小型透平发电机计算机仿真平台研究
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摘要
随着现代科技的快速发展,海洋采油平台的电气化和自动化程度有了很大提高,对于电力的依赖也不断加深,相应的对平台电站的可靠性和稳定性要求提高。电站设备的质量和平台技术人员的水平是影响供电质量的两大因素,论文所述的透平发电机控制系统仿真,对于这两个条件的改进和提高具有重要意义。
论文以Mars100透平发电机为模型,介绍了透平系统的结构,分析了透平工作原理和透平控制理论,并将控制理论和Mars100相结合,研究了透平控制系统的工作过程时序,建立了透平计算机仿真系统,并进行了仿真试验。主要内容有:
1.介绍了透平系统的三大部件——压缩机、燃烧室和透平,建立其热力循环图,分析了透平工作原理和透平系统的过渡工作状态。
2.分析了透平控制理论,结合比例积分算法建立包括激励器输出、控制模式、燃料需求、NGP、NPT和T5控制环等几个控制块的控制模型。将理论与实际相结合,建立了双燃料系统和润滑系统的工作过程时序,为随后的透平仿真奠定了基础。
3.基于OPC协议,运用VB高级语言和工控软件,建立了透平仿真系统。将RSLogix5和RSLogix emulate5工控软件通过RSLinx软件与组态软件WINCC进行通信和数据传输,通过PC ACCESS实现了S7-200PLC与组态软件WINCC的数据交换,同时,透平控制柜与S7-200PLC相连,在组态软件中,对燃料和润滑系统进行了设计,对T5温度、NGP转速、NPT转速所涉及的变量进行了归档和数据处理,建立了VB客户端,这样,就建立了透平仿真系统。根据Mars100透平发电机的运行情况,对透平的启动过程进行了仿真试验。
With fast development of modern science and technology, modern oil extraction platform is modernized, and the degree of electrification and automation rise, there is more dependence of the platform power station. In the meantime, the platform power station has to be security and stability. It is being influenced with two facts that are the capability of the power station and the level of the skilled worker. The simulation of gas turbine control system will have important influence to the facts.
This article takes Solar company product Mars100 gas turbine as prototype, introduce gas turbine composition, analyzes working principle and the control theory, integrates the turbine theory with Mars100, studies the working process of the control system, builds up the computer simulation system, realizes the simulation and tests by experiments. The main study contents are:
1. After the structure and operating principle has been analyzed for basic three components of the gas turbine- air compressor, combustion, turbine, a simple thermodynamic circulation set up by energy conservation law. Analyze working principle and transition state of turbine system.
2. Control models of excitation output, control mode, fuel request, and NGP, NPT, T5 control loops has been set up, combining with proportion and integral arithmetic. The working process of the dual fuel and lube system has been set up with the combination of theory and practice. It is the first step of realizing the simulation.
3. In the basis of OPC agreement, the simulation system has been set up with VB language and industry controlling software. The software of RSLogix5 and RSLogix emulate5 could communicate and exchange data with WINCC through RSLinx. The turbine control cabinet is linked with S7-200PLC. And S7-200PLC could communicate with WINCC through PC ACCESS. In the software of WINCC, the fuel and lube system are supervised, so do the T5, NGP, NPT. The VB custom has been set up. After all, the simulation system is set up. It is tested in the step of startup, and contrasted with the Mars100 running state.
