大豆异黄酮及F89类似物对蛋鸡采食和产蛋性能的影响及其内分泌机制的研究
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摘要
本文以蛋鸡为研究对象，在基础日粮中长期添加大豆黄酮、HK02、F89、F89Ⅱ等生理调节剂，观察这几种生理调节剂对蛋鸡摄食及生产性能的影响，并测定有关内分泌激素水平的变化，以探讨其对蛋鸡的作用机理。同时对日粮中添加大豆黄酮后对老龄蛋鸡的抗氧化作用作一初步的研究。
实验系列1 日粮中长期持续添加大豆黄酮及F89对产蛋高峰期蛋鸡采食和产蛋性能及有关内分泌的影响
随机抽取60羽180日龄伊沙蛋鸡，平均分为三组，对照组饲喂基础日粮，大豆黄酮(Da)组饲喂基础日粮+Da(6mg／kg)，F89组添喂基础日粮+F89(2mg／kg)，每组20羽。整个实验持续150天。结果显示：日粮中长期持续添加大豆黄酮(6mg／kg)后，与对照组相比，蛋鸡摄食量增加2.58％(P＜0.01)，产蛋率增加13.95％(P＜0.01)，只日蛋重增加8.94％(P＜0.05)，每枚蛋重减少2.70％(P＜0.01)，料蛋比减少14.95％(P＜0.01)，破壳蛋率减少25.00％。血清雌二醇水平升高22.37％(P＜0.05)，血清T3水平升高45.12％(P＜0.01)，血清T4水升高26.78％(P＜0.05)，血清瘦素水平降低17.39％。
日粮中长期添加F89(2mg／kg)后，与对照组相比，蛋鸡摄食量增加4.05％(P＜0.01)，产蛋率增加2.61％(P＜0.05)，只日蛋重增加7.80％(P＜0.05)，每枚蛋重减少0.84％，料蛋比减少3.91％，破壳蛋率减少31.76％。血清胰岛素水平升高39.17％(P＜0.05)。瘦素水平升高2.90％。
实验系列2 日粮中添加HK02及F89Ⅱ对产蛋后期蛋鸡采食和产蛋性能及有关内分泌的影响
选用60羽340日龄伊沙蛋鸡，平均分为三组，对照组饲喂基础日粮，HK02组饲喂基础日粮+HK02(6mg／kg)，F89Ⅱ组添喂基础日粮+F89Ⅱ(2mg／kg)，每组20羽。
一
结果显示：日粮中添加 HK02后，与对照组相比，HK02的mg／kg）组蛋鸡摄食量增加
心A0％，产蛋率增加9．92％（P＜o刀5），只日蛋重增加二＊3％，每枚蛋重减少2．M％，料蛋
比减少ic．96％庆功力习，破壳蛋率减少10．53％。血清雌二醇水平升高38．35％
O＜＊01），血清＊3水平升高22．78％（P＜0．01）／血清＊4水平升高7．73％，血清瘦素
水平降低3．85％，
日粮中添加 F89llQ）后，与对照组相比，蛋鸡摄食量增加 15．92％①＜0乃1＼
产蛋率增加 7．880厌＜0．05），只日蛋重减少5．3700＜0．05），每枚蛋重减少0．030，料
蛋比减少3刀8％，破壳蛋率减少13．16％。血清胰岛素水平升高17．21％o＜0刀5），血
清瘦素水平升高 13．46％。
实验系列 3 环境高温条件下日粮中添加大豆黄酮及 F89 fi对产蛋后期蛋鸡
采食和产蛋性能及有关内分泌的影响
试禽采用60羽370日龄伊沙蛋鸡，平均分为三组，对照组饲喂基础日粮，大豆
黄酮组饲喂基础日粮十Da历mg／kg人 F89ll组饲喂基础日粮十F89llu 八gL每组
20羽。整个试验持续 30天，鸡舍平均温度为 34．35oC，平均相对湿度为 78．20以实
验结果显示：环境高温条件下日粮中添加大豆黄酮的m叭g）后与对照组相比，大豆黄
酮组蛋鸡摄食量增加 3．00Oo＜0．05），产蛋率减少 2．340，只日蛋重增加 11．040
o功力5），每枚蛋重减少3．86％①功力1厂料蛋比减少IO．18％四功力5厂破壳蛋率减少
47．68o，（P＜0．05），血清T3水平升高19．110（P＜0．05），血清T4水平升高18．230
（P＜0．05），血清瘦素水平降低6石7％。
日粮中添喂F89llQ）后，与对照组比较，蛋鸡摄食量增加 3．330＜0刀5＼
产蛋率减少 8．92％，破壳蛋率减少 14．24％，只日蛋重增加＊ 10％，统计分析差异不显
著。每枚蛋重增加 5．590o＜0．05），料蛋比减少 9．09oO＜0．05疗血清T3水平升高了
36．94％（P＜0刀1），血清＊4水平升高19刀0％（P＜0．05），血清瘦素水平升高15乃9％，
统计分析差异不显著。
实验系列4 口粮中添加大豆黄酮对蛋鸡抗氧化的研究
试文采用40羽420日龄伊沙蛋鸡，平均分为二组，对照组饲喂基础日粮，大豆黄
酮组饲喂基础日粮十Da（6m叭g人试验持续30天。结果显示：日粮中添加大豆黄酮
后，与对照组比较，大豆黄酮组采食量增加 3．060，产蛋率提高 14．41OO＜0．05人
料蛋比降低6．25o（P＜0．05）。血清SOD水平升高6．24o（P＜0．05），血清MDA水平
降低18．48％（P＜0刀5入肝脏中s0D水平升高2．14％，肝脏中MD A水平降低34．48％
（P叼．m）；下丘脑中sOD水平降低6．3o％，下丘脑中MD A水平降低25．07％（k0．05）。
The role of daidzein, HK02,F89,F89 II in control of the feed intake and laying performance in hens and involved endocrine mechanisms were studied in this research, the present research include 4 series:
