祛瘀解毒方治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期的临床研究
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摘要
慢性阻塞性肺疾病(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, COPD)是呼吸系统常见的慢性疾病之一,是我国人群致死致残的一个主要原因,为我国呼吸系统疾病研究的热点之一。
第一部分：文献整理研究
系统论述了COPD中医病因病机、治则治法、防治COPD的机理及现代西医对稳定期COPD治疗的进展。发现中医药治疗对改善患者的临床症状、提高患者生活质量及减少急性加重次数有较好的作用。
第二部分：理论探讨
根据传统中医学对病因的认识,结合COPD的现代病理生理的研究进展,提出瘀毒阻络是其病因病机之一的假说。围绕这一假说,初步探讨了瘀、毒在COPD病理过程中形成,转化互生的病理机制,致病特点及治疗方法。
第三部分：临床研究
目的：从肺功能、中医证候积分、慢性阻塞性肺疾病评估测试评分(COPD assessment test, CAT)、多因素分级系统指数(BODE)、急性加重次数和程度等方面,评价祛瘀解毒方对COPD稳定期患者的治疗作用。
方法：选择COPD Ⅱ-Ⅲ级稳定期证属瘀毒阻络证的患者66例,随机分为试验组33例、对照组33例。对照组按照中华医学会COPD治疗指南规范治疗,试验组在此基础上加用自制中药复方制剂—祛瘀解毒方。治疗4周,比较治疗前后肺功能、证候积分、CAT评分、BODE指数及急性加重的次数和程度等方面的变化。
结果：两组治疗前基线资料基本平衡。试验组失访2例,对照组有1例因急性加重退出,失访2例。治疗4周,试验组疾病疗效为87.1%,中医证候有效率为90.32%;对照组疾病疗效为60%,中医证候有效率为66.67%。试验组有效率均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后中医证候积分和咳嗽、咯痰、胸闷痛、面色晦暗、呼吸困难的积分,试验组降低幅度优于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)；与治疗前比较,第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)两组均有改善(P<0.01),两组相比无显著差异；CAT总分两组均有降低(P<0.01),试验组降低幅度优于对照组(P<0.05)；睡眠、信心评分两组均有降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),试验组降低幅度优于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)；咳嗽、咯痰、胸闷、气喘评分与治疗前比较两组均有降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),但组间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗后BODE各项指数评分组间比较没有显著差异,但与治疗前比较,气道阻塞、呼吸困难的评分及BODE总分两组均有改善(P<0.01),6分钟步行距离两组均有增加(P<0.01)。治疗后随访4周期间,试验组有2例轻度急性加重；对照组有2例轻度急性加重,1例重度加重住院治疗。治疗后随访4周时CAT量表评分显示,试验组咳嗽、咯痰、胸闷、气喘、外出活动的信心、做事、睡眠、精力及CAT总分与治疗前比较有明显改善(P<0.05,P<0.01),对照组咳嗽、咯痰、气喘、胸闷、做事及CAT总分与治疗前比较有明显改善(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论：祛瘀解毒方结合西医常规治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者,可进一步改善咳嗽、咯痰、胸闷痛、呼吸困难等临床症状和生活质量；慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者生活质量与体重指数、6分钟步行距离、加用祛瘀解毒方治疗呈正相关,与年龄、吸烟呈负相关；肺功能FEV1与年龄、吸烟呈负相关,与6分钟步行距离呈正相关。中医证候疗效与既往急性加重次数、吸烟呈负相关、与是否服祛瘀解毒方呈正相关。
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic diseases of respiratory system. It is a major cause of disability and fatal in our country, and it has becom a hot spot of respirtory disease research. This thesis incloud following three parts:
1Article review
Pathogenesis and pathology, therapeutic principle, mechanism of COPD prevention-treatment by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine therapy were systematic reviewed in this study. The previous studies showed that TCM have a beneficial effect on improving clinical symptoms, health-related quality of life, and reducing the frequence of COPD acute exacerbation.
2Theoretical explorations
Combining the pathogenesis and pathology from TCM theory with the progress on the pathophysiology research of Wstern medicine, we put forward a new hypothesis that stasis and toxicity blocking collaterals is one of the etiology and pathogenesis of COPD. We also presented a preliminary discuss on the formation of the stasis and toxin form during the course of COPD, reciprocal transformation, pathogenic characteristic and therapeutic method.
