纳米材料DNF在油井水泥中的应用研究
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摘要
随着油气井勘探开发力度的加大,地质情况也发生了显著的变化,目前所使用的油井水泥在固井施工的局限性也日益突出。固井质量的优劣直接关系到油井寿命及油气采收率的高低,高固井质量是油田开发增产增效的有效途径。因此,使用纳米材料对油井水泥进行改性,提高水泥石的宏观性能并改善水泥石的微观形貌来提高油气井固井质量是十分必要。
水泥硬化浆体70%为纳米尺度的水化硅酸钙凝胶(C-S-H),存在着纳米级别的胶凝孔隙,依据颗粒级配理论得知纳米材料对油井水泥的改性存在客观上的可能性。通过室内试验研究,对纳米水泥浆体及纳米水泥石的各项性能指标进行检测,分析纳米材料对油井水泥的性能影响。纳米材料经过表面预处理,克服了混配性差,分散不均的缺点,在水泥中的最佳加量达到10%,此时,纳米材料水泥浆体系具有良好的流动性能、较低的失水量;纳米材料水泥石具有较高的抗压强度、较低的渗透率、良好的抗腐蚀性能,因此,纳米材料水泥浆体系具有良好的宏观性能。通过XRD、XRF、SEM实验发现纳米材料水泥石结构致密,孔隙率低,具有良好的微观形貌。纳米材料对油井水泥的改性克服了传统水泥的缺点,提高水泥物化性能,解决固井难题。
With oil wells exploration and development more intensified,geological condition has changed greatly. It is becoming more obvious that the current oil well cement limited to cementing operation. The cementing quality related directly to the life and recovery of Wells. In order to increase efficiency of oilfield,cementing quality must be developed. Therefore,it is very importent to increase cement stone macroscopical performance and improve cement paste microstructure by nano-materials to improve cementing quality.
70% of the cement hardened slurry is the nanoscale hydration calcium silicate gel(C-S-H). There exists a nanometer level of gelation pore,so nano-materials modified oil well cement existing objectively possibility based on particle gradation theory. Through the indoor experiment,the theme analysis the impact of nanometer materials on oil well cement performanceby testing the various performance of nanometer water slurry and nano cement paste. Through pretreating the nanometer material surface,the nanometer material overcomes differences of mixed default and dispersing uneven in slurry,making the added the nanometer material amount raised to 10% in cement. The nanometer materials slurry system has good flowing property and low water loss. Nano-materials cement has high compressive strength,low permeability and good corrosion resistance. Therefore nanometer material of slurry system has good macroproperties. By XRD,XRF,SEM experiments founding that nano-materials cement paste with compact structure,low porosity has good microstructure. Therefore, nano-materials modified on oil well cement and overcomed the disadvantage of traditional cement faults. Nano-materials cement slurry can enhance the cement performance and solve the problems of well cementing.
水泥硬化浆体70%为纳米尺度的水化硅酸钙凝胶(C-S-H),存在着纳米级别的胶凝孔隙,依据颗粒级配理论得知纳米材料对油井水泥的改性存在客观上的可能性。通过室内试验研究,对纳米水泥浆体及纳米水泥石的各项性能指标进行检测,分析纳米材料对油井水泥的性能影响。纳米材料经过表面预处理,克服了混配性差,分散不均的缺点,在水泥中的最佳加量达到10%,此时,纳米材料水泥浆体系具有良好的流动性能、较低的失水量;纳米材料水泥石具有较高的抗压强度、较低的渗透率、良好的抗腐蚀性能,因此,纳米材料水泥浆体系具有良好的宏观性能。通过XRD、XRF、SEM实验发现纳米材料水泥石结构致密,孔隙率低,具有良好的微观形貌。纳米材料对油井水泥的改性克服了传统水泥的缺点,提高水泥物化性能,解决固井难题。
With oil wells exploration and development more intensified,geological condition has changed greatly. It is becoming more obvious that the current oil well cement limited to cementing operation. The cementing quality related directly to the life and recovery of Wells. In order to increase efficiency of oilfield,cementing quality must be developed. Therefore,it is very importent to increase cement stone macroscopical performance and improve cement paste microstructure by nano-materials to improve cementing quality.
