水肥对大棚黄瓜和番茄生理特性及土壤环境的影响
|
摘要
随着经济和人民生活水平的提高,蔬菜消费量日益增加,以设施蔬菜栽培为主的蔬菜生产在我国北方地区迅速发展。但由于利益的驱使,为获取高产在设施蔬菜生产中长期“大水大肥,不用问人”的水肥管理导致设施蔬菜产量低、品质劣、土壤可持续生产能力下降。2007年和2008年在中国科学院安塞野外试验站内日光温室隔水小区中,以日光温室黄瓜、番茄为试材,设计了3个不同的水分水平(Wh:90%-100%;Wm:70%-80%;Wl:50%-60%)和2个肥料水平(Fh: 600 kgN?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2;Fl: 420 kgN?hm-2+294 kg P2O5?hm-2)共6个处理的随机区组试验,分析了水肥处理对日光温室黄瓜和番茄植株生长发育、果实产量、品质及土壤温度、理化性质和生物特性的影响。主要研究结果如下:
1.通过分析水肥水平对黄瓜和番茄叶片保护酶特性、果实品质以及产量的影响,提出了优质、丰产和提高水分利用效率的水肥组合。当土壤相对含水量(SRWC)水平相同时,Fh处理(600 kgN?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2)比Fl处理(420 kgN?hm-2+294 kg P2O5?hm-2)叶片SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)和POD(过氧化物酶)活性增强,Pn(净光合速率)增加,叶面积及叶片扩展速率增加,而初期和盛期叶片抗脱水能力降低;经济产量高、耗水量少、WUE(水分利用效率)高;黄瓜品质指标(糖、氨基酸、硝酸盐和蛋白质含量)都提高,Vc含量降低;番茄果实品质指标(糖、有机酸、氨基酸、Vc和可溶性蛋白质)降低。随SRWC的增加,初瓜期和盛瓜期叶面积及叶片扩展速率增加,盛瓜期叶片抗脱水能力降低;黄瓜和番茄产量提高、植株耗水量增加、WUE降低。当土壤相对含水量为70%-80%时,黄瓜叶片CAT(过氧化氢酶)活性最高而POD活性最低、初瓜期和后期叶片抗脱水能力最强;番茄叶片保护酶(POD、CAT、SOD)活性和后期叶片保水能力最高、而MDA(丙二醛)含量最低;黄瓜和番茄果实中糖和可溶性蛋白质含量较高、品质较优。逐步线性回归分析叶片生理特性对产量的影响显示,黄瓜叶片POD活性、叶片扩增速率、叶片抗脱水能力和叶片净光合速率对黄瓜产量的影响最大。番茄叶片SOD活性、叶面积、叶片扩增速率、叶片抗脱水能力对番茄产量的影响显著。运用灰色关联分析黄瓜和番茄产量、品质和水分利用效率的综合评价,土壤相对含水量为70% -80%,施600 kg N?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2的WmFh处理对黄瓜(关联系数0.81202)和番茄(关联系数0.78291),相比于其它水肥处理,综合评价最好,能实现高产、优质、高效生产。
2.分析了水肥处理对N、P利用效率和土壤可持续生产潜力的影响。灌溉量增加,土壤相对含水量(SRWC)增加,N、P肥当季利用率提高;当土壤相对含水量相同时,施肥量增加,N、P肥当季利用率降低。N素(P素)利用率与经济产量呈正相关。水肥处理两年后日光温室内土壤有机质、全N、速效N(NO3--N,NH4+-N)、全P、速效P都有不同程度提高。Fh处理比Fl处理土壤有机质、全N、速效N(NO3--N,NH4+-N)、全P、速效P和N素表观残留量都增加;灌溉量增加,土壤中全N和硝态氮淋溶流失增多,黄瓜和番茄产量提高,干物质积累多,随植株带离土壤的N、P增加,因此,土壤N素表观损失增加,而土壤全P、速效P、全N、NO3--N降低。
