江苏省沛县姜梨园铁矿给排水系统研究
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摘要
矿山给水排水是矿床采选工程安全、顺利生产的基本保障条件之一,在给排水系统相对独立的中小型矿山,矿坑涌水往往是生产用水的重要水源。在这类给排水系统设计中,矿坑涌水量预测,不仅关系到矿床开采生产安全和矿山给水安全,而且关系到矿山与周边环境之间的水交换。以江苏省沛县姜梨园铁矿为例,基于矿坑涌水量预测开展矿山给排水系统研究,以求在充分利用矿坑涌水资源的前提下,为生产给水安全和合理排水规模设计,提供技术依据。
姜梨园铁矿是一水文地质条件复杂的小型铁矿,古生代碳酸盐岩裂隙岩溶水和上覆新生界松散孔隙水,构成矿床的直接充水水源。在现有的勘查成果的基础上,结合矿山巷道开采设计方案,建立水文地质概念模型和相应的地下水流数值模拟模型;利用数值模拟模型,对矿山开采条件下的矿坑涌水量及其变化过程进行预测、评价;将矿坑涌水量及其变化过程与矿山开发利用的合理用水量相结合,确定在正常工况条件给水与配水方案、非正常工况条件下的排水方式与规模。
鉴于矿坑涌水量预测存在较大的不确定性,在分析并确定影响矿坑涌水量的主要水文地质参数的基础上,依据勘察中的相关成果,利用MC算法计算参数分布频率,结合数值模拟模型的预测结果,评价矿坑涌水量预测值的风险率,为第二水源设计提供依据。
Mine supply and drainage water is one of the basic security conditions for deposit mining engineering for safe and smooth production. For water supply and drainage systems in small and medium sized independent mining,pit flow is often an important source of production water.For drainage system in such a design, prediction mine water, has not only relationship between the production of safe deposit exploitation and mining water safety, but also relationship to the mining and water exchange between the surrounding environment.Take the Jiang Liyuan iron ore(Pei Country, Jiangsu Province)for example,based on mine water system to carry out mine drainage and mine with a view to making full use of the premise of water resources,technical basis is provided for the production of drainage water supply safety and reasonable size of the design.
Jiang Liyuan iron ore is a complex hydrogeological conditions of small iron ore,Paleozoic Carbonate karst fissure water ,pore water overlying Mesozoic and Cenozoic loose,form a direct deposit filling water.Based on the current survey results and the combination of mine tunnel exploitation of design, hydrogeological conceptual model and the corresponding numerical simulation model of groundwater flow were established;using numerical simulation model,on the conditions of the mining mine water and the change process were predicted and evaluated;Mine water and the change process were combined with the rational development and utilization of mine water,and water supply and water distribution programs were determined to normal operating conditions,the scale of the drainage way. was determined to non-normal operation conditions.
In view of mine water there is a big uncertainty in the analysis and determination.Based on analyzing and determining hydrogeological parameters and according to the related survey results,MC algorithm was used to calculate frequency distribution of parameters,combining with the numerical simulation model prediction, evaluating the risk of mine water,and the basis was provided for the design of the second water source.
姜梨园铁矿是一水文地质条件复杂的小型铁矿,古生代碳酸盐岩裂隙岩溶水和上覆新生界松散孔隙水,构成矿床的直接充水水源。在现有的勘查成果的基础上,结合矿山巷道开采设计方案,建立水文地质概念模型和相应的地下水流数值模拟模型;利用数值模拟模型,对矿山开采条件下的矿坑涌水量及其变化过程进行预测、评价;将矿坑涌水量及其变化过程与矿山开发利用的合理用水量相结合,确定在正常工况条件给水与配水方案、非正常工况条件下的排水方式与规模。
鉴于矿坑涌水量预测存在较大的不确定性,在分析并确定影响矿坑涌水量的主要水文地质参数的基础上,依据勘察中的相关成果,利用MC算法计算参数分布频率,结合数值模拟模型的预测结果,评价矿坑涌水量预测值的风险率,为第二水源设计提供依据。
Mine supply and drainage water is one of the basic security conditions for deposit mining engineering for safe and smooth production. For water supply and drainage systems in small and medium sized independent mining,pit flow is often an important source of production water.For drainage system in such a design, prediction mine water, has not only relationship between the production of safe deposit exploitation and mining water safety, but also relationship to the mining and water exchange between the surrounding environment.Take the Jiang Liyuan iron ore(Pei Country, Jiangsu Province)for example,based on mine water system to carry out mine drainage and mine with a view to making full use of the premise of water resources,technical basis is provided for the production of drainage water supply safety and reasonable size of the design.
Jiang Liyuan iron ore is a complex hydrogeological conditions of small iron ore,Paleozoic Carbonate karst fissure water ,pore water overlying Mesozoic and Cenozoic loose,form a direct deposit filling water.Based on the current survey results and the combination of mine tunnel exploitation of design, hydrogeological conceptual model and the corresponding numerical simulation model of groundwater flow were established;using numerical simulation model,on the conditions of the mining mine water and the change process were predicted and evaluated;Mine water and the change process were combined with the rational development and utilization of mine water,and water supply and water distribution programs were determined to normal operating conditions,the scale of the drainage way. was determined to non-normal operation conditions.
