茶儿茶素对肾炎的药效及其机理研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
  • 英文题名:Pharmacological Study of Tea Catechins on Nephritis
  • 作者:胡秀芳
  • 论文级别:博士
  • 学科专业名称:茶学
  • 学位年度:2001
  • 导师:杨贤强
  • 学科代码:090203
  • 学位授予单位:浙江大学
  • 论文提交日期:2001-05-01
  • 答辩委员会主席:陈子元
摘要
本论文用动物模型和细胞模型研究了茶儿茶素对肾病的药效与药理。首先,
    研究了茶儿茶素对家兔C-BSA和Masugi两种肾炎模型的药效,及对水负荷家兔
    肾功能的影响。继而,研究了茶儿茶素对小鼠免疫和炎症的作用,及对氧化应激
    (H_2O_2、As~(3+)和Cr~(6+))细胞(正常肾细胞Vero和肿瘤肾细胞786-0)凋亡模型的
    影响。结果分述如下:
    1.茶几茶素对家兔水负荷和肾炎模型的作用
     药效实验表明,茶儿茶素对水负荷家兔和肾炎家兔有明显的疗效。对于水
    负荷家兔,茶儿茶素在大(137mg/kg)、中(68mg/kg)、小(34mg/kg)剂量下均
    有显著的利尿作用,且大、小剂量间差异显著,有明显的量效关系(p<0.01),利尿
    峰时为用药后2~2.5h。利尿剂——氢氯噻嗪(5.7mg/kg)的利尿作用弱于大剂
    量茶儿茶素(p<0.05),峰时为0.5~1.0h。可见,大剂量茶儿茶素显著增强水负荷
    家兔肾脏的滤过功能,利尿效果强于氢氯噻嗪,且药效更持久。
     茶儿茶素对家兔C-BSA和Masugi两种肾炎模型均有良好的疗效。大(306
    mg/kg)、中(102mg/kg)、小(34mg/kg)剂量茶儿茶素明显降低尿蛋白、血清
    肌酐及尿素氮含量(P<0.05或P<0.01);抑制C-BSA肾炎的血清免疫复合物形
    成(CIC,P<0.05);减轻肾小球肿胀、细胞增生、血栓形成及白细胞浸润,修复
    肾小球病理改变;大、小剂量间差异显著,具有剂量-效应关系。大剂量茶儿茶
    素的效果强于地塞米松。可见,茶儿茶素明显减轻肾炎的症状。
     上述结果表明茶儿茶素在肾病防治中有潜在价值。继而,根据目前关于肾炎
    的发病机理,研究茶儿茶素对肾病的药理。
    2.茶儿茶素对免疫和炎症的作用
     免疫机理是肾炎的始发机理,控制免疫水平是预防肾炎的重要措施。本课题
    组以前的研究表明,粗儿茶素或茶提取物对免疫低下的动物(如荷瘤小鼠),表
    现增强免疫的作用;对于正常小鼠,则增强细胞免疫,而抑制体液免疫。本研究
    
    
    
     中茶儿茶素对正常小鼠的兔疫均表现抑制作用。茶儿茶素剂量为 31 omghg、
     155mg/kg、77.4mgdig时,明显抑制小鼠血清溶菌酶及腹腔巨噬细胞的活性
    D O<00);抑制小鼠红细胞*3b受体花环和IC花环的形成O<0刀5及P<0刀1);抑D
    D 制小鼠总T细胞花环和h花环的形成(P<0刀1\大、小剂量间差异显著,存在明D
    D 显的量效关系。大剂量茶儿茶素明显抑制小鼠脾细胞产生抗体的能力。地塞米松D
     ①.3<ghg)对上述免疫指标的抑制效果不及茶儿茶素…功刀5)可见,茶儿茶
    D 素显著抑制小鼠的非特异性免疫和特异性免疫;且其抑制效果优于地塞米松。D
    D 用角叉菜胶致大鼠足路炎性肿胀法和纸片肉芽肿法研究大、中、小剂量D
     份omghg、180mghg、90mg/kg)茶儿茶素的抗炎作用。结果,茶儿茶素剂量依
    D 赖性地抑制角叉菜胶诱发的大鼠急性炎症,大剂量茶儿茶素效果优于阿司匹林。D
    D 对于纸片所致的肉芽肿亚急性炎症,只有大剂量茶儿茶素才有抑制作用,且效果D
    D 不及地塞米松。可见,茶儿茶素显著抑制急性炎症模型,而对亚急性炎症模型的D
    l 以比几、As‘“和 Cr’”应激建立细胞凋亡模型。MTT测定结果显示:H,0,、As‘“和 l
    ICr”呈时间和剂量依赖性抑制细胞活力,三者对 Vero细胞的半抑制浓度(IC。。)l
     分别为178.spM、155.6pM和9.SUM;对786-0细胞的IC。。分别为125.6pM、77.spM
     和 8.6pM。H*(50pM/24h)、As‘”(80pM/24h)、Cr’”(ZUM/24h或 400pM/Zh)分
    l 别应激处理 Ve。o和 786-0细胞,24h后,荧光显微镜、流式细胞仪和 DNA电泳 l
    l 检测,发现细胞 DNA和 RNA凝聚浓缩,进而产生凋亡小体,出现典型的 G-1亚峰 l
    l 及 DNA梯形条带。可见,以上氧化应激诱导细胞了凋亡,借此氧化应激细胞凋亡 l
