火电厂生产过程的优化管理模型及控制策略
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摘要
优化火电厂的生产过程、合理控制生产环节中的能源消耗,对火电厂节能降耗具有重要的现实意义。本文在系统分析火电厂主要生产过程的基础上,获得了各个生产环节中影响节能降耗的主要因素;针对燃料系统、制粉系统、主要辅机设备、火电厂运行和水务系统等,制定了相应的节能措施和控制策略;提出了湿蒸汽区抽汽焓及低压缸排汽焓动态在线计算新模型;导出了辅助汽水流量变化对煤耗率影响的强度矩阵;建立了火电厂生产过程的优化管理模型。这为火电厂热力系统的节能分析计算和在线监测提供了新的理论基础。
It is of great realistic significance to optimize production process and control energy consumption for production segment in thermal power plants. Analyzing systematically main production processes of thermal power plant, the present paper got main factors which impact energy saving and consumption reduction, developed the appropriate energy-saving measures and control strategies as developing fuel management, energy-saving controlling of pulverizing system, and frequency conversion of the main auxiliary equipment, optimizing operation of thermal power plants, water management and so on. In this paper, online model for calculating extraction and exhaust enthalpy of low pressure cylinder in wet steam district was proposed, the intensity matrix for auxiliary steam-water was established, and optimization management model of production process in thermal power plants was established. What is more, it provides new theoretic base for thermal dynamic energy-economized analysis and online supervision of thermal power plants.
It is of great realistic significance to optimize production process and control energy consumption for production segment in thermal power plants. Analyzing systematically main production processes of thermal power plant, the present paper got main factors which impact energy saving and consumption reduction, developed the appropriate energy-saving measures and control strategies as developing fuel management, energy-saving controlling of pulverizing system, and frequency conversion of the main auxiliary equipment, optimizing operation of thermal power plants, water management and so on. In this paper, online model for calculating extraction and exhaust enthalpy of low pressure cylinder in wet steam district was proposed, the intensity matrix for auxiliary steam-water was established, and optimization management model of production process in thermal power plants was established. What is more, it provides new theoretic base for thermal dynamic energy-economized analysis and online supervision of thermal power plants.
引文
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[51] Cheng-lin Niu,Xi-ning Yu,Jian-qiang Li.Application of Operation Optimization Decision Support System Based on Data Mining in Power Plant.2005 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics,Guangzhou,2005,Vol.3:1830-1834
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[53] Jian-qiang Li, Ji-zhen Liu.The Research and Application of Data Mining inPower Plant Operation Optimization.2005 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics,Guangzhou,2005,Vol.3:1642-1647
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[2] 全国发电机组技术协作会.2006 年全国火电机组竞赛指标统计发布.中国电力企业管理,2007,(1):84
[3] 陆延昌.21 世纪初中国电力工业展望.中国电力,2000,33(7):1-8
[4] 国家电力公司编著.2001 中国电力市场分析与研究.北京:中国电力出版社,2001
[5] Epri. Current fossil fuel power plant performance monitoring, Practices, EL-3339. Research project 1732-2, 1984, 1
[6] R.C.Rittenhouse. Diagnostics for operation, maintenance and upgrading. Power Engineering, 1986, 5
[7] I.J.King. Plant diagnostics relies on AI transmissions from remote site. Power, 1988, 12
[8] F.Frananco, M.Oriati and A.Serventi. Development, customization, installation of PERFEXS: A power plant performance diagnostics expert system. Proceedings of the conference on expert systems applications for the electric power industry, 1991
