煤炭智能物流园区平台运营模式研究
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摘要
煤炭智能物流园区是提高煤炭流通效率的关键节点。煤炭智能物流园区在我国属于新生事物,国际上也无成功经验可循。苹果公司的成功实践给了作者启示。苹果公司推出"iPod+iTunes"以及"iPhone+App Store"平台运营模式,建立了以苹果公司为基石,用户、应用开发商互动的商业生态系统。平台运营理论及其在煤炭智能物流园区的应用引起了作者的极大兴趣。通过采用若干研究方法对煤炭智能物流园区平台运营模式进行了研究,所得结论如下:
     第一,初步构建了平台运营的理论体系。平台运营是以平台为基石,以商业生态系统为形态,以资源集结力为核心能力的三位一体体系。平台是实现关联方连接与互动的载体与媒介,具有基石、基本架构与接口的共同架构。资源集结力是以平台为基础而集结相关资源的特定能力。商业生态系统由核心、扩展、外围三个层次的利益相关者构成,平台是商业生态系统的基石。
     第二,将煤炭智能物流园区界定为煤炭实物价值流管理的产业平台,主要是连接煤炭货主与承运方两类用户群体,构建了煤炭智能物流园区平台运营理论体系。产地型、中转地型、消费地型煤炭智能物流园区的平台搭建需要根据自身不同的基石、基本架构与接口展开。
     第三,初步建立了平台成长和定价的数学模型。平台成长的数学模型考虑当平台受到物理空间制约情况下的成长机制。平台定价的数学模型考虑了平台定价的补贴方和被补贴方,计算了平台利润最大化情形下的最优的平台价格制定。
     第四,从平台运营模式的角度,总结了苹果公司的成功实践。苹果公司平台运营模式将智能手机当作提供服务的载体,将电信、音乐、应用等各个行业资源都集结到平台之上来,实现产业的融合,共同为用户提供服务。
     第五,对煤炭智能物流园区平台互动进行了分析。煤炭智能物流园区通过与煤炭交易中心和相关煤炭智能物流园区互动,能够形成完整的、全链条的管理,由此可以开发诸多服务空间,实现煤炭智能物流园区的运营倍增。
     第六,以罕台川北煤炭智能物流园区为例,总结了其平台运营和倍增运营的基本模式及其绩效。
Coal smart logistic park plays crucial role in improve coal logistic efficiency. Coal smart logistic park is a new phenomenon and have no success experience before. Apple Inc. gives us insight. Apple recommends "iPod plus iTunes" and "iPhone plus App Store "platform operation model. Platform theory, operation model and applied brings great interest to me. By taking a couple of research methods, we analyze platform operation model and how it can be applied in coal smart logistic park operation.
     First of all, Platform operation is taking platform as keystone, and operated in the form of business ecosystem and build resource assembles capacity as core ability trinity system. Platform is a carrier or media that can realize related parties connect and interact. Platform has keystone, basic architecture and access. Resource assemble is the ability to assemble related capabilities.
     Secondly, coal smart logistic park is the industry platform of coal physical flow management which link coal owners and carriers. Place of production, distribution and consumption coal smart logistic park should develop with different characteristic.
     Thirdly, build a mathematical model of platform growth and pricing. The platform pricing model calculates optimal scale design when the platform scale is limited by physical space. Platform pricing model formulate platform price structure.
     Fourthly, conclude apple Inc.'s successful experience. Apple takes smart phone as the basis of service, and assembles telecommunication, music, and application all onto the platform; promote industry convergence to serve the client.
     Fifthly, Coal trading center and related smart logistics park interaction can form a complete, full-chain management to achieve operational coal smart logistics park doubled. Based on the theoretical analysis, this paper takes Hantaichuan north coal Logistics Park as a case study.
引文
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