3.就水肥处理对土壤生物环境的影响进行了系统分析,提出了优化土壤生物环境的水肥管理方案。水肥处理改变土壤的水、热和养分环境,随土壤相对含水量增加,耕作层地温降低,但地温波动幅度小,土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶和中性磷酸酶活性提高;增加施肥量,平均地温也降低,但为植株生长和微生物繁殖提供了充足C/N营养,促进微生物多样性发展,土壤呼吸和土壤中活性碳含量增加,土壤中蔗糖酶、磷酸酶和脲酶活性增强。土壤中生物特性之间相互关联,共同影响土壤生物环境。灰色关联度综合评价水肥处理对黄瓜和番茄土壤生物环境的影响,土壤相对含水量70%-80%,施肥量为600 kgN?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2的WmFh处理在黄瓜结瓜期(关联系数0.9099),番茄结果期(关联系数0.91448),表明,该处理土壤酶活性强、土壤中活性碳含量高,土壤呼吸较强,微生物多样性、均匀度高,为土壤微环境发展提供了较优越的条件,生物环境综合评价最优,为地上部植株的高效、优质生产提供了有力保障。而土壤相对含水量50%-60%,施肥量为420 kgN?hm-2+294 kgP2O5?hm-2的WlFl处理在黄瓜结瓜期(关联系数0.78074)和番茄结果期(关联系数0.7812),排序最差,土壤生物环境差。
4.采用灰色关联分析方法对不同水肥管理模式的优劣进行了综合评价,筛选出黄瓜和番茄优质、高效和可持续生产的水肥管理模式。以黄瓜和番茄植株生理特性、产量、品质、水肥利用效率以及土壤可持续生产潜力为基础进行灰色关联分析,结果表明,土壤相对含水量70%-80%,施肥量600 kgN?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2的WmFh处理在黄瓜优质、高效、可持续生产评价中(关联系数0.81202),而番茄中关联系数为0.78291),关联系数都较高,综合评价较好,能实现黄瓜和番茄优质、高效和可持续生产;土壤相对含水量50%-60%,施肥量420 kgN?hm-2+294 kgP2O5?hm-2的WlFl处理在黄瓜和番茄生产中应该淘汰。
With the development of economy and people’s living standard, vegetable consumption increased gradually; at the same time, vegetable production in greenhouse was developed rapidly in the north of China. In order to get more benefits from vegetable production, farmers preferred to input water and fertilizer as much as possible. In vegetable production, improper fertilization and watering cause undesirable effects on fruit yield and quality, as well as on soil. In this paper, with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) in the greenhouse as samples, a total of six treatments with three relative water content(RWC) levels (Wh: 90%-100% RWC, Wm: 70%-80% RWC, Wl: 50%-60% RWC) and two fertilization levels (Fh: 600kgN?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2, Fl: 420 kgN?hm-2 +294 kgP2O5?hm-2) were established to be used in the investigation of their coupling effects on the basis of previous studies. Carried out were continuous studies in 2007 and 2008 of coupling effects on plant growth, fruit yield and quality, soil nutrients and temperature, and biological environment. The following results were obtained.