论文以Mars100透平发电机为模型,介绍了透平系统的结构,分析了透平工作原理和透平控制理论,并将控制理论和Mars100相结合,研究了透平控制系统的工作过程时序,建立了透平计算机仿真系统,并进行了仿真试验。主要内容有:
1.介绍了透平系统的三大部件——压缩机、燃烧室和透平,建立其热力循环图,分析了透平工作原理和透平系统的过渡工作状态。
2.分析了透平控制理论,结合比例积分算法建立包括激励器输出、控制模式、燃料需求、NGP、NPT和T5控制环等几个控制块的控制模型。将理论与实际相结合,建立了双燃料系统和润滑系统的工作过程时序,为随后的透平仿真奠定了基础。
3.基于OPC协议,运用VB高级语言和工控软件,建立了透平仿真系统。将RSLogix5和RSLogix emulate5工控软件通过RSLinx软件与组态软件WINCC进行通信和数据传输,通过PC ACCESS实现了S7-200PLC与组态软件WINCC的数据交换,同时,透平控制柜与S7-200PLC相连,在组态软件中,对燃料和润滑系统进行了设计,对T5温度、NGP转速、NPT转速所涉及的变量进行了归档和数据处理,建立了VB客户端,这样,就建立了透平仿真系统。根据Mars100透平发电机的运行情况,对透平的启动过程进行了仿真试验。
With fast development of modern science and technology, modern oil extraction platform is modernized, and the degree of electrification and automation rise, there is more dependence of the platform power station. In the meantime, the platform power station has to be security and stability. It is being influenced with two facts that are the capability of the power station and the level of the skilled worker. The simulation of gas turbine control system will have important influence to the facts.
This article takes Solar company product Mars100 gas turbine as prototype, introduce gas turbine composition, analyzes working principle and the control theory, integrates the turbine theory with Mars100, studies the working process of the control system, builds up the computer simulation system, realizes the simulation and tests by experiments. The main study contents are:
1. After the structure and operating principle has been analyzed for basic three components of the gas turbine- air compressor, combustion, turbine, a simple thermodynamic circulation set up by energy conservation law. Analyze working principle and transition state of turbine system.
2. Control models of excitation output, control mode, fuel request, and NGP, NPT, T5 control loops has been set up, combining with proportion and integral arithmetic. The working process of the dual fuel and lube system has been set up with the combination of theory and practice. It is the first step of realizing the simulation.
3. In the basis of OPC agreement, the simulation system has been set up with VB language and industry controlling software. The software of RSLogix5 and RSLogix emulate5 could communicate and exchange data with WINCC through RSLinx. The turbine control cabinet is linked with S7-200PLC. And S7-200PLC could communicate with WINCC through PC ACCESS. In the software of WINCC, the fuel and lube system are supervised, so do the T5, NGP, NPT. The VB custom has been set up. After all, the simulation system is set up. It is tested in the step of startup, and contrasted with the Mars100 running state.
引文
[1]李孝堂,侯凌云,杨敏等,现代燃气轮机技术,北京:航空工业出版社,2006,2~4
[2]刘万琨,赵萍,李银凤等,燃气轮机与燃气—蒸汽联合循环,北京:化学工业出版社,2006,37~92
[3]陈福祥,发电用燃气轮机世界市场综述,燃气轮机技术,1992,5(3):19~21
[4]娄马宝,我国燃气轮机工业的现状与展望,燃气轮机技术,2001,15(2):2~7
[5] Eaton Harry A C, Harry A, Eaton C, etc, Learning Coefficient Dependence on T raining Set Size. Neural Networks,1992,5: 283~288
[6]郭正榘编著,燃气轮机自动控制系统设计,北京:机械工业出版社,1981
