自动控制虚拟实验室关键技术研究
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摘要
虚拟实验室是虚拟现实技术在现实中的一种创新和具体实现,通过利用多媒体、计算机和网络技术,能够模拟现实实验的实验现象或操作过程,给同学们创造了一个集趣味性、立体感和交互性为一体的学习环境。虚拟实验室有效突破时空的限制,学生可以随时随地与其他同学协作、共享或独占仪器设备、共享数据和计算机资源、并得到教师的远程指导。通过实验提示、实验展示、网上集体讨论等教学方法,使得学生能够任意利用虚拟实验室所提供的各种资源,并通过与其他学生以及教师的互动,在这个网络学习环境中主动去建构虚拟实验,达到帮助和促进学生的学习的目的。
本文从构建自动控制虚拟实验的背景出发,结合虚拟实验室在国内外的发展和现状,以及常用的几种虚拟实验技术的可行性,阐述了开发基于自动控制的虚拟实验室的意义。本文的主体思想是基于新疆大学电气工程学院过程控制实验室来实现的,新疆大学电气工程学院过程控制实验室由THJ-2型高级过程控制实验装置和THJ-2型远程数据采集过程控制系统组成,它包括了很多基础实验,由于时间的限制,本文只以逻辑控制实验和大水箱液位控制实验为案例加以实现。
本文主要采用的Flash动画模拟技术与Dreamweaver开发平台相结合的方式,开发实验的虚拟仿真部分,实现复杂和交互的动画效果,尽量接近实际的实验过程。Dreamweaver是一款专业的HTML编辑器,用于对Web站点、Web页和Web应用程序进行设计、编码和开发。在本文中它最重要的功能是支持Flash的直接播放,所以本文的核心内容在于借助Flash的脚本ActionScript和Flash动画相结合进而实现虚拟实验室的模拟性和交互性。
本文通过Flash技术,研究了逻辑控制器的原理演示和交互控制;实现了大水箱液位的控制,在虚拟实验过程中初步体现出学习的任意探索性和创造性。
Virtual laboratory is an innovative and specific achieve, through the use of multimedia, computer and network technology, to simulate the phenomenon of the experiment or operation, to the students created a set of interesting, three-dimensional sense and interactive learning environment for the students as a whole. Virtual Laboratory breakthrough time and space constraints, students can collaborate with each other anywhere, share or exclusive equipment and sharing of data and computer resources, and long-range guidance of teachers. By experiments suggest, experimental display, group discussion, such as teaching methods, students were able to make use of all resources .through interact with other students and teachers in the learning environment to build their own virtual experiments, to achieve the purpose of helping students .
In this paper, used automatic Control Virtual Laboratory as background, combined with the development and the status quo at home and abroad, as well as several virtual experiments commonly used technical feasibility, to explaine the significance of the development of the system. Process Control Laboratory of Xinjiang University is the basis of this article, Xinjiang University, Institute of Electrical Engineering’s Process Control Laboratory by THJ-2-based advanced process control and the experimental apparatus THJ-2-based remote data acquisition process control system, which includes a lot of experiments, due to time constraints, this article only choose logic control experiment and the water tank level control experimental as examples to explanation.
In this paper, the Flash animation using simulation technology and a combination of Dreamweaver, the development of virtual simulation part of the experiment, the realization of the complexity animation effects, as close as possible to the actual experiment. Dreamweaver is a professional HTML editor for the Web site, Web page and Web application design, coding and development. In this article the most important function of it is to support direct playback of Flash, Therefore, the core content of this article is through a combination of ActionScript and Flash to the realization of virtual laboratory simulation and interactivity.
In this paper, Flash technology, studied the principles of logic controllers and interactive presentation control; the realization of a large water tank level control, in the virtual experiment demonstrates the process of initial exploration of learning and creativity of any other virtual laboratory with no Automatic Control experiments.
