试论当代朝鲜族妇女家庭伦理道德的变化
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摘要
家庭道德建设是社会主义精神文明建设的重要组成部分。本文主要论述了朝鲜族妇女家庭伦理道德的变化。
朝鲜族妇女自高丽末李朝初开始就深受“三从”思想的影响。她们没有参加社会活动的自由，也没有自主选择配偶和离婚的自由。嫁到夫家，她们就彻底隶属于男子，完完全全陷于夫唱妇随、禁止再嫁的三从之道的罗网里。移民后，在近代文明和反日文化启蒙运动的影响下，朝鲜族妇女逐步意识到了妇女解放的必要性。她们在参加民族解放、抗日战争、国内革命的斗争中，获得了自身的解放。特别是新中国成立之后，在国家法律的保护下，拥有了婚姻方面的各种权利，而且在党的号召下，积极参加各种社会活动。改革开放给朝鲜族妇女创造了更多的就业机会。她们按自己的意愿选择职业，主动争取了属于自己的机会。而且婚姻观上也比前有了更大的变化。以前，她们总是把自己与国家、家庭联系起来，把国家和家庭放在首位。而现在，在许多方面，不仅为了国家与家庭的稳定发展，而且为了追求自身理想，实现自我价值。
未来朝鲜族妇女家庭伦理道德应该是把真挚的爱情作为婚姻的基础，夫妻互敬，并在家庭中遵守平等、民主的原则。
The construction of the family's morality is a important part in the construction of the socialist moral civilization. In this paper,the author mainly studies the changes of the family's morality of the ethnic Korean women in China.
The Korean women were first influenced by the "THREE OBEISANCES" (which originated in China) in the late years of the Koryo Dynasty and the early years of the Li's Korean Dynasty. The Korean women not only had no opportunities to take part in the social activities,but also had no the freedom of the marriage and divorce. The Korean females were completely subjected by the males.
They have no rights to marry again. After immigrating into China and under the influence of the civilization in the 17-19 century,Anti-Japanese Movement and the Enlightenment,l:he ethnic Korean women in China gradually concerned the importance of the women's emancipation. They obtained their own emancipation in the process of joining the struggles of the Chinese National Liberation Anti-Japanese war and Anti-KuoMinTang Reactionaries. Under the protection of law,they have all the rights of the marriage after the people's Republic of China was founded. They have been taking active part in all kinds of social activities. They have much more opportunities to get jobs after China executed the Reform-Open Policy. They can choose the jobs at their own wills,and obtain their own opportunities in the society. Their ideas of the marriage have changed much,e.g. they concern the feelings between husband and wife much more than before,and they wish the couple to improve together. The Reform-Open Policy changed the values
of the women much. They began to take part in the social activities not only for the contribution to the family and the country,but also for the achievement of their own ideals and values of life in many fields.
In future,the family's morality of the ethnic Korean women in China should based on the principles,such as:the real love to the marriage respecting to each other and equality democracy in the family.
朝鲜族妇女自高丽末李朝初开始就深受“三从”思想的影响。她们没有参加社会活动的自由，也没有自主选择配偶和离婚的自由。嫁到夫家，她们就彻底隶属于男子，完完全全陷于夫唱妇随、禁止再嫁的三从之道的罗网里。移民后，在近代文明和反日文化启蒙运动的影响下，朝鲜族妇女逐步意识到了妇女解放的必要性。她们在参加民族解放、抗日战争、国内革命的斗争中，获得了自身的解放。特别是新中国成立之后，在国家法律的保护下，拥有了婚姻方面的各种权利，而且在党的号召下，积极参加各种社会活动。改革开放给朝鲜族妇女创造了更多的就业机会。她们按自己的意愿选择职业，主动争取了属于自己的机会。而且婚姻观上也比前有了更大的变化。以前，她们总是把自己与国家、家庭联系起来，把国家和家庭放在首位。而现在，在许多方面，不仅为了国家与家庭的稳定发展，而且为了追求自身理想，实现自我价值。
未来朝鲜族妇女家庭伦理道德应该是把真挚的爱情作为婚姻的基础，夫妻互敬，并在家庭中遵守平等、民主的原则。
The construction of the family's morality is a important part in the construction of the socialist moral civilization. In this paper,the author mainly studies the changes of the family's morality of the ethnic Korean women in China.
The Korean women were first influenced by the "THREE OBEISANCES" (which originated in China) in the late years of the Koryo Dynasty and the early years of the Li's Korean Dynasty. The Korean women not only had no opportunities to take part in the social activities,but also had no the freedom of the marriage and divorce. The Korean females were completely subjected by the males.
They have no rights to marry again. After immigrating into China and under the influence of the civilization in the 17-19 century,Anti-Japanese Movement and the Enlightenment,l:he ethnic Korean women in China gradually concerned the importance of the women's emancipation. They obtained their own emancipation in the process of joining the struggles of the Chinese National Liberation Anti-Japanese war and Anti-KuoMinTang Reactionaries. Under the protection of law,they have all the rights of the marriage after the people's Republic of China was founded. They have been taking active part in all kinds of social activities. They have much more opportunities to get jobs after China executed the Reform-Open Policy. They can choose the jobs at their own wills,and obtain their own opportunities in the society. Their ideas of the marriage have changed much,e.g. they concern the feelings between husband and wife much more than before,and they wish the couple to improve together. The Reform-Open Policy changed the values
of the women much. They began to take part in the social activities not only for the contribution to the family and the country,but also for the achievement of their own ideals and values of life in many fields.
In future,the family's morality of the ethnic Korean women in China should based on the principles,such as:the real love to the marriage respecting to each other and equality democracy in the family.
