冲击机械动态反演设计方法研究
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摘要
在综合分析反演设计理论及应用现状的基础上，从设计方法学和反问题研究融合的角度，深入探讨了反演设计方法中的共性问题；以机械系统动态品质为目标，系统研究了冲击机械系统几种典型的反演设计问题和方法，并将这些方法应用到具体的设计之中。
针对已知系统响应求系统模型参数问题，以机械撞击为研究对象，提出了在给定变截面杆下，冲击活塞动态反演设计方法。研究了活塞与半无限杆撞击产生应力波原理，推导了在给定被撞击变截面杆条件下的冲击活塞结构参数计算公式，为新加坡Nanyang Technological Universitv防护研究中心大直径SHPB试验机成功设计了冲击活塞。
针对已知系统响应与激励的关系求系统模型参数问题，以波的传播部件为研究对象，提出了给定透射率的冲击部件反演设计方法。在频域内，定义了透射率，研究了波在杆形部件中的传播规律，导出了应力波在变截面杆中的传播特征矩阵，探讨了反演设计解的多样性问题以及求解精度问题。
针对已知系统响应求系统冲击激励问题，分别以液压提升机绳系和车辆道路线形为研究对象，提出了宜人化的动态反演设计方法。研究了液压提升机驱动系统、提升机绳系和容器的动力学问题，应用波动离散反演方法，求解了适宜人的液压驱动系统的激励函数；研究了车辆-道路-人体系统的耦合动力学问题，将道路线形作为系统的冲击激励，构造了样条曲线特征多边形，优化求解出以车辆乘员舒适性为目标的合理道路缓和竖曲线。
应用反演设计方法和冲击动力学理论，研制了气动式QCJ型水平冲击综合试验台，构建了以Odyssey波形记录分析仪为核心的高应变率动态测试系统；引入了动力学特征参数α和运动学特征参数τ，提出了冲击凿岩机具弹性动力学和刚体运动学融合的概念设计方法，基于此成功研制出YST-25型全水压支腿式凿岩机。
On the base of analyzing the theories of the inverse design and their present application status, from the view of the combine of the design methodology and inversion, the common problems in inverse design methods are discussed in detail. Aiming at the dynamic qualities of the machine system, several typical inverse design problems and approaches in impact machine systems have been studied systematically. These inverse design methods are applied to the design.
For the problem to get the model parameters of the system when giving the output or the response, the impact piston dynamic inverse design method has been presented, in which the profile of the variable cross-sections rod is given. The produce mechanism of the stress wave during the process of the piston impacting the semi-infinite rod has been studied. The formulas for calculating the geometry parameters of the projectile are derived. A projectile for large SHPB equipment of Nanyang Technological University in Singapore has been designed and manufactured successfully.
For the problem to inquire the input or the stir of the system when giving the output or the response, the dynamic inverse design method of impact parts with given transmissivity has been put forward. In frequency-domain, the wave transmissivity of the part is defined. The transmission principles of stress wave through the mechanical impact system have been studied. Consequently, the transmission characteristic matrix is obtained. The formulas for solving the impact parts are gained. The variety of inverse design results has been discussed as well as the precision of design.
For the problem to search the structure parameters of the system when giving the relation of the output or the response and the input or the stir, the pleasant dynamic inverse design method is brought forward. The dynamics problems of the driving system of hydraulic winding machine, the winder rope system and container are all studied. Wave discrete method is used to solve the input function of the hydraulic driving system that is fitting to passengers. The couple dynamics problem in the vehicle-road-human system is inquired into. Considering the road alignment as the impact input
of the above system, the characteristic polygon of the sample curve is constructed. At the same time, the transition vertical curve is designed by optimizing to insure the comfort of the passengers.
By applying the inverse design methods and the related theory of impact mechanics, we have successfully developed a multi-function horizontal impact test set-up QCJ. The dynamic measurement system based on Odyssey data acquisition system to gain stress is set up. Introducing the dynamics parameter a and the kinematics parameter t into the design of impact machine, a new conceptual design method of the percussive drill is developed by means of mixing kinematics and kinetics. YST-25 full-hydraulic pressure hammer drill with supporting leg has been designed and manufactured based on above approach.