Different soil water and fertilizer influenced the growth and production of cucumber and tomato. When the soil relative water content (SRWC) was at the same level, several indexes including SOD activity, POD activity, net photosynthetic rate(Pn), leaf area and expansion rate at early fruit stage and fruit stage at the Fh level were increased over that at the F1 level, while MDA content and the ability to resist dehydration of leaves were reduced. And higher yield, less water consumption, increased water use efficiency (WUE) and fruit quality indicated by the contents of glucose, amino acid, nitrate and protein were achieved for cucumber under Fh treatment, meanwhile fruit quality of tomato indicated by the contents of glucose, organic acid, amino acid, Vc, and soluble protein decreased comparing with Fl level. With the increase of SRWC, leaf area and expansion rate at the early-fruit stage and fruit stage were increased, while the leaf ability to resist dehydration at fruit stage was reduced, and while yield and water consumption of cucumber and tomato enhanced, their WUE decreased. When SRWC reached 70%-80%, leaf’s CAT and leaf ability to resist dehydration at early-fruit and later-fruit stage of cucumber were the strongest; and the leaf’s CAT, POD, SOD activity is strong while MDA content low, which indicated that the plant grew healthily. Stepwise linear regression analysis was used to reveal the effect of leaf physiological characters on yield. The data showed that POD activity, leaf expansion rate, the ability to resist water, and net photosynthetic rate had a significant influence on cucumber yield. The same approach was used for tomato and the data showed that SOD activity, leaf area, leaf expansion rate, the ability to resist water had a significant influence on tomato yield.
Different soil water and fertilizer treatments influenced the distribution of N, P in plant and in soil. The increase of SRWC resulted in an increasing irrigation level, and led to higher efficiency in the use of nitrogen and phosphorous. When SRWC was the same level, additional fertilization would result in low efficiency in the use of nitrogen and phosphorous. After two years’coupling treatments of water and fertilization, several soil nutrients indexes including organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen(NO3--N, NH4+-N), total phosphorous, available phosphorous were increased. When SRWC was the same, soil organic matter, total N and NO3--N, total phosphorous, available phosphorous were increased with the fertilizer supply increased. With the increase of SRWC, plants grew stronger and absorbed more N, P nutrition from the soil, as result that soil total phosphorous, available phosphorous, total N and NO3--N declined.
The coupling treatments of water and fertilizer changed the environment of soil water level, temperature and fertility. Researches on dynamic change and diurnal variation of soil temperature in 2007 and 2008 indicated that, the increase of SRWC led to lower soil temperature at 5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm. At the same level of SRWC, soil temperature was lower at the Fh level than at the F1 level. While the fertilizer supply increase, there was enough C/N nutrition for microbial reproduction, and soil micro-diversity index, evenness index, soil respiration and active Carbon, activity of Suc, Pho, Ure were increased. With the increase of SRWC, the activity of Suc, Ure and Pho were increased. The soil microbial features, such as, soil enzymes, soil microbial diversity, soil respiration and soil active carbon, were closely related and they together influenced the soil microbial environment. Grey rational analysis indicated that the best soil microbial environment was achieved under the treatment of SRWC 70%-80% and 600kgN?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2 fertilization.