3Clinical study
Objective To evaluate Quyu Jiedu Decoction on the treatment of COPD patients in stable stage, based on the changes of the lung function and symptom integral before and after treatment, COPD assessment test (CAT) questionnaire score, BODE index, levels and frequency of AECOPD. Methods66phase Ⅱ-Ⅲ COPD patients with Stasis and Toxicity Blocking Collaterals Syndrome (STBCS) were recruited. They were randomly assigned to the treatment group (33cases) and the control group (33cases) without blind method. Patients in the control group were treated in line with the treatment guidance set by Chinese Medical Association, while those in the treatment group were additionally treated by Quyu Jiedu Decoction. After4-week treatment, comparison the changes of CAT score, BODE index, levels and frequency of AECOPD, the lung function and symptom integral before and after treatment. Results There was no statistical difference in base line data between the treatment group and the control group before treatment. After4weeks treatment,2patients withdrew in the treatment group and3patients withdrew in the control group. The efficiency of disease was87.1%and the efficiency of TCM syndrome was90.32%in the treatment group, which was60%and66.67%in the control group, with statistical difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The total symptom integral, cough, expectoration, chest distress, dark facial complexion, dyspnea score of the treatment group were better than the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the integrals changes of panting, cyanosis, spontaneous sweating, tiredness and so on. There was no statistical difference in each post-treatment index of pulmonary function between the two groups. But compared with before treatment, FEV1of two groups were improved (P<0.01). The total CAT score decreased in the two groups, and treatment group score was better than control group (P<0.05). The sleep score and confident score of treatment group was better than control group after treatment (P<0.05). The scores of cough, expectoration, tight, breathless of two groups was better than them before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between two groups. As for changes in each index of BODE, there was no statistical difference between the two groups. But compared with before treatment, scores of obstruction, dyspnea and total BODE were improved in two groups (P<0.01). And distance of6MWT was improved in two groups (P<0.01). During4-week follow up period, there were2patients mild exacerbation in the treatment group, but2patients mild and1patient serious exacerbation in the control group. After4weeks follow up period, the total CAT score and each of single index of the treatment group were better than before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05). And in the control group, the total CAT score, cough, phlegm, breathless, tight and activities scores were better than before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05). Conclusions Quyu Jiedu Decoction combined with western medicine in the treatment of stable COPD, the efficiency is superior to that of simple western medicine treatment. Quyu Jiedu Decoction can be more effective in relieving cough, expectoration, chest pain, dyspnea, darkish complexion of the clinical symptoms and signs. Quyu Jiedu Decoction can improve the patients'health-related quality of life. It showed that Quyu Jiedu Decoction can make patients'sleep quality better, develop confidence of departure, reduce patients'risk of death. The patients' health-related quality of life is positively correlated with body mass index,6minutes walking distance and Chinese medicine treatment, negative correlated with age and smoking. The FEV1%PRE was negatively related with age and smoking, positively correlated with6minutes walking distance. The efficiency of TCM syndrome is positively correlated with Chinese medicine treatment, and negatively related to frequence of acute exacerbation and smoking.
第一部分：文献整理研究
系统论述了COPD中医病因病机、治则治法、防治COPD的机理及现代西医对稳定期COPD治疗的进展。发现中医药治疗对改善患者的临床症状、提高患者生活质量及减少急性加重次数有较好的作用。
第二部分：理论探讨
根据传统中医学对病因的认识,结合COPD的现代病理生理的研究进展,提出瘀毒阻络是其病因病机之一的假说。围绕这一假说,初步探讨了瘀、毒在COPD病理过程中形成,转化互生的病理机制,致病特点及治疗方法。
第三部分：临床研究
目的：从肺功能、中医证候积分、慢性阻塞性肺疾病评估测试评分(COPD assessment test, CAT)、多因素分级系统指数(BODE)、急性加重次数和程度等方面,评价祛瘀解毒方对COPD稳定期患者的治疗作用。
方法：选择COPD Ⅱ-Ⅲ级稳定期证属瘀毒阻络证的患者66例,随机分为试验组33例、对照组33例。对照组按照中华医学会COPD治疗指南规范治疗,试验组在此基础上加用自制中药复方制剂—祛瘀解毒方。治疗4周,比较治疗前后肺功能、证候积分、CAT评分、BODE指数及急性加重的次数和程度等方面的变化。
结果：两组治疗前基线资料基本平衡。试验组失访2例,对照组有1例因急性加重退出,失访2例。治疗4周,试验组疾病疗效为87.1%,中医证候有效率为90.32%;对照组疾病疗效为60%,中医证候有效率为66.67%。试验组有效率均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后中医证候积分和咳嗽、咯痰、胸闷痛、面色晦暗、呼吸困难的积分,试验组降低幅度优于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)；与治疗前比较,第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)两组均有改善(P<0.01),两组相比无显著差异；CAT总分两组均有降低(P<0.01),试验组降低幅度优于对照组(P<0.05)；睡眠、信心评分两组均有降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),试验组降低幅度优于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)；咳嗽、咯痰、胸闷、气喘评分与治疗前比较两组均有降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),但组间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗后BODE各项指数评分组间比较没有显著差异,但与治疗前比较,气道阻塞、呼吸困难的评分及BODE总分两组均有改善(P<0.01),6分钟步行距离两组均有增加(P<0.01)。治疗后随访4周期间,试验组有2例轻度急性加重；对照组有2例轻度急性加重,1例重度加重住院治疗。治疗后随访4周时CAT量表评分显示,试验组咳嗽、咯痰、胸闷、气喘、外出活动的信心、做事、睡眠、精力及CAT总分与治疗前比较有明显改善(P<0.05,P<0.01),对照组咳嗽、咯痰、气喘、胸闷、做事及CAT总分与治疗前比较有明显改善(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论：祛瘀解毒方结合西医常规治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者,可进一步改善咳嗽、咯痰、胸闷痛、呼吸困难等临床症状和生活质量；慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者生活质量与体重指数、6分钟步行距离、加用祛瘀解毒方治疗呈正相关,与年龄、吸烟呈负相关；肺功能FEV1与年龄、吸烟呈负相关,与6分钟步行距离呈正相关。中医证候疗效与既往急性加重次数、吸烟呈负相关、与是否服祛瘀解毒方呈正相关。
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic diseases of respiratory system. It is a major cause of disability and fatal in our country, and it has becom a hot spot of respirtory disease research. This thesis incloud following three parts:
1Article review
Pathogenesis and pathology, therapeutic principle, mechanism of COPD prevention-treatment by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine therapy were systematic reviewed in this study. The previous studies showed that TCM have a beneficial effect on improving clinical symptoms, health-related quality of life, and reducing the frequence of COPD acute exacerbation.
