南海张力腿平台优化选型研究
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摘要
随着全球海洋石油工业不断向深海发展,我国南海深水油气开发日益受到关注。传统移动式平台的运动性能已经难以满足深水作业的要求,固定式及自重式平台的自重和工程造价又随着水深的增加而显著增大。因此,作为适应深海采油的新型平台——张力腿平台在国内外深水油气开发中得到广泛应用。
首先,本文根据张力腿平台的结构特点、总体分类及国内外发展研究动态,确定选择比较的三种平台型式:传统式张力腿平台、延伸式张力腿平台及迷你海星式张力腿平台;然后,选取相同的环境条件、相同的平台上体重量与本体重量比值系数及相同的锚泊系统等前提条件;最后,运用DNV开发的船舶与海洋工程软件SESAM/ WADAM水动力模块计算在南海1500米水深波浪载荷条件下,创新性地横向比较三种型式张力腿平台的动力响应传递函数及平台响应长期预报幅值。分析了这三种平台各自的运动性能及优缺点,得出我国南海深水自主研发张力腿平台时,可以考虑采用延伸式张力腿平台的结构型式或者在此基础上向平台主体重量更轻的方向拓展。
本文的工作为我国向南海深水海域开发油气资源选用何种型式张力腿平台提供最优的选型方案,进而为我国南海深海张力腿平台自主研发及结构型式创新提供一定的帮助。
With the rapid development of global offshore oil to the deep sea, the exploitation of South China Sea has been paid more attention. The motion performances of traditional mobile platforms can not meet the requirements of deep sea operations. Besides that, fixed and dead load platforms will increase their weight and the project cost significantly with the increasing operating water depth. Therefore as the new deep-sea oil production platform adapt to the deep sea-Tension Leg Plat -form (TLP) in the deepwater oil and gas development at home and abroad has been widely used.
First, according to the structural characteristics and the overall classification of tension leg platforms, this paper decides to choose three types: Classic TLP, Extended TLP and Mini Seastar TLP. And then, this paper sets these three types in the same environmental conditions, the same weight ratio coefficient and the same mooring systems to compare their motion performances. At last, this paper uses the hydrodynamic calculation software WADAM of DNV/SESAM to calculate these three TLP’s dynamic response transfer function and long-term prediction of motion response in the 1,500 meters’deep-water of South China Sea creatively to make analysis of their motion performances and compare their advantages and disadvantages. We get the conclution: the Extended TLP is the optimized model type in the 1,500 meters’deep-water of South China Sea, and we can develop it into the new type with less weight.
In a word, this paper will afford some references for our country to make research independently in the optimized selection and structure innovation of TLP forms in deep water of South China Sea perfectly.
首先,本文根据张力腿平台的结构特点、总体分类及国内外发展研究动态,确定选择比较的三种平台型式:传统式张力腿平台、延伸式张力腿平台及迷你海星式张力腿平台;然后,选取相同的环境条件、相同的平台上体重量与本体重量比值系数及相同的锚泊系统等前提条件;最后,运用DNV开发的船舶与海洋工程软件SESAM/ WADAM水动力模块计算在南海1500米水深波浪载荷条件下,创新性地横向比较三种型式张力腿平台的动力响应传递函数及平台响应长期预报幅值。分析了这三种平台各自的运动性能及优缺点,得出我国南海深水自主研发张力腿平台时,可以考虑采用延伸式张力腿平台的结构型式或者在此基础上向平台主体重量更轻的方向拓展。
本文的工作为我国向南海深水海域开发油气资源选用何种型式张力腿平台提供最优的选型方案,进而为我国南海深海张力腿平台自主研发及结构型式创新提供一定的帮助。
With the rapid development of global offshore oil to the deep sea, the exploitation of South China Sea has been paid more attention. The motion performances of traditional mobile platforms can not meet the requirements of deep sea operations. Besides that, fixed and dead load platforms will increase their weight and the project cost significantly with the increasing operating water depth. Therefore as the new deep-sea oil production platform adapt to the deep sea-Tension Leg Plat -form (TLP) in the deepwater oil and gas development at home and abroad has been widely used.
First, according to the structural characteristics and the overall classification of tension leg platforms, this paper decides to choose three types: Classic TLP, Extended TLP and Mini Seastar TLP. And then, this paper sets these three types in the same environmental conditions, the same weight ratio coefficient and the same mooring systems to compare their motion performances. At last, this paper uses the hydrodynamic calculation software WADAM of DNV/SESAM to calculate these three TLP’s dynamic response transfer function and long-term prediction of motion response in the 1,500 meters’deep-water of South China Sea creatively to make analysis of their motion performances and compare their advantages and disadvantages. We get the conclution: the Extended TLP is the optimized model type in the 1,500 meters’deep-water of South China Sea, and we can develop it into the new type with less weight.
