对抚顺石油二厂延迟焦化装置扩能改造的探讨
摘要
世界范围内原油重质化和劣质化速度加快,而对轻质油产品的需求量增大,延迟焦化技术因其设备投资少、工艺简单和技术成熟等特点,日益受到重视,成为近年来一个新的研究热点和重要的重油加工手段。到目前为止,延迟焦化工艺无论从流程、设备的材质选择还是设备的大型化方面都有了突飞猛进的发展,变得更加经济合理,节省了投资。
预计到2008年底,抚顺石化公司石油二厂原油加工总量将增加到1150万吨/年。根据总流程的要求,焦化装置需要加工处理大约280万吨/年的减压渣油,因此现有的120万吨/年处理能力的焦化装置需要扩能改造至280万吨/年,以满足全厂重油平衡的要求,同时满足为百万吨乙烯技改工程提供优质乙烯裂解原料和“油蜡联产”技改工程提供充足的生产石蜡及润滑油基础油的理想原料。
本文主要任务是梳理出抚顺石化公司石油二厂280万吨/年延迟焦化扩能改造的瓶颈,选择适合现场实际情况的最优的改造方案,确定合理的操作参数和工艺流程,以最少的投资创造最大的经济效益。同时也对装置工程设计中的自动控制水平、环保与安全问题以及装置建设的可行性进行经济分析。
With the pace of the heavy crude oil and poor crude oil speeding up worldwide and the light quality oil product is demanded largely, so the delayed coker technology is taken seriously day by day and becomes a new research focus and the important heavy oil processing method in recent years owing to less equipment investment ,simple craft and well-developed technology. So far, delayed coker craft has made great development on the aspects of the process, the choice of equipment's material quality or equipment's scale, becomes more economical and reasonable, and then has decreased the investment.
It is estimated that by the end of 2008,the total sum of the crude oil processing in refinery No.2 of Fushun Petrochemical Company petroleum will have increased to 11,500,000 tons per year. According to the requirement of total process , the coker unit needs to dispose 2,400,000 tons crude pomace oil per year, therefore the existing coker unit with the ability to handle 1,200,000 tons per year needs to be expanded and improved to 2,400,000 tons per year to meet the needs for the heavy oil in the entire factory, simultaneously provides high quality ethylene decomposition raw material for 1,000,000 ton ethylene technological transformation project and provides the sufficient production of paraffin wax and the ideal raw material of the basic oil of the lubricating oil for the technological transformation project of the production of the oil and the paraffin wax.
This article talks about the bottleneck of delayed coker technology with 2,400,000 tons per year in Fushun Petrochemical Company , selection of the superior improvement plan which suits the actual situation and the decision of the reasonable operating parameter and the technical process in order to create the maximum economic efficiency by the least investments, at the same time has carried on the economic analysis to the automatic control level of the unit engineering design, the environmental protection and the security problem as well as the feasibility of the equipment construction.
预计到2008年底,抚顺石化公司石油二厂原油加工总量将增加到1150万吨/年。根据总流程的要求,焦化装置需要加工处理大约280万吨/年的减压渣油,因此现有的120万吨/年处理能力的焦化装置需要扩能改造至280万吨/年,以满足全厂重油平衡的要求,同时满足为百万吨乙烯技改工程提供优质乙烯裂解原料和“油蜡联产”技改工程提供充足的生产石蜡及润滑油基础油的理想原料。
本文主要任务是梳理出抚顺石化公司石油二厂280万吨/年延迟焦化扩能改造的瓶颈,选择适合现场实际情况的最优的改造方案,确定合理的操作参数和工艺流程,以最少的投资创造最大的经济效益。同时也对装置工程设计中的自动控制水平、环保与安全问题以及装置建设的可行性进行经济分析。
With the pace of the heavy crude oil and poor crude oil speeding up worldwide and the light quality oil product is demanded largely, so the delayed coker technology is taken seriously day by day and becomes a new research focus and the important heavy oil processing method in recent years owing to less equipment investment ,simple craft and well-developed technology. So far, delayed coker craft has made great development on the aspects of the process, the choice of equipment's material quality or equipment's scale, becomes more economical and reasonable, and then has decreased the investment.
