用户名: 密码: 验证码:
生物制气—柴油双燃料发动机的燃烧噪声及燃烧模拟
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
近年来发动机燃用气体燃料已成为改善内燃机经济性及降低排放的重要研究方向之一,柴油引燃的双燃料发动机由柴油机改装而来,具有高效率、低排放的优势,应用越来越广泛。由气化炉热解气化各种农林废弃物产生的生物制气是一种优良的发动机替代燃料,对缓解能源紧张状况、减少焚烧生物质产生的二次污染等方面具有较好的综合效益和广阔的应用前景。简述了双燃料发动机的开发现状和技术对策;综述了生物质能源的发展和研究现状以及压燃式双燃料发动机燃烧模型的进展。在前人研究的基础上从理论和实验研究两方面对生物制气-柴油双燃料发动机进行了较为深入的探讨,为生物质能源在双燃料发动机上的应用及发展提供了科学的依据。
     将一台单缸直喷柴油机改装为柴油引燃的生物制气-柴油双燃料发动机,既可纯柴油模式运行,也可以双燃料模式运行。对比分析了发动机运行于两种模式下的万有特性、燃烧特性和比排放性能。分析了负荷、转速、供油提前角等参数对柴油机及双燃料发动机燃烧过程的影响。结果表明:双燃料发动机的燃烧始点落后于柴油机;除低速大负荷外,最高燃烧压力、最大燃烧压力升高率均低于柴油机,最高燃烧压力与最大燃烧压力升高率对应相位均滞后于柴油机;双燃料发动机的后燃较为严重,排气温度较高,烟度稍大。双燃料发动机的NO_x排放量较柴油机显著降低,但CO和HC的排放量明显增加。
     从时域和频域两个方面对生物制气—柴油双燃料发动机的燃烧噪声进行综合评价,并计算出燃烧总声压级。与柴油发动机进行对比分析,研究了不同的供油提前角、负荷和转速对燃烧噪声的影响。结果表明,在相同转速下燃烧噪声随负荷变大而变大;在相同负荷下供油提前角变大其燃烧噪声变大,燃用纯柴油比燃用生物制气混合气的燃烧噪声大。
     根据双燃料发动机燃烧的特点,建立了由实测示功图计算双燃料发动机燃烧放热规律的多区计算模型,并将其和传统柴油机模型进行了计算结果对比。计算分析表明,生物制气-柴油双燃料发动机的最大放热率高于柴油机,燃烧延迟,后燃较严重。与传统模型相比,新模型与双燃料发动机实际燃烧过程更为吻合,可以更好地对双燃料发动机的燃烧过程进行诊断分析。
     通过对双燃料发动机燃烧过程的深入分析,建立了基于湍流火焰面分形理论的双燃料发动机现象学准维燃烧模型,包括滞燃期子模型,喷雾卷吸子模型,燃烧和火焰传播子模型,燃烧化学反应子模型,传热及NO_x排放形成子模型等,并运用该模型对生物制气-柴油双燃料发动机进行了燃烧过程的模拟,预测双燃料发动机的气缸压力及NO_x排放等参数,计算结果与实验结果有良好的一致性。
During recent years the use of gaseous fuel in internal combustion engine is becoming an important research aspect for the improvement of fuel consumption and reduction of emission. The dual fuel engine modified from diesel engine with pilot diesel fuel ignition is widely used due to its high efficiency and low emissions. Biogas produced by gasification oven from biomass materials is a kind of good alternative fuel for the engines. It is becoming a most important resource to solve the shortage of energy and reduce the second pollution from the burning of biomass materials. The biogas is used more and more widely in engine. The current situation on development and technical strategy of dual fuel engine are briefly discussed. The development and the current situation of biomass energy and the evolvement of combustion model of compression ignition dual fuel engine are summarized. The dual fuel engine is discussed by theory and experiment on the basis research of predecessors. Scientific foundation for the utilizing and development trend of biomass energy sources is introduced.