Grey rational analysis indicated that the most comprehensively evaluated plant grew healthily, with high quality and more benefit; sustainable development of cucumber and tomato production was achieved under the treatment of SRWC 70%-80% and 600kgN?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2 fertilization.
1.通过分析水肥水平对黄瓜和番茄叶片保护酶特性、果实品质以及产量的影响,提出了优质、丰产和提高水分利用效率的水肥组合。当土壤相对含水量(SRWC)水平相同时,Fh处理(600 kgN?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2)比Fl处理(420 kgN?hm-2+294 kg P2O5?hm-2)叶片SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)和POD(过氧化物酶)活性增强,Pn(净光合速率)增加,叶面积及叶片扩展速率增加,而初期和盛期叶片抗脱水能力降低;经济产量高、耗水量少、WUE(水分利用效率)高;黄瓜品质指标(糖、氨基酸、硝酸盐和蛋白质含量)都提高,Vc含量降低;番茄果实品质指标(糖、有机酸、氨基酸、Vc和可溶性蛋白质)降低。随SRWC的增加,初瓜期和盛瓜期叶面积及叶片扩展速率增加,盛瓜期叶片抗脱水能力降低;黄瓜和番茄产量提高、植株耗水量增加、WUE降低。当土壤相对含水量为70%-80%时,黄瓜叶片CAT(过氧化氢酶)活性最高而POD活性最低、初瓜期和后期叶片抗脱水能力最强;番茄叶片保护酶(POD、CAT、SOD)活性和后期叶片保水能力最高、而MDA(丙二醛)含量最低;黄瓜和番茄果实中糖和可溶性蛋白质含量较高、品质较优。逐步线性回归分析叶片生理特性对产量的影响显示,黄瓜叶片POD活性、叶片扩增速率、叶片抗脱水能力和叶片净光合速率对黄瓜产量的影响最大。番茄叶片SOD活性、叶面积、叶片扩增速率、叶片抗脱水能力对番茄产量的影响显著。运用灰色关联分析黄瓜和番茄产量、品质和水分利用效率的综合评价,土壤相对含水量为70% -80%,施600 kg N?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2的WmFh处理对黄瓜(关联系数0.81202)和番茄(关联系数0.78291),相比于其它水肥处理,综合评价最好,能实现高产、优质、高效生产。
2.分析了水肥处理对N、P利用效率和土壤可持续生产潜力的影响。灌溉量增加,土壤相对含水量(SRWC)增加,N、P肥当季利用率提高;当土壤相对含水量相同时,施肥量增加,N、P肥当季利用率降低。N素(P素)利用率与经济产量呈正相关。水肥处理两年后日光温室内土壤有机质、全N、速效N(NO3--N,NH4+-N)、全P、速效P都有不同程度提高。Fh处理比Fl处理土壤有机质、全N、速效N(NO3--N,NH4+-N)、全P、速效P和N素表观残留量都增加;灌溉量增加,土壤中全N和硝态氮淋溶流失增多,黄瓜和番茄产量提高,干物质积累多,随植株带离土壤的N、P增加,因此,土壤N素表观损失增加,而土壤全P、速效P、全N、NO3--N降低。
3.就水肥处理对土壤生物环境的影响进行了系统分析,提出了优化土壤生物环境的水肥管理方案。水肥处理改变土壤的水、热和养分环境,随土壤相对含水量增加,耕作层地温降低,但地温波动幅度小,土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶和中性磷酸酶活性提高;增加施肥量,平均地温也降低,但为植株生长和微生物繁殖提供了充足C/N营养,促进微生物多样性发展,土壤呼吸和土壤中活性碳含量增加,土壤中蔗糖酶、磷酸酶和脲酶活性增强。土壤中生物特性之间相互关联,共同影响土壤生物环境。灰色关联度综合评价水肥处理对黄瓜和番茄土壤生物环境的影响,土壤相对含水量70%-80%,施肥量为600 kgN?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2的WmFh处理在黄瓜结瓜期(关联系数0.9099),番茄结果期(关联系数0.91448),表明,该处理土壤酶活性强、土壤中活性碳含量高,土壤呼吸较强,微生物多样性、均匀度高,为土壤微环境发展提供了较优越的条件,生物环境综合评价最优,为地上部植株的高效、优质生产提供了有力保障。而土壤相对含水量50%-60%,施肥量为420 kgN?hm-2+294 kgP2O5?hm-2的WlFl处理在黄瓜结瓜期(关联系数0.78074)和番茄结果期(关联系数0.7812),排序最差,土壤生物环境差。
4.采用灰色关联分析方法对不同水肥管理模式的优劣进行了综合评价,筛选出黄瓜和番茄优质、高效和可持续生产的水肥管理模式。以黄瓜和番茄植株生理特性、产量、品质、水肥利用效率以及土壤可持续生产潜力为基础进行灰色关联分析,结果表明,土壤相对含水量70%-80%,施肥量600 kgN?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2的WmFh处理在黄瓜优质、高效、可持续生产评价中(关联系数0.81202),而番茄中关联系数为0.78291),关联系数都较高,综合评价较好,能实现黄瓜和番茄优质、高效和可持续生产;土壤相对含水量50%-60%,施肥量420 kgN?hm-2+294 kgP2O5?hm-2的WlFl处理在黄瓜和番茄生产中应该淘汰。
With the development of economy and people’s living standard, vegetable consumption increased gradually; at the same time, vegetable production in greenhouse was developed rapidly in the north of China. In order to get more benefits from vegetable production, farmers preferred to input water and fertilizer as much as possible. In vegetable production, improper fertilization and watering cause undesirable effects on fruit yield and quality, as well as on soil. In this paper, with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) in the greenhouse as samples, a total of six treatments with three relative water content(RWC) levels (Wh: 90%-100% RWC, Wm: 70%-80% RWC, Wl: 50%-60% RWC) and two fertilization levels (Fh: 600kgN?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2, Fl: 420 kgN?hm-2 +294 kgP2O5?hm-2) were established to be used in the investigation of their coupling effects on the basis of previous studies. Carried out were continuous studies in 2007 and 2008 of coupling effects on plant growth, fruit yield and quality, soil nutrients and temperature, and biological environment. The following results were obtained.
