微型转杯式燃烧器燃烧室流动和传热特性的数值模拟及实验研究
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摘要
微型燃烧器的燃烧过程是一个复杂的物理化学现象,目前对此的了解只是来源于实验性的结论。因此,有必要对燃烧过程的可视化和数值解进行深入的研究和对设计原型机的性能进行有效的预测。
随着燃烧理论的不断发展和计算机运算性能的不断提高,对微型燃烧器内部的流场分布、热交换和燃烧过程的数值模拟成为一种可能。
本文就是基于Fluent软件对一款微型燃烧器内部的流场和换热过程进行了计算机数值模拟和实验研究。选用FLUENT中的RNG k-e湍流模型和耦合式换热模型为该微型燃烧器的数学模型,通过和实验结果相比对,对数学模型进行了多次拟合调整。
分析最终数值模拟结果,对燃烧器的性能分析和结构改善提出了定性的参考建议。
为了进一步改善燃烧器的流场分布、燃烧特性和提高换热性能,对影响燃烧器性能的12个因素在3水平下对燃烧器功率影响的显著性进行了正交试验模拟,最终找出了3个影响明显的结构参数,通过试验验证,证明数值模拟能够准确地反映实验规律。
Combustion in a micro-combustor is a complex physical and chemical phenomena.Many current comprehensive to this is based upon experimental results, so that there are needs to understand combustion behaviors visibly and numerically, and even to predict the performances for a design prototype.
The understandings to combustion and the improvement of computer performance make it possible to simulate fluid flow,heat transfer and combustion in a micro-combustor.The purpose of this thesis is to investigate internal flow and heat transfer in a micro-combustor based on commercial software FLUENT.A numerical model is established by using the RNG k-e turbulence model and the coupled heat transfer exchanging model of FLUENT.The fluid flow and heat transfer both in combustion chamber and in water cooling chamber of the combustor are simulated. By comparing with the result of experiment,the mathematical model is repeatedly fitted and adjusted.
The result of numerical simulation has been analyzed and some qualitative proposals are presented to study the performance and to improve the structure of the combustion.
In order to improve the distribution of the flow field,the performance of heat transfer and combustion further,an orthogonal test with 12 factors under 3 levels are simulated in FLUENT to find out the factors that are significant to the power of the combustion.
And ultimately it is found that 3 structure parameters are significant.Through experiment,it is verified that the numerical simulation can accurately reflect the experiments' rules.
随着燃烧理论的不断发展和计算机运算性能的不断提高,对微型燃烧器内部的流场分布、热交换和燃烧过程的数值模拟成为一种可能。
本文就是基于Fluent软件对一款微型燃烧器内部的流场和换热过程进行了计算机数值模拟和实验研究。选用FLUENT中的RNG k-e湍流模型和耦合式换热模型为该微型燃烧器的数学模型,通过和实验结果相比对,对数学模型进行了多次拟合调整。
分析最终数值模拟结果,对燃烧器的性能分析和结构改善提出了定性的参考建议。
为了进一步改善燃烧器的流场分布、燃烧特性和提高换热性能,对影响燃烧器性能的12个因素在3水平下对燃烧器功率影响的显著性进行了正交试验模拟,最终找出了3个影响明显的结构参数,通过试验验证,证明数值模拟能够准确地反映实验规律。
Combustion in a micro-combustor is a complex physical and chemical phenomena.Many current comprehensive to this is based upon experimental results, so that there are needs to understand combustion behaviors visibly and numerically, and even to predict the performances for a design prototype.
The understandings to combustion and the improvement of computer performance make it possible to simulate fluid flow,heat transfer and combustion in a micro-combustor.The purpose of this thesis is to investigate internal flow and heat transfer in a micro-combustor based on commercial software FLUENT.A numerical model is established by using the RNG k-e turbulence model and the coupled heat transfer exchanging model of FLUENT.The fluid flow and heat transfer both in combustion chamber and in water cooling chamber of the combustor are simulated. By comparing with the result of experiment,the mathematical model is repeatedly fitted and adjusted.
