回旋加速器测磁系统数据采集及数据处理研究
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摘要
回旋加速器由于其结构紧凑、能耗低等优点,在核医学和核物理等领域,特别是在放射性同位素生产方面有着重要而广泛的应用。但是我国目前的回旋加速器设计和制造水平与国际先进水平还有较大的差距,至今缺少具有独立知识产权的回旋加速器,因此,加强高性能回旋加速器的开发研制工作势在必行。
为了满足回旋加速器的运行条件并提高加速器的性能,加速器的主磁场须严格满足设计要求,因此必须对回旋加速器的主磁场进行高精度、高密度的测量,这也是为磁场垫补和粒子动力学计算提供实测数据,也就是说磁场测量结果的准确程度对回旋加速器的成功建成是至关重要的。
本文首先从CYCHU-10回旋加速器磁场测量系统的研究意义和技术要求出发,分析和总结了国内外相关课题的研究成果,介绍了CYCHU-10磁场测量系统的设计思路及设计方案。
然后,详细介绍了测量系统所使用的主要部件,包括特斯拉计及霍尔探头、伺服电机及其驱动器、伺服电机运动控制卡、直线光栅尺,并说明了选择的原则和部件详细的参数。
最后,根据系统对磁场测量结果的设计要求,完成了基于LabVIEW 8.6软件平台开发的数据采集系统和数据处理系统的程序,介绍了程序使用的模块并进行了相关的验证实验,详细说明了程序的使用方法并列出了相关的实验结果和分析结论。
Compact Cyclotrons are wildly used in the fields of nuclear medicine and nuclear physics and others, especially in radioisotope production. But there are large gaps in cyclotron design and manufacture level between Chinese and advanced international, the lack of the cyclotron with independent intellectual property rights, therefore, to strengthen the development of high-performance work cyclotron is imperative.
In order to meet the conditions of cyclotron operation and to improve the performance of the accelerator, the accelerator's main magnetic field need to strictly appease the design requirements, it is essential measure the main magnetic field of cyclotron in high-precision and high-density, which provide the measured data for the particle dynamics calculated. In brief, the magnetic result of the magnetic field measurement system is important for the successful build of cyclotron.
First, this article described the technical requirements, design ideas and program design of the magnetic field measurement system of CYCHU-10, program design which is divided into the mechanical system design and measurement system designed to introduce. Secondly, introduce the using of the measurement system in detail, including the Tesla and the Hall probe, the servo motor drives, the servo motor motion control card, straight-line grating ruler, and explain the reasons for the selection of details and components of the parameters.
Finally, when finish the data-acquisition system and data-processing system which are based on the LabVIEW 8.6, take the relevant verification experiment according to the results of measuring system design requirements, and lists the relevant experimental results and analysis.
为了满足回旋加速器的运行条件并提高加速器的性能,加速器的主磁场须严格满足设计要求,因此必须对回旋加速器的主磁场进行高精度、高密度的测量,这也是为磁场垫补和粒子动力学计算提供实测数据,也就是说磁场测量结果的准确程度对回旋加速器的成功建成是至关重要的。
本文首先从CYCHU-10回旋加速器磁场测量系统的研究意义和技术要求出发,分析和总结了国内外相关课题的研究成果,介绍了CYCHU-10磁场测量系统的设计思路及设计方案。
然后,详细介绍了测量系统所使用的主要部件,包括特斯拉计及霍尔探头、伺服电机及其驱动器、伺服电机运动控制卡、直线光栅尺,并说明了选择的原则和部件详细的参数。
最后,根据系统对磁场测量结果的设计要求,完成了基于LabVIEW 8.6软件平台开发的数据采集系统和数据处理系统的程序,介绍了程序使用的模块并进行了相关的验证实验,详细说明了程序的使用方法并列出了相关的实验结果和分析结论。
Compact Cyclotrons are wildly used in the fields of nuclear medicine and nuclear physics and others, especially in radioisotope production. But there are large gaps in cyclotron design and manufacture level between Chinese and advanced international, the lack of the cyclotron with independent intellectual property rights, therefore, to strengthen the development of high-performance work cyclotron is imperative.
In order to meet the conditions of cyclotron operation and to improve the performance of the accelerator, the accelerator's main magnetic field need to strictly appease the design requirements, it is essential measure the main magnetic field of cyclotron in high-precision and high-density, which provide the measured data for the particle dynamics calculated. In brief, the magnetic result of the magnetic field measurement system is important for the successful build of cyclotron.