[9] R.P.Papilla and E.J.Sugay. SMOP:Smart operator’s adi for power plant optimization. Proceedings of the conference on expert systems applications for the electric power industry, 1991
[10] 倪维斗,夏朝阳,王民汉.循环流化床锅炉状态监测与故障诊断专家系统CFBBEXPTS 的模糊知识表示.动力工程,1998,18(1):1-5
[11] 胡华进.火电机组性能监测问题的研究:[博士学位论文].南京:东南大学,1998
[12] 曹先常.火电机组热力系统能损分析与在线监测及指导系统:[硕士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学,2000
[13] 任浩仁,盛德仁.汽轮机在线性能计算中排汽焓的确定.动力工程,1998,18(6):1-4
[14] 司风琪,叶斌,胡华进,等.汽轮机低压缸效率的改进算法.动力工程,1999,19(4):297-299
[15] 郭江龙,张树芳,陈海平.基于 BP 神经网络的汽轮机排汽焓在线计算方法.热能动力工程,2004,19(2):179-181
[16] 周留坤.300MW 火力发电机组热经济性在线分析:[硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学,2006
[17] 韩中合,杨昆.凝汽式汽轮机排汽焓的简便算法与误差分析.汽轮机技术,2006,48(3):167-170
[18] 陈五银,张雨飞.等效焓降扩展算法的比较和联合应用.汽轮机技术,2005,47(4):263-265
[19] 林万超.火电厂热系统节能理论.西安:西安交通大学出版社,1994
[20] 崔映红,张春发,丁千玲.汽轮机排汽焓的在线计算及末级的变工况特性.汽轮机技术,2002,44(3):171-173
[21] 郭江龙,张树芳,宋之平.火电厂热力系统辅助成分能损分析与计算方法.汽轮机技术,2003,45(4):214-216
[22] 唐烂芳.新形势下华能岳阳电厂燃料管理研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:清华大学,2004
[23] 陈丽霞.电厂燃煤的安全贮存管理.工业安全与环保,2006,32(2):61-63
[24] 罗卫红.优化配煤应用于燃煤电厂的燃烧试验研究.动力工程,2003,23(6):2836-2839
[25] 罗子湛.基于系统辨识的中储式制粉系统运行优化:[硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学,2004
[26] 张正坤,徐立东,周臻.钢球磨煤机制粉系统的经济运行分析.中国电力,2003,36(3):17-19
[27] 朱明.基于振动频谱分析的球磨机存煤量测控与优化:[硕士学位论文].南京:东南大学,2004
[28] 刘仲宏,李攀.国产 300MW 机组锅炉制粉系统安全经济运行分析.四川电力技术,2005,(1):32-33
[29] Yi gen-zeng. Multivariate statistical analysis of vibration signals from industrial scale ball grinding. Minerals engineering, 1995, (8):389-399
[30] 孙广林.钢球磨煤机制粉系统电耗高原因分析及解决措施.东北电力技术,2006,(8):42-44
[31] 赵新木,王承亮,吕俊复,等.基于BP神经网络的煤粉锅炉飞灰含碳量研究. 热能动力工程,2005,20(2):158-162
[32] 叶学民,彭波.燃煤电站锅炉飞灰含碳量偏高的原因分析与解决措施.锅炉技术,2004,35(3):49-51、58
[33] 李军红.降低回转式空气预热器漏风率的技术措施.中国电力,2004,37(9):73-76
[34] 闫顺林,李永华,周兰欣.电站锅炉排烟温度升高原因的归类分析.中国电力,2000,33(6):20-22
[35] 蒋寻寒,张学霖,刘安堂,等.国内大型火电机组汽轮机的节能技术方向.汽轮机技术,2002,44(5):257-259、263
[36] 崔力.变频器在火电厂辅机节能改造中存在的问题和改进建议.电工技术杂志,2002,(9):33-37
[37] 吴敬儒,陈剑波.我国电力工业发展规划问题.中国电力,2005,38(9):11-14
[38] 闫顺林,李永华,张春发.火电机组热力系统汽水分布通用矩阵方程.中国电机工程学报,2000,20(8):69-82
[39] 郭江龙,张树芳,陈海平.火电机组排汽焓在线计算方法的研究.发电设备,2001,(6):11-14
[40] 盛德仁,陈坚红,李蔚,等.等效焓降法理论剖析与扩展.浙江大学学报,2004,38(3):347-350
[41] 曹丽华,李勇,赵会刚.汽轮机相对内效率两种定义方法物理意义上的等价性分析.汽轮机技术,2004,46(4):278-280
[42] 闫顺林,王俊有,李太兴,等.汽轮机低压缸排汽焓在线计算新模型的研究及应用.华东电力,2007,35(4):84-86
[43] 高俊如,丁光彬,孟鑫,等.利用层次径向基神经网络的汽轮机排汽焓计算.动力工程,2005,25(4):466-468
[44] 郑体宽.热力发电厂.北京:水利电力出版社,1995:121-123
[45] 能源部西安热工研究所.热工技术手册(汽轮机组).北京:水利电力出版社,1991:83-86
[46] 李永华,闫顺林,王松岭.煤耗与辅助汽水流量的通用微分关系式.中国电机工程学报,2001,1(11):79-83
[47] 赵义学.电厂汽轮机设备及系统.北京:中国电力出版社,1998:277-287
[48] 陈进生.火电厂节水技术探讨.工业水处理,2003,23(1):73-75
[49] 王军.电站数据仓库研究及其应用:[博士学位论文].南京:东南大学,2002
[50] 司风琪.电站性能在线监测中的数据检验和热力系统模型研究:[博士学位论文].南京:东南大学,2001
[51] Cheng-lin Niu,Xi-ning Yu,Jian-qiang Li.Application of Operation Optimization Decision Support System Based on Data Mining in Power Plant.2005 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics,Guangzhou,2005,Vol.3:1830-1834
[52] 杨志平.火电机组性能监测与优化研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学,2003
[53] Jian-qiang Li, Ji-zhen Liu.The Research and Application of Data Mining inPower Plant Operation Optimization.2005 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics,Guangzhou,2005,Vol.3:1642-1647
[54] 仁浩仁,李蔚,盛德仁,等.火电机组变工况下运行指标应达值的分析.中国电机工程学报,1999,19(9):50-52、56
[55] 黄道友.300MW 机组运行优化管理及应用研究:[硕士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学,2000
[56] 李蔚,刘长东,盛德仁,等.国内火电厂运行优化系统的现状和发展方向.电站系统工程,2004,20(1):59-61
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