乐亭县农村配电网无功补偿的研究
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摘要
电网无功平衡是保证电力系统的电能质量、降低损耗、使电网经济、安全、可靠运行的重要部分。在电力系统中,用电设备多呈感性,且功率因数较低,从而导致电网中出现大量的无功功率,降低了供电质量。在乐亭县农村中压电网中,由于输电线路长、配电变压器多、负荷季节性和时变性较强,线路无功损耗更加明显,使得农网存在较大的降损空间。针对乐亭县农村中压配电网无功损失较为严重的现象,本文按照集中补偿与分散补偿相结合、高压补偿与低压补偿相结合、调压与降损相结合的原则,做了以下几方面的工作:(1)通过农网无功算法,对农网的无功进行数学分析,论述了通过在10KV线路安装电容无功补偿装置进行无功补偿的原理;(2)通过对乐亭县两条典型农网10kV配电线路的分析,得出了利用配变低压侧集中补偿+中压线路补偿这一补偿模式的补偿方案,由于该线路季节性变化较大应采用自动投切无功补偿装置,确定了应用户外高压无功自动补偿装置,通过数值计算分析确定了这一方案的节能效果。(3)通过分析变电站调容工作原理及特点,对变电站的调容方式进行了比较,结合马头营35kV变电站无功调容系统农网改造的实际应用,提出并实施了一种新型的适合农网特点的无功调容方式,对乐亭县农网35KV变电站的无功补偿系统进行改造。
Reactive power balance is to ensure that the power system, power quality, reduce losses, the power system economic, safe and reliable operation of the important part. In the power system, electrical equipment mostly emotional, and low power factor, resulting in a large number of grid reactive power, reduce the quality of power supply. Leting County in the medium voltage power grid, because of long transmission lines, distribution transformers and more seasonal and time-varying load of strong reactive power loss is more obvious, so there is a big loss reduction and rural power grid space. Leting County for medium voltage distribution network reactive losses more serious phenomenon, this focus on compensation and dispersion compensation in accordance with the combination of high compensation and the combination of low compensation, voltage regulation and the principle of combining Loss Reduction, made the following aspects work:(1) According to the reactive power algorithm of the rural power network, reactive power of the rural power network is analyzed. This paper also discusses the principle of reactive power compensation, which is installing the capacitor reactive power compensation in 10kV line. (2) According to the analysis of two typical rural 10kV distribution lines in LeTing county, the compensation scheme is presented, which makes the low voltage side with concentrated compensation and adds the medium voltage circuit compensation. As the major seasonal variation in this line, larger auto-switching reactive power compensation devices should be applied. The energy saving effect of this scheme is determined on the basis of the numerical analysis. (3) According to the principle and characteristic of adjustable capacitors in the substation, the operating mode of adjustable capacitors is compared. Based on the practical application of rural reactive power compensation system with adjustable capacitors in 35kV Matouying substation, a new mode of reactive power compensation system with adjustable capacitors is put forward and used. The system of reactive power compensation system in rural 35kV LeTing substation is improved.
Reactive power balance is to ensure that the power system, power quality, reduce losses, the power system economic, safe and reliable operation of the important part. In the power system, electrical equipment mostly emotional, and low power factor, resulting in a large number of grid reactive power, reduce the quality of power supply. Leting County in the medium voltage power grid, because of long transmission lines, distribution transformers and more seasonal and time-varying load of strong reactive power loss is more obvious, so there is a big loss reduction and rural power grid space. Leting County for medium voltage distribution network reactive losses more serious phenomenon, this focus on compensation and dispersion compensation in accordance with the combination of high compensation and the combination of low compensation, voltage regulation and the principle of combining Loss Reduction, made the following aspects work:(1) According to the reactive power algorithm of the rural power network, reactive power of the rural power network is analyzed. This paper also discusses the principle of reactive power compensation, which is installing the capacitor reactive power compensation in 10kV line. (2) According to the analysis of two typical rural 10kV distribution lines in LeTing county, the compensation scheme is presented, which makes the low voltage side with concentrated compensation and adds the medium voltage circuit compensation. As the major seasonal variation in this line, larger auto-switching reactive power compensation devices should be applied. The energy saving effect of this scheme is determined on the basis of the numerical analysis. (3) According to the principle and characteristic of adjustable capacitors in the substation, the operating mode of adjustable capacitors is compared. Based on the practical application of rural reactive power compensation system with adjustable capacitors in 35kV Matouying substation, a new mode of reactive power compensation system with adjustable capacitors is put forward and used. The system of reactive power compensation system in rural 35kV LeTing substation is improved.