The result of numerical simulation has been analyzed and some qualitative proposals are presented to study the performance and to improve the structure of the combustion.
In order to improve the distribution of the flow field,the performance of heat transfer and combustion further,an orthogonal test with 12 factors under 3 levels are simulated in FLUENT to find out the factors that are significant to the power of the combustion.
And ultimately it is found that 3 structure parameters are significant.Through experiment,it is verified that the numerical simulation can accurately reflect the experiments' rules.
引文
[1]David G.Sloan,Modeling of swirl in turbulent systems,Ph.D.Dissertation.Chemical Engineering Department.Brigham Young University,1985.
[2]P.Koutmos and J.J,Mcguirk.Isothermal modeling of gas turbine combustor:Computational Study,Journal of Propulsion,1991,7(6):1064-1071.
[3]David G.Sloan,Philip J.Smith and L.Douglas Smooth.Modeling of swirl in turbulent flow systems,Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,1986,12:163-250.
[4]J.J.Mcgnirk,J.M.L.M.Pahna.The flow inside a model gas turbine combustor:Calculations,Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and power,1993,115(6):594-602.
[5]D.Elkaim.Control volume finite element solution of cofined turbulent swirling flows,International Journal For Numerical Methods In Fluids,1994,19:135-152.
[6]H.L.Relation,J.L.Battaglioli,W.F.Ng.Numerical simulations of nonreacting flows for industrial gas turbine combustor geometries,Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,1998,120(7):460-467.
[7]Y.S.Chen,and S.W.Kim.Computation of turbulent flows using an extended k -ε turbulence closure model,NASA CR-179204,
[8]W.P.Jones,A.Pascau.Calculation of cofined swirling flows with a second moment closure,Journal of Fluids Engineering,1989,111(9):248-255.
[9]S.Hogg,M.A.Leschziner.Computation of highly swirling confined flow with a Reynolds stress turbulence model,AIAA Journal,1989,27(1):57-63.
[10]J.M.Tsao,C.A.Lin.Reynolds stress modeling of jet and swirl interaction inside a gas turbine combnstor,International Journal For Numerical Methods In Fluids,1999,29:451-464.
[11]James J.Mcguirk,Jose M.L.M.Palma.The influence of numerical parameters in the calculation of gas turbine combustor flows,Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering,1992,96:65-92.
[12]张会强,陈兴隆,周力行等.湍流燃烧数值模拟研究的综述,力学进展,1999,29(4):567-575.
[13]Denis Veynante,Luc Vervisch.Turbulent combustion modeling,Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2002,28:193-266.
[14]M.Nickjooy,R.M.C.So,R.E.Peck.Modeling of jet- and swirl-stabilized reacting flows in axisymmetric combustors,Combustion Science and Technology,1988,58:135-153.
[15]K.Y.Sokolov,A.G.Tumanovsky,M.N.Gutnik et al.Mathematical modeling of an annular gas turbine combustor,Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,1995,117(1):94-99.
[16]M.S.Anand,F.Takahashi,M.D.Vangsness et al.An experimental and computational study of swirling hydrogen jet diffusion flames,Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,1997,119(4):305-314.
[17]张健,雷勇,尚庆等.入流条件对同轴射流旋流燃烧室内湍流流动模拟的影响,燃烧科学与技术,2002,8(2):166-170.
[18]杨晓东,马晖扬.变密度强旋流喷射湍流的数值计算,中国工程热物理学会学术会议论文集,气动热力学,编号:032055,2003.
[19]刘顺隆,孟岚,刘子恒.船用燃气轮机燃烧室三维冷态湍流数值模拟,哈尔滨工程大学学报,2002,23(2):17-21.
[20]胡宗军,王颖,王铭岚等.注蒸汽燃气轮机燃烧室内部流场特性的三维数值模拟,上海交通大学学报,2000,34(9):1153-1157.
[21]张文普、丰镇平.燃气轮机环形燃烧室内燃烧流动的数值模拟,动力工程,2004,24(1):37-40.