70% of the cement hardened slurry is the nanoscale hydration calcium silicate gel(C-S-H). There exists a nanometer level of gelation pore,so nano-materials modified oil well cement existing objectively possibility based on particle gradation theory. Through the indoor experiment,the theme analysis the impact of nanometer materials on oil well cement performanceby testing the various performance of nanometer water slurry and nano cement paste. Through pretreating the nanometer material surface,the nanometer material overcomes differences of mixed default and dispersing uneven in slurry,making the added the nanometer material amount raised to 10% in cement. The nanometer materials slurry system has good flowing property and low water loss. Nano-materials cement has high compressive strength,low permeability and good corrosion resistance. Therefore nanometer material of slurry system has good macroproperties. By XRD,XRF,SEM experiments founding that nano-materials cement paste with compact structure,low porosity has good microstructure. Therefore, nano-materials modified on oil well cement and overcomed the disadvantage of traditional cement faults. Nano-materials cement slurry can enhance the cement performance and solve the problems of well cementing.
引文
[1] H. F. W. Taylor. Nanostructure of C-S-H[J] .Current Status Adv. Cem. Bas. Mater. 1993: 38~46
[2]尹淑梅,张韵慧.21世纪的纳米科技[J].天津科技,2002,(1):31~32
[3]张立德,牟季美.纳米材料和纳米结构[M].北京:科学出版社,2001:1~22
[4]汪澜.水泥混凝土组成、性能、应用[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,2005:99~105
[5]苏达根.水泥与混凝土工艺[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004:32~36
[6]隋同波,文寨军.国内外水泥及水泥基材料研究进展[J].材料发展向导,2004,5:17~19
[7]叶青,张泽南,陈荣升,等.纳米SiO2与水泥硬化浆体中Ca(OH)2的反应[J].硅酸盐学报:2003,31(5):517~522
[8] Temiz H,KarakeeiAY.An investigation on microstrueture of cement paste containing flyash and silieafume[J].Cementand Conerete Research,2002,32:1131~1132
[9]范基骏,汤俊艳,丛立庆,等.合成纳米ZrO2粉体对水泥强度性能的影响[J].建筑材料学报,2004,(12):462~467
[10]卢忠远.微纳粉体对水泥物理力学性能的影响及机理研究[D].博士论文,2005,4:84~89
[11]刘忆,刘卫华.纳米材料的特殊性能及其应用[J].沈阳工业大学学报,2000,(1):21~24
[12] Xiao-zhong Zhang.Nanostructure of Calcium Silicate Hydrate Gels in Cement Paste[J].J.Am.Ceram.Soc,2000,83(10):260~602
[13]王立久,王宝民.纳米SiO2对硅酸盐水泥性能影响实验研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2003,43:666~669
[14]姜德民.硅灰对高性能混凝土强度的作用机理研究[J].建筑技术开发,2001,28(4):44~46
[15]雍岐龙,程莲萍,孙坤等.纳米材料与纳米技术的研究方向及应用前景[J].云南冶金,2001,30(5):34~37
[16]方云,杨澄宇,陈明清,等.纳米与纳米材料(Ⅰ)[J].日用化学工业,2003,33(1):55~58