     A biogas—diesel dual fuel engine ignited by the pilot diesel fuel has been modified from a single cylinder, direct injection diesel engine. The dual fuel engine can operate by normal diesel fuel (no gas was added) or dual fuel. The characteristics map of fuel consumption, combustion parameters and specific emissions of diesel engine and dual-fuel engine are analysed. The effects of parameters such as load, engine speed and fuel supply advance angle on combustion process are analysed. The results show that compared with diesel engine, the ignition timing of dual fuel engine is delayed.The maximum combustion pressure and maximum combustion pressure rise are lower and their corresponding phases are delayed except at low speed and high load conditions. The after combustion period is longer. The NO_x emission of dual fuel engine compared to the diesel engine decrease remarkably, but the HC and CO emission increase obviously.
     The combustion noise of the biogas diesel dual-fuel engine is comprehensively evaluated in time region and frequency region. The total combustion sound pressure level is caculated. The data of dual fuel engine are compared with those of diesel engine. The effect of the different fuel supply advance angle and load and speed on the combustion process are studied. The results show that the combustion noise is larger with the increasing of load. The combustion noise is larger with the increasing of fuel supply advance angle. The combustion noise of diesel engine is larger than that of dual fuel engine.
     According to the combustion characteristics of dual-fuel engine, a new multi-zone combustion and heat release model has been developed to calculate the combustion heat release rate based on the measured cylinder pressure. This new model is applied to the biogas-diesel dual fuel engine and compared with the conventional diesel calculation model. The research results show that the peak heat release rate of dual fuel engine is larger than that of the diesel engine. However the total combustion period is delayed. Compared with the conventional calculation model, the new model agrees well with the experimental results.
     On the basis of experimental data and theory analysis, a universal combustion model was developed to predict the performance of the dual fuel engine. The new model is based on the fractal nature of turbulent flames, including ignition delay model, fuel spray and air entrainment model, flame propagation model, combustion chemical reaction model, heat transfer model and the NO_x emission model. This new model is applied to the biogas-diesel dual fuel engine to predict the characteristics of the engine. The simulation results show that the model has good precision compared with the experimental data.
引文
[1]崔心存.内燃机代用燃料.北京:机械工业出版社,1990.
    [2]王丹,朱向荣.车用代用燃料研究及发展趋势.汽车工艺与材料,2005,(10):1-5.
    [3]张君涛,梁生荣,丁丽芹.车用清洁代用燃料及发展趋势.精细石油化工进展,2005,6(4):43-47.
    [4]汪卫东.我国汽车代用燃料的研究发展现状及前景.北京汽车,2006,(1):37-41.
    [5]徐桂转,张百良.生物柴油的研究与进展.华中农业大学学报,2005,24(6):644-650.
    [6]刘海峰,张全长,黄华,等.甲醇和二甲醚在发动机中的应用现状.节能,2006,(4):13-16.
    [7]芮鹏,李国岫.氢燃料发动机与排放控制研究进展.柴油机设计与制造,2005,14(4):8-12.
    [8]房津.发展中的中国天然气汽车工业.天然气汽车,1998,10(1):30-36
    [9]孙济美.天然气和液化石油气汽车.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1999.
    [10]Kadmga,Liuz,Jones W.Exhaust Emissions from Duel Engines at Light Load [J].SAE Paper,932822,1993.
    [11]张欣欣,张家栋,张欣.柴油天然气双燃料电控发动机的研究.柴油机设计与制造,1998,15(1):8-11.
    [12]#12
    [13]K.Bruce Hodgins,et al.Intensifier-Injection for Natural Gas Fueling of Diesel Engine.SAE Paper921553,1992.
    [14]Christopher S.Weaver,Scan H.Turner.Duel Fuel Natural Gas/Diesel Engines:Technology,Performance,and Emissions.SAE Paper940548,1994
    [15]刘承启.天然气柴油双燃料发动机柴油机性能试验研究.山东工程学院学报,2000,17(3):56-58.
    [16]Bruce Wadman.重型汽车双燃料发动机的发展.段缨,于海涛译.国外内燃机,1997,29(6):53-55.
    [17]郝利军,张付军,黄英,等.天然气发动机的发展现状与展望.汽车工程,2000,22(5):332-337.
    [18]Kresimir Gebert,et al.Strategies to Improve Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Dual Fuel Pilot Ignited natural Gas Engines.SAE Paper 971712,1997.
    [19]苏万华,林志强,汪洋,等.气口顺序喷射、稀燃、全电控柴油/天然气双燃料发动机的研究.内燃机学报,2001,19(2):102-108.