[7] WATTS J W, DWAN T E, BROCKUS C G etc. Optimal State-space Control of a Gas Turbine Engine [J]. Transactions of the ASME, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbine and Power, 1992,114(4):763~767
[8]张仲升、朱德孚编译,液压伺服机构,北京:国防工业出版社,1977
[9]侯宝霞,PGT燃气透平的运行和保养要点,化工设备与防腐蚀,1999,12(4):20~22
[10] W I Rowen, Simplified mathematical representation of single shaft gas turbine in mechanical drive service, Turbomachinery International, 1992, 7/8:26~32
[11]牛利民,李淑英,船舶燃气轮机结构,哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2007,11~15
[12]万欣,燃气叶轮机械,北京:机械工业出版社,1985,13~19
[13]黄钟岳,王晓放,透平式压缩机,北京:化学工业出版社,2004,10~21
[14]王仲奇,秦仁,透平机械原理,北京:机械工业出版社,1981,20~33
[15] Traupd.W,热力透平机(张洪瀛),北京:水利水电出版社,1985,32~46
[16]翁史烈,燃气轮机性能分析,上海:上海交通大学出版社,1987.38~55
[17]金如山,航空燃气轮机燃烧室,北京:宇航出版社,1988,23~39
[18]张建新,小型透平燃料伺服系统仿真技术研究[硕士学位论文],天津:天津大学,2007
[19]甘晓华,航空燃气轮机燃油喷嘴技术,北京:国防工业出版社,2006,66~69
[20]赵士杭,燃气轮机循环与变工况性能,北京:清华大学出版社,1993,21~26
[21]佐藤豪,燃气轮机循环理论(王仁),北京:机械工业出版社,1983,18~86
[22]翁史烈,燃气轮机,北京:机械工业出版社,1988,6~11
[23] W.l.Rowen , Design Considerations for Gas Turbine Fuel Systems ,Turbomachinery Iniemational,SeP/Oct1999
[24] IELEN P, Minimum time acceleration of aircraft turbofan engines by using algorithm based on nonlinear programming[R], NASA-73741
[25] Salomon Ralf, Improved Convergence Rate of Back-propagation With Dynamic Adaption of the Learning Rate, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, PPSN 1. Dortmund: 1990, 269~273
[26]倪维斗等,动力系统建模与控制的若干问题,北京:科学出版社,1996
[27]朱行健,王雪瑜,燃气轮机工作原理及性能,北京:科学出版社,1992,185~193
[28]章宏甲,黄谊,王积伟,液压与气压传动,北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[29]杨叔子,杨克冲,吴波等,机械工程控制基础,武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2001
[30]史岩,透平系统运行过程数字仿真技术研究[硕士学位论文],天津:天津大学,2007
[31] Maslo K,Andel Jan, Gas turbine model using in design of heat and power stations. In:PPT 2001 IEEE Porto Power Tech Conference 10th~13th , Porto, 2001,100~103
[32] Q.F.Qi, P.J.Gawthrop and N.R.L.Maccallum. Meeting the performance requirements of a single-spool gas turbine engine using a gain scheduled controller, IEEE 0-7803-1572-1/92
[33] N.R.L.Maccallum and P Pilidis. Gas turbine transient fuel scheduling with compensation for thermal effected, In: Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit. Dusseldorf, West Germany. June8 -12, Paper No.86-Gt-208,1986
[34]刘尚明、寇可新、叶柏生,燃气/蒸汽轮机联合发电机组模拟培训器研制,燃气轮机技术,1996,9(4): 12~15
[35] Booch G, Rumbaugh J, Jacobson I, The Unified Modeling Language User Guide, Addision-wesley, 1999
[36]温昱,软件架构,北京:电子工业出版社,2007
[37] W I Rowen, Simplified mathematical representation of heavy duty gas turbine, Journal of Engineering for Power, 1983(105):865~869
[38] David A.Geller,可编程序控制器原理与设计(于玲),北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[39]苏昆哲,深入浅出西门子Wincc V6,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[40] Jeffrey P.McManus,用Visual Basic访问数据库(罗四维,韩臻),北京:电子工业出版,1999
[41]孙春娇,透平燃油计量阀静动态特性的研究与仿真[硕士学位论文],天津:天津大学,2007
[2]刘万琨,赵萍,李银凤等,燃气轮机与燃气—蒸汽联合循环,北京:化学工业出版社,2006,37~92
[3]陈福祥,发电用燃气轮机世界市场综述,燃气轮机技术,1992,5(3):19~21
[4]娄马宝,我国燃气轮机工业的现状与展望,燃气轮机技术,2001,15(2):2~7