    D 模型进行以下研究。D
    l 茶儿茶素及其单体对VerO细胞和786-0细胞的毒性实验表明,低浓度促进细l
    胞生长,高浓度抑制细胞活力,茶儿茶素、EGCG、ECG、EGC对Vr细胞n。nD
     分别为:233卜合1、17工lpg/nil、136.3pg/nil和112.spg/ffil:对旭6-0的1Q。分
     别为:Zm.7卜咖二134.印咖L 11O.sll咖1和98.叫咖1。茶儿茶素及其单体对
    D 两种细胞的毒性大小为:茶儿茶素<****、**G<**G,786-0细胞的毒性敏感性D
    l 大十VeO细M。l
    121
    
    l 根据 IC。。,在非毒性浓度范围研究茶儿茶素及其单体对应激细胞凋亡模型的 l
    影响。结果:叨V钉ml茶儿茶素显著抑制几A和k’”应激诱导的W*细胞凋亡,
    l 但对同样应激引起的 786—0细胞凋亡没有保护效果。另外,茶儿茶素对 AS‘”诱导
The Phannacodyndrics and Phimacology of Tea catechins on Nwttis were
    stUdied in Anmal and ce1l systems. First, the theraPy of tea catechins on C-BSA
    NePhritis, Masugi NePhritis and overwatered model rabbits were investigated. Next,
    the effects of tea catechins on immwhty and inf[ammation in animals, as well as on
    aPoptosis of cells stressed by H,O,, As3+ and Cr6+ were stUdied. The results are
    described as follows:
    l. Effect of tea catechins on over--watered and Nephritis mode1 rabbits
    Tea catedris at differen concentrations (higher dose 137 mg/Kg, middle dose 68
    mg/Kg, 1ower dose 34mg/Kg) signficanly increased the ndne excretion of over
    watered rabbits, which did in a dose-dePendent manner (P< 0.01). The urine reached
    maxbo between 2 h and 2.5 h. The cbloAnalidone (5.7 mg/Kg, a kind of
    hydragogUe, had weaker effect than higher dose of tea catechins. It is thus eviden that
    higher do se o f tea c atechins remarkably enhanced filtrating c aPability ofkidne y in
    overwatered rabbits, with more effeCtive than chiorthalidone.
    Tea catechins (higher dose 306 mg/Kg, middle dose l02 mghg, lower dose
    34mg/Kg) aPparenly relieved the srwtom of nePhritis model rabbits. It reduced the
    urine protein, serum creatinine and serum nitrOgen (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and inhibited
    the formation of serum circling nie comPlex (CIC) in C-BSA nePdritis(P<0.05). It
    also alleVated glomeru1us swelling and cell proliferation, decreased thIombosis and
    leukocyte infiltraion in rena1 tubule, and so rePaired the pathological change in the
    nePdritic tubule. All the effects were concforation-dePendent.