引文
[1]林玮玲,李有铖.供电企业如何开展节能降损工作[J].大众用电. 2005, (7):17-18
[2] M.A. Kashem, D.T.M. Negnevitsky, and G. Ledwich. Distributed Generation for Minimization of Power Losses in Distribution Systems [J]. IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2006, (6):8-14
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[6]赵文忠.农村配电网实用无功补偿技术综述[J].低压电器. 2010, (3):34-38
[7]汤维凯.农村配电网的综合无功补偿[J].河北农业科学. 2008, 12(1): 164-165,172
[8]陈年彬.浅谈农村配电网的无功补偿[J].广东电力. 2005,18(9): 69-71
[9]张宁.农村配电网的无功补偿方式[J].农机使用与维修[J]. 2009, (4):126
[10]杨建配.电网无功补偿系统的关键技术研究[M].中南大学. 2002:10-13
[11]汪宏武.农村中压配电网无功补偿的优化研究[M].西安理工大学. 2007:6-9
[12]赵文忠,黄锦,江莉莉. SVC控制技术在西北地区农网中的应用分析[J].低压电器. 2009, (11):48-51
[13]罗安.电网谐波治理和无功补偿技术及装备[M].中国电力出版社, 2006:23-34
[14]田以霖.农村配电网常用无功补偿方式[J].供用电. 2006, 23(5):52-54
[15] S.R.Chanoetal. Static VAR Compensator Protection. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery. 1995, 10(3):1224-1233
[16] W.Xu, J.R.Marti, H.W.Dommel. Harmonic Analysis of Systems With Static Compensators. IEEE Trans. on Power Systems. 1991, 6(1):183-190
[17] C.Schauder, M.Gernhardt. Development of a 100MAR Static Condenser for Voltage Control of Transmission System. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery. 1995, 10(3):1486-1496
[18]倪彤辉.河北省南部电网配电网无功补偿现状及配置方案分析[J].河北电力技术. 2009, 28(1):24-27
[19]孙频东.静止无功补偿系统的研制[J].南京师范大学学报. 2002, 2(1):18-21
[20]陆安定.发电厂变电所及电力系统的无功功率.中国电力出版社. 2003:10-14
[21]王一鸣. 10 kV动态无功补偿装置的研究[J].中国科技信息. 2005, (24)3: 10-12
[22]崔全胜.计及电压稳定的电力系统无功规划优化[J].贵州工业大学学报(自然科学版). 2004, 33(62):1-25
[23]庄渡.城市公用变压器台区低压网无功补偿方式的探讨[J].电力需求侧管理. 2004, 6(4):40-42
[24]汪宏武.农村中压配电网无功补偿的优化研究.西安理工大学.2007:11-17
[25]刘跃荣.配电网无功补偿的优化配置.新疆大学.2005:25-28
[26]王涛.关于无功补偿降损及经济效益分析的有效计算[J].中国电力. 1999, 32(9):53-54
[27]丁建学.农村低压电网无功补偿方式选择与实际效益分析[J].电力学报. 2007, 22(2):227-230
[28]国家电力规划设计院.城市电网规划设计与改造全书. 2007:65-78
[29]陈文彬.电力系统无功优化与电压调整[M].辽宁科学技术出版社. 2003:17-22
[30]张勇军,任震,李本河.基于配网潮流计算的杆上无功补偿优化算法研究[J].华南理工大学学学报. 2001, 29 ( 4) : 22-25
[31]赵佳婷.农村配电网无功补偿的研究[M].合肥工业大学. 2006:9-16
[32]黄志刚.配电网无功补偿系统的研究与应用[M].湖南大学. 2007:12-18
[33]朱丽萍,朱贵平,刘月仙.农网变电站及配电线路的无功补偿.山西能源与节能. 2005, (3): 20-21
[34]李红卫.配电网无功补偿技术的研究与发现[M].中南大学. 2004:23-29
[35]胡胜英.并联电容器在电网中的配置分析[M].大连理工大学. 2003:5-8
[36]杨桂丹,李涛.城市配电网无功补偿优化配置的应用研究[J].广东电力. 2008, 21(5): 48-51
[37]杨建.配电网无功补偿系统的关键技术研究[M].中南大学. 2002:24-28
[38]粟时平,刘桂英.静止无功功率补偿技术[M].中国电力出版社. 2006:20-26
[39]王建颐,吴启涛,纪延超,等. 10kV高压无功功率自动补偿系统的研制[J].电网技术,2001, 25(5):15-19
[40]张弘鹏,邓集祥,孙晓非.配电网补偿电容分组优化投切的一种实用算法[J].东北电力技术. 2000, (5):32-27
[41]孙元章,王志芳,卢强.静止无功补偿器对电压稳定性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报. 1997, 17 (6):373-377