    [20]钱恒荣,高世伦.电控双燃料发动机的研究与开发.现代车用动力,2003,(3):1-3.
    [21]张春化,边耀璋.机电联合控制LPG-柴油双燃料增压发动机的研究.内燃机学报,2002,20(4):329-334.
    [22]张新塘,高孝洪,潘志翔,等.增压柴油/CNG双燃料发动CNG电控技术研究.武汉理工大学学报,2003,27(3):294-296.
    [23]张纪鹏,高越,夏元东,等.天然气准均质压燃特性及其排放规律.农业机械学报,2004,35(4):20-23.
    [24]韦志康,姚起宏,黄大明,等.柴油/乙醇双燃料发动机燃料混合比的研究.车用发动机,2005,(4):27-29,34.
    [25]熊树生,楚书华,杨振中.活塞式内燃机燃用沼气的研究.太阳能学报,2003,24(5):688-692.
    [26]罗福强,汤东,李小华,等.生物制气柴油双燃料发动机燃烧及排放研究.农业机械学报,2004,35(5):43-46.
    [27]李国岫.柴油-天然气发动机电控气体燃料喷射技术的研究.车用发动机,2000,(2):8-11.
    [28]陈宜亮,牟善祥.国内外气体燃料发动机技术发展与展望.柴油机,2003,(4):11-13.
    [29]宋传平.气体燃料发动机新技术(一).内燃机,2003,(5):5-7.
    [30]宋传平.气体燃料发动机新技术(二).内燃机,2003,(6):10-11.
    [31]Stan C,Hilliger E.采用电控RAM调制柴油喷射的气体燃料发动机预喷射 系统.国外内燃机,1999,(3):15-22.
    [32]K.Bruce Hodgins,et al.Intensifier-Injection for Natural Gas Fuelling of Diesel Engine.SAE Paper921553,1992.
    [33]J.Jinn.High Pressure Direct(HPD) Injection.LANG' 98,Colone,Germany,May,1998.
    [34]Akihide Takami,et al.Development of Lean Burn Catalyst.SAE Paper 50746,1995.
    [35]刘恩山,杨青,张幽彤.微喷技术在天然气发动机中的应用.柴油机,2001,(2):31-33.
    [36]Steven R.King.The Impact of Natural Gas Composition on Fuel Metering and Engine Operational Charactoristics.SAE Paper920593,1992.
    [37]KR IM G A.Experimental and Analytical Studies of the Lean Operational Limits in Methane Fuelled Spark Ignition and Compression Ignition Engines.SAE,Tran..891637.
    [38]YAN Z D,KAR IM G A.A Predictive Model for Dual Fuel DI Diesel Engine Performance And Emission.ASME,ICE,92.
    [39]严兆大.双燃料直喷式柴油机燃烧模型及性能预测.浙江大学学报,1990,24(6):914-926.
    [40]严兆大,费少梅,俞小莉.预测双燃料直喷式柴油机性能和排放的燃烧模型.内燃机学报,1992,10(2):169-176.
    [41]MANSOUR C,BOUNIFA,ARISA,et al.Gas-Diesel(dual-fuel)Modeling in Diesel EngineEnvironment.Int.J.Therm.Sci.(2001)40:409-424.
    [42]DE SOETE G.Overall Reaction Rate of NO and N_2 Formation from Fuel Nitrogen,in:15 th Combustion Symposium,Tokyo,Japan,1974:1011-1024.
    [43]ABD ALLA G H,SOL IMAN H A,BADR O A,et al.Combustion Quasi-two Zone Predictive Model for Dual Fuel Engines.Energy Conversion and Management 42(2001):1477-1498.
    [44]ABD ALLA G H.Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on the Performance of a Dual Fuel Engine.PhD Thesis,Mechanical Engineering Department,Shoubra Faculty of Engineering,Zagazig University,Cairo,Egypt,1997.
    [45]HOUNTATAS D T,PAPAGIANNAKIS R G.A Simulation Model for the Combustion Process of Natural Gas Engines with Pilot Diesel Fuel as an Ignition Source.SAE 2001-01-1245,2001.