In a word, this paper will afford some references for our country to make research independently in the optimized selection and structure innovation of TLP forms in deep water of South China Sea perfectly.
引文
[1]金苗.延伸式张力腿平台结构总体概念设计及强度分析.硕士学位论文.大连理工大学
[2]李润培,谢永和,舒志.深海平台技术的研究现状和发展趋势.中国海洋平台,2003(3):l-5
[3]凌奇.小型张力腿平台—经济有效的深水开发手段.中国造船,2002,43(增)
[4]刘日明.张力腿平台的波频耦合动力响应分析.硕士学位论文,哈尔滨工程大学.2005,2
[5]张智,董艳秋,唐友刚,崔毅.1990年后世界TLP平台的发展状况.中国海洋平台,2004(2):5-11
[6]杨春晖,董艳秋.深海张力腿平台发展概况及其趋势.中国海洋平台,1997,12(6):1-59
[7]于皓,周延东,李欣.张力腿平台的环境载荷及响应.中国造船,2007,11,336-338
[8]Subrata K. Chakrabarti., Handbook of offshore Engineering. Elsevier InternetHomepage
[9]董艳秋.深海采油平台波浪载荷及响应.天津大学出版社
[10]张大刚.深海油田的开发——当前国际应用及发展趋势[J].中国造船,2005,4(171):41-46
[11]Mercier J.A., Goldsmith R.G. et al. The Hutton TLP: a preliminary design European offshore petroleum conference and exhibition. Paper EUR 264,London Oct,1980
[12]潘子辉.深海半潜式钻井平台运动响应预报与分析.船舶,2008,2(1)
[13]胡志敏,董艳秋,张建民.张力腿平台水动力参数计算.海洋工程,2002,20(3)14-15
[14]胡志敏,董艳秋,张建民.张力腿平台波浪载荷计算.中国海洋平台,2002,17(3)
[15] B.J.Natvietal,ETeigen.Review ofhydrodynamic challenges in TLP Design.Intemaional Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,V01.3,No.4 December 1993.
[16]鲍莹斌,舒志,李润培.中等水深张力腿平台型式研究.海洋工程,2001
[17]曾晓辉,沈晓鹏,徐本和,等.张力腿平台的水动力及结构力学问题[J].中国造船,2003,44(增):429-433
[18]Kim,M.H.&Ran,Z.1994 Response of an articulated tower in waves and currents.International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering.Vbl.4.No.4.298-331
[19]邱强.船舶随机波浪载荷的理性预报方法.中国造船,2007,6(2),38
[20]滕斌,赵明,何广华.三维势流场的比例边界有限元求解方法.计算力学学报,2006,23(3)
[21]赵占军,郭程新.SESAM系统.大连船舶设计研究所
[22]DNV, SESAM User Manual HydroD Version 4.2, 2008
[23]“典型深水平台概念设计研究”课题组.张力腿平台水动力响应分析.中国造船,2005,46(增)
[24]孟祥斌.深水轻型单柱平台研究.上海交通大学
[25]任顺利,陈建民,梁艳霞.张力腿刚度对平台运动响应影响分析.石油矿场机械,2008(5):28-31
[26]谢彬,张爱霞,段梦兰.中国南海深水油气田开发工程模式及平台选型.石油学报,2007,1(1)1-2
[27]API RP 2T. Recommended Practice for Planning, Designing, and Constructing Ten-sion Leg Platforms.1985
[28]S.K.Bhattacharyya., S.Sreekumar., V.G. Idichandy., Coupled dynamics of SeaStar mini tension leg platform.Ocean Engineering 30(2003) 709–737
[29]Alves L.H.M. and Jacob B.P. et al., 1997. An Analysis Procedure for the Tendons of a Tension Leg Platform. In: Proceedings of the Seventh (1997)Internationa Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Honolulu, USA.
[30] Balint S.W., 1992. Design Loads for Sloshing in TLP Pontoon Tanks. In:Civil Engineering in the Oceans, v1. Pub1. By ASCE, New York, NY, USA.
