当代国人幸福问题研究
摘要
幸福是人生的终极目的。虽然人们对幸福的理解却各不相同,但每个人都在为了自己心目中的幸福而努力奋斗着。当今社会中,市场经济日益发展,我国传统的幸福道德观念被所谓西方现代文明所侵蚀,物质主义、功利主义、拜金主义、享乐主义等思潮冲击着国人的价值观、人生观,人们为了提高自己的生活水平,对物质的需求十分迫切,有不少人就错误的将物质享受理解为幸福,而精神上的富足却很少有人去追求,金钱成了衡量是否幸福的标准。为了追求个人幸福,一些人不惜铤而走险,无视法律和道德,一味追逐财富、名利和地位。与此同时,随着经济的发展,人们的生活压力也越来越大,一栋栋大楼将人们隔离开,人与人之间少了信任,多了冷漠。在这样的社会中人们想要找到属于自己的真正的幸福,已非易事。因此十分有必要对当今时代的幸福问题进行剖析,从理论层面和现实层面解析如何获得幸福。
本文从幸福的本质出发,通过对幸福类型与表现形式的论述,分析了当前国民幸福现状以及影响国民幸福感的主客观因素,进而对实现幸福生活需要具备的主体条件和社会基础进行了探索。本文首先对幸福的本质进行论述,从需要的角度、创造性的角度、道德的角度和过程实现的角度出发,梳理了幸福的不同类型,列举了几种幸福常见的表现形式,分别是幸福观、幸福感和幸福指数,其中和我们生活息息相关的是幸福指数,也是幸福的评价标准；然后根据近几年相关机构对国民幸福感的调查结果,分析了当前影响国人幸福的主体因素和外部因素,其中主体因素分为健康、天资、努力和德性四个方面；外部因素则分为民生、工作和家庭三方面,其中民生问题是当前社会外部因素的重点,涵盖了个人收入、住房保障、医疗保障和食品卫生保障四个方面。这些问题时刻影响着当前国人的幸福感,如何解决这些问题,是提高当前国人幸福感的关键。最后,针对这些影响幸福的因素,分别从个人和社会的角度出发提出了几点提高国人幸福水平的建议,指出要实现幸福的生活,不但要有良好的个人素养,更离不开和谐的社会环境。人们要最大限度的获得幸福,首先要具备正确的价值观念和优秀的道德素养,还要有劳动创造的精神,另外也不能忽视客观条件对幸福的影响,快速发展的经济是实现幸福的物质保障,公正的社会环境是幸福的内在要求,而美好的环境则是人们享受幸福的基本条件。
幸福是一个具有很强理论意义和现实意义的课题,本文通过对幸福的理性探析和对现实的合理分析,力求促使我国在经济平稳快速发展的同时,能够让国人的幸福感受也得到长足的进步。
Happiness is the ultimate purpose of human beings life. But different people have different understanding of happiness, everyone is struggling for their own happiness, In the contemporary society, the marketing economy growing rapidly, the traditional ethics of happiness in our country aliened by the western modern civilization, materialism, utilitarianism, money worship and hedonism etc, all these trend impacted the values of Chinese outlook on life. In order to improve their living standard, people's demand on materials is very urgent, many people are mistaking material comforts for happiness, only few people to pursue the spiritual wealth, money has become a standard to measure whether you are happy or not. To pursue personal happiness, some people willing to take risks, in defiance of law and morality, only pursue wealth, fame and status. At the same time, by the development of economy, people's life pressure becoming bigger and bigger, these buildings will be isolated people from each other, less trust between people and more indifferent appears. In such a society, it is not so easy for people to find their own willing happiness. So it is very necessary to analyses the happiness problem of our era, and from the theoretical and practical level to find the way to get happiness.
This dissertation begun with the essence of happiness, analyzed the current status of national happiness as well as the subjective and objective factors affecting the national happiness through the happiness type and form of expression, and to explored the conditions and social foundation what is the need of realizing people happy life. At first, discussed the nature of happiness, from the view of need, creative, moral and the process implementation to sorted out the different types of happiness, and enumerated several common forms of happiness, they are happiness view, happiness feeling and happiness index. Happiness index is closely linked to human-beings daily life, it also the evaluation standard of happiness. Then according to the national happiness survey by the relevant institutions in recent years, analyzed the subject's factors and external factors what influencing people's happiness. The subject factors are divided into four aspect:health, talent, effort and virtue; While the external factors are divided into three aspect:the people's livelihood, work and family. The people's livelihood is the key point of the external factors in the current society, covers four aspect:personal income, housing, health care and food hygiene security. These problems always affects the feeling of happiness by the people, to solve these problems is the key to improve the current Chinese happiness. Finally, according to these factors, putted forward several Suggestions for the improvement of people happiness levels respectively from the perspective of individuals and the society. Pointed out that to live happy life not only needed good personal moral qualities, but also a harmonious social environment. In order to achieve the maximum happiness, primarily, people should have a correct concept of value and a good moral quality, then have labor creation spirit, also can't ignore the influence of the objective conditions on happiness. High developed economic is material guarantee to achieve happiness. A fair social environment is the inherent requirement of happiness, and a good environment is the basic conditions for people to enjoy happiness.