[22]王福军编著.计算流体动力学分析,清华大学出版社,2004 1-2.
[23][C.A.J.Fletcher.Computational Technology for fluid Dynamic,Vol.I and Ⅱ.Springer Verkag,Berlin,1990
[24]M.B.Abbort,D.R.Basco.Computational Fluid Dynamic ¤CAn Introduction for Engineers.Longman Scientific & Technical,Harlow,England,1989
[25]J.D.Anderson.Computational Fluid Dynamic:The Basics with Application.McGraw-Hill.1995,清华大学,2002
[26]石勋刚.湍流[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1994;
[27]苏铭德、黄素逸.计算流体力学基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1997
[28]傅德薰.流体力学数值模拟[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1993
[29]刘霞,葛新锋FLUENT软件及其在我国的应用 能源研究与应用 2003(2):36-38
[30]Fluent Inc.,FLUENT User's Guide.Fluent Inc.,2003
[31]陈思维 杜扬 新型燃油惰气发生器燃烧室的设计及流场分析 安全与环境工程2007(3):83-86
[32]D,Hjertager B H,et al.,Solution adaptive CFD simulation of premixed flame propagation over various solid obstructions[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2002,15:189-197
[33]张顺利 郑洪涛 穆勇 EDC模型在三维燃烧流场数值模拟的应用 应用科技2005(4):48-50
[34]《正交试验法》编写组 正交试验法 国防工业出版社 1976 12
[35]陶文铨 计算传热学的近代进展 科学出版社 2000
[36]翟建华 计算流体力学(CFD)的通用软件 河北科技大学学报 2005(26):160-165
[37]韩艳霞 金辉 计算流体力学通用软件-STAR-CD简介 甘肃科技 2005(21) 35-36
[38]李勇,刘志友,安亦然.介绍计算流体力学通用软件--Fluent.水动力学研究与进展,2001,16(2):254-258
[39]范贤振,郭烈锦,等.200MW四角切向燃烧煤粉炉炉内过程的数值模拟.西安交通大学学报,2002,36(3):241-245
[40]刘霞 葛新锋 FLUENT软件及其在我国的应用 能源研究与利用 2003(2):36-38
[41]金颖,周伟国,阮应君.烟气扩散的CFD数值模拟.安全与环境学报,2002,2(1):21-23
[2]P.Koutmos and J.J,Mcguirk.Isothermal modeling of gas turbine combustor:Computational Study,Journal of Propulsion,1991,7(6):1064-1071.
[3]David G.Sloan,Philip J.Smith and L.Douglas Smooth.Modeling of swirl in turbulent flow systems,Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,1986,12:163-250.
[4]J.J.Mcgnirk,J.M.L.M.Pahna.The flow inside a model gas turbine combustor:Calculations,Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and power,1993,115(6):594-602.
[5]D.Elkaim.Control volume finite element solution of cofined turbulent swirling flows,International Journal For Numerical Methods In Fluids,1994,19:135-152.
[6]H.L.Relation,J.L.Battaglioli,W.F.Ng.Numerical simulations of nonreacting flows for industrial gas turbine combustor geometries,Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,1998,120(7):460-467.
[7]Y.S.Chen,and S.W.Kim.Computation of turbulent flows using an extended k -ε turbulence closure model,NASA CR-179204,
[8]W.P.Jones,A.Pascau.Calculation of cofined swirling flows with a second moment closure,Journal of Fluids Engineering,1989,111(9):248-255.
[9]S.Hogg,M.A.Leschziner.Computation of highly swirling confined flow with a Reynolds stress turbulence model,AIAA Journal,1989,27(1):57-63.
[10]J.M.Tsao,C.A.Lin.Reynolds stress modeling of jet and swirl interaction inside a gas turbine combnstor,International Journal For Numerical Methods In Fluids,1999,29:451-464.
[11]James J.Mcguirk,Jose M.L.M.Palma.The influence of numerical parameters in the calculation of gas turbine combustor flows,Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering,1992,96:65-92.
