粘土水泥浆液性能研究
摘要
当今,注浆防渗技术在土木工程的各个领域,尤其是在边坡治理、水利电力、堤坝防汛及港口码头等工程中得到了日益广泛的应用,其已成为一种相当有效且不可缺少的工程及自然灾害的防御治理措施。注浆材料是注浆技术的基础,二十世纪以来,各种新型注浆材料的不断涌现,使得注浆工法取得了重大进展。水泥类浆液和化学类浆液作为水利水电工程中常用的注浆材料,经过长期的应用研究,无论从理论到实践,还是从技术到工艺均形成了比较系统的认识。而粘土水泥浆液虽然在国外特别是在前苏联很早就得到了广泛应用,但在我国将其应用到具体工程实践中的情况还不多见。对于土木工程中的防渗工程,由于工程本身具有防渗等级要求高、稳定性要求好等特殊性,帷幕注浆材料的应用有许多问题需要探索和研究。
本文从粘土水泥浆液性能的室内试验入手,在了解其主要成分的基本物理化学性质的基础上,对粘土原料的选取、浆液固结机理、制浆工艺做了探讨,着重研究了浆液的流变性、稳定性、结石率、可注性、渗透性及结石体的抗压强度等特性,并通过正交分析法确定了浆液的合理配比范围,分析了各因素对浆液性能的影响,最后对材料的经济节俭性和环保安全性做了简单的分析评价。为今后粘土水泥浆液的工程应用提供理论依据和技术支持,为今后编制新的适用于粘土水泥注浆的技术规范提供有益的参考与建议。
通过研究表明：粘土水泥浆液注浆技术对土木工程中的防渗帷幕工程具有良好的适应性,能够取得较好的经济效益和环境效益。粘土水泥浆液是一种理想的裂隙注浆堵漏材料,不仅可以在很大程度上降低注浆成本,而且其防渗、堵漏效果极佳,有极其重要的开发、应用价值。
Nowadays, the seepage grouting technology has been widely used in various fields of civil engineering, especially in the slope of governance, water power, dams, flood control and port terminals and other projects, which has become a very effective and indispensable engineering and management measures for prevention of natural disasters.Grouting material is the basis of grouting technology, since the twentieth century, a variety of new grouting materials has continuously appeared, so that the grouting construction methods have made significant progress. Cement slurry and the chemical type of slurry are commonly used in the water conservancy and hydropower projects, after long-term applied research, either from theory to practice, or from technology to craft, it has formed a relatively systematic understanding. The clay-cement slurry has been widely used abroad, especially in the former Soviet Union, but it was rare to see it being used in concrete engineering practice in China. For the civil engineering works in the anti-seepage, as the project itself for high grade anti-seepage, anti-stability requirements and good specificity of the application of curtain grouting materials, there are many issues need to be explored and researched.
In this paper, starting from the laboratory experiment of clay-cement slurry's performance and based on the fundamental physical and chemical properties, the selection of raw clay, slurry consolidation mechanism and pulping process have been discussed. It mainly studies characteristics of the stability of the grout, stone rate, injection, rheology, permeability and compressive strength of stone body, and the reasonable proportion of the slurry was determined by orthogonal analysis method. The various factors on slurry properties was also analysised, and at last the analysis and evaluation for the thrift of economic and Security of environmental has been accomplished.Which provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the engineering application of clay-cement slurry and a useful reference and recommendations for clay-cement slurry's specification that would be composed in the future
The research shows that the clay cement slurry grouting technology has a good adaptability to the civil engineering works in the anti-seepage curtain, and it can achieve better economic and environmental benefits. Clay-cement slurry is an ideal fracture grouting plugging material, not only can largely reduce the cost of grouting, but also it has excellent seepage and water shut-off, what's more,it has an extremely important development and application value.