Happiness research is a huge project which has a strong theoretical significance and realistic significance. This dissertation through the rational analysis on the reality to promote a steady and rapidly economic growth, meanwhile to promote a huge progress on national's feeling of happiness.
本文从幸福的本质出发,通过对幸福类型与表现形式的论述,分析了当前国民幸福现状以及影响国民幸福感的主客观因素,进而对实现幸福生活需要具备的主体条件和社会基础进行了探索。本文首先对幸福的本质进行论述,从需要的角度、创造性的角度、道德的角度和过程实现的角度出发,梳理了幸福的不同类型,列举了几种幸福常见的表现形式,分别是幸福观、幸福感和幸福指数,其中和我们生活息息相关的是幸福指数,也是幸福的评价标准；然后根据近几年相关机构对国民幸福感的调查结果,分析了当前影响国人幸福的主体因素和外部因素,其中主体因素分为健康、天资、努力和德性四个方面；外部因素则分为民生、工作和家庭三方面,其中民生问题是当前社会外部因素的重点,涵盖了个人收入、住房保障、医疗保障和食品卫生保障四个方面。这些问题时刻影响着当前国人的幸福感,如何解决这些问题,是提高当前国人幸福感的关键。最后,针对这些影响幸福的因素,分别从个人和社会的角度出发提出了几点提高国人幸福水平的建议,指出要实现幸福的生活,不但要有良好的个人素养,更离不开和谐的社会环境。人们要最大限度的获得幸福,首先要具备正确的价值观念和优秀的道德素养,还要有劳动创造的精神,另外也不能忽视客观条件对幸福的影响,快速发展的经济是实现幸福的物质保障,公正的社会环境是幸福的内在要求,而美好的环境则是人们享受幸福的基本条件。
幸福是一个具有很强理论意义和现实意义的课题,本文通过对幸福的理性探析和对现实的合理分析,力求促使我国在经济平稳快速发展的同时,能够让国人的幸福感受也得到长足的进步。
Happiness is the ultimate purpose of human beings life. But different people have different understanding of happiness, everyone is struggling for their own happiness, In the contemporary society, the marketing economy growing rapidly, the traditional ethics of happiness in our country aliened by the western modern civilization, materialism, utilitarianism, money worship and hedonism etc, all these trend impacted the values of Chinese outlook on life. In order to improve their living standard, people's demand on materials is very urgent, many people are mistaking material comforts for happiness, only few people to pursue the spiritual wealth, money has become a standard to measure whether you are happy or not. To pursue personal happiness, some people willing to take risks, in defiance of law and morality, only pursue wealth, fame and status. At the same time, by the development of economy, people's life pressure becoming bigger and bigger, these buildings will be isolated people from each other, less trust between people and more indifferent appears. In such a society, it is not so easy for people to find their own willing happiness. So it is very necessary to analyses the happiness problem of our era, and from the theoretical and practical level to find the way to get happiness.
This dissertation begun with the essence of happiness, analyzed the current status of national happiness as well as the subjective and objective factors affecting the national happiness through the happiness type and form of expression, and to explored the conditions and social foundation what is the need of realizing people happy life. At first, discussed the nature of happiness, from the view of need, creative, moral and the process implementation to sorted out the different types of happiness, and enumerated several common forms of happiness, they are happiness view, happiness feeling and happiness index. Happiness index is closely linked to human-beings daily life, it also the evaluation standard of happiness. Then according to the national happiness survey by the relevant institutions in recent years, analyzed the subject's factors and external factors what influencing people's happiness. The subject factors are divided into four aspect:health, talent, effort and virtue; While the external factors are divided into three aspect:the people's livelihood, work and family. The people's livelihood is the key point of the external factors in the current society, covers four aspect:personal income, housing, health care and food hygiene security. These problems always affects the feeling of happiness by the people, to solve these problems is the key to improve the current Chinese happiness. Finally, according to these factors, putted forward several Suggestions for the improvement of people happiness levels respectively from the perspective of individuals and the society. Pointed out that to live happy life not only needed good personal moral qualities, but also a harmonious social environment. In order to achieve the maximum happiness, primarily, people should have a correct concept of value and a good moral quality, then have labor creation spirit, also can't ignore the influence of the objective conditions on happiness. High developed economic is material guarantee to achieve happiness. A fair social environment is the inherent requirement of happiness, and a good environment is the basic conditions for people to enjoy happiness.
Happiness research is a huge project which has a strong theoretical significance and realistic significance. This dissertation through the rational analysis on the reality to promote a steady and rapidly economic growth, meanwhile to promote a huge progress on national's feeling of happiness.
引文
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