Series 1: Effect of diet supplemented with daidzein and F89 in long-term on the feed intake and laying performance in laying hens and endocrine mechanisms involved.
60 26-week-old hens were randomized into 3 groups : basal diet, basal diet+6mg/kg daidzein , basal diet +2mg/kg F89 . Compared to control , the feed intake of basal diet +daidzein group was increased, and laying performance was improved ; serum 17β - estradiol, T3, T4 levels were increased whereas the serum leptin level was reduced ; The feed intake of basal diet +F89 group was increased and laying performance was also improved. Serum insulin and leptin levels were increased.
Series 2: Effect of diet supplemented with HK02 and F89 II on the feed intake and laying performance in older laying hens and endocrine mechanisms involved.
60 49-week-old hens were randomized into 3 groups : basal diet, basal diet+6mg/kg HK02 , basal diet +2mg/kg F89II . Compared to control , the feed
intake of basal diet +HK02 group was increased, and laying performance was improved ; serum 17 β- estradiol, T3, T4 levels were increased whereas the leptin level was reduced ; The feed intake of basal diet + F89II group was increased and laying performance was also improved. Serum insulin and leptin level were increased.
Series 3: Effect of diet supplemented with daidzein and F89II on the feed intake and laying performance in older laying hens and endocrine mechanisms involved in the condition of high environmental temperature.
60 53-week-old hens were randomized into 3 groups : basal diet, basal diet+6mg/kg daidzein , basal diet +2mg/kg F89II . Compared to control , the feed intake of basal diet +daidzein group was increased, and laying performance was improved; serum T3, T4 levels were increased whereas the leptin levels was reduced; The feed intake of basal diet + F89II group was increased and laying performance was decreased . Serum T3, T4, leptin levels were increased.
Series 4: Effect of diet supplemented with daidzein on body SOD and MDA level in older laying hens
40 60-week-old hens were randomized into 2 groups : basal diet, basal diet+6mg/kg daidzein , Compared to control, the feed intake and laying performance of basal diet +daidzein group were increased, serum SOD and liver SOD levels were increased whereas the hypothalamus SOD levels was reduced ; Serum MDA, liver MDA, hypothalamus MDA levels were all reduced.
