电磁驱动气门的有限元分析
摘要
随着能源形势的急剧变化和环境污染问题的日益严重,国际社会对汽车发动机的燃油经济性要求和有害排放物的限制标准日益严格。可变配气技术,特别是应用电磁驱动气门的可变配气技术,可以显著提高发动机的节能环保性能,已经成为发动机研究的重点方向之一。
本课题针对内燃-直线发电集成动力系统中自由活塞发动机的电磁驱动气门,运用有限元仿真方法,对其特性展开分析研究,主要完成了下述工作:
对气门进行了有限元建模与静力学仿真,探索分析了气门所能承受的最大载荷,并得到了气门的应力分布,为气门的设计选用提供了参考依据;
建立了完整的气门-气门座模型,通过动力学仿真分析了气门在不同落座速度下的所承受的冲击力,获得的冲击力数据对于电磁驱动气门开发具有重要价值:
设计了一种电磁驱动气门落座冲击缓冲结构,并通过动力学仿真和结果数据的处理分析,证明了缓冲结构吸收冲击能量、降低冲击力的有效性;
分析了电磁驱动气门执行器中各构件能够正常工作的温度区域,完成了对电磁驱动气门执行器的温度场分析,研究了不同工况下执行器中的温度分布情况;
针对电磁驱动气门执行器进行了温度测试台架试验,并设计了电磁驱动气门落座冲击力测试试验方案。
With the grimness of the resource and the increasing strictness of the pollution problems, the demanding of the engine fuel economy and the emissions criterion is increasing. Variable valve technology, especially that with the electromagnetic valve actuator(EMVA), can improve the engine performances extraordinarily, and have become one of the emphasis of the engine research.
Depending on the finite element analysis(FEA), this paper discussed the characteristics of EMVA , which is a key component of the free-piston engine in the Internal Combustion Linear Generator Integrated Power System (ICLG). This paper mainly has the following research work done.
The finite element model of EMVA was established and its static analysis was carried out. According to the analysis, the maximum force that the valve can endure was researched, and the distribution of the valve stress was acquired. The results of this analysis can offer a reference to the valve designing or choosing.
The whole model of valve-valve seating was established, the crash force occurred when EMVA hit the seat at kinds of speed was researched by the dynamic simulation way, and the crash force date that was very valuable to the development of EMVA was acquired.
One kind of crash buffer structure was designed for EMVA, its performance including absorbing the crash energy and decreasing the crash force was proved by the dynamic simulation and the analysis of the simulation result data way.
The thermal analysis about the actuator of EMVA was done; the temperature field on the actuator was researched at different conditions.
In order to verify the reliability of the finite element analysis and simulation, the bench test was made to test the temperature of the actuator, and the bench test scheme was made to test the crash force in EMVA working process.
本课题针对内燃-直线发电集成动力系统中自由活塞发动机的电磁驱动气门,运用有限元仿真方法,对其特性展开分析研究,主要完成了下述工作:
对气门进行了有限元建模与静力学仿真,探索分析了气门所能承受的最大载荷,并得到了气门的应力分布,为气门的设计选用提供了参考依据;
建立了完整的气门-气门座模型,通过动力学仿真分析了气门在不同落座速度下的所承受的冲击力,获得的冲击力数据对于电磁驱动气门开发具有重要价值:
设计了一种电磁驱动气门落座冲击缓冲结构,并通过动力学仿真和结果数据的处理分析,证明了缓冲结构吸收冲击能量、降低冲击力的有效性;
分析了电磁驱动气门执行器中各构件能够正常工作的温度区域,完成了对电磁驱动气门执行器的温度场分析,研究了不同工况下执行器中的温度分布情况;
针对电磁驱动气门执行器进行了温度测试台架试验,并设计了电磁驱动气门落座冲击力测试试验方案。
With the grimness of the resource and the increasing strictness of the pollution problems, the demanding of the engine fuel economy and the emissions criterion is increasing. Variable valve technology, especially that with the electromagnetic valve actuator(EMVA), can improve the engine performances extraordinarily, and have become one of the emphasis of the engine research.