[12]张会强,陈兴隆,周力行等.湍流燃烧数值模拟研究的综述,力学进展,1999,29(4):567-575.
[13]Denis Veynante,Luc Vervisch.Turbulent combustion modeling,Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2002,28:193-266.
[14]M.Nickjooy,R.M.C.So,R.E.Peck.Modeling of jet- and swirl-stabilized reacting flows in axisymmetric combustors,Combustion Science and Technology,1988,58:135-153.
[15]K.Y.Sokolov,A.G.Tumanovsky,M.N.Gutnik et al.Mathematical modeling of an annular gas turbine combustor,Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,1995,117(1):94-99.
[16]M.S.Anand,F.Takahashi,M.D.Vangsness et al.An experimental and computational study of swirling hydrogen jet diffusion flames,Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,1997,119(4):305-314.
[17]张健,雷勇,尚庆等.入流条件对同轴射流旋流燃烧室内湍流流动模拟的影响,燃烧科学与技术,2002,8(2):166-170.
[18]杨晓东,马晖扬.变密度强旋流喷射湍流的数值计算,中国工程热物理学会学术会议论文集,气动热力学,编号:032055,2003.
[19]刘顺隆,孟岚,刘子恒.船用燃气轮机燃烧室三维冷态湍流数值模拟,哈尔滨工程大学学报,2002,23(2):17-21.
[20]胡宗军,王颖,王铭岚等.注蒸汽燃气轮机燃烧室内部流场特性的三维数值模拟,上海交通大学学报,2000,34(9):1153-1157.
[21]张文普、丰镇平.燃气轮机环形燃烧室内燃烧流动的数值模拟,动力工程,2004,24(1):37-40.
[22]王福军编著.计算流体动力学分析,清华大学出版社,2004 1-2.
[23][C.A.J.Fletcher.Computational Technology for fluid Dynamic,Vol.I and Ⅱ.Springer Verkag,Berlin,1990
[24]M.B.Abbort,D.R.Basco.Computational Fluid Dynamic ¤CAn Introduction for Engineers.Longman Scientific & Technical,Harlow,England,1989
[25]J.D.Anderson.Computational Fluid Dynamic:The Basics with Application.McGraw-Hill.1995,清华大学,2002
[26]石勋刚.湍流[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1994;
[27]苏铭德、黄素逸.计算流体力学基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1997
[28]傅德薰.流体力学数值模拟[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1993
[29]刘霞,葛新锋FLUENT软件及其在我国的应用 能源研究与应用 2003(2):36-38
[30]Fluent Inc.,FLUENT User's Guide.Fluent Inc.,2003
[31]陈思维 杜扬 新型燃油惰气发生器燃烧室的设计及流场分析 安全与环境工程2007(3):83-86
[32]D,Hjertager B H,et al.,Solution adaptive CFD simulation of premixed flame propagation over various solid obstructions[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2002,15:189-197
[33]张顺利 郑洪涛 穆勇 EDC模型在三维燃烧流场数值模拟的应用 应用科技2005(4):48-50
[34]《正交试验法》编写组 正交试验法 国防工业出版社 1976 12
[35]陶文铨 计算传热学的近代进展 科学出版社 2000
[36]翟建华 计算流体力学(CFD)的通用软件 河北科技大学学报 2005(26):160-165
[37]韩艳霞 金辉 计算流体力学通用软件-STAR-CD简介 甘肃科技 2005(21) 35-36
[38]李勇,刘志友,安亦然.介绍计算流体力学通用软件--Fluent.水动力学研究与进展,2001,16(2):254-258
[39]范贤振,郭烈锦,等.200MW四角切向燃烧煤粉炉炉内过程的数值模拟.西安交通大学学报,2002,36(3):241-245
[40]刘霞 葛新锋 FLUENT软件及其在我国的应用 能源研究与利用 2003(2):36-38
[41]金颖,周伟国,阮应君.烟气扩散的CFD数值模拟.安全与环境学报,2002,2(1):21-23