In conclusion, daidzein (6mg/kg diet) can improve the performance and regulate concentrations of some blood hormones in laying hens and it can also perform the effect of anti-oxidation in older laying hens. It seems that the effect of daidzein may be partly related to the alteration of blood 17 P - estradiol, T3, T4, leptin , etc; F89II also increase feed intake and performance hi laying hens, the effect of F89II seems partly related to the alteration of blood insulin, leptin, etc.
实验系列1 日粮中长期持续添加大豆黄酮及F89对产蛋高峰期蛋鸡采食和产蛋性能及有关内分泌的影响
随机抽取60羽180日龄伊沙蛋鸡，平均分为三组，对照组饲喂基础日粮，大豆黄酮(Da)组饲喂基础日粮+Da(6mg／kg)，F89组添喂基础日粮+F89(2mg／kg)，每组20羽。整个实验持续150天。结果显示：日粮中长期持续添加大豆黄酮(6mg／kg)后，与对照组相比，蛋鸡摄食量增加2.58％(P＜0.01)，产蛋率增加13.95％(P＜0.01)，只日蛋重增加8.94％(P＜0.05)，每枚蛋重减少2.70％(P＜0.01)，料蛋比减少14.95％(P＜0.01)，破壳蛋率减少25.00％。血清雌二醇水平升高22.37％(P＜0.05)，血清T3水平升高45.12％(P＜0.01)，血清T4水升高26.78％(P＜0.05)，血清瘦素水平降低17.39％。
日粮中长期添加F89(2mg／kg)后，与对照组相比，蛋鸡摄食量增加4.05％(P＜0.01)，产蛋率增加2.61％(P＜0.05)，只日蛋重增加7.80％(P＜0.05)，每枚蛋重减少0.84％，料蛋比减少3.91％，破壳蛋率减少31.76％。血清胰岛素水平升高39.17％(P＜0.05)。瘦素水平升高2.90％。
实验系列2 日粮中添加HK02及F89Ⅱ对产蛋后期蛋鸡采食和产蛋性能及有关内分泌的影响
选用60羽340日龄伊沙蛋鸡，平均分为三组，对照组饲喂基础日粮，HK02组饲喂基础日粮+HK02(6mg／kg)，F89Ⅱ组添喂基础日粮+F89Ⅱ(2mg／kg)，每组20羽。
一
结果显示：日粮中添加 HK02后，与对照组相比，HK02的mg／kg）组蛋鸡摄食量增加
心A0％，产蛋率增加9．92％（P＜o刀5），只日蛋重增加二＊3％，每枚蛋重减少2．M％，料蛋
比减少ic．96％庆功力习，破壳蛋率减少10．53％。血清雌二醇水平升高38．35％
O＜＊01），血清＊3水平升高22．78％（P＜0．01）／血清＊4水平升高7．73％，血清瘦素
水平降低3．85％，
日粮中添加 F89llQ）后，与对照组相比，蛋鸡摄食量增加 15．92％①＜0乃1＼
产蛋率增加 7．880厌＜0．05），只日蛋重减少5．3700＜0．05），每枚蛋重减少0．030，料
蛋比减少3刀8％，破壳蛋率减少13．16％。血清胰岛素水平升高17．21％o＜0刀5），血
清瘦素水平升高 13．46％。
实验系列 3 环境高温条件下日粮中添加大豆黄酮及 F89 fi对产蛋后期蛋鸡
采食和产蛋性能及有关内分泌的影响
试禽采用60羽370日龄伊沙蛋鸡，平均分为三组，对照组饲喂基础日粮，大豆
黄酮组饲喂基础日粮十Da历mg／kg人 F89ll组饲喂基础日粮十F89llu 八gL每组
20羽。整个试验持续 30天，鸡舍平均温度为 34．35oC，平均相对湿度为 78．20以实
验结果显示：环境高温条件下日粮中添加大豆黄酮的m叭g）后与对照组相比，大豆黄
酮组蛋鸡摄食量增加 3．00Oo＜0．05），产蛋率减少 2．340，只日蛋重增加 11．040
o功力5），每枚蛋重减少3．86％①功力1厂料蛋比减少IO．18％四功力5厂破壳蛋率减少
47．68o，（P＜0．05），血清T3水平升高19．110（P＜0．05），血清T4水平升高18．230
（P＜0．05），血清瘦素水平降低6石7％。
日粮中添喂F89llQ）后，与对照组比较，蛋鸡摄食量增加 3．330＜0刀5＼
产蛋率减少 8．92％，破壳蛋率减少 14．24％，只日蛋重增加＊ 10％，统计分析差异不显
著。每枚蛋重增加 5．590o＜0．05），料蛋比减少 9．09oO＜0．05疗血清T3水平升高了
36．94％（P＜0刀1），血清＊4水平升高19刀0％（P＜0．05），血清瘦素水平升高15乃9％，
统计分析差异不显著。
实验系列4 口粮中添加大豆黄酮对蛋鸡抗氧化的研究
试文采用40羽420日龄伊沙蛋鸡，平均分为二组，对照组饲喂基础日粮，大豆黄
酮组饲喂基础日粮十Da（6m叭g人试验持续30天。结果显示：日粮中添加大豆黄酮
后，与对照组比较，大豆黄酮组采食量增加 3．060，产蛋率提高 14．41OO＜0．05人
料蛋比降低6．25o（P＜0．05）。血清SOD水平升高6．24o（P＜0．05），血清MDA水平
降低18．48％（P＜0刀5入肝脏中s0D水平升高2．14％，肝脏中MD A水平降低34．48％
（P叼．m）；下丘脑中sOD水平降低6．3o％，下丘脑中MD A水平降低25．07％（k0．05）。
The role of daidzein, HK02,F89,F89 II in control of the feed intake and laying performance in hens and involved endocrine mechanisms were studied in this research, the present research include 4 series:
Series 1: Effect of diet supplemented with daidzein and F89 in long-term on the feed intake and laying performance in laying hens and endocrine mechanisms involved.