Depending on the finite element analysis(FEA), this paper discussed the characteristics of EMVA , which is a key component of the free-piston engine in the Internal Combustion Linear Generator Integrated Power System (ICLG). This paper mainly has the following research work done.
The finite element model of EMVA was established and its static analysis was carried out. According to the analysis, the maximum force that the valve can endure was researched, and the distribution of the valve stress was acquired. The results of this analysis can offer a reference to the valve designing or choosing.
The whole model of valve-valve seating was established, the crash force occurred when EMVA hit the seat at kinds of speed was researched by the dynamic simulation way, and the crash force date that was very valuable to the development of EMVA was acquired.
One kind of crash buffer structure was designed for EMVA, its performance including absorbing the crash energy and decreasing the crash force was proved by the dynamic simulation and the analysis of the simulation result data way.
The thermal analysis about the actuator of EMVA was done; the temperature field on the actuator was researched at different conditions.
In order to verify the reliability of the finite element analysis and simulation, the bench test was made to test the temperature of the actuator, and the bench test scheme was made to test the crash force in EMVA working process.
引文
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[6]Butzmann S,Melbert J.Sensorless Control of Electromagnetic Actuators for Variable Valve Train[C].SAE paper 2000-01-1225,2000.
[7]Mark A Theobaid.Control of Engine Load Via Electromagnetic Valve[C].SAE paper 940816,1994
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[13]Pischinger M,Salber W,Frank V S,et al.Benefits of the Electromechanical Valve Train in Vehicle Operation[C].SAE paper 2000-01-1223,2000.
[14]Giglio V,Iorio B,Police G.Analysis of advantages and of problems of electromechanical valve actuators[R].SAE paper,2002-01-1105.
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[16]商跃进.有限元原理与ANSYS应用指南.第一版[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[17]曾攀.有限元分析及应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:361-452.
[18]刘鸿文.材料力学第3版[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1992.
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[21]龚曙光.ANSYS工程应用实例解析[M].北京:机械工业出版社2003:32-183.
[22]ChristophHartwig.Transients of Electromagnetic Valve Train(EMV) Actuators[C].SAE Paper,No.2004-01-1388,2004.
[23]龚曙光,榭桂兰.ANSYS操作命令与参数化编程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
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[25]李克安,李立斌.发动机气门的动力学计算[J].机械强度,2006(5):739-741.
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[27]Salber W,Kemper H,Staay F and Esch T.The Electro-mechanical Valve Train-A System Module for Future Powertrain Concepts[J].MTZ,61(2000)12:826-826.
[28]陈似竹,赵雨东.发动机电磁气门驱动动态仿真与分析[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2004(2):252-254.
[29]David Cope.Electromagnetic Fully Flexible Vavle Actuator[C].SAE Paper,No.2006-01-0044,2006.
[30]傅红良,林运.气门弹簧特性对配气机构的影响[J].柴油机设计与制造,2007(3):26-27.
[31]王琳.发动机气门强化模拟磨损临界应力分析及有限元计算[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2000.
[32]A.Rivola,M.Troncossi.Elastodynamic analysis of the desmodromic valve train of a racing motorbike engine by means of a combined lumped/finite element model [J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2007(21):735-760.
[33]朱元.燃料电池客车整车控制系统的研究[J].汽车工程,2005(2):137-140.
[34]M.M.Rahman,A.K.Ariffin.Finite Element Based Durability Assessment of a Free Piston Linear Engine Component[J].SDHM,2007(13):1-13.
[35]张松,蔡达威.柴油机排气门可靠性分析[J].内燃机配件,2006(5):16-19.
[36]胡玲风.工况对发动机排气门失效的影响[J].农机化研究,2005(5):24-26.
[37]赵海鸥.LS-DYNA动力分析指南[M].北京:兵器工业出版社,2003.
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