[17] H.F.W.Taylor. Cement Chemistry[M]. London Academic Press,1990:305~307
[18] A. Bentur,S. Diamond,S.Mindess[J].Cem. Concr. Res.1985,5,331
[19] D. J . Pinchin and D. Tabor ,Cem. Concr. Res. 1978,9:159
[20] Xiao-zhong zhang,et al. Nanostructure of Calcium Silicate Hydrate Gels in Cement Paste[J] J.Am.Ceram.Soc,2000,83(10):602~604
[21] Della M.Roy.Alkali-activated cements opportunities and challenges[J].Cement and Concrete Research ,1999,(29):249~254
[22] Colston SL,O′Connor D,Barnes P,Mayes EL,etc.Functonal Micro-conctrete:the incorporation of zeolites and inorganic nano-particles into cement microstructure[J].J.Mat.Sci.Lett,2000,19(12):1085~1088
[23] Zhang X,Chang W,Zhang T,Ong CK.Nanostructure of Calcium Silicate Hydrate Gels in Cement Paste[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society(USA),2000, 83(10):2600~2604
[24] Haussler F,Hempel M,Baumbach H,etc.Nanostructural investigations of hydrating cement pastes produced from cement with different fineness levels[J].Advances in Cement Research(UK),2001,13(2):65~73
[25]赵小刚.水化硅酸钙的合成及其组成、结构与形貌[D].博士论文,2010,5:25~27
[26] H.F.W.Taylor.Cement ehemistry[M].London,UK:Academic Press,1990:305~307
[27] Riehardson IG.Thenature of C-S-H in hardened cements[J].Cementand Conerete Researeh.1999,29(8):1131~1147
[28]周仕明,魏娜,陈玉辉.紧密堆积水泥浆体系的堆积率计算[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(4):66~68
[29] Suzuki M,Oshma T.Verification of a model for estimating the void fraction in a three component randomly packed bed[J].Powder Technology,1985,43(2):147~153
[28]李颖,唐明,聂元秋.纳米级SiO2与硅灰对水泥浆体需水量的影响[J].沈阳建筑工程学院学报,2002,18(4):278~281
[31]叶青,莫荣辉.掺氮改性纳米TiO2光催化材料的聚合物水泥砂浆的应用研究[J].新型建筑材料,2009,4:89~91
[32]王冲,蒲心诚,刘芳,等.纳米颗粒材料在水泥基材料中应用的可行性研究[J].建筑石膏与凝胶材料,2003,2:44~48
[33]陈荣升.掺纳米SiO2和掺硅粉高强混凝土[J].建筑材料学报,2003,4:121~123
[34]陈荣升,叶青.掺纳米SiO2与掺硅灰的水泥硬化浆体的性能比较[J].混凝土,2002,l:7~10
[35]唐明,巴恒静,李颖.纳米级SiO2与硅灰对水泥基材料的复合改性效应研究[J].硅酸盐学报,2003,31(5):523~527
[36]简明不列颠百科全书[M].北京,中国大百科全书出版社,1985,2,804
[37]黄从运,赵份.新型DSP材料的研究[J].武汉工业大学学报,1995,(9):36~37
[38]沈晓冬,严生,吴学权.应用超微粉技术生产高标号水泥[J].南京化工大学学报,1998,(20增):13~16
[39]柯劲松,黄从运.新型高强DSP材料[J].化学建材,1996,(6):268~269
[40] LIS,RoyDM,KumarA Quantitative determination of Pozzolanasin drated systems of cement or Ca(OH)2 with flyash or ilieafume[J].Cementand Conerete Researeh,1985,15:1079~1080
[41] Mitehel DRG,HincZakl,DayRA,etal.Interaction of silieafume with ealium hydroxide solution and hydrated cement Pastes[J].Cement and Concrete Research,1998,28(11):1571~1584