针对已知系统响应求系统模型参数问题，以机械撞击为研究对象，提出了在给定变截面杆下，冲击活塞动态反演设计方法。研究了活塞与半无限杆撞击产生应力波原理，推导了在给定被撞击变截面杆条件下的冲击活塞结构参数计算公式，为新加坡Nanyang Technological Universitv防护研究中心大直径SHPB试验机成功设计了冲击活塞。
针对已知系统响应与激励的关系求系统模型参数问题，以波的传播部件为研究对象，提出了给定透射率的冲击部件反演设计方法。在频域内，定义了透射率，研究了波在杆形部件中的传播规律，导出了应力波在变截面杆中的传播特征矩阵，探讨了反演设计解的多样性问题以及求解精度问题。
针对已知系统响应求系统冲击激励问题，分别以液压提升机绳系和车辆道路线形为研究对象，提出了宜人化的动态反演设计方法。研究了液压提升机驱动系统、提升机绳系和容器的动力学问题，应用波动离散反演方法，求解了适宜人的液压驱动系统的激励函数；研究了车辆-道路-人体系统的耦合动力学问题，将道路线形作为系统的冲击激励，构造了样条曲线特征多边形，优化求解出以车辆乘员舒适性为目标的合理道路缓和竖曲线。
应用反演设计方法和冲击动力学理论，研制了气动式QCJ型水平冲击综合试验台，构建了以Odyssey波形记录分析仪为核心的高应变率动态测试系统；引入了动力学特征参数α和运动学特征参数τ，提出了冲击凿岩机具弹性动力学和刚体运动学融合的概念设计方法，基于此成功研制出YST-25型全水压支腿式凿岩机。
On the base of analyzing the theories of the inverse design and their present application status, from the view of the combine of the design methodology and inversion, the common problems in inverse design methods are discussed in detail. Aiming at the dynamic qualities of the machine system, several typical inverse design problems and approaches in impact machine systems have been studied systematically. These inverse design methods are applied to the design.
For the problem to get the model parameters of the system when giving the output or the response, the impact piston dynamic inverse design method has been presented, in which the profile of the variable cross-sections rod is given. The produce mechanism of the stress wave during the process of the piston impacting the semi-infinite rod has been studied. The formulas for calculating the geometry parameters of the projectile are derived. A projectile for large SHPB equipment of Nanyang Technological University in Singapore has been designed and manufactured successfully.
For the problem to inquire the input or the stir of the system when giving the output or the response, the dynamic inverse design method of impact parts with given transmissivity has been put forward. In frequency-domain, the wave transmissivity of the part is defined. The transmission principles of stress wave through the mechanical impact system have been studied. Consequently, the transmission characteristic matrix is obtained. The formulas for solving the impact parts are gained. The variety of inverse design results has been discussed as well as the precision of design.
For the problem to search the structure parameters of the system when giving the relation of the output or the response and the input or the stir, the pleasant dynamic inverse design method is brought forward. The dynamics problems of the driving system of hydraulic winding machine, the winder rope system and container are all studied. Wave discrete method is used to solve the input function of the hydraulic driving system that is fitting to passengers. The couple dynamics problem in the vehicle-road-human system is inquired into. Considering the road alignment as the impact input
of the above system, the characteristic polygon of the sample curve is constructed. At the same time, the transition vertical curve is designed by optimizing to insure the comfort of the passengers.
By applying the inverse design methods and the related theory of impact mechanics, we have successfully developed a multi-function horizontal impact test set-up QCJ. The dynamic measurement system based on Odyssey data acquisition system to gain stress is set up. Introducing the dynamics parameter a and the kinematics parameter t into the design of impact machine, a new conceptual design method of the percussive drill is developed by means of mixing kinematics and kinetics. YST-25 full-hydraulic pressure hammer drill with supporting leg has been designed and manufactured based on above approach.
引文
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