In view of mine water there is a big uncertainty in the analysis and determination.Based on analyzing and determining hydrogeological parameters and according to the related survey results,MC algorithm was used to calculate frequency distribution of parameters,combining with the numerical simulation model prediction, evaluating the risk of mine water,and the basis was provided for the design of the second water source.
引文
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[21]张自杰,林容忱,金儒霖.排水工程[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1999
[22]严煦世,范瑾初.给水工程[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1999
[23]于宗宝,刘少敏.建筑设备工程[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005
[24]王方东.普通浓缩沉淀法处理选矿废水的技术改进[J].节能环保,2006,(5):30-32
[25]程坤,张宗华,杨琳琳.铁矿尾矿水处理回收再利用的试验研究[J].矿冶,2006,15(1):22-23.
[26]阳军生,刘宝探.抽水地面沉降预计的随机介质模型[J].水文地质工程地质,1999,(5):11-1
[27]刘绿柳,金爱善,卞建民.带权GM (0, h)模型在地下水开采一地面沉降研究中的应用[J].世界地质,2003,19(1):57-60
[28]张云,薛禹群.抽水地面沉降数学模型的研究现状与展望[J]中国地质灾害与防治学报,2002,13(2):1-7
[29] Bjerrum L. Engineering geology of Norwegian normally consolidation marine clays as related to the settlement of building[J].Geotechnique,1967,17(12):81-118.
[30]彭怀生,古德生等.矿床无废开发的规划与评价[M].冶金工业出版社,2001.
[31] E.J.Sides.Geological modeling of mineral deposits for prediction in mining[J].Geol Rundsch,1997,86:342-353.
[32] M.Olias, J.C.Ceron, I.Fernandez, J.Delarosa. Distribution of rare earth elements in alluvial aquifer affected by acid mine drainage-the Guadiamar aquifer(SW Spain)[J].Environmental Pollution,2005,135:53-64.
[33]杨成田.专门水文地质学.北京:地质出版社,1981.
[34]孙抐正.地下水流的数学模型和数值方法[M].地质出版社.1981.
[35]丁继红,周德亮,马出忠.国外地下水模拟软件的发展现状与趋势[J].勘察科学技术.2002(1).
[36]郑世书等,专门水文地质学[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,1999.
[37]许广明,张燕君.低渗透性含水层矿坑涌水量预测.中国科学技术大学学报[Z],2004, 34: 280- 285.
[38]叶艳妹.矿井涌水量预测研究现状[J].地质科技管理.1991(3).
[39]房佩贤,卫中鼎,廖资生.专门水文地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1996,245-250.
[40]薛禹群.地下水动力学原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1986
[41]薛禹群,朱学愚.地下水动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1979.
[42]金光炎.水文水资源随机模拟[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1993
[43]盛骤,谢式千,潘承毅.概率论与数理统计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1989
[44]束龙仓,朱元生,孙庆义等.地下水允许开采量确定的风险分析[J].水利学报,2000,(3):77-81
[45]刘佩贵.地下水开采的风险率估算模型及应用[D].南京:河海大学,2008
[46]文宏展.可靠性分析在确定地下水允许开采量中的应用[J].地下水,2002,24(2):103-104
[47]刘佩贵,束龙仓,王雪等.矿坑排水对地下水水源地供水安全影响分析[J].水文,2007, 27(5):55-57.
[48] GB50013-2006,室外给水设计规范[G].
[49] GB8978-1996,污水综合排放标准[G]
[50]中国科学院计算中心概率统计组.概率统计计算.北京:科学出版社[M],1979.
[51]姜树海,范子武,吴时强.洪灾风险评估和防洪安全决策[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005:1-163.
[52]束龙仓,CHEN Xun-hong.美国内布拉斯加州普拉特河河床沉积物渗透系数现场测定[J].水科学进展.2002,13(5):629-633.
[2]程胜高,张聪辰.环境影响评价与环境规划[M].中国环境科学出版社,1999
[3]冯绍元.环境水利学[M].中国农业出版社,2007.
[4]房明惠.环境水文学[M].中国科学技术大学出版社, 2009.
[5]曲向荣环境学概论[M].北京大学出版社,2009.
[6]王国强,李瑛霞等.安徽省地下水水资源特征与水环境问题[J].自然资源学报,2002,17(2):234-339.
[7]黄平路,陈从新,肖国峰,林健.复杂地质条件下矿山地下开采地表变形规律的研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(10) :3020-3024.
[8]张爱恒,马传明,付路宁,颜泽.矿山疏干排水引起岩溶地区致塌机理分析与预测[J].中国煤炭地质,2008,20(2) :32-35.