[42] Chyad FA.Theeffeet of metastable zirconiaon the Pro Perties of ordinary Portl and cement[D].Bradford:Bradforduniyersity,1989:195~210
[43]咸才军.纳米建材(纳米材料与应用技术丛书)[M].北京化学工业出版社,2003:345
[44]李秀芬,刘洪波,范进胜.纳米高岭土对水泥强度的影响分析[J].山东建材,2008,2:55~59
[45]朱军,李毕忠.聚合物/无机纳米复合材料研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2000,10:3-8
[46]焦恒,周万城.雷达吸收剂研究进展[J].材料导报,2000,3:11~12
[47]阎鑫,胡小玲.雷达波吸收剂材料的研究进展[J].材料学报,2001,1:62~64
[48]黄柏宗.紧密堆积理论优化的固井材料和工艺体系[J].钻井液与完井液,2001,(6): 1~8
[49]张树青,吴学礼,王彩英,等.矿粉颗粒级配及其对高掺量矿渣水泥强度的影响[J].水泥,2001,2:5~9
[50]张景富.G级油井水泥的水化硬化及性能[D].博士论文,2001,24-30,32~34
[51]周玉,武高辉.材料分析测试技术-X射线衍射与电子显微分析[M].哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1998,8:103~105
[52]漆漩,戎咏华.X射线与电子显微分析[M].上海交通大学出版,1992,9:59~61
[2]尹淑梅,张韵慧.21世纪的纳米科技[J].天津科技,2002,(1):31~32
[3]张立德,牟季美.纳米材料和纳米结构[M].北京:科学出版社,2001:1~22
[4]汪澜.水泥混凝土组成、性能、应用[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,2005:99~105
[5]苏达根.水泥与混凝土工艺[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004:32~36
[6]隋同波,文寨军.国内外水泥及水泥基材料研究进展[J].材料发展向导,2004,5:17~19
[7]叶青,张泽南,陈荣升,等.纳米SiO2与水泥硬化浆体中Ca(OH)2的反应[J].硅酸盐学报:2003,31(5):517~522
[8] Temiz H,KarakeeiAY.An investigation on microstrueture of cement paste containing flyash and silieafume[J].Cementand Conerete Research,2002,32:1131~1132
[9]范基骏,汤俊艳,丛立庆,等.合成纳米ZrO2粉体对水泥强度性能的影响[J].建筑材料学报,2004,(12):462~467
[10]卢忠远.微纳粉体对水泥物理力学性能的影响及机理研究[D].博士论文,2005,4:84~89
[11]刘忆,刘卫华.纳米材料的特殊性能及其应用[J].沈阳工业大学学报,2000,(1):21~24
[12] Xiao-zhong Zhang.Nanostructure of Calcium Silicate Hydrate Gels in Cement Paste[J].J.Am.Ceram.Soc,2000,83(10):260~602
[13]王立久,王宝民.纳米SiO2对硅酸盐水泥性能影响实验研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2003,43:666~669
[14]姜德民.硅灰对高性能混凝土强度的作用机理研究[J].建筑技术开发,2001,28(4):44~46
[15]雍岐龙,程莲萍,孙坤等.纳米材料与纳米技术的研究方向及应用前景[J].云南冶金,2001,30(5):34~37
[16]方云,杨澄宇,陈明清,等.纳米与纳米材料(Ⅰ)[J].日用化学工业,2003,33(1):55~58
[17] H.F.W.Taylor. Cement Chemistry[M]. London Academic Press,1990:305~307
[18] A. Bentur,S. Diamond,S.Mindess[J].Cem. Concr. Res.1985,5,331
[19] D. J . Pinchin and D. Tabor ,Cem. Concr. Res. 1978,9:159
[20] Xiao-zhong zhang,et al. Nanostructure of Calcium Silicate Hydrate Gels in Cement Paste[J] J.Am.Ceram.Soc,2000,83(10):602~604
[21] Della M.Roy.Alkali-activated cements opportunities and challenges[J].Cement and Concrete Research ,1999,(29):249~254
[22] Colston SL,O′Connor D,Barnes P,Mayes EL,etc.Functonal Micro-conctrete:the incorporation of zeolites and inorganic nano-particles into cement microstructure[J].J.Mat.Sci.Lett,2000,19(12):1085~1088