First, this article described the technical requirements, design ideas and program design of the magnetic field measurement system of CYCHU-10, program design which is divided into the mechanical system design and measurement system designed to introduce. Secondly, introduce the using of the measurement system in detail, including the Tesla and the Hall probe, the servo motor drives, the servo motor motion control card, straight-line grating ruler, and explain the reasons for the selection of details and components of the parameters.
Finally, when finish the data-acquisition system and data-processing system which are based on the LabVIEW 8.6, take the relevant verification experiment according to the results of measuring system design requirements, and lists the relevant experimental results and analysis.
引文
[1]樊明武,余调琴,熊永前等.小型回旋加速器虚拟样机技术.中国工程科学, 2003, 5 (10): 8~13
[2] M Fan. Proposal of radioactive isotope and nuclear structure study facility (RINSS). Proceedings of the 12th Symposium on Accelerator Science and Technology. Japan, 1999, 152～154
[3]曹养书,孙官清.回旋加速器的应用.物理学和高新技术, 2001, 30 (6): 361~367
[4]刘春旺. PET工作过程及工作原理分析.临床影像技术, 2008, 23 (11): 118~121
[5]王乃彦.中国核技术产业化的现状及未来.核科学与工程, 2000, 20 (3): 194～200
[6] F. Bonaudi, Magnets in particle physics, S. Turner, CAS: Magnetic Measurement and Alignment, Geneva: CERN, 1992, 1~17
[7] K. Halbach, First order perturbation effects in iron-dominated tow-dimensional symmetrical multipoles, NIM., 1969 (74): 147~164
[8]何源,韩少斐,马力祯等.兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环磁场测量系统.原子能科学技术, 2005 (03): 257~262
[9]邢建升,钟俊晴,殷治国等. 100MeV紧凑型回旋加速器主磁铁的磁场测量系统方案设计.中国原子能科学研究院年报, 2005: 54~55
[10] K. H. Park, Y. G. Jung, D. E. Kim, et al. Field Mapping System for Cyclotron Magnet. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 545 (2005) 533~541
[11] Inessa Bolshakova, Roman Holyaka, Vladimir Erashok, et al. High Precision Mapper for Cyclotron Magnet. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL.14, NO.2, JUNE 2004, 1818~1821
[12] Koshichi Noto. Advanced Applications of Magnetic Fields in Japan. IEEETRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL. 14, NO.2, JUNE 2004, 1647~1654
[13]杜泽清.我国工业磁测量技术与仪器设备.第六届国内外磁学与磁性材料发展及应用技术交流会议论文集.北京:中国电子学会, 2003. 233~235
[14] J. Yang, et al. Magnetic field measurement system for CYCHU-10, Proceeding of Particle Accelerator Conference, Canada, 2009
[15]任吉林,林俊林,高春法.电磁检测.北京:机械工业出版社, 2000. 1~44
[16]蒋秉植,杨健美.磁场测量的方法与动向.电测与仪表, 1993 (9): 24~27
[17] Ripka P, Primdahl F, Nielsen O V, et al. Magnetic-field measurement using the fluxgate. Sensors and Actuators, 1995, 46～47
[18]胡苗苗,刘海顺,李端明等.磁场测量的方法及其应用.现代物理知识, 2008 (4): 36~38
[19]潘启军,马伟明,赵治华等.磁场测量方法的发展及应用.电工技术学报, 2005, 20 (3): 7~13
[20]李大明.磁场测量讲座.电测与仪表, 1989 (10)~1990 (5)
[21] A. Jain, Magnetic field measurements and mapping technique, CERN Academic Training Program, April 07-11, 2003
[22] Ch. Schott, R. S. Popovic, Hall transducer for high precision magnetic field measurements from DC to 100kHz, IMMW10, Fermilab, 1997
[23] S. Marks, IEEE Trans. Magnetics 30 (4), 1994: 2435
[24]王国安,阎和平.霍尔元件特性的研究及其在加速器磁场测量中的应用.中国科学技术大学学报, 1982, 12 (4): 124~132
[25]胡寿松.自动控制原理.北京:科学出版社, 2001. 4~6
[26] Lee. C. W, John, Y. D. Kim. Automatic Modal Balancing of Flexible Rotors During Operation: Computer Controlled Balancing Head. Proceeding of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1990.204:19~29
[27] Hu Chao, Fang Gang, Wang Yao, The Measurement Method for IncrementalDisplacement Transducer by Using a Computer. ACTA Metrologica Sinica. 18 (4), Nov.1997:289~293
[28]任丽丽,张志杰.基于LABVIEW的串口数据采集系统.微计算机信息, 2008 (7): 56~57
[29]田会方,吴兴强.基于LabVIEW与凌阳SPCE061A实现串口数据采集.单片机开发与应用, 2006 (6): 23~25
[30]何源. CSR磁场测量系统的建立及运行:博士学位论文.北京:中国科学院近代物理研究所, 2003
[31] DTM-151 DIGITAL TESLAMETER with serial communications User’s manual. Group3 Technology Limited
[32]范逸之,陈立元. Delphi与RS-232串行通信控制.北京:清华大学出版社, 2002. 3~15
[33]赵杰,刘伟静,孙慧佳等. CAN总线/RS232接口的设计.国外电子元器件, 2008 (6): 52~54
[34]钱平.伺服系统.北京:机械工业出版社, 2005. 2~10
[35]胡珍玉.全数字交流伺服电机控制器系统设计.黑龙江科技信息, 2009 (6): 35
[36]范超毅.步进电机的选型与计算.机床与液压, 2008, 36 (5): 310~314
[37] General-Purpose AC Servo MELSERVO-J3 Servo Amplifier Instruction Manual. MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC Corporation.