[31]任贵永,海洋活动式平台,天津:天津大学出版社,1989,95-98
[32] DNV, OFFSHORE STANDARD DNV-OS-C105,2008
[33] DNV, SESAM User Manual GeniE Version 4.2, 2008
[34]Anitha Joseph V.G.Idichandy., Experimental and Numerical Study of Coupled Dynamic Response of a Mini Tension Leg Platform. Department of Ocean Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India.
[2]李润培,谢永和,舒志.深海平台技术的研究现状和发展趋势.中国海洋平台,2003(3):l-5
[3]凌奇.小型张力腿平台—经济有效的深水开发手段.中国造船,2002,43(增)
[4]刘日明.张力腿平台的波频耦合动力响应分析.硕士学位论文,哈尔滨工程大学.2005,2
[5]张智,董艳秋,唐友刚,崔毅.1990年后世界TLP平台的发展状况.中国海洋平台,2004(2):5-11
[6]杨春晖,董艳秋.深海张力腿平台发展概况及其趋势.中国海洋平台,1997,12(6):1-59
[7]于皓,周延东,李欣.张力腿平台的环境载荷及响应.中国造船,2007,11,336-338
[8]Subrata K. Chakrabarti., Handbook of offshore Engineering. Elsevier InternetHomepage
[9]董艳秋.深海采油平台波浪载荷及响应.天津大学出版社
[10]张大刚.深海油田的开发——当前国际应用及发展趋势[J].中国造船,2005,4(171):41-46
[11]Mercier J.A., Goldsmith R.G. et al. The Hutton TLP: a preliminary design European offshore petroleum conference and exhibition. Paper EUR 264,London Oct,1980
[12]潘子辉.深海半潜式钻井平台运动响应预报与分析.船舶,2008,2(1)
[13]胡志敏,董艳秋,张建民.张力腿平台水动力参数计算.海洋工程,2002,20(3)14-15
[14]胡志敏,董艳秋,张建民.张力腿平台波浪载荷计算.中国海洋平台,2002,17(3)
[15] B.J.Natvietal,ETeigen.Review ofhydrodynamic challenges in TLP Design.Intemaional Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,V01.3,No.4 December 1993.
[16]鲍莹斌,舒志,李润培.中等水深张力腿平台型式研究.海洋工程,2001
[17]曾晓辉,沈晓鹏,徐本和,等.张力腿平台的水动力及结构力学问题[J].中国造船,2003,44(增):429-433
[18]Kim,M.H.&Ran,Z.1994 Response of an articulated tower in waves and currents.International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering.Vbl.4.No.4.298-331
[19]邱强.船舶随机波浪载荷的理性预报方法.中国造船,2007,6(2),38
[20]滕斌,赵明,何广华.三维势流场的比例边界有限元求解方法.计算力学学报,2006,23(3)
[21]赵占军,郭程新.SESAM系统.大连船舶设计研究所
[22]DNV, SESAM User Manual HydroD Version 4.2, 2008
[23]“典型深水平台概念设计研究”课题组.张力腿平台水动力响应分析.中国造船,2005,46(增)
[24]孟祥斌.深水轻型单柱平台研究.上海交通大学
[25]任顺利,陈建民,梁艳霞.张力腿刚度对平台运动响应影响分析.石油矿场机械,2008(5):28-31
[26]谢彬,张爱霞,段梦兰.中国南海深水油气田开发工程模式及平台选型.石油学报,2007,1(1)1-2
[27]API RP 2T. Recommended Practice for Planning, Designing, and Constructing Ten-sion Leg Platforms.1985
[28]S.K.Bhattacharyya., S.Sreekumar., V.G. Idichandy., Coupled dynamics of SeaStar mini tension leg platform.Ocean Engineering 30(2003) 709–737
[29]Alves L.H.M. and Jacob B.P. et al., 1997. An Analysis Procedure for the Tendons of a Tension Leg Platform. In: Proceedings of the Seventh (1997)Internationa Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Honolulu, USA.
[30] Balint S.W., 1992. Design Loads for Sloshing in TLP Pontoon Tanks. In:Civil Engineering in the Oceans, v1. Pub1. By ASCE, New York, NY, USA.
[31]任贵永,海洋活动式平台,天津:天津大学出版社,1989,95-98
[32] DNV, OFFSHORE STANDARD DNV-OS-C105,2008
[33] DNV, SESAM User Manual GeniE Version 4.2, 2008
[34]Anitha Joseph V.G.Idichandy., Experimental and Numerical Study of Coupled Dynamic Response of a Mini Tension Leg Platform. Department of Ocean Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India.