    From these resuts, we can see tea catechins he1P to the theraPy ofnchtis.
    2. Effect of tea catechins on irnunity and inf1armation
    Normally, immune system can eliminate some foreign substances such as
    pathogens and toxin, and protects the body against the risk of free radicals. Bot if the
    immune system becomes abnormal, Whether StrOnger or weakeq the body is suscePtthle
    to disease. Our former results showed that tea catechins imProVed body immnity in
    low-immedty Afals (mice with tUmor). hi normal mice, tea catechins increased cell-
    
    
    mediated imInwhty but decreased humoral immnity
    hi ths research, tea catechins showed idriitory effeCt on immune system in
    norma1 mice. Tea catechins (3l0 mg/Kg, 155 mg/Kg and 77.4 mg/Kg) distinctly
    inhibited the activities of serum bacteriolysin and celiac macroPhago cyte(P<0. 0 l ), and
    reduced the formation of C3b and IC wreath in red blood cell, as well as total T cell
    and Th w reath in m ice. Sighfican difference e xisted a mong ditheen do ses o ft ea
    catechins. The results also indicated that higher dose of tea catedris remarkably
    ichbited the formation of anibody in spleen cell. These results demonstrated that tea
    catechins could remarkably inhibit specific immunity and nonspecific immboty, and
    the effects were bcher than that of Dexamethasone.
    FurthCr We stUdied the effect of tea catechins on acute and drinic inflaxnmation
    in fats. Results indcated that 90--360 mg/Kg tea catechns suPpressed the swelling of
    rat's hind paws induced by caxrageenan. The effects lasted for more than 4 hours. After
    360mgiKg tea catechins were administered intraperitonealy once a day for 7
    consecutive days, the proliferation of granuloma induced by a piece of paPer was
    evidently inhibited only by higher dose of tea catechins, and the effeCt was weaker than
    that of Dexamethasone.
    3. Effect of tea catechins on the oxidant--stressed ce11s
    The oxidam-stfessed cell model was founded with H,O,, As3" and Cr6+. According
    to the toxicity checked by MTT thIee oxidans inhiliited cell viabilities in time- and
    dose-dePendent manners. The IC,, of H,O,, As3+ and Cr6+ were l78.5 UM, l55.6UM
    and 9.8llM in Ver cel1s, and 125.6pM, 77.8pM and 8.6UM in 786-0 cells reSPectively
    Judged by fluoromicrograPhs, flow cytOmeter and DNA electrophoresis, H,O,
    (50llM/24h), As'+(80llM/24h) and Cr6+(2llM/24h or 400llM/2h) induced aPoptosis of
    Ver cells and 786-0 cells, and so wer
引文
1 王海燕主编.肾脏病学.人民卫生出版社,北京,1996(第二版)
    2 湛贻璞,范敏华,刘惠兰等.肾小球肾炎.北京:北京科学出版社,1999
    3 王叔兰.活性氧自由基损伤与肾小球疾病,中级医刊,1996,31(6):19-21
    4 江永清,孙亚平,周苏廉.自由基在在肾缺血再灌注损伤中作用的实验研究.中国病理胜利杂志,1990,6(6):495