    [46]费少梅,严兆大.压燃式双燃料发动机燃烧模型的新进展.燃烧科学与技术,1996,2(4):349-356.
    [47]尧命发,许斯都,李远洪,等.双燃料发动机的燃烧模型.燃烧科学与技术,2002,8(4):358-363.
    [48]蒋德明.内燃机燃烧与排放学.西安:西安交通大学出版社,2001.
    [49]ZHANG D,FRANKEL S H.A Numerical Study of Nature Gas Combustion in a Lean Burn Engines.Fuel Vol 77,No 12 pp.339-1347,1998.
    [50]HOUNTATAS D T,PAPAGIANNAKIS R G.Development of a Simulation Model for Direct Injection,Dual Fuel,Diesel-Natural Gas Engines.SAE 2001-01-0286,2001.
    [51]赵冬梅,梁龙,胡准庆,等.天然气/柴油双燃料发动机燃烧过程的模拟计算.柴油机设计与制造,2001(3):27-30.
    [52]张欣,刘伟,胡准庆,等.天然气/柴油双燃料发动机燃烧过程二维数学模型的研究.铁道学报,2001,23(1):103-107.
    [53]US Department of Energy,International Energy Outlook,2002.Published Online in www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/ieo/index.html.
    [54]Brian CO,Michael O,Climate Change:Dangerous Climateimpacts and the Kyoto Protocol.Science,2002,296(5575):1971-1972.
    [55]Haroon SK,Roger CP,Gregg M.The Potential of Biomass Fuels in the Context of Global Climate Change:Focus on Transportation Fuels[J].Annu Rev Energy Environ,2000,25,199-244.
    [56]中华人民共和国国家发展计划委员会基础产业发展司.中国新能源与可再生能源1999白皮书.北京:中国计划出版社,2000.
    [57]朱清时,阎立峰,郭庆祥.生物质洁净能源.北京.化学工业出版社.2002.
    [58]闵恩泽,吴巍.可再生生物质资源.化工进展.2002,21(5):357-359.
    [59]孔宪文,李丽萍.发展生物质能可获得多方面的效益.节能,2003(2).
    [60]魏学锋,刘建平.生物质燃料的利用现状与展望.云南环境科学,2005,24 (2):16-19.
    [61]刘宇刚.关于利用生物质能技术的思考.佳木斯大学学报,2005,23(3):443-445.
    [62]武全萍,王桂娟,李业发.生物质洁净能源利用技术.能源与环境,2004,(2):41-43.
    [63]米铁,唐汝江,陈汉平,等.生物质能利用技术及研究进展.煤气与热力,2004,24(12):701-705.
    [64]杨其光.生物质能及其开发利用.安徽科技,2005,(12):18-20.
    [65]吴伟烽,刘聿拯.生物质能利用技术介绍.工业锅炉,2003,(5):11-14.
    [66]孙孝仁.21世纪世界能源发展前景.中国能源,2001,(2):19-20.
    [67]匡延云,马克平,白克智.生物质能研发展望.中国科学基金,2005,(6):326-330.
    [68]蒋剑春.生物质能源应用研究现状与发展前景.林产化学与工业,2002,22(2):76-80.
    [69]金淳等.150万千卡/时上吸式木材气化炉试验报告.林产化工通讯,1994,(3):3-12.
    [70]张进平等.生物质流态化催化气化技术研究.林产化学与工业,2001,21(3):16-20.
    [71]周中仁,吴文良.生物质能研究现状及展望.农业工程学报,2005,21(12):12-15.
    [72]魏学锋,刘建平.生物质燃料的利用现状与展望.云南环境科学,2005,24(2):16-19.
    [73]雒廷亮,许庆利,刘国际,等.生物质能的应用前景分析.能源研究与信息,2003,19(4):194-197.
    [74]闫有旺.21世纪绿色可再生资源-生物质.贵州化工,2003,28(5):2-3.
    [75]李小华,罗福强,汤东.多项式插值法绘制发动机万有特性曲线.农业工程学报,2004,20(5):138-141.
    [76]周玉明.内燃机废气排放及控制技术.北京:人民交通出版社,2001.
    [77]Hohenwarter,Ulrich.Energy-Related and Ecological Evaluation of the Various Use of Biogas for Generation of Power and Heat.Technical University GRAZ,Austria,1999.