本文从构建自动控制虚拟实验的背景出发,结合虚拟实验室在国内外的发展和现状,以及常用的几种虚拟实验技术的可行性,阐述了开发基于自动控制的虚拟实验室的意义。本文的主体思想是基于新疆大学电气工程学院过程控制实验室来实现的,新疆大学电气工程学院过程控制实验室由THJ-2型高级过程控制实验装置和THJ-2型远程数据采集过程控制系统组成,它包括了很多基础实验,由于时间的限制,本文只以逻辑控制实验和大水箱液位控制实验为案例加以实现。
本文主要采用的Flash动画模拟技术与Dreamweaver开发平台相结合的方式,开发实验的虚拟仿真部分,实现复杂和交互的动画效果,尽量接近实际的实验过程。Dreamweaver是一款专业的HTML编辑器,用于对Web站点、Web页和Web应用程序进行设计、编码和开发。在本文中它最重要的功能是支持Flash的直接播放,所以本文的核心内容在于借助Flash的脚本ActionScript和Flash动画相结合进而实现虚拟实验室的模拟性和交互性。
本文通过Flash技术,研究了逻辑控制器的原理演示和交互控制;实现了大水箱液位的控制,在虚拟实验过程中初步体现出学习的任意探索性和创造性。
Virtual laboratory is an innovative and specific achieve, through the use of multimedia, computer and network technology, to simulate the phenomenon of the experiment or operation, to the students created a set of interesting, three-dimensional sense and interactive learning environment for the students as a whole. Virtual Laboratory breakthrough time and space constraints, students can collaborate with each other anywhere, share or exclusive equipment and sharing of data and computer resources, and long-range guidance of teachers. By experiments suggest, experimental display, group discussion, such as teaching methods, students were able to make use of all resources .through interact with other students and teachers in the learning environment to build their own virtual experiments, to achieve the purpose of helping students .
In this paper, used automatic Control Virtual Laboratory as background, combined with the development and the status quo at home and abroad, as well as several virtual experiments commonly used technical feasibility, to explaine the significance of the development of the system. Process Control Laboratory of Xinjiang University is the basis of this article, Xinjiang University, Institute of Electrical Engineering’s Process Control Laboratory by THJ-2-based advanced process control and the experimental apparatus THJ-2-based remote data acquisition process control system, which includes a lot of experiments, due to time constraints, this article only choose logic control experiment and the water tank level control experimental as examples to explanation.
In this paper, the Flash animation using simulation technology and a combination of Dreamweaver, the development of virtual simulation part of the experiment, the realization of the complexity animation effects, as close as possible to the actual experiment. Dreamweaver is a professional HTML editor for the Web site, Web page and Web application design, coding and development. In this article the most important function of it is to support direct playback of Flash, Therefore, the core content of this article is through a combination of ActionScript and Flash to the realization of virtual laboratory simulation and interactivity.
In this paper, Flash technology, studied the principles of logic controllers and interactive presentation control; the realization of a large water tank level control, in the virtual experiment demonstrates the process of initial exploration of learning and creativity of any other virtual laboratory with no Automatic Control experiments.
引文
[1]胡亦宏,技工学校虚拟电工实验室的设计与开发,硕士学位论文,北京师范大学,2004.5
[2]付爽,自动控制原理虚拟实验室的研制与开发,硕士学位论文,山东大学,2007.4
[3]余德兰,基于网络的传感器虚拟实验室的设计与研究,硕士学位论文,南京航空航天大学,2007.1
[4]张晶,基于交互式Flash技术的网络虚拟大学物理实验的探索与实践,硕士学位论文,苏州大学,2004.11
[5] Wang haiyun, The development of virtual laboratories: A case study, Proceedings of SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering , v5444, Fourth International Conference on Virtual Reality and Its Applications in Industry, 2004, 535～538.
[6]苏建明.展望虚拟现实技术[J].计算机仿真技术,2004,(1).