    5 刘霞,金讯波,刘军.铁离子、自由基在慢性肾功能衰竭过程中的作用.国外医学泌尿系统分册,1996,4(5):191
    6 关中宏,鲁功成,邵明忠.肾缺血再灌注损伤的机理.临床泌尿外科杂志,1991,4(6):232
    7 高月清,闽祝三,孙波.脂质过氧化及超氧化物歧化酶在肾小球疾病中的临床观察.医师进修杂志,1996,1(19):13
    8 方勤.糖尿病肾病发病机制的研究进展.中国实用内科杂志,1999,19(4):239-240
    9 祁狄克.自由基、抗氧自由基系统在慢性肾功能不全发病机理中的探讨.中华肾脏病杂志,1991,6(7):345
    10 赵克然,杨毅军,曹道俊.氧自由基与临床.北京:中国医药科技出版社,1999
    11 陆怡,潘华珍,许彩民.氧化与细胞凋亡.生物化学与生物物理研究进展,1996,23(2):118-12l
    12 Harrison DJ.Cell death in the diseased glomeruhs.Histopathology,1988,12:679-683
    
    
    13 Sugiyama H, Kashihara N, Makino H, et al. Apoptosis in glomerular sclerosis. Kidney Int, 1996,49:103-111
    14 Shimizu A, Kitamura A, Masuda Y, et al. Rare glomerular capillary regeneration and subsequent capillary regression with endothelial cell apoptosis in progressive glomerulonephritis. Am J Patool, 1997,151:1213-1239
    15 Gobe GC, Axelsen RA.Thy role of apoptosis in the development of renal cortical tubular atrophy associated with healed experimental venal papillary necrosis.Pathology, 1991,23(3):213-223
    16 Woo D. Apoptosis and loss of renal tissue in polycystic kidney diseases. New Eng J Med, 1995,333:18-25
    17 Duncan-Achanzar KB, Jones JT, BurkeMF, et al. Inorganic mercury chlorideinduced apoptosis in the cultured porcine renal cell line ILC-PK1. J Pharmalol Exp Therap, 1996,277(3):1726-1732
    18 Lieberthal W, Triaca V, Levine J. Mechanisms of death induced by cisplatin in proximal tubular epithelial cells:apoptosis vs necrosis. Am J Physiol, 1996,270(4pt2):F700-708
    19 蔡毅.细胞凋亡与肾脏.中级医刊,1996,31(6):18-19
    20 安徽农学院.茶叶生物化学.农业出版社,1980
    21 Chakrabarty M M, Raha T K, Kundu MK. Fasts Oils Pelat, 1976,112-116
    22 Tanizawa Hisayuki, Toda Shizuo, Sazuka Yasuyuki, et al. Chem Pharm Bull, 1984,32(5):2011-2014
    23 陈瑞锋,束际林,朱珩.中国茶叶,1986(9):9-10
    24 Mai Jimdin, Chambers Laura J, Mc Donald. US Appl 561678, 1983
    25 Matsuzaki Taeko, Hara Yukihiko.日本农芸化学会志,1985, 59 (2): 129-134
    26 杨俊锋.化学世界,1991:74
    27 傅冬和,刘仲华,黄建安等.儿茶素在食用植物油中的抗氧化应用效果.茶叶科学,1999,19(1):6l-66
    28 郑雄敏,徐旭士.茶多酚对豆油及菜油抗氧化性研究.南昌大学学报(理科版),1998,22(2):105-108
    29 姜彩霞,曾昭玉,张琪凤.DNA氧化损伤研究进展.国外医学卫生学分册,1999,26(3):147-150
    30 Miyagawa C, et al. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, t997,61(ll):1901-1905
    31 Leanderson P, et al. Free Radic Biol Med, 1997,23(2):235-242
    32 蒋建伟,何文珊,严玉霞等.茶多酚对细胞膜和DNA自由基保护作用.中国医师杂志,1999,1(6):19-21
    33 杨法军,赵保路,忻文娟.吸烟烟气对鼠肺细胞膜损伤和茶多酚的保护作用.环境化学,1992,11(1):50-55
    34 沈生荣,赵玉芳,杨贤强等.茶多酚保护生物大分子的自由基机理.浙江农业大学学报,1995,2l(4):361-365
    35 邓泽元,陶秉莹,李晓玲等.茶叶抗氧化功能研究.营养学报,1998,20(3):352-355
    36 杨贤强,吴炳辉,沈生荣等.茶多酚对抗脑缺血再灌流损伤的保护作用机理.浙江农业大学学报,1992,18(S):63-65
    
    
    37 张静,张其亮,文海泉.儿茶素治疗黄褐斑疗效观察及机理初探.中华医学美容学杂志,1998,4(4):176-178
    38 林东昕,谭文.绿茶抑制大鼠体内杂环胺DNA加合物形成.中华预防医学杂志,1998,32(5):261-265
    39 杨贤强,朱善瑾,范悠然等.茶多酚延缓衰老的研究.