[38]周志明.基于运动控制卡的步进电机控制系统.煤矿机械, 2004 (3): 95~97
[39]朱建栋.特殊磁场定位测量系统的研究:硕士学位论文.沈阳:沈阳工业大学, 2006
[40] PCI-8132 2-Axes Servo/Stepper Motion Control Card User’s Guide. ADLINK Technology Inc.
[41] Yoshida S. Nanometrology. Metrologia. 1991 (28): 433~441
[42] HEIDENHAIN LIP-581R User’s Manual. HEIDENHAIN Co., Ltd.
[43]李宇华.虚拟仪器开发平台软件LabVIEW介绍.计算机自动测量与控制, 1996(3): 45~49
[44]王珏,郑建勇.基于LabVIEW的串口调试系统设计.江西科学. 2007 (6): 755~757
[45]马草原,郭双强,李国欣.基于LABVIEW的串口调试与数据分析.工矿自动化, 2005 (4): 74~75
[46] LabVIEW8.6 Help. National Instruments Corporation.
[47] LabVIEW8.6 User Manual. National Instruments Corporation.
[48]周求湛,钱志鸿,刘萍萍等.虚拟仪器与LabVIEW Express程序设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2004. 82~85
[49] Joe Kulesza, Eric Johnson, Aaron Lyndaker, et al. Magnetic Field Measurement System. CP879, Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation: Ninth International Conference
[2] M Fan. Proposal of radioactive isotope and nuclear structure study facility (RINSS). Proceedings of the 12th Symposium on Accelerator Science and Technology. Japan, 1999, 152～154
[3]曹养书,孙官清.回旋加速器的应用.物理学和高新技术, 2001, 30 (6): 361~367
[4]刘春旺. PET工作过程及工作原理分析.临床影像技术, 2008, 23 (11): 118~121
[5]王乃彦.中国核技术产业化的现状及未来.核科学与工程, 2000, 20 (3): 194～200
[6] F. Bonaudi, Magnets in particle physics, S. Turner, CAS: Magnetic Measurement and Alignment, Geneva: CERN, 1992, 1~17
[7] K. Halbach, First order perturbation effects in iron-dominated tow-dimensional symmetrical multipoles, NIM., 1969 (74): 147~164
[8]何源,韩少斐,马力祯等.兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环磁场测量系统.原子能科学技术, 2005 (03): 257~262
[9]邢建升,钟俊晴,殷治国等. 100MeV紧凑型回旋加速器主磁铁的磁场测量系统方案设计.中国原子能科学研究院年报, 2005: 54~55
[10] K. H. Park, Y. G. Jung, D. E. Kim, et al. Field Mapping System for Cyclotron Magnet. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 545 (2005) 533~541
[11] Inessa Bolshakova, Roman Holyaka, Vladimir Erashok, et al. High Precision Mapper for Cyclotron Magnet. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL.14, NO.2, JUNE 2004, 1818~1821
[12] Koshichi Noto. Advanced Applications of Magnetic Fields in Japan. IEEETRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL. 14, NO.2, JUNE 2004, 1647~1654
[13]杜泽清.我国工业磁测量技术与仪器设备.第六届国内外磁学与磁性材料发展及应用技术交流会议论文集.北京:中国电子学会, 2003. 233~235
[14] J. Yang, et al. Magnetic field measurement system for CYCHU-10, Proceeding of Particle Accelerator Conference, Canada, 2009
[15]任吉林,林俊林,高春法.电磁检测.北京:机械工业出版社, 2000. 1~44
[16]蒋秉植,杨健美.磁场测量的方法与动向.电测与仪表, 1993 (9): 24~27
[17] Ripka P, Primdahl F, Nielsen O V, et al. Magnetic-field measurement using the fluxgate. Sensors and Actuators, 1995, 46～47