[7]姜学智,李忠华.国内外虚拟现实技术的研究现状[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2004,(2).
[8]邹湘军,孙健,何汉武.虚拟现实技术的演变发展与展望[J].系统仿真学报,2004,(9).
[9]范新伟,申瑞民,申丽萍.虚拟实验标准化的研究和解决方案[J].计算机仿真,2005,(1).
[10] William R. Sherman, Alan B. Craig, Understanding Virtual Reality: Interface, Application,and Design, USA, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., 2002: 12～13
[11]李琴,孙秀红,Flash和Dreamweaver在课件制作中的应用,潍坊教育学院学报,2006,19(2):22～23
[12]马永红,刘亚军,周凌,网页编程精彩实例,北京,中国电力出版社,2001:302
[13]王鑫,肖化,吴先球,基于Flash的远程仿真实验,实验室研究与探索,2005,24(3):14～15
[14]刘志广等,三种网络虚拟实验室的实现方法与比较,计算机与应用化学,2003,20, 1,91-93
[15]高篙主编.自动控制理论实验与计算机仿真[M].长沙:国防科技大学,2004.
[16]文锋,贾光辉.自动控制理论[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2002.
[17]杨戈,武浩,钟磊,陈淑鹏. Flash MX Action Script与实例高手教程[M].西安:西安电子科技大学
[18]周琪锋,虚拟实验室的建设与应用探讨,农业网络信息,2006,(8):88～89
[19]黄元南,虚拟实验室设计技术与应用探析,中国科技信息,2005,(14):90～91
[20]李亚琭,郝应光,远程教育与虚拟实验室,自然杂志,2001,23(3): 157～160
[21]唐章蔚,基于网络的Web虚拟实验室建构理论探索,江汉大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(4):59～62
[22]王娜,网络化虚拟实验室系统的设计与实现,硕士学位论文,西安,西安交通大学,2004
[23]潜立标,网络虚拟实验室的研究与开发,浙江工商职业技术学院学报,2005,4(2):52～54
[24]张燕霞,基于虚拟仪器的传感器虚拟实验与虚拟实验室,硕士学位论文,南京,南京航空航天大学,2005
[25] Krueger MW. Artificial reality: past and future. In: Helsel SK, Roth JP,eds. Virtual reality: theory, practice, and promise. London: Meckler Ltd, 1991,19-25.
[26]包敏,基于Flash的虚拟实验室的开发[J].长沙大学学报,2004,(7).
[27]王国平编著. Dreamweaver MX 2004网页时尚设计师[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[28] Ray West等著、李明等译,DreamweaverMX(中文版)完全参考,清华大学出版社,2003
[29] Moshell JM, Hughes M, Three Views of Virtual Reality: Virtual Environments in the US Military, IEEE Computer, 1993, 26(2): 81～82
[30]袁大勇编著. Flash MX教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[31]王国权主编.虚拟实验技术[J].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[32]张君玺等.信息化虚拟实验室[J].河北工业科技,2001,(5).
[33] M.Casini, D.Prattichizzo, A.Vicino, The Automatic Control Telelab, A Web-based technology for distance learning, IEEE Control Systems Magazine, 2004: 36～44
[34]汪诗林等,开展虚拟实验系统的研究和应用,计算机工程与科学,2000,2,33-34
[35] Tindale I,等著. Flash XML实用开发技术.赖建荣,等译.北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[36](美)Deitel H M,Deitel P J,等著. XML编程技术大全.北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[37]黄刚,干林. macromedia FLASH MX标准教程.北京:希望电子出版社,2002.
[2]付爽,自动控制原理虚拟实验室的研制与开发,硕士学位论文,山东大学,2007.4
[3]余德兰,基于网络的传感器虚拟实验室的设计与研究,硕士学位论文,南京航空航天大学,2007.1
[4]张晶,基于交互式Flash技术的网络虚拟大学物理实验的探索与实践,硕士学位论文,苏州大学,2004.11
[5] Wang haiyun, The development of virtual laboratories: A case study, Proceedings of SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering , v5444, Fourth International Conference on Virtual Reality and Its Applications in Industry, 2004, 535～538.