[2] M.A. Kashem, D.T.M. Negnevitsky, and G. Ledwich. Distributed Generation for Minimization of Power Losses in Distribution Systems [J]. IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2006, (6):8-14
[3]罗庆跃.农电降损分析[J].电工技术. 1999, (2):38-41
[4]倪建立,马放瑞,毕鹏翔,等.农村电网节能降损与自动化实用技术[M].中国电力出版社. 2008:15-21
[5]孔鸣,胡小洪.无功补偿在德清农村低压配电网中的应用[J].湖州师范学院学报. 2006, 28:75-78
[6]赵文忠.农村配电网实用无功补偿技术综述[J].低压电器. 2010, (3):34-38
[7]汤维凯.农村配电网的综合无功补偿[J].河北农业科学. 2008, 12(1): 164-165,172
[8]陈年彬.浅谈农村配电网的无功补偿[J].广东电力. 2005,18(9): 69-71
[9]张宁.农村配电网的无功补偿方式[J].农机使用与维修[J]. 2009, (4):126
[10]杨建配.电网无功补偿系统的关键技术研究[M].中南大学. 2002:10-13
[11]汪宏武.农村中压配电网无功补偿的优化研究[M].西安理工大学. 2007:6-9
[12]赵文忠,黄锦,江莉莉. SVC控制技术在西北地区农网中的应用分析[J].低压电器. 2009, (11):48-51
[13]罗安.电网谐波治理和无功补偿技术及装备[M].中国电力出版社, 2006:23-34
[14]田以霖.农村配电网常用无功补偿方式[J].供用电. 2006, 23(5):52-54
[15] S.R.Chanoetal. Static VAR Compensator Protection. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery. 1995, 10(3):1224-1233
[16] W.Xu, J.R.Marti, H.W.Dommel. Harmonic Analysis of Systems With Static Compensators. IEEE Trans. on Power Systems. 1991, 6(1):183-190
[17] C.Schauder, M.Gernhardt. Development of a 100MAR Static Condenser for Voltage Control of Transmission System. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery. 1995, 10(3):1486-1496
[18]倪彤辉.河北省南部电网配电网无功补偿现状及配置方案分析[J].河北电力技术. 2009, 28(1):24-27
[19]孙频东.静止无功补偿系统的研制[J].南京师范大学学报. 2002, 2(1):18-21
[20]陆安定.发电厂变电所及电力系统的无功功率.中国电力出版社. 2003:10-14
[21]王一鸣. 10 kV动态无功补偿装置的研究[J].中国科技信息. 2005, (24)3: 10-12
[22]崔全胜.计及电压稳定的电力系统无功规划优化[J].贵州工业大学学报(自然科学版). 2004, 33(62):1-25
[23]庄渡.城市公用变压器台区低压网无功补偿方式的探讨[J].电力需求侧管理. 2004, 6(4):40-42
[24]汪宏武.农村中压配电网无功补偿的优化研究.西安理工大学.2007:11-17
[25]刘跃荣.配电网无功补偿的优化配置.新疆大学.2005:25-28
[26]王涛.关于无功补偿降损及经济效益分析的有效计算[J].中国电力. 1999, 32(9):53-54
[27]丁建学.农村低压电网无功补偿方式选择与实际效益分析[J].电力学报. 2007, 22(2):227-230
[28]国家电力规划设计院.城市电网规划设计与改造全书. 2007:65-78
[29]陈文彬.电力系统无功优化与电压调整[M].辽宁科学技术出版社. 2003:17-22
[30]张勇军,任震,李本河.基于配网潮流计算的杆上无功补偿优化算法研究[J].华南理工大学学学报. 2001, 29 ( 4) : 22-25
[31]赵佳婷.农村配电网无功补偿的研究[M].合肥工业大学. 2006:9-16
[32]黄志刚.配电网无功补偿系统的研究与应用[M].湖南大学. 2007:12-18
[33]朱丽萍,朱贵平,刘月仙.农网变电站及配电线路的无功补偿.山西能源与节能. 2005, (3): 20-21
[34]李红卫.配电网无功补偿技术的研究与发现[M].中南大学. 2004:23-29
[35]胡胜英.并联电容器在电网中的配置分析[M].大连理工大学. 2003:5-8
[36]杨桂丹,李涛.城市配电网无功补偿优化配置的应用研究[J].广东电力. 2008, 21(5): 48-51
[37]杨建.配电网无功补偿系统的关键技术研究[M].中南大学. 2002:24-28
[38]粟时平,刘桂英.静止无功功率补偿技术[M].中国电力出版社. 2006:20-26
[39]王建颐,吴启涛,纪延超,等. 10kV高压无功功率自动补偿系统的研制[J].电网技术,2001, 25(5):15-19
[40]张弘鹏,邓集祥,孙晓非.配电网补偿电容分组优化投切的一种实用算法[J].东北电力技术. 2000, (5):32-27
[41]孙元章,王志芳,卢强.静止无功补偿器对电压稳定性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报. 1997, 17 (6):373-377