    [78]Henham A.Combustion of Simulated Biogas in a Dual-Fuel Diesel Engine.Energy Conversion & Management,1998,39(16 18):2001-2009.
    [79]Xu Guangqi,Huang Zhijie.Gasification of Agricultural and Forestry Residues.In:Proc.Intersoc.Energy Conversion Eng.Conf.23rd(4),ASME Proc.889446:439-443.
    [80]周龙保主编.内燃机学(第2版).北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
    [81]马隆龙,吴创之,孙立.生物质气化技术及其应用.北京:化学工业出版社,2003.
    [82]陈泽智.生物质沼气发电技术.环境保护,2000,(10):23-27.
    [83]高绪伟,李宗立,辛强之.8300型生物质气体发动机的开发及初步试验.山东内燃机,2002,(2):72-76.
    [84]张纪鹏等.最大扭矩转速下天然气发动机准均质压燃特性的研究.内燃机工程,2003,(5):14-18.
    [85]罗福强,李小华,汤 东,等.生物制气-柴油双燃料发动机燃烧特性研究.工程热物理学报,2004,25(5):879-882.
    [86]刘浩龙,罗福强,汤东,等.生物制气发动机最大扭矩转速燃烧排放分析.车用发动机,2005,(4):10-13.
    [87]秦文新,程熙,叶霭云.汽车排气净化与噪声控制.北京:人民交通出版社,1999.
    [88]H Ogawa,et al.Smokeless and low NOx Combustion in a Dual-Fuel Diesel Engine with Induced Natural Gas as the Main Fuel.Int.J.Engine Res.2003,vol 4,1:1-9.
    [89]Hodgins K Bruce,et al.Directly injected Natural Gas Fueling of Diesel Engines.SAE Paper 961671,1996.
    [90]姚春德,刘增勇,高昌卿,等.柴油引燃天然气的双燃料燃烧机理的研究.工程热物理学报,2002,23(6):761-763.
    [91]汪云,王春发,张幽彤.电控柴油天然气(双燃料)发动机性能研究[J].内燃机工程,2004,25(5):76-78.
    [92]张纪鹏,夏元东,孙志军等.天然气-柴油双燃料准均质燃烧过程的研究. 燃烧科学与技术,2004,10(2):146-148.
    [93]尧命发,黄宁,段家修,等.增压中冷柴油-天然气双燃料发动机燃烧特性的试验研究.内燃机学报,2003,21(4):211-216.
    [94]罗福强,李小华,汤东,等.生物制气-柴油双燃料发动机燃烧特性研究.工程热物理学报,2004,25(5):879-882.
    [95]Murayama etc,Studies of Combustion Noise on Diesel Engine,(First Report)JSME Paper 1974,40.
    [96]Kohketsu S等,降低柴油机排放、燃烧噪声和燃油耗的技术.国外内燃机,1995,(6):
    [97]Russell M F.Diesel Engine Noise,Control at Source.Detroit:1982,2:SAE Paper,820238.
    [98]Imoto Koji.New Combustion System of the IDI Diesel Engine.Nippon Kikai Gakkai Ronbunshu,B Hen/Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers,Part B v 62 n 602 Oct 1996 JSME p 3739-3745 0387-5016.
    [99]F.F.Pischinger,K.P.Schmillen,F.W.Leipold.A New Measuring Method for the Direct Dertermination of Diesel Engine Combustion Noise.SAE Paper 790267.
    [100]Russell M F,Yonung C D.Measurement of Diesel Combustion Noise,Proc.Inst.Mesh.Engrs.Conf,Autotech 85.Birmingham:1985,10/11.
    [101]C.M.P.Chan,I.D.Moncrieff,R.A.Pettitt.Diesel Engine Combustion Noise with Alternative Fuels.SAE paper 820236.
    [102]J.Borggr(a丨¨)fe,J.Berthold.汽油机的燃烧噪声.小型内燃机,1988(4):53-61.
    [103]何学良,吴孟鸿,楼斌.直喷式柴油机燃烧噪声及其与燃烧压力振荡的关系.内燃机学报,1990,8(3):191-196.
