水平定向钻机分工况作业规律及其控制策略研究
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摘要
论文主要介绍了水平定向钻机施工技术,国内外发展现状以及水平定向钻作业系统,在此基础上建立钻具组合的力学模型并分析了钻进作业规律,同时在分工况控制方面做了一定的探讨。
在研究作业规律时,首先阐述了水平定向钻进技术的工作特点和轨迹造斜的原理,根据水平定向钻杆的结构和它在工作过程中的受力特点,在做一些合理假设的基础上简化钻具组合工作时的模型,应用三弯矩原理和材料力学的相关知识建立钻具组合的力学模型并进行了有限元仿真,分析了钻进作业规律。
在钻进作业规律的基础上,结合当前相关领域分工况控制的发展现状,对水平定向钻机进行了分工况控制策略研究,利用Matlab软件对所建立的分工况控制系统进行了PID控制仿真研究。
论文研究结果表明:对水平定向钻机采用分工况控制能提高发动机和负载的匹配性,能够实现工况模式下变量泵的恒功率输出,充分发挥发动机的功率,为解决水平定向钻机节能难题和关键技术提供了一种新的途径和方式。
HDD(Horizontal Directional Drilling)is a new type of construction equipment combining oil industry directional drilling technology and traditional pipeline construction methods, as one of the most dynamic construction techniques, it has many advantages such as accuracy-oriented, environmentally-friendly, high efficiency. The use of Horizontal Directional Drilling technology across the river can save a large number of human and material resources, improve the work efficiency, reduce the comprehensive cost, so there are broad prospects for the development.
When HDD is working, the drill suffers complex loads, taking into account the drill pipe works in the soil,and we can not see the status of its work, so it is essential to simulate and analysis the drill pipe forces for the latter to improve and optimize the structure and this technology. "Energy saving" has become the world's industrial development in the direction of an important, major companies regard the "energy-saving technology" as a key development goal of science and technology to improve the overall performance of their products and competitiveness in the world market. In this paper, taking into account the horizontal directional drilling at home and abroad and the development of the status quo, this paper will do some work on the operating rules and various work condition control strategy, major works are as follows:
1 Drill assembly(combined drill pipe and drill bit) is an important component and it is the key to the whole part of the operating system. This article describes the composition of the operating system HDD, with a focus on the structure of the host system. Using CATIA to make 3D model of the bit, discussed the principle of beveled hole,get the mechanical equationon and analysis its impact on the drilling trajectory.
2 Based on three-moment principles, under the premise of some reasonable assumptions,using the vertical and horizontal bending methods to set up the mechanical equation of drill pipe. According to the projections of the mathematical model, using Ansys to solve the results of finite element simulation of static load and summary the working rules of drilling at the time.
3 HDD often works in a variety of different conditions, combined with the current situation of division of the status at home and abroad,make adivisions of labor on the status of HDD, in the basis of power matching,design four power modes for different stage. Considering the operating rules,this paper research on the various work condition control strategy, use the module of Simulink in Matlab to analysis simulation of the system.
Through the research and analysis above-mentioned, we can draw the following major conclusions:
1 After the horizontal directional drilling stem with connections deforms restricted by the hole under the action of axial stress,the maximum stress is located at the joint. With the increasing of the drilling stem connection diameter,the maximum bending stress in the drilling stem and the vertical deformation of the drilling stem will decrease accordingly. And the critical load of initial buckling of the drilling stem with connection is bigger than the one without connection. When the drilling stem connection diameter increases, the critical stress of initial buckling will increase too,which indicates that buckling can be restricted and frictional resistance will decrease. So the drilling effect will be raised and the life of the drilling stem will be prolonged if the connection diameter increases..
2 The Ansys simulation results show that maximum stress of drill pipe is in the scope of bend,and the working rules of drilling can be served as a basis for the various work condition control.
3 In the basis of the frontal estimated mechanical model, through simulation analysis shows that after the simulation of stability and dynamic response characteristics for various work condition control system, we can get relatively satisfied performance indicators,this system has good practicality,it can make engine rapidly achieve a stable speed, reduce the speed fluctuation, played a good effect on energy-saving to some extent,and it is useful for HDD to improve its power and economy.