It is estimated that by the end of 2008,the total sum of the crude oil processing in refinery No.2 of Fushun Petrochemical Company petroleum will have increased to 11,500,000 tons per year. According to the requirement of total process , the coker unit needs to dispose 2,400,000 tons crude pomace oil per year, therefore the existing coker unit with the ability to handle 1,200,000 tons per year needs to be expanded and improved to 2,400,000 tons per year to meet the needs for the heavy oil in the entire factory, simultaneously provides high quality ethylene decomposition raw material for 1,000,000 ton ethylene technological transformation project and provides the sufficient production of paraffin wax and the ideal raw material of the basic oil of the lubricating oil for the technological transformation project of the production of the oil and the paraffin wax.
This article talks about the bottleneck of delayed coker technology with 2,400,000 tons per year in Fushun Petrochemical Company , selection of the superior improvement plan which suits the actual situation and the decision of the reasonable operating parameter and the technical process in order to create the maximum economic efficiency by the least investments, at the same time has carried on the economic analysis to the automatic control level of the unit engineering design, the environmental protection and the security problem as well as the feasibility of the equipment construction.
引文
[1]瞿国华.21世纪中国炼油工业的重要发展方向——重质(超重质)原油加工[J].中外能源.2007,12(3):54～62
[2]金大祥,邹介棠.现代激光测试技术在燃气轮机燃烧室测试中的应用[J].船舶工程,No-4,1999:48～51
[3]张德义,充分发挥延迟焦化装置在原油深加工中的作用[J].当代石油化工,2001,9(2):9
[4]程之光.重油加工技术「M].北京:中国石化出版社,1994
[5]李春年.渣油加工工艺〔M].北京:中国石化出版社,2002
[6]陈维杻,传递过程与单元操作[M],浙江大学出版社,1993
[7]候芙生.创新炼油技术推动21世纪我国炼油工业的发展[J].石油炼制与化工,2002,33(1):1～9
[8]CHOWDHURYJ.A crude awakening for refiners[J].Chem Eng,1998,105(13):33～37
[9]Feintuch H M ,et at. F W Delayed coking process ,in Handbook of petroleum refining processes.2ed ed .New York :McGraw hill,1997
[10]瞿国华,黄大智,梁文杰.延迟焦化在我国石油加工中的地位和前景.[J]石油学报(石油加工)2005,22(3):47～53
[11]胡德铭.延迟焦化工艺进展[J].当代石油石化,2003,11(5):21～25
[12]蔡晓洁,陈清林等.延迟焦化装置能量系统优化改造[J].石油炼制与化工,2002,33(2):52～54
[13]王雪松,袁志祥,尹鲁江,王安杰.延迟焦化工艺的技术进展[J].工业催化.2006,14(4):22～25
[14]陈奎.延迟焦化装置技术改造方案的选择[J].石油化工设计.2006,23(2):27-30
[15] Anthony D B, Kruse C J, Ewy G L, et al. Advances in coking technology [A]. AIChE 1996 Spring National Meeting[C ]. New Orleans,1996.Paper60d.
[16]Ellis P J ,Paul C A. Tutorial: Delayed coking fundamentals[A ].AIChE 1998 Spring N ational Meeting[C].New Orleans, 1998.Paper 29a.