    40 胡春,丁宵林.黄酮类化合物在不同氧化体系中德抗氧化作用研究、食品与发酵工业,1996 22(3):46-53 4
    41 Zhang H Y Theoretical elucidation of structure-activity relationships of flavoniod antioxidants. Science in china (serices b),1999,42:106-112
    42 Burton G W, Le Page Y, Gabe E J, et al. Antioxidant activity of vitamin E and related phenols importantce of stereoelectronic factors. J Am Chem sci, 1980,102:7791-7792
    43 Van Acker S, Koymans L M H, Bast A. molecular pharmacology of vitamin e structural aspects of antioxidants activity free rad biol med, 1993,15:311-328
    44 Zhang H Y. Selection of theoretical parameter characterizing scavenging activity of antioxidants of free radicals. J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc. 1998,75(12)
    45 杨贤强,沈生荣,黄品篯等.茶多酚生物活性的研究.茶叶科学,1992,18(S):112-117
    46 沈生荣,杨贤强,赵保路等.茶多酚复合体及(-)—EGCG对氧自由基清除作用.茶叶科学,1992,12(1):59-64
    47 杨贤强,沈生荣,侯京武等.(-)表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对活性氧自由基的清除作用机制.中国药理学报,1994,15(4):350
    48 刘耕陶.氧自由基与抗氧化剂.中国药理学通报,1988,4(6):324-327
    49 沈生荣,赵玉芳,杨贤强等.儿茶素与羟自由基的作用动力学.茶叶科学,1997,17(S):119-123
    50 吴元德,邱琦,俞志宏.绿茶提取物清除~1O_2的作用及抗脂质过氧化效应.中国医学科学院院报,1993,5:354
    51 赵保路.氧自由基和天然抗氧化基.北京:科学出版社,1999
    52 但宁.用电子自旋捕集技术研究吗丙嗪对活性氧自由基的清除作用,中国药理学报,1989,10(5):443
    53 沈生荣,杨贤强,杨法军等.过氧化心肌线粒体产生的脂类自由基及(-)—EGCG的抑制作用.生物化学与生物物理学报,1995:27(1):55-59
    54 郭炳莹,程启坤.茶汤组份与金属离子的络合性能.茶叶科学,1991,11(2):139-144
    55 Guo Qiu, Zhao Baolu. Studios on Protective Mechanisms of Four Components of Green Tea Polyphenols against Lipid Peroxidation in Synaptosomes. Biochim. Biophys.Acta, 1996,1303(3): 210-222
    56 薄云红,刘亮,田松林.TP对动物体内Fe及胆固醇影响.中国茶叶,1995(4):16-17
    57 沈生荣,赵玉芳,赵保路.Fe存在下儿茶素抗自由基效应.茶叶科学,1997,17(S):113-118
    58 Tomita I, Saro M,Watanabe J et al. Tea and Its Component as Powerful Antioxidant.Oxid. Stress Ageing, 1995:355-365
    59 沈生荣,杨贤强.生物抗氧化剂茶多酚与机体自由基失衡的调控.浙江农业大学学报,1993,18(S):80-84
    
    
    60 Cho Y J, An B T. Isolation and Enzyme Inhibition of Tannis from Korean Green Tea.Korean Biochem.J., 1994,26(4):4H161
    61 Ali M, Hagnt L H, Alsaleh J et al. Effect of Consumption of Green Tea and Black Tea on the Level of Von Vus Emzymes in Rats. Experimentia, 1989,45(1):112-114
    62 Katiyar S K, Agarwal R, Ekker S. Protection against 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate Caused Inflammation in SENCAR Mouse Ear Skin by GTP.Carcinogenesis.1993,14(3):361-365
    63 Iwata K, Inayama J, Miwa S. Effect of Oolong Tea on Plasama Lipids and Lipoportein Lipase Activity in Young Woman. J.Japan Soc. of Nutri. and Food Sci.,1991,44(4):251-259
    64 Nicholas J. Miller, Cinzia Castelluccio, Lilian Tijburg, et al. The antioxidant properties of theaflavins and their gallate esters—radical scavengers or metal chelators? FEBS Letters, 1996,392:40-44
