data stream generated by the communication of collaboration among sub-managers show that collaboration model can meet the requirements of satellites network management.
1.研究了包括功能模型、信息模型和通信模型的空间卫星网络管理模型
首先提出包括故障管理、拓扑管理、性能管理、资源与任务管理的空间卫星网络管理功能模型。在故障管理中,提出卫星节点级诊断与卫星载荷级诊断相结合的诊断策略;在拓扑管理中,研究了拓扑轮询机制并分析了网络时延对拓扑信息获取的影响;在性能管理中,给出基于测量的通信链路瓶颈带宽定位方法;在资源与任务管理中,通过定义空间卫星网络的资源给出网络任务的形式化描述并分析了任务的特征。其次提出空间卫星网络管理信息模型SN MIB,采用ASN.1描述语言,利用被管对象的标识符将管理信息以树形的层次化方式组织,利于管理信息的检索与定位,为实现功能模型中的管理功能提供信息基础。最后提出包括域内通信协议IntraDCP和域间通信协议InterDCP的空间卫星网络管理通信模型结构,并详细设计了IntraDCP的协议数据单元。
2.提出不同空间卫星网络结构中的自主管理域划分算法
首先在多层空间卫星网络中提出了基于管理分站与被管卫星间通信链路时延的管理域划分算法ABDL,通过分析相关仿真结果,进一步提出了改进划分算法δ-ABDL,提高了管理域的平均稳定时间。其次根据单层空间卫星网络的特征,提出了单层网络管理域划分算法ADSSNMD,并给出了卫星节点选择管理域的算法ASNSM,相关仿真结果表明采用ADSSNMD+ASNSM算法可以提高单层网络管理域的平均稳定时间。从理论上证明了上述算法的唯一性和完备性。
3.提出基于服务的网络自主管理协作模型
通过定义服务、管理目标和协作目标,提出了基于服务的网络自主管理协作模型。利用与/或图对该模型进行了描述,并提出了两种协作方案的求解算法AFAMCS和AGCBG。设计了管理分站服务描述语言sMSDL和管理分站间协作交互协议CiCP。最后对自主管理协作模型在空间卫星网络管理功能中的应用进行了研究,其中在故障管理中,研究了协作模型在节点级故障诊断中的应用;在拓扑管理中,研究了协作模型在获取整个网络拓扑信息中的应用;在性能管理中,研究了协作模型在通信链路带宽性能分析中的应用;在资源与任务管理中,研究了协作模型在资源申请、释放以及任务状态获取中的应用。通过上述研究可以看出利用自主管理协作模型可以实现对空间卫星网络的自主管理。
4.设计了基于HLA/RTI的空间卫星网络自主管理仿真系统SSNAMSS
在SSNAMSS中卫星节点、星间链路、卫星轨道、管理分站、仿真控制和通信节点路由被划分为功能独立的联邦成员。这种结构具有良好的可扩展性,可适用于不同的空间卫星网络结构,同时可以适应不同的路由策略和各类空间通信链路模型。对空间卫星网络自主管理的故障诊断、拓扑发现、通信链路带宽获取以及资源与任务管理中的资源申请和释放进行了仿真,并对采用地面网管中心管理网络进行了仿真,最后对空间卫星网络自主管理的协议进行了仿真。相关仿真结果表明采用自主管理不仅可以完成各项管理功能,而且能实时的管理网络,解决了采用地面网管中心管理网络时所面临不能实时管理网络的问题;IntraDCP在响应时间和带宽占用率上比SNMP更适合空间卫星网络的管理;对管理分站间协作时产生的通信量进行统计的结果表明管理分站间利用自主管理协作模型进行协作产生的数据量所占比重很小,满足空间卫星网络管理的需求。
Space satellites network is a novel wireless mobile communication network. Comparing with other communication networks, its unique properties increase the difficulties to the network management and current network management technologies can be hardly used in its management. Network autonomous management emphasizes distributed managing network by collaboration and can meet the requirements of real-time managing and anti-destruction ability of space satellites network management system. Focusing on the foundation of information and communication, algorithms of dividing management domains and collaboration model, which are required in the implementation of space satellites network autonomous management, this paper makes following contributions:
1. Investigate the management model in space satellites network management, which includes function model, information model, and communication model.
Propose the function model which includes fault management, topology management, performance management, resource and mission management. In fault management, diagnosing policy combining satellite nodes diagnosis and payloads diagnosis is proposed; in topology management, the mechanism of topology polling is researched and the effects of delay of network on collecting topology information are analyzed; in performance management, a method of locating bottleneck of communication links is proposed; in resource and mission management, formal description of mission in satellites network is presented by defining the resources of satellites network and the characteristics of mission are analysed. Propose the information model, SN_MIB, in space satellites network management, which using ASN.1 to organise the management information of managed object in hierarchical tree-type according to the managed object identifier. The indexing and locating the management information can be easily performed. And the information model provides the information basis in the implementation of management function. Propose the architecture of communication model, which includes IntraDCP and InterDCP, and the protocol data units of IntraDCP are designed.
2. Propose algorithms of dividing management domains in different architectures of satellites networks.
Firstly a dividing algorithm of management domains, ABDL, is given based on the delay of communication links between the managed satellites and the sub-managers in multiplex-layers space satellites network. An improved algorithm,δ-ABDL, which can increase the average stable time of management domains, is presented with a dividing factorδbased on the analysis of related simulation results. A dividing algorithm of management domains in simplex-layer satellites network, ADSSNMD, is given based on its characteristics and the algorithm of the managed satellites selecting its sub-manager, ASNSM, is also presented. Related simulation results show that algorithm of ADSSNMD+ASNSM can increase the stable time of the management domains. The uniqueness and the completeness of these algorithms are proven in theory.
3. Present a service-based collaboration model of network autonomous management.
By defining the service, management goal and collaboration goal, service-based collaboration model is presented. Describe the model with and/or graph and two algorithms of finding collaboration schemes, AFAMCS and AGCBG, are proposed. A service description language, sMSDL, and collaboration inter-communication protocol, CiCP, are designed. Finally research the applications of autonomous management collaboration model in management functions of space satellites network. In fault management, application of collaboration model in nodes diagnosis is researched; in topology management, application of collaboration model in gathering the topology information of entire network is researched; in performance management, application of collaboration model in analyzing the bandwidth performance of the communication links is researched; in resource and mission management, application of collaboration model in applying and releasing resource, gathering status of mission are researched. These researches show that the collaboration model of autonomous management can implement the autonomous management in satellites network.
4. Design SSNAMSS, a HLA/RTI-based simulation system of space satellites network autonomous management.
In SSNAMSS, satellite nodes, inter-satellites links, satellite orbits, sub-managers, simulation controlling and communication nodes' routing are divided into function-independent federates. This architecture has a good extensibility and it can be used in different satellite constellations while it is adapted to different routing strategies and types of space communication link models. Simulate the nodes fault diagnosis, topology discovery, obtaining the bandwidth of communication links, applying and releasing the resources in resource and mission management. Meanwhile simulate the managing the satellites network by the ground network management center. Related simulation results indicate that autonomous collaboration model can support sub-managers to fulfill the management tasks of the whole network and that autonomous network management can resolve the problem that ground network center can not manage network in real time. Statistics of simulating IntraDCP and SNMP show that IntraDCP is more suitable for satellites network management than SNMP in respect of the responding time and the ratio of using bandwidth. Statistics of data stream generated by the communication of collaboration among sub-managers show that collaboration model can meet the requirements of satellites network management.
引文
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