[9]谭昌明,谭其中,李辉.四川广旺煤矿区地质环境问题与对策[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2007,18(3) :70-76.
[10]张林生.韶关市矿山地质环境问题及对策[J].安全与环境工程2009,16(6) :11-14.
[11]武强.我国矿山环境地质问题类型划分研究[J] .水文地质工程地质,2003,(5):107- 111.
[12]汤中立,李小虎,焦建刚,等.矿山地质环境问题及防治对策[J].地球科学与环境学报,2005 ,27 (2):3.
[13]徐友宁.矿山环境地质与地质环境[J].西北地质,2005,38 (4):111-112.
[14]刘爱华,彭述权,李夕兵,陈红江.深部开采承压突水机制相似物理模型试验系统研制及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7)1335-1341.
[15]叶贵钧,张道,论中国岩溶充水煤矿特征和排供结合[J],煤田地质与勘探,1988(4):33-38.
[16]谭绩文,邵爱军,北方岩溶水盆地排供结合研究的前景分析[J],河北地质学院学报1986,9(3-4):347-358.
[17]辛奎德,余霖,试论我国北方岩溶大水矿床的排供结合,水文地质与工程地质[J],1986(3):1-3.
[18]李铎.煤矿区排水、供水、环保结合优化管理[M],北京中国矿业大学,2003(5).
[19]林学钰,廖资生等.地下水管理,北京地质出版社[M], 1995.
[20]严煦世,刘遂庆.给水排水管网系统[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[21]张自杰,林容忱,金儒霖.排水工程[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1999
[22]严煦世,范瑾初.给水工程[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1999
[23]于宗宝,刘少敏.建筑设备工程[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005
[24]王方东.普通浓缩沉淀法处理选矿废水的技术改进[J].节能环保,2006,(5):30-32
[25]程坤,张宗华,杨琳琳.铁矿尾矿水处理回收再利用的试验研究[J].矿冶,2006,15(1):22-23.
[26]阳军生,刘宝探.抽水地面沉降预计的随机介质模型[J].水文地质工程地质,1999,(5):11-1
[27]刘绿柳,金爱善,卞建民.带权GM (0, h)模型在地下水开采一地面沉降研究中的应用[J].世界地质,2003,19(1):57-60
[28]张云,薛禹群.抽水地面沉降数学模型的研究现状与展望[J]中国地质灾害与防治学报,2002,13(2):1-7
[29] Bjerrum L. Engineering geology of Norwegian normally consolidation marine clays as related to the settlement of building[J].Geotechnique,1967,17(12):81-118.
[30]彭怀生,古德生等.矿床无废开发的规划与评价[M].冶金工业出版社,2001.
[31] E.J.Sides.Geological modeling of mineral deposits for prediction in mining[J].Geol Rundsch,1997,86:342-353.
[32] M.Olias, J.C.Ceron, I.Fernandez, J.Delarosa. Distribution of rare earth elements in alluvial aquifer affected by acid mine drainage-the Guadiamar aquifer(SW Spain)[J].Environmental Pollution,2005,135:53-64.
[33]杨成田.专门水文地质学.北京:地质出版社,1981.
[34]孙抐正.地下水流的数学模型和数值方法[M].地质出版社.1981.
[35]丁继红,周德亮,马出忠.国外地下水模拟软件的发展现状与趋势[J].勘察科学技术.2002(1).
[36]郑世书等,专门水文地质学[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,1999.
[37]许广明,张燕君.低渗透性含水层矿坑涌水量预测.中国科学技术大学学报[Z],2004, 34: 280- 285.
[38]叶艳妹.矿井涌水量预测研究现状[J].地质科技管理.1991(3).
[39]房佩贤,卫中鼎,廖资生.专门水文地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1996,245-250.
[40]薛禹群.地下水动力学原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1986
[41]薛禹群,朱学愚.地下水动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1979.
[42]金光炎.水文水资源随机模拟[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1993
[43]盛骤,谢式千,潘承毅.概率论与数理统计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1989
[44]束龙仓,朱元生,孙庆义等.地下水允许开采量确定的风险分析[J].水利学报,2000,(3):77-81
[45]刘佩贵.地下水开采的风险率估算模型及应用[D].南京:河海大学,2008
[46]文宏展.可靠性分析在确定地下水允许开采量中的应用[J].地下水,2002,24(2):103-104
[47]刘佩贵,束龙仓,王雪等.矿坑排水对地下水水源地供水安全影响分析[J].水文,2007, 27(5):55-57.
[48] GB50013-2006,室外给水设计规范[G].
[49] GB8978-1996,污水综合排放标准[G]
[50]中国科学院计算中心概率统计组.概率统计计算.北京:科学出版社[M],1979.
[51]姜树海,范子武,吴时强.洪灾风险评估和防洪安全决策[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005:1-163.
[52]束龙仓,CHEN Xun-hong.美国内布拉斯加州普拉特河河床沉积物渗透系数现场测定[J].水科学进展.2002,13(5):629-633.