Different soil water and fertilizer influenced the growth and production of cucumber and tomato. When the soil relative water content (SRWC) was at the same level, several indexes including SOD activity, POD activity, net photosynthetic rate(Pn), leaf area and expansion rate at early fruit stage and fruit stage at the Fh level were increased over that at the F1 level, while MDA content and the ability to resist dehydration of leaves were reduced. And higher yield, less water consumption, increased water use efficiency (WUE) and fruit quality indicated by the contents of glucose, amino acid, nitrate and protein were achieved for cucumber under Fh treatment, meanwhile fruit quality of tomato indicated by the contents of glucose, organic acid, amino acid, Vc, and soluble protein decreased comparing with Fl level. With the increase of SRWC, leaf area and expansion rate at the early-fruit stage and fruit stage were increased, while the leaf ability to resist dehydration at fruit stage was reduced, and while yield and water consumption of cucumber and tomato enhanced, their WUE decreased. When SRWC reached 70%-80%, leaf’s CAT and leaf ability to resist dehydration at early-fruit and later-fruit stage of cucumber were the strongest; and the leaf’s CAT, POD, SOD activity is strong while MDA content low, which indicated that the plant grew healthily. Stepwise linear regression analysis was used to reveal the effect of leaf physiological characters on yield. The data showed that POD activity, leaf expansion rate, the ability to resist water, and net photosynthetic rate had a significant influence on cucumber yield. The same approach was used for tomato and the data showed that SOD activity, leaf area, leaf expansion rate, the ability to resist water had a significant influence on tomato yield.
Different soil water and fertilizer treatments influenced the distribution of N, P in plant and in soil. The increase of SRWC resulted in an increasing irrigation level, and led to higher efficiency in the use of nitrogen and phosphorous. When SRWC was the same level, additional fertilization would result in low efficiency in the use of nitrogen and phosphorous. After two years’coupling treatments of water and fertilization, several soil nutrients indexes including organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen(NO3--N, NH4+-N), total phosphorous, available phosphorous were increased. When SRWC was the same, soil organic matter, total N and NO3--N, total phosphorous, available phosphorous were increased with the fertilizer supply increased. With the increase of SRWC, plants grew stronger and absorbed more N, P nutrition from the soil, as result that soil total phosphorous, available phosphorous, total N and NO3--N declined.
The coupling treatments of water and fertilizer changed the environment of soil water level, temperature and fertility. Researches on dynamic change and diurnal variation of soil temperature in 2007 and 2008 indicated that, the increase of SRWC led to lower soil temperature at 5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm. At the same level of SRWC, soil temperature was lower at the Fh level than at the F1 level. While the fertilizer supply increase, there was enough C/N nutrition for microbial reproduction, and soil micro-diversity index, evenness index, soil respiration and active Carbon, activity of Suc, Pho, Ure were increased. With the increase of SRWC, the activity of Suc, Ure and Pho were increased. The soil microbial features, such as, soil enzymes, soil microbial diversity, soil respiration and soil active carbon, were closely related and they together influenced the soil microbial environment. Grey rational analysis indicated that the best soil microbial environment was achieved under the treatment of SRWC 70%-80% and 600kgN?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2 fertilization.