本文从粘土水泥浆液性能的室内试验入手,在了解其主要成分的基本物理化学性质的基础上,对粘土原料的选取、浆液固结机理、制浆工艺做了探讨,着重研究了浆液的流变性、稳定性、结石率、可注性、渗透性及结石体的抗压强度等特性,并通过正交分析法确定了浆液的合理配比范围,分析了各因素对浆液性能的影响,最后对材料的经济节俭性和环保安全性做了简单的分析评价。为今后粘土水泥浆液的工程应用提供理论依据和技术支持,为今后编制新的适用于粘土水泥注浆的技术规范提供有益的参考与建议。
通过研究表明：粘土水泥浆液注浆技术对土木工程中的防渗帷幕工程具有良好的适应性,能够取得较好的经济效益和环境效益。粘土水泥浆液是一种理想的裂隙注浆堵漏材料,不仅可以在很大程度上降低注浆成本,而且其防渗、堵漏效果极佳,有极其重要的开发、应用价值。
Nowadays, the seepage grouting technology has been widely used in various fields of civil engineering, especially in the slope of governance, water power, dams, flood control and port terminals and other projects, which has become a very effective and indispensable engineering and management measures for prevention of natural disasters.Grouting material is the basis of grouting technology, since the twentieth century, a variety of new grouting materials has continuously appeared, so that the grouting construction methods have made significant progress. Cement slurry and the chemical type of slurry are commonly used in the water conservancy and hydropower projects, after long-term applied research, either from theory to practice, or from technology to craft, it has formed a relatively systematic understanding. The clay-cement slurry has been widely used abroad, especially in the former Soviet Union, but it was rare to see it being used in concrete engineering practice in China. For the civil engineering works in the anti-seepage, as the project itself for high grade anti-seepage, anti-stability requirements and good specificity of the application of curtain grouting materials, there are many issues need to be explored and researched.
In this paper, starting from the laboratory experiment of clay-cement slurry's performance and based on the fundamental physical and chemical properties, the selection of raw clay, slurry consolidation mechanism and pulping process have been discussed. It mainly studies characteristics of the stability of the grout, stone rate, injection, rheology, permeability and compressive strength of stone body, and the reasonable proportion of the slurry was determined by orthogonal analysis method. The various factors on slurry properties was also analysised, and at last the analysis and evaluation for the thrift of economic and Security of environmental has been accomplished.Which provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the engineering application of clay-cement slurry and a useful reference and recommendations for clay-cement slurry's specification that would be composed in the future
The research shows that the clay cement slurry grouting technology has a good adaptability to the civil engineering works in the anti-seepage curtain, and it can achieve better economic and environmental benefits. Clay-cement slurry is an ideal fracture grouting plugging material, not only can largely reduce the cost of grouting, but also it has excellent seepage and water shut-off, what's more,it has an extremely important development and application value.
引文
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[4]Groce P、Modoni G.Ground Improvement.2007(1);11-19.
[5]王杰.注浆技术的发展与展望[J].沈阳建筑工程学院学报,1997(1)；59-64.
[6]Berr、Dick.Soil grouting-There's only one way to view it.Geotechnical News, 2006.24(3);39-47
[7]Samsunln A、A Kca L. Uslu O.Problems related to an existing marine outfull:Mamtaris an example.Water Science and Technology,1995.32(2):225-231.
[8]PalardyA,Danielle;Ballivy,Gerard;et al.Injection of a ventilation tower of an underwater road tunnel using cement and chemical grouts.Getechnical special publication,2003. (1201):1605-1616.
[9]Coulter S.Martin,C.D.Single fluid jet-grout strength and deformation properties Tunnelling ang Undergrout Space Technology,2006.21(6):690-695.
[10]熊进,祝红.长江山峡工程灌浆技术研究[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2003.7.
[11]王国际.注浆技术理论与实践[M].北京：中国矿业大学出版社,2000.
[12]梁炯钧.锚固与注浆技术手册[M].北京：中国电力出版社,1999.
[13]杜嘉鸿.地下建筑注浆工程简明手册[M].北京：科学技术出版社,1992.
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[18]赵斌.注浆技术综述[J].中国煤炭学会注浆堵漏加固技术及其应用学术研讨会.1998.
[19]程良奎等.岩土加固实用技术[M].北京：地质出版社,1994.
[20]《岩土注浆理论与工程实例》协作组.岩土注浆理论与工程实例[M].科学技术出版社,2001.
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[22]张可能.粘土固化浆液的结构形成过程及其注浆堵漏研究[D].中南工业大学,1994.
[23]王星华.粘土固化浆液在地下工程中的应用[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1998.
[24]陈永贵.粘土固化注浆帷幕对渗滤液的阻止机理与环境效应[D].长沙：中南大学,2004.
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[30]数显式液塑限联合测定仪说明书.南京土壤仪器厂
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[32]陈希哲.土力学地基基础[M].北京：清华大学出版社,1998.
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[36]冉景太.粘土水泥浆液固化机理研究[J].昆明理工大学学报,2009,(34)：32-34.
[37]冯向东.粘土水泥浆材料的选择[J].煤炭地质与勘探,2000,(1)：43-46.
[38]王星华.粘土固化浆液固结过程的SEM研究[J].岩土工程学报,1999,(1)：34-36.
[39]李广信.高等土力学[M].清华大学出版社,2004.57-59.
[40]黄新.水泥加固土硬化机理初探[J].岩土工程学报,1994,(1)：43-46
[41]王国际.注浆技术理论与实践[M].中国矿业大学出版社,2000.
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