[17] RAM MALIK. Delayed Coker design and project execution [J].Petroleum Technology Quarterly (Autumn),2002,53～61
[18]晃可绳.延迟焦化装置的设计考虑(2)[J].炼油技术与工程.2003,33(11):25～29
[19]刘训峰.延迟焦化装置的技术改进[J].石油炼制与化工.2001,32(8):15～18
[20]李和杰,徐江华,甘丽琳,张立新.延迟焦化装置的大型化扩能改造设计[J].炼油技术与工程.2003,33(8):5～9
[21]瞿国华.延迟焦化在中国炼油工业中的地位和发展前景[J].(上海)含硫原油加工研讨会论文集.2003
[22]张立新.中国延迟焦化装置的技术进展.炼油技术于工程[J].2005,35(6):1～7
[23]李和杰,徐杰华等延迟焦化装置的大型化扩能改造设计[J].炼油技术与工程,2003,33(8):5～9
[24]长仓三郎(日)主编,陈耀亭译,化学[M],1979
[25]Marsh, 1l.,Preprints or ACS,Petroleum Derived Carbon[M],1976
[26]White, J. L,.Preprints of ACS,Petroleum Derived Carbon[M],1976
[27]刘辉,李林军,王国荣.水力除焦控制系统安全性和可靠性的改进[J].石油化工自动化.2006,5:98～103
[28]瞿滨.延迟焦化装置技术问答[M].中国石化,2007
[2]金大祥,邹介棠.现代激光测试技术在燃气轮机燃烧室测试中的应用[J].船舶工程,No-4,1999:48～51
[3]张德义,充分发挥延迟焦化装置在原油深加工中的作用[J].当代石油化工,2001,9(2):9
[4]程之光.重油加工技术「M].北京:中国石化出版社,1994
[5]李春年.渣油加工工艺〔M].北京:中国石化出版社,2002
[6]陈维杻,传递过程与单元操作[M],浙江大学出版社,1993
[7]候芙生.创新炼油技术推动21世纪我国炼油工业的发展[J].石油炼制与化工,2002,33(1):1～9
[8]CHOWDHURYJ.A crude awakening for refiners[J].Chem Eng,1998,105(13):33～37
[9]Feintuch H M ,et at. F W Delayed coking process ,in Handbook of petroleum refining processes.2ed ed .New York :McGraw hill,1997
[10]瞿国华,黄大智,梁文杰.延迟焦化在我国石油加工中的地位和前景.[J]石油学报(石油加工)2005,22(3):47～53
[11]胡德铭.延迟焦化工艺进展[J].当代石油石化,2003,11(5):21～25
[12]蔡晓洁,陈清林等.延迟焦化装置能量系统优化改造[J].石油炼制与化工,2002,33(2):52～54
[13]王雪松,袁志祥,尹鲁江,王安杰.延迟焦化工艺的技术进展[J].工业催化.2006,14(4):22～25
[14]陈奎.延迟焦化装置技术改造方案的选择[J].石油化工设计.2006,23(2):27-30
[15] Anthony D B, Kruse C J, Ewy G L, et al. Advances in coking technology [A]. AIChE 1996 Spring National Meeting[C ]. New Orleans,1996.Paper60d.
[16]Ellis P J ,Paul C A. Tutorial: Delayed coking fundamentals[A ].AIChE 1998 Spring N ational Meeting[C].New Orleans, 1998.Paper 29a.
[17] RAM MALIK. Delayed Coker design and project execution [J].Petroleum Technology Quarterly (Autumn),2002,53～61
[18]晃可绳.延迟焦化装置的设计考虑(2)[J].炼油技术与工程.2003,33(11):25～29
[19]刘训峰.延迟焦化装置的技术改进[J].石油炼制与化工.2001,32(8):15～18
[20]李和杰,徐江华,甘丽琳,张立新.延迟焦化装置的大型化扩能改造设计[J].炼油技术与工程.2003,33(8):5～9
[21]瞿国华.延迟焦化在中国炼油工业中的地位和发展前景[J].(上海)含硫原油加工研讨会论文集.2003
[22]张立新.中国延迟焦化装置的技术进展.炼油技术于工程[J].2005,35(6):1～7
[23]李和杰,徐杰华等延迟焦化装置的大型化扩能改造设计[J].炼油技术与工程,2003,33(8):5～9
[24]长仓三郎(日)主编,陈耀亭译,化学[M],1979
[25]Marsh, 1l.,Preprints or ACS,Petroleum Derived Carbon[M],1976
[26]White, J. L,.Preprints of ACS,Petroleum Derived Carbon[M],1976
[27]刘辉,李林军,王国荣.水力除焦控制系统安全性和可靠性的改进[J].石油化工自动化.2006,5:98～103
[28]瞿滨.延迟焦化装置技术问答[M].中国石化,2007