Grey rational analysis indicated that the most comprehensively evaluated plant grew healthily, with high quality and more benefit; sustainable development of cucumber and tomato production was achieved under the treatment of SRWC 70%-80% and 600kgN?hm-2+420 kgP2O5?hm-2 fertilization.
引文
柏延芳,张海,张立新.2008.氮肥对黄土高原大棚蔬菜及土壤硝酸盐累积的影响[J].中国生态农业学报, 16 (3): 555-559
鲍士旦. 2000.土壤农化法分析[M].中国农业出版社
毕宏文. 1997.水分对蔬菜产品质量影响[J].北方园艺, (06): 68-69
蔡燕飞,廖宗文. 2002.土壤微生物生态学研究方法进展.土壤与环境, 11(2):167~171
曹慧,孙辉,杨浩.2007.土壤酶活性及其对土壤质量的指示研究进展[J].应用与环境生物学报, 9(1):105-109
曹慧,崔中利,李顺鹏.2008.中国土壤生物学研究的回顾与展望[J].土壤学报, 45 (5): 830-836
陈永安,孙光丽.2003.加入WTO后中国园艺产业的机遇与对策[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版), 3(2):138-140
陈金平,刘祖贵,段爱旺.2007.温室黄瓜叶面积扩展与光合特性对水分的响应研究[J].中国生态农业学报, (1): 91-95
陈修斌,潘林,王勤礼,等.2006.温室番茄水肥耦合数学模型及其优化方案研究[J].南京农业大学学报,29(3): 138-141
陈修斌,邹志荣,熊汉琴.2004.温室茄子水肥耦合数学模型及其优化方案研究[J].水土保持研究, 11 (3): 201-204
陈修斌,杨彬,鄂利锋,等.2008.荒漠化地区温室芹菜水肥耦合效应研究量化管理指标[J].江苏农业学报, 24(5): 674-678
陈碧华,郜庆炉,杨和连,等.2008.日光温室膜下滴灌水肥耦合技术对番茄生长发育的影响[J].广东农业科学, (8): 63-65, 78
陈碧华,郜庆炉,段爱旺,等.2007.水肥耦合对番茄产量和硝酸盐含量的影响[J].河南农业科学, (5): 87-90
陈碧华,郜庆炉,杨和连,等.2008.日光温室内膜下滴灌水肥耦合技术对番茄品质的影响[J].江苏农业学报, 24 (4): 476-479
陈绍顺. 2004.防空信息战系统的灰色层次评价模型[J].电子对抗技术, 19 (2): 35-38
陈世平,陈光铭.2000.灰色系统理论在柑橘新品种综合评价中的应用初探[J].江西农业大学学报, 22 (2): 282-285
陈永芳,弓成林,程昌凤.2000.18个桔类品种果实品质的灰色关联分析[J] .四川农业大学学报, (2): 157-159
陈建生,唐拴虎,张发宝,等.2003.氮硫肥配施对菜心产量及品质的效应研究[J].土壤通报, 34(l): 36-39
陈丽娟,张新民,王小军.2008.不同土壤水分处理对膜上灌春小麦土壤温度的影响[J].农业工程学报, 24 (4): 9-13
崔崧,韩晓日,邹国元.2006.不同有机肥用量对黄瓜生长及养分吸收的影响[J].华北农学报, 21 (1): 125-128
党永华,吴金娥.2006.黄土高原区日光温室蔬菜发展的几点思考[J].中国农学通报, 22 (6):269-272
邓聚龙.1990.灰色系统理论教程[M].华中科技大学出版社
杜新富,王斌,刘晓峰. 2003.陕北发展设施农业与金融策略取向[J].西安金融, (6):46-47
杜社妮,张成娥,徐福利,等.2003.不同施肥对日光温室西红柿菜地土壤酶活性的影响[J].西北植物学报, (8): 165-168