[5] Eaton Harry A C, Harry A, Eaton C, etc, Learning Coefficient Dependence on T raining Set Size. Neural Networks,1992,5: 283~288
[6]郭正榘编著,燃气轮机自动控制系统设计,北京:机械工业出版社,1981
[7] WATTS J W, DWAN T E, BROCKUS C G etc. Optimal State-space Control of a Gas Turbine Engine [J]. Transactions of the ASME, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbine and Power, 1992,114(4):763~767
[8]张仲升、朱德孚编译,液压伺服机构,北京:国防工业出版社,1977
[9]侯宝霞,PGT燃气透平的运行和保养要点,化工设备与防腐蚀,1999,12(4):20~22
[10] W I Rowen, Simplified mathematical representation of single shaft gas turbine in mechanical drive service, Turbomachinery International, 1992, 7/8:26~32
[11]牛利民,李淑英,船舶燃气轮机结构,哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2007,11~15
[12]万欣,燃气叶轮机械,北京:机械工业出版社,1985,13~19
[13]黄钟岳,王晓放,透平式压缩机,北京:化学工业出版社,2004,10~21
[14]王仲奇,秦仁,透平机械原理,北京:机械工业出版社,1981,20~33
[15] Traupd.W,热力透平机(张洪瀛),北京:水利水电出版社,1985,32~46
[16]翁史烈,燃气轮机性能分析,上海:上海交通大学出版社,1987.38~55
[17]金如山,航空燃气轮机燃烧室,北京:宇航出版社,1988,23~39
[18]张建新,小型透平燃料伺服系统仿真技术研究[硕士学位论文],天津:天津大学,2007
[19]甘晓华,航空燃气轮机燃油喷嘴技术,北京:国防工业出版社,2006,66~69
[20]赵士杭,燃气轮机循环与变工况性能,北京:清华大学出版社,1993,21~26
[21]佐藤豪,燃气轮机循环理论(王仁),北京:机械工业出版社,1983,18~86
[22]翁史烈,燃气轮机,北京:机械工业出版社,1988,6~11
[23] W.l.Rowen , Design Considerations for Gas Turbine Fuel Systems ,Turbomachinery Iniemational,SeP/Oct1999
[24] IELEN P, Minimum time acceleration of aircraft turbofan engines by using algorithm based on nonlinear programming[R], NASA-73741
[25] Salomon Ralf, Improved Convergence Rate of Back-propagation With Dynamic Adaption of the Learning Rate, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, PPSN 1. Dortmund: 1990, 269~273
[26]倪维斗等,动力系统建模与控制的若干问题,北京:科学出版社,1996
[27]朱行健,王雪瑜,燃气轮机工作原理及性能,北京:科学出版社,1992,185~193
[28]章宏甲,黄谊,王积伟,液压与气压传动,北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[29]杨叔子,杨克冲,吴波等,机械工程控制基础,武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2001
[30]史岩,透平系统运行过程数字仿真技术研究[硕士学位论文],天津:天津大学,2007
[31] Maslo K,Andel Jan, Gas turbine model using in design of heat and power stations. In:PPT 2001 IEEE Porto Power Tech Conference 10th~13th , Porto, 2001,100~103
[32] Q.F.Qi, P.J.Gawthrop and N.R.L.Maccallum. Meeting the performance requirements of a single-spool gas turbine engine using a gain scheduled controller, IEEE 0-7803-1572-1/92
[33] N.R.L.Maccallum and P Pilidis. Gas turbine transient fuel scheduling with compensation for thermal effected, In: Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit. Dusseldorf, West Germany. June8 -12, Paper No.86-Gt-208,1986
[34]刘尚明、寇可新、叶柏生,燃气/蒸汽轮机联合发电机组模拟培训器研制,燃气轮机技术,1996,9(4): 12~15
[35] Booch G, Rumbaugh J, Jacobson I, The Unified Modeling Language User Guide, Addision-wesley, 1999
[36]温昱,软件架构,北京:电子工业出版社,2007
[37] W I Rowen, Simplified mathematical representation of heavy duty gas turbine, Journal of Engineering for Power, 1983(105):865~869
[38] David A.Geller,可编程序控制器原理与设计(于玲),北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[39]苏昆哲,深入浅出西门子Wincc V6,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[40] Jeffrey P.McManus,用Visual Basic访问数据库(罗四维,韩臻),北京:电子工业出版,1999
[41]孙春娇,透平燃油计量阀静动态特性的研究与仿真[硕士学位论文],天津:天津大学,2007