[23] Zhang X,Chang W,Zhang T,Ong CK.Nanostructure of Calcium Silicate Hydrate Gels in Cement Paste[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society(USA),2000, 83(10):2600~2604
[24] Haussler F,Hempel M,Baumbach H,etc.Nanostructural investigations of hydrating cement pastes produced from cement with different fineness levels[J].Advances in Cement Research(UK),2001,13(2):65~73
[25]赵小刚.水化硅酸钙的合成及其组成、结构与形貌[D].博士论文,2010,5:25~27
[26] H.F.W.Taylor.Cement ehemistry[M].London,UK:Academic Press,1990:305~307
[27] Riehardson IG.Thenature of C-S-H in hardened cements[J].Cementand Conerete Researeh.1999,29(8):1131~1147
[28]周仕明,魏娜,陈玉辉.紧密堆积水泥浆体系的堆积率计算[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(4):66~68
[29] Suzuki M,Oshma T.Verification of a model for estimating the void fraction in a three component randomly packed bed[J].Powder Technology,1985,43(2):147~153
[28]李颖,唐明,聂元秋.纳米级SiO2与硅灰对水泥浆体需水量的影响[J].沈阳建筑工程学院学报,2002,18(4):278~281
[31]叶青,莫荣辉.掺氮改性纳米TiO2光催化材料的聚合物水泥砂浆的应用研究[J].新型建筑材料,2009,4:89~91
[32]王冲,蒲心诚,刘芳,等.纳米颗粒材料在水泥基材料中应用的可行性研究[J].建筑石膏与凝胶材料,2003,2:44~48
[33]陈荣升.掺纳米SiO2和掺硅粉高强混凝土[J].建筑材料学报,2003,4:121~123
[34]陈荣升,叶青.掺纳米SiO2与掺硅灰的水泥硬化浆体的性能比较[J].混凝土,2002,l:7~10
[35]唐明,巴恒静,李颖.纳米级SiO2与硅灰对水泥基材料的复合改性效应研究[J].硅酸盐学报,2003,31(5):523~527
[36]简明不列颠百科全书[M].北京,中国大百科全书出版社,1985,2,804
[37]黄从运,赵份.新型DSP材料的研究[J].武汉工业大学学报,1995,(9):36~37
[38]沈晓冬,严生,吴学权.应用超微粉技术生产高标号水泥[J].南京化工大学学报,1998,(20增):13~16
[39]柯劲松,黄从运.新型高强DSP材料[J].化学建材,1996,(6):268~269
[40] LIS,RoyDM,KumarA Quantitative determination of Pozzolanasin drated systems of cement or Ca(OH)2 with flyash or ilieafume[J].Cementand Conerete Researeh,1985,15:1079~1080
[41] Mitehel DRG,HincZakl,DayRA,etal.Interaction of silieafume with ealium hydroxide solution and hydrated cement Pastes[J].Cement and Concrete Research,1998,28(11):1571~1584
[42] Chyad FA.Theeffeet of metastable zirconiaon the Pro Perties of ordinary Portl and cement[D].Bradford:Bradforduniyersity,1989:195~210
[43]咸才军.纳米建材(纳米材料与应用技术丛书)[M].北京化学工业出版社,2003:345
[44]李秀芬,刘洪波,范进胜.纳米高岭土对水泥强度的影响分析[J].山东建材,2008,2:55~59
[45]朱军,李毕忠.聚合物/无机纳米复合材料研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2000,10:3-8
[46]焦恒,周万城.雷达吸收剂研究进展[J].材料导报,2000,3:11~12
[47]阎鑫,胡小玲.雷达波吸收剂材料的研究进展[J].材料学报,2001,1:62~64
[48]黄柏宗.紧密堆积理论优化的固井材料和工艺体系[J].钻井液与完井液,2001,(6): 1~8
[49]张树青,吴学礼,王彩英,等.矿粉颗粒级配及其对高掺量矿渣水泥强度的影响[J].水泥,2001,2:5~9
[50]张景富.G级油井水泥的水化硬化及性能[D].博士论文,2001,24-30,32~34
[51]周玉,武高辉.材料分析测试技术-X射线衍射与电子显微分析[M].哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1998,8:103~105
[52]漆漩,戎咏华.X射线与电子显微分析[M].上海交通大学出版,1992,9:59~61