樊军,郝明德. 2003.黄土高原旱地轮作与施肥长期定位试验研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 9 (1): 9-13
范爱武,刘伟,王崇琦.2003.不同环境条件下土壤温度日变化的计算模拟[J].太阳能学报,24(2): 167-171
傅声雷.2007.土壤生物多样性的研究概况与发展趋势[J].生物多样性, 15(2): 109-115
付秋实,陈青云,李志芳,等.2007.不同施肥处理对黄瓜养分吸收及光合产物分配的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报, (3): 109-112
付时丰,李中,杨李娟,等.2006.保护地栽培条件下灌溉方式对土壤温度的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,25(1):67-70
高素玲,王文贤,娄麦兰,等.1995.灰色关联度分析法应用于玉米杂交种综合评判的初探[J].玉米科学, 3 (2): 21-24
高俊凤. 2000.植物生理学实验技术[M].世界图书出版公司
高艳明,李建设.2000.日光温室滴灌辣椒水肥耦合效应研究[J].宁夏农学院学报,21(3): 39-45
高兵,任涛,李俊良.2008.灌溉策略及氮肥施用对设施番茄产量及氮素利用的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 14 (6):1104-1109
葛晓光. 2002.菜田土壤与施肥[M].北京:中国农业出版社:194- 195
关松荫.1986.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社
郭全忠,张建平,陈竹君,等.2008.肥水调控对日光温室番茄土壤养分和盐分累积的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报, 36 (7): 111-117
郭卫东,李袁瑞.1999.植物抗旱分子机理[J].西北农业大学学报, , 27 (4): 102- 107
韩兴国,王智平.2003.土壤生物多样性与微量气体(CO2、CH4、N2O)代谢[J].生物多样性, 11 (4) : 322-332
何苏阳,施宝正.1998.灰关联度法在综合评估中的应用[J].石油大学学报, 22(3): 120-122
侯彦林,王曙光,郭伟,等.2004.尿素施肥量对土壤微生物和酶活性的影响[J].土壤通报,35(3): 301-305
胡承孝,邓波儿.1997.氮肥对小白菜、番茄供食器官品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 3(1): 85-89
胡昌浩,王群瑛.1987.玉米不同叶位叶片叶绿素与光合强度变化规律的研究[J].山东农业大学学报, 20(1):50-54
胡文海,陈春霞,胡雪华.2008.干旱胁迫对2种辣椒植株形态可塑性与持水力的影响[J].江西农业大学学报, 30 (4): 643-647
黄承标,莫柳艳,黄炳京,等.2002.草坪绿地对土壤温度的调节作用[J].壤与环境, 11 (1): 29-31
黄冠华,冯绍元,等.1999.滴灌玉米水肥耦合效应的田间试验研究[J].中国农业大学学报,4(6): 48-52
黄昌勇.2000.土壤学[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 50-55
惠俊爱,叶庆生.2008.短期CO2加富对凤梨光合作用及生长发育的影响[J].植物生态学报,32(2): 424-430
蒋文琼,王冬梅,李永贵,等.2004.灰色关联度分析法在产业结构调整中的应用—以石匣小流域为例[J].中国水土保持科学, 2 (2): 107-110
焦晓丹,吴凤芝.2004.土壤微生物多样性研究方法的进展[J].土壤通报,35(6):789-792
冷石林.1996.北方旱地作物自然降水生产潜力研究[J].中国农业气象,17(2): 11-14
李猛,韩清芳,贾志宽.2007.西北黄土高原农业节水战略探讨[J].安徽农业科学, 35(3):819-823