60 26-week-old hens were randomized into 3 groups : basal diet, basal diet+6mg/kg daidzein , basal diet +2mg/kg F89 . Compared to control , the feed intake of basal diet +daidzein group was increased, and laying performance was improved ; serum 17β - estradiol, T3, T4 levels were increased whereas the serum leptin level was reduced ; The feed intake of basal diet +F89 group was increased and laying performance was also improved. Serum insulin and leptin levels were increased.
Series 2: Effect of diet supplemented with HK02 and F89 II on the feed intake and laying performance in older laying hens and endocrine mechanisms involved.
60 49-week-old hens were randomized into 3 groups : basal diet, basal diet+6mg/kg HK02 , basal diet +2mg/kg F89II . Compared to control , the feed
intake of basal diet +HK02 group was increased, and laying performance was improved ; serum 17 β- estradiol, T3, T4 levels were increased whereas the leptin level was reduced ; The feed intake of basal diet + F89II group was increased and laying performance was also improved. Serum insulin and leptin level were increased.
Series 3: Effect of diet supplemented with daidzein and F89II on the feed intake and laying performance in older laying hens and endocrine mechanisms involved in the condition of high environmental temperature.
60 53-week-old hens were randomized into 3 groups : basal diet, basal diet+6mg/kg daidzein , basal diet +2mg/kg F89II . Compared to control , the feed intake of basal diet +daidzein group was increased, and laying performance was improved; serum T3, T4 levels were increased whereas the leptin levels was reduced; The feed intake of basal diet + F89II group was increased and laying performance was decreased . Serum T3, T4, leptin levels were increased.
Series 4: Effect of diet supplemented with daidzein on body SOD and MDA level in older laying hens
40 60-week-old hens were randomized into 2 groups : basal diet, basal diet+6mg/kg daidzein , Compared to control, the feed intake and laying performance of basal diet +daidzein group were increased, serum SOD and liver SOD levels were increased whereas the hypothalamus SOD levels was reduced ; Serum MDA, liver MDA, hypothalamus MDA levels were all reduced.
In conclusion, daidzein (6mg/kg diet) can improve the performance and regulate concentrations of some blood hormones in laying hens and it can also perform the effect of anti-oxidation in older laying hens. It seems that the effect of daidzein may be partly related to the alteration of blood 17 P - estradiol, T3, T4, leptin , etc; F89II also increase feed intake and performance hi laying hens, the effect of F89II seems partly related to the alteration of blood insulin, leptin, etc.
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