[6]苏建明.展望虚拟现实技术[J].计算机仿真技术,2004,(1).
[7]姜学智,李忠华.国内外虚拟现实技术的研究现状[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2004,(2).
[8]邹湘军,孙健,何汉武.虚拟现实技术的演变发展与展望[J].系统仿真学报,2004,(9).
[9]范新伟,申瑞民,申丽萍.虚拟实验标准化的研究和解决方案[J].计算机仿真,2005,(1).
[10] William R. Sherman, Alan B. Craig, Understanding Virtual Reality: Interface, Application,and Design, USA, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., 2002: 12～13
[11]李琴,孙秀红,Flash和Dreamweaver在课件制作中的应用,潍坊教育学院学报,2006,19(2):22～23
[12]马永红,刘亚军,周凌,网页编程精彩实例,北京,中国电力出版社,2001:302
[13]王鑫,肖化,吴先球,基于Flash的远程仿真实验,实验室研究与探索,2005,24(3):14～15
[14]刘志广等,三种网络虚拟实验室的实现方法与比较,计算机与应用化学,2003,20, 1,91-93
[15]高篙主编.自动控制理论实验与计算机仿真[M].长沙:国防科技大学,2004.
[16]文锋,贾光辉.自动控制理论[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2002.
[17]杨戈,武浩,钟磊,陈淑鹏. Flash MX Action Script与实例高手教程[M].西安:西安电子科技大学
[18]周琪锋,虚拟实验室的建设与应用探讨,农业网络信息,2006,(8):88～89
[19]黄元南,虚拟实验室设计技术与应用探析,中国科技信息,2005,(14):90～91
[20]李亚琭,郝应光,远程教育与虚拟实验室,自然杂志,2001,23(3): 157～160
[21]唐章蔚,基于网络的Web虚拟实验室建构理论探索,江汉大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(4):59～62
[22]王娜,网络化虚拟实验室系统的设计与实现,硕士学位论文,西安,西安交通大学,2004
[23]潜立标,网络虚拟实验室的研究与开发,浙江工商职业技术学院学报,2005,4(2):52～54
[24]张燕霞,基于虚拟仪器的传感器虚拟实验与虚拟实验室,硕士学位论文,南京,南京航空航天大学,2005
[25] Krueger MW. Artificial reality: past and future. In: Helsel SK, Roth JP,eds. Virtual reality: theory, practice, and promise. London: Meckler Ltd, 1991,19-25.
[26]包敏,基于Flash的虚拟实验室的开发[J].长沙大学学报,2004,(7).
[27]王国平编著. Dreamweaver MX 2004网页时尚设计师[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[28] Ray West等著、李明等译,DreamweaverMX(中文版)完全参考,清华大学出版社,2003
[29] Moshell JM, Hughes M, Three Views of Virtual Reality: Virtual Environments in the US Military, IEEE Computer, 1993, 26(2): 81～82
[30]袁大勇编著. Flash MX教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[31]王国权主编.虚拟实验技术[J].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[32]张君玺等.信息化虚拟实验室[J].河北工业科技,2001,(5).
[33] M.Casini, D.Prattichizzo, A.Vicino, The Automatic Control Telelab, A Web-based technology for distance learning, IEEE Control Systems Magazine, 2004: 36～44
[34]汪诗林等,开展虚拟实验系统的研究和应用,计算机工程与科学,2000,2,33-34
[35] Tindale I,等著. Flash XML实用开发技术.赖建荣,等译.北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[36](美)Deitel H M,Deitel P J,等著. XML编程技术大全.北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[37]黄刚,干林. macromedia FLASH MX标准教程.北京:希望电子出版社,2002.