[18]胡苗苗,刘海顺,李端明等.磁场测量的方法及其应用.现代物理知识, 2008 (4): 36~38
[19]潘启军,马伟明,赵治华等.磁场测量方法的发展及应用.电工技术学报, 2005, 20 (3): 7~13
[20]李大明.磁场测量讲座.电测与仪表, 1989 (10)~1990 (5)
[21] A. Jain, Magnetic field measurements and mapping technique, CERN Academic Training Program, April 07-11, 2003
[22] Ch. Schott, R. S. Popovic, Hall transducer for high precision magnetic field measurements from DC to 100kHz, IMMW10, Fermilab, 1997
[23] S. Marks, IEEE Trans. Magnetics 30 (4), 1994: 2435
[24]王国安,阎和平.霍尔元件特性的研究及其在加速器磁场测量中的应用.中国科学技术大学学报, 1982, 12 (4): 124~132
[25]胡寿松.自动控制原理.北京:科学出版社, 2001. 4~6
[26] Lee. C. W, John, Y. D. Kim. Automatic Modal Balancing of Flexible Rotors During Operation: Computer Controlled Balancing Head. Proceeding of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1990.204:19~29
[27] Hu Chao, Fang Gang, Wang Yao, The Measurement Method for IncrementalDisplacement Transducer by Using a Computer. ACTA Metrologica Sinica. 18 (4), Nov.1997:289~293
[28]任丽丽,张志杰.基于LABVIEW的串口数据采集系统.微计算机信息, 2008 (7): 56~57
[29]田会方,吴兴强.基于LabVIEW与凌阳SPCE061A实现串口数据采集.单片机开发与应用, 2006 (6): 23~25
[30]何源. CSR磁场测量系统的建立及运行:博士学位论文.北京:中国科学院近代物理研究所, 2003
[31] DTM-151 DIGITAL TESLAMETER with serial communications User’s manual. Group3 Technology Limited
[32]范逸之,陈立元. Delphi与RS-232串行通信控制.北京:清华大学出版社, 2002. 3~15
[33]赵杰,刘伟静,孙慧佳等. CAN总线/RS232接口的设计.国外电子元器件, 2008 (6): 52~54
[34]钱平.伺服系统.北京:机械工业出版社, 2005. 2~10
[35]胡珍玉.全数字交流伺服电机控制器系统设计.黑龙江科技信息, 2009 (6): 35
[36]范超毅.步进电机的选型与计算.机床与液压, 2008, 36 (5): 310~314
[37] General-Purpose AC Servo MELSERVO-J3 Servo Amplifier Instruction Manual. MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC Corporation.
[38]周志明.基于运动控制卡的步进电机控制系统.煤矿机械, 2004 (3): 95~97
[39]朱建栋.特殊磁场定位测量系统的研究:硕士学位论文.沈阳:沈阳工业大学, 2006
[40] PCI-8132 2-Axes Servo/Stepper Motion Control Card User’s Guide. ADLINK Technology Inc.
[41] Yoshida S. Nanometrology. Metrologia. 1991 (28): 433~441
[42] HEIDENHAIN LIP-581R User’s Manual. HEIDENHAIN Co., Ltd.
[43]李宇华.虚拟仪器开发平台软件LabVIEW介绍.计算机自动测量与控制, 1996(3): 45~49
[44]王珏,郑建勇.基于LabVIEW的串口调试系统设计.江西科学. 2007 (6): 755~757
[45]马草原,郭双强,李国欣.基于LABVIEW的串口调试与数据分析.工矿自动化, 2005 (4): 74~75
[46] LabVIEW8.6 Help. National Instruments Corporation.
[47] LabVIEW8.6 User Manual. National Instruments Corporation.
[48]周求湛,钱志鸿,刘萍萍等.虚拟仪器与LabVIEW Express程序设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2004. 82~85
[49] Joe Kulesza, Eric Johnson, Aaron Lyndaker, et al. Magnetic Field Measurement System. CP879, Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation: Ninth International Conference