    65 Yang Xianqiang, Shen Shengrong, Huang Pinjian.The Biological Activity and Toxicological Test of Tea Polyphenols.In:The Organizing Committee of Proceedings of the International Symposium on Tea Science, 1991, Shizuoka, Japan of ISTS, 1992:263-267
    66 阮绍玲,雷丹青.茶多酚制剂对病人红细胞SOD和LP0水平的影响.广西医科大学学报,1994,11(1):81-82
    67 贾之慎.茶多酚清除活性氧自由基O_2~-和OH的分光光度法研究.茶叶,1993,19(1):25
    68 Senji Sakanaga, Mujokim, Makoto Taniguchi et al. Substances in Japanese green tea extract against streptococcus, a cariogenic bacterium. Agri. Biol. Chem.,1987,53(9): 2307-2311
    69 詹勇,李进昌,杨贤强.茶多酚对家禽免疫功能的研宄.浙江农业大学学报,1992(1):74-76
    70 杨贤强,范悠然,朱善瑾等.茶多酚(TP)对免疫功能的影响.中国免疫学杂志,1995,11(S):557-560
    7l 阎玉森,游联勤,邹玉珍.中国绿茶的抗肿瘤作用Ⅱ.龙雾茶提取物抗癌和免疫动物实验.茶叶科学,1990,10(10):79-84
    72 刘学铭,梁世中.茶多酚的保健有药理作用及应用前景.食品与发酵工业,1998,24(5):47-51
    73 Ahmad N, Srivastava RC, Agarwal R, et al. Biophys. Res. Commun.,1997,232(2): 328-331
    74 Nakazato K, Takeo T. Anti-inflammatory effect of oolong tea polyphenols. Nippon Nogeikagaku Kaishi, 1998, 72(1):51-54
    75 Manabu N, Nobuyuki A, Mujo K. Preventive Effects of Green Tea Polyphenols on Colon Carcinogenesis and Renal Failure. Fragrance J,1997,25(4):41-48
    76 郑颜萍,陈裕益,陈文等.茶多酚对慢性肾功能衰竭患者脂质过氧化损伤的影响.中西医结合杂志,1999,6(4):160-162
    77 Yokozawa T, Dong E, Nakagawa T, et al.In, Vitro and in Vivo Studies on the Radical Scavenging Activity of Tea. J. Agric. Food Chem.,1998,46(6):2134-2150
    
    
    78 Yokozawa T, Chung H Y, Hae L Q, et al. Effectiveness of Green Tea Tannins on Rats with Chronic Renal Failure. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem.,1996,60(6):lO00-1005
    79 涂桂生.茶多酚提取物市场前景广阔.化学医药工业信息,1997,(1):37-38
    80 太阳化学株式会社.肾机能改善用剂.日本公开特许公报,1992,平6-1226265
    81 Nakano M, 0guni I, Hara Y. Regulatory Effect of Tea Leaf Catechins on Aging Process of Rats. Proceedings of International Symposium on Tea Science: 1991, Shizuoka, Japan. The organizing Commmittee of ISTS, 1992, 268-272
    82 Takako Y, Erbo D, Hikokichi O. Proof that Green Tea Tannin Suppressess the Increase in the Blood Methylguanidine Level Associated with Renal Failure. Exp. Toxicol. Pathol., 1997, 49(1~2): 117-122
    83 Mitsuaki S, Takahashi Y, Yoshino K et al. Effect of Tea on Lipid Peroxidation in Rat Liver and Kidney:a Comparison of Green and Black Tea Feeding. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1995,18(7):1006-1008
    84 王关乔.茶多酚治疗慢性肾功能不全的临床观察.实用中西医结合杂志,1998,11(13):1239
    85 杨敏.茶多酚治疗慢性肾功能中抗自由基作用的观察.中华肾脏病杂志,1994,10(5):278-289
    86 郑颜萍,陈裕益,陈文等.茶多酚对慢性肾功能不全抗脂质过氧化损伤.中华肾脏病杂志,1999,15(4):256

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700