引文
[1] 金耀基．中国妇女与发展．天津师范大学出版社：1993．
[2] 郑判龙．中国朝鲜族与21世纪．黑龙江朝鲜族出版社．1998．
[3] 张明芸．世纪之交的中国女性教育．东北师范大学出版社：1997．
[4] 朴今秀．辽宁省朝鲜族妇女丛书(家庭篇)．辽宁民族出版社：1997．
[5] 杜芳琴．中国妇女社会地位概观．大莲出版社：1999．
[6] 毛淑玲．妇女发展之路．辽宁民族出版社：1999．
[7] 金景一．朝鲜族文化．辽宁民族出版社：1995．
[8] 黄仕忠．婚变、道德与文学，人民文学出版社：2000．
[9] 石义讶．市场经济时期的妇女工作．人民出版社：1996．
[10] 李慧善．献给中国朝鲜族．延边出版社：2000．
[11] 罗国杰．伦理学教程．中国人民大学出版社：1990．
[12] 金东和．东北亚政治与文化文化论丛(二)．延边大学出版社：1995．
[13] 蔡美花、李福顺．妇女研究(1、2)．黑龙江朝鲜民族出版社．1995．
[14] 金承哲．东北亚政治与文化论丛．延边大学出版社：1997．
[15] 金云鹅．女性世界论坛．人民文学出版社：1999．
[16] 相敏子．中国朝鲜族现状及发展趋势．延边大学出版社：2000．
[17] 金春东．韩国文化史．(复印资料)．
[18] 编委会．朝鲜族研究论丛．延边人民出版社：1991．
[19] 陈宝庭．经济伦理学．东北财经大学出版社：2001．
[20] 全信子．“9．18”事变前反日运动中朝鲜族妇女意识形态的变化
[21] 姜海顺．中·韩涉外婚生活实态
[22] 潘畅和．妇女解放的实质和方向
[23]章海山．社会主义市场经济与人性的发展．中山大学学报：1996．1．
[24]魏英敏．商品经济的发展和新的价值观念．伦理学：1992．10．
[25]魏英敏．传统伦理与家庭道德建设．浙江学刊：1996．2．
[26]金一红．影响当前家庭稳定性的伦理道德因素分析及对策研究．学海．1997．3
[27]李福顺．家庭中的妇女地位．1995．8．
[28]禹英兰．论新时期朝鲜族妇女在家庭中的地位．延大学报：1995．8．
[29]关培兰、石宁．中美家庭伦理观与教育比较．中国青年政治学院学报：1999．1．
[30]吴相顺．朝鲜族女性文化与女性文学．民族问题研究：2001．8．
[31]瞿明安．社会转型的民族文化适应机制．民族文化．2001．3．
[32]谢振荣．世纪之交女性素质面临的挑战．齐齐哈尔大学学报．1998．6．
[33]李裴勇．朝鲜时代儒教价值观与女性．学术会论文．2001．
[34]陶春芳．当代中国婚姻家庭状况概述．学术会论文．2000．
[2] 郑判龙．中国朝鲜族与21世纪．黑龙江朝鲜族出版社．1998．
[3] 张明芸．世纪之交的中国女性教育．东北师范大学出版社：1997．
[4] 朴今秀．辽宁省朝鲜族妇女丛书(家庭篇)．辽宁民族出版社：1997．
[5] 杜芳琴．中国妇女社会地位概观．大莲出版社：1999．
[6] 毛淑玲．妇女发展之路．辽宁民族出版社：1999．
[7] 金景一．朝鲜族文化．辽宁民族出版社：1995．
[8] 黄仕忠．婚变、道德与文学，人民文学出版社：2000．
[9] 石义讶．市场经济时期的妇女工作．人民出版社：1996．
[10] 李慧善．献给中国朝鲜族．延边出版社：2000．
[11] 罗国杰．伦理学教程．中国人民大学出版社：1990．
[12] 金东和．东北亚政治与文化文化论丛(二)．延边大学出版社：1995．
[13] 蔡美花、李福顺．妇女研究(1、2)．黑龙江朝鲜民族出版社．1995．
[14] 金承哲．东北亚政治与文化论丛．延边大学出版社：1997．
[15] 金云鹅．女性世界论坛．人民文学出版社：1999．
[16] 相敏子．中国朝鲜族现状及发展趋势．延边大学出版社：2000．
[17] 金春东．韩国文化史．(复印资料)．
[18] 编委会．朝鲜族研究论丛．延边人民出版社：1991．
[19] 陈宝庭．经济伦理学．东北财经大学出版社：2001．
[20] 全信子．“9．18”事变前反日运动中朝鲜族妇女意识形态的变化
[21] 姜海顺．中·韩涉外婚生活实态
[22] 潘畅和．妇女解放的实质和方向
[23]章海山．社会主义市场经济与人性的发展．中山大学学报：1996．1．
[24]魏英敏．商品经济的发展和新的价值观念．伦理学：1992．10．
[25]魏英敏．传统伦理与家庭道德建设．浙江学刊：1996．2．
[26]金一红．影响当前家庭稳定性的伦理道德因素分析及对策研究．学海．1997．3
[27]李福顺．家庭中的妇女地位．1995．8．
[28]禹英兰．论新时期朝鲜族妇女在家庭中的地位．延大学报：1995．8．
[29]关培兰、石宁．中美家庭伦理观与教育比较．中国青年政治学院学报：1999．1．
[30]吴相顺．朝鲜族女性文化与女性文学．民族问题研究：2001．8．
[31]瞿明安．社会转型的民族文化适应机制．民族文化．2001．3．
[32]谢振荣．世纪之交女性素质面临的挑战．齐齐哈尔大学学报．1998．6．
[33]李裴勇．朝鲜时代儒教价值观与女性．学术会论文．2001．
[34]陶春芳．当代中国婚姻家庭状况概述．学术会论文．2000．