在研究作业规律时,首先阐述了水平定向钻进技术的工作特点和轨迹造斜的原理,根据水平定向钻杆的结构和它在工作过程中的受力特点,在做一些合理假设的基础上简化钻具组合工作时的模型,应用三弯矩原理和材料力学的相关知识建立钻具组合的力学模型并进行了有限元仿真,分析了钻进作业规律。
在钻进作业规律的基础上,结合当前相关领域分工况控制的发展现状,对水平定向钻机进行了分工况控制策略研究,利用Matlab软件对所建立的分工况控制系统进行了PID控制仿真研究。
论文研究结果表明:对水平定向钻机采用分工况控制能提高发动机和负载的匹配性,能够实现工况模式下变量泵的恒功率输出,充分发挥发动机的功率,为解决水平定向钻机节能难题和关键技术提供了一种新的途径和方式。
HDD(Horizontal Directional Drilling)is a new type of construction equipment combining oil industry directional drilling technology and traditional pipeline construction methods, as one of the most dynamic construction techniques, it has many advantages such as accuracy-oriented, environmentally-friendly, high efficiency. The use of Horizontal Directional Drilling technology across the river can save a large number of human and material resources, improve the work efficiency, reduce the comprehensive cost, so there are broad prospects for the development.
When HDD is working, the drill suffers complex loads, taking into account the drill pipe works in the soil,and we can not see the status of its work, so it is essential to simulate and analysis the drill pipe forces for the latter to improve and optimize the structure and this technology. "Energy saving" has become the world's industrial development in the direction of an important, major companies regard the "energy-saving technology" as a key development goal of science and technology to improve the overall performance of their products and competitiveness in the world market. In this paper, taking into account the horizontal directional drilling at home and abroad and the development of the status quo, this paper will do some work on the operating rules and various work condition control strategy, major works are as follows:
1 Drill assembly(combined drill pipe and drill bit) is an important component and it is the key to the whole part of the operating system. This article describes the composition of the operating system HDD, with a focus on the structure of the host system. Using CATIA to make 3D model of the bit, discussed the principle of beveled hole,get the mechanical equationon and analysis its impact on the drilling trajectory.
2 Based on three-moment principles, under the premise of some reasonable assumptions,using the vertical and horizontal bending methods to set up the mechanical equation of drill pipe. According to the projections of the mathematical model, using Ansys to solve the results of finite element simulation of static load and summary the working rules of drilling at the time.
3 HDD often works in a variety of different conditions, combined with the current situation of division of the status at home and abroad,make adivisions of labor on the status of HDD, in the basis of power matching,design four power modes for different stage. Considering the operating rules,this paper research on the various work condition control strategy, use the module of Simulink in Matlab to analysis simulation of the system.
Through the research and analysis above-mentioned, we can draw the following major conclusions:
1 After the horizontal directional drilling stem with connections deforms restricted by the hole under the action of axial stress,the maximum stress is located at the joint. With the increasing of the drilling stem connection diameter,the maximum bending stress in the drilling stem and the vertical deformation of the drilling stem will decrease accordingly. And the critical load of initial buckling of the drilling stem with connection is bigger than the one without connection. When the drilling stem connection diameter increases, the critical stress of initial buckling will increase too,which indicates that buckling can be restricted and frictional resistance will decrease. So the drilling effect will be raised and the life of the drilling stem will be prolonged if the connection diameter increases..
2 The Ansys simulation results show that maximum stress of drill pipe is in the scope of bend,and the working rules of drilling can be served as a basis for the various work condition control.
3 In the basis of the frontal estimated mechanical model, through simulation analysis shows that after the simulation of stability and dynamic response characteristics for various work condition control system, we can get relatively satisfied performance indicators,this system has good practicality,it can make engine rapidly achieve a stable speed, reduce the speed fluctuation, played a good effect on energy-saving to some extent,and it is useful for HDD to improve its power and economy.
引文
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[6]国香恩,赵丁选,尚涛等.模糊控制在液压挖掘机节能中的应用[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2004,34(2):217-221.
[7]张红彦,郑午,尚涛等.国内外全液压钻机节能控制系统发展趋势[J].矿业工程,2004,6:43-45.
[8]张东辉,尹振羽,何亚丽.水平定向钻机在燃气管道铺设工程中的应用[J].煤炭技术,2008(1):132-133.
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[11]李凯.非开挖设计与施工技术简介[J].科技信息,2007(22):446.
[12]张忠海,杨满江,张启君.水平定向钻机及施工工艺[J].设计研究,2004,1:61-62.
[13]颜纯文,蒋国盛,叶建良.非开挖铺设地下管线工程技术[M].上海:上海科技出版社,2005,1:6-8.
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