2Theoretical explorations
Combining the pathogenesis and pathology from TCM theory with the progress on the pathophysiology research of Wstern medicine, we put forward a new hypothesis that stasis and toxicity blocking collaterals is one of the etiology and pathogenesis of COPD. We also presented a preliminary discuss on the formation of the stasis and toxin form during the course of COPD, reciprocal transformation, pathogenic characteristic and therapeutic method.
3Clinical study
Objective To evaluate Quyu Jiedu Decoction on the treatment of COPD patients in stable stage, based on the changes of the lung function and symptom integral before and after treatment, COPD assessment test (CAT) questionnaire score, BODE index, levels and frequency of AECOPD. Methods66phase Ⅱ-Ⅲ COPD patients with Stasis and Toxicity Blocking Collaterals Syndrome (STBCS) were recruited. They were randomly assigned to the treatment group (33cases) and the control group (33cases) without blind method. Patients in the control group were treated in line with the treatment guidance set by Chinese Medical Association, while those in the treatment group were additionally treated by Quyu Jiedu Decoction. After4-week treatment, comparison the changes of CAT score, BODE index, levels and frequency of AECOPD, the lung function and symptom integral before and after treatment. Results There was no statistical difference in base line data between the treatment group and the control group before treatment. After4weeks treatment,2patients withdrew in the treatment group and3patients withdrew in the control group. The efficiency of disease was87.1%and the efficiency of TCM syndrome was90.32%in the treatment group, which was60%and66.67%in the control group, with statistical difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The total symptom integral, cough, expectoration, chest distress, dark facial complexion, dyspnea score of the treatment group were better than the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the integrals changes of panting, cyanosis, spontaneous sweating, tiredness and so on. There was no statistical difference in each post-treatment index of pulmonary function between the two groups. But compared with before treatment, FEV1of two groups were improved (P<0.01). The total CAT score decreased in the two groups, and treatment group score was better than control group (P<0.05). The sleep score and confident score of treatment group was better than control group after treatment (P<0.05). The scores of cough, expectoration, tight, breathless of two groups was better than them before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between two groups. As for changes in each index of BODE, there was no statistical difference between the two groups. But compared with before treatment, scores of obstruction, dyspnea and total BODE were improved in two groups (P<0.01). And distance of6MWT was improved in two groups (P<0.01). During4-week follow up period, there were2patients mild exacerbation in the treatment group, but2patients mild and1patient serious exacerbation in the control group. After4weeks follow up period, the total CAT score and each of single index of the treatment group were better than before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05). And in the control group, the total CAT score, cough, phlegm, breathless, tight and activities scores were better than before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05). Conclusions Quyu Jiedu Decoction combined with western medicine in the treatment of stable COPD, the efficiency is superior to that of simple western medicine treatment. Quyu Jiedu Decoction can be more effective in relieving cough, expectoration, chest pain, dyspnea, darkish complexion of the clinical symptoms and signs. Quyu Jiedu Decoction can improve the patients'health-related quality of life. It showed that Quyu Jiedu Decoction can make patients'sleep quality better, develop confidence of departure, reduce patients'risk of death. The patients' health-related quality of life is positively correlated with body mass index,6minutes walking distance and Chinese medicine treatment, negative correlated with age and smoking. The FEV1%PRE was negatively related with age and smoking, positively correlated with6minutes walking distance. The efficiency of TCM syndrome is positively correlated with Chinese medicine treatment, and negatively related to frequence of acute exacerbation and smoking.
引文
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