    [104]刘仕民,等.由静、动态传递函数计算燃烧噪声.长春汽车研究所,发动机噪声计算机分析课题报告,1982.
    [105]陈锦祥,张殿昌,兰军,等.声诊断内燃机燃烧过程的研究(一)-燃烧噪声识别的数学模型.内燃机学报,1992,10(3):221-226.
    [106]Li Z,Hua H,Shi Y,et al.A New Method for Measuring Combustion Noise.Proceedings of the International Modal Analysis Conference-IMAC v 2 Feb 5-8 2001 2001p 1617-1621 1046-6770.
    [107]罗福强.柴油机瞬变工况瞬时转速及工作过程测量分析系统.内燃机工程,1996,17(1):15-20.
    [108]姚春德,刘增勇,高昌卿,孙家峰.柴油引燃天然气的双燃料燃烧机理的研究.工程热物理学报,2002,23(6):761-763.
    [109]Kamimoto T and et al.A Two-Zone Model Analysis of Heat Release Rate in Diesel Engines.SAE paper,972959,1997.
    [110]尧命发,段家修,覃军,等.双燃料发动机燃烧放热规律分析及燃烧特性研究.内燃机学报,2002,20(4):313-317.
    [111]罗福强,汤东,李小华,等.生物制气-柴油双燃料发动机燃烧及排放研究.农业机械学报,2004,35(5):43-46.
    [112]姚春德,刘增勇,高昌卿,等.柴油引燃天然气的双燃料燃烧机理的研究.工程热物理学报,2002,23(6):761-763.
    [113]孙济美,郭孔辉,高青,等.X6130柴油天然气双燃料发动机性能试验研究.天然气汽车信息,1997(4):4-8.
    [114]Hountalas,D.T.and Papagiannakis,R.G..A Simulation Model for the Combustion Process of Natural Gas Engines with Pilot Diesel Fuel as an Ignition Source,SAE 2001-01-1245,2001.
    [115]Heywood,J.I..Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals,McGraw-Hill,New York,1988.
    [116]Shipinski,J.,et al..A Droplet Model for Diesel Combustion,Symposium on Diesel Engine Combustion,Proc.Of I.M.E.,Vol.184,Part 3J.,1970.
    [117]金昶明,卓斌.直喷式柴油机性能与排放的准维模拟.内燃机学报,2001,19(1):29-35.
    [118]Sathe S.B.,Peck R.E.,and Tong T.W.Flame Stabilization and Multimode Heat Transfer in Inert Porous Media:A Numeric Study.Combustion Science and Technology,1990(70).
    [119]Ramos,J.I.,Internal combustion engine modeling,Hemisphere,New York,1989.
    [120]James N.Mattavi and Charles A.Amann,Combustion modeling in reciprocating engines,Plenum,New York,1980.
    [121]朱访君,吴坚.内燃机工作过程数值计算及其优化.北京:国防工业出版社,1997.
    [122]刘永长.内燃机工作过程模拟.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1996年12月.
    [123]Mandelbrot,B.B.,Fractals.Freeman W H,San Francisco,1977.
    [124]Mandelbrot,B.B.,The Fractals Geometry of Nature,Freeman W H,San Francisco,1982
    [125]张济忠,分形.北京:清华大学出版社,1995.
    [126]North,G.L.et al.,The fractal nature of premixed turbulent flames,Combustion Science and Technology,1990(72):215-232.
    [127]Hall,M.J.,Dai W.Matthews,R.D.,Fractal Analysis of Turbulent Premixed Flame Image from SI Engines,SAE 922242.
    [128]吴志新,董刚,夏兴兰等.柴油机燃油喷注表面特性的研究[J],江苏理工大学学报,1997,18(1):12-17.
    [129]何学良,李疏松.内燃机燃烧学.北京:机械工业出版社,1990.
    [130]Fenimore,C.P.,Formation of NO in Premixed Hydrocarbon Flames,13th Symposium international on Combustion,1971.
    [131]Warnatz J,Mass U and Dibble R W.,Combustion,Berlin:Springer,1999.
    [132]罗孝良,戴元声.化学反应速度常数手册,第一分册.成都:四川科学技术出版社,1984.
    [133]罗孝良,戴元声.化学反应速度常数手册,第二分册.成都:四川科学技术出版社,1984.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700