李庆春,靖学昌,王振学,等.2008.保护地蔬菜田连作障碍综合防治[J].西北园艺, (05):6
李祥云,赵明,高峻岭,等.2002.穴盘育苗基质的养分供应对蔬菜幼苗生长的影响[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版), 33 (4): 442-447
李顺鹏.2002.环境生物学[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 78-86
李平路,孙合军,张志军,等.2001.应用灰色关联度分析综合评价优质小麦新品种[J].种子科技, (2): 98-99
李合生.2000.植物生理生化实验原理与技术[M].北京高教出版社
李远新,李进辉,何莉莉,等.1997.氮磷钾配施对保护地番茄产量及品质的影响[J].中国蔬菜, 4:10 -13
李晶,阎秀峰,祖元刚.2000.低温胁迫下红松幼苗活性氧的产生及保护酶的变化[J].植物学报,42 (2): 148-152
李韵珠,黄元仿.1994.冬小麦N肥利用效率与水分供给关系研究,在李韵珠等编著的有效利用土壤中水肥,北京农业大学出版社, 139-148
李世清,李凤民,宋秋华.2001.半干旱地区农膜覆盖对作物产量和N效率的影响[J].应用生态学报, 12 (2): 205-209
李毅.2002.覆膜条件下土壤水、盐、热耦合迁移试验研究[D].西安:西安理工大学, 25-44
李毅,王文焰,等.2001.宽地膜覆盖条件下土壤温度场特征[J].农业工程学报, 17(3): 32-36
梁银丽.1996.土壤水分和氮磷营养对冬小麦根系生长及水分利用的调节[J].生态学报,16(3): 258-264
梁银丽,党廷辉,张成娥.2000.黄土区农田生态系统生产力研究[M].陕西科技出版社
梁运江,依艳丽,许广波,等.2006.水肥耦合效应的研究进展与展望[J].湖北农业科学, 45(3): 385-388
梁运江,依艳丽,尹英敏.2003.水肥耦合效应对辣椒产量影响初探[J].土壤通报, 34(4): 23-27
梁运江,许广波,依艳丽.2008.水肥耦合效应对辣椒Vc含量的影响[J].人民黄河, 30(10): 73-75
梁运江,依艳丽,许广波,等.2007.水肥耦合效应对保护地辣椒肥料氮、磷经济利用效率的影响[J].土壤通报, 38 (6): 1141-1144
林克惠.1996.施肥对农产品品质的影响[J].云南农业大学学报, 11(2): 114-120
林先贵.1991.土壤微生物学的研究进展和发展方向[J].土壤, 23(4): 210-213
林先贵,胡君利.2008.土壤微生物多样性的科学内涵及其生态服务功能[J].土壤学报, 45(5): 892-900
林文卿.1997.土壤板结对地面最高温度的影响[J].气象, 23 (5): 1-2
刘伟,徐坤,苏华,等.2007.氮素对菠菜衰老生理指标的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,13(6): 1110–1115
刘秀珍,郭丽娜,赵兴杰,等.2008.不同水分与氮肥形态配比对茼蒿养分吸收及产量的影响[A];中国土壤学会第十一届全国会员代表大会暨第七届海峡两岸土壤肥料学术交流研讨会论文集(上) [C] 刘玉洪.1992.哀牢山山地土壤温度的垂直结构特征[J].气象, 18 (12): 23-26
刘文杰,李红梅.1997.西双版纳人工雨林土壤温度变化规律[J].云南热作科技, 20(1): 16-20
刘永贤,曾祥难,欧清华,等.2007.水肥时空耦合在烟草上的研究进展[J].湖南农业科学, (3):54-56
刘伟,徐坤,苏华.2007.氮素对菠菜衰老生理指标的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 13(6):1110- 1115
刘代平,宋海星,刘强,等.2008.油菜根系形态生理特性与其N效率的关系[J].土壤, 40(5): 765-769
刘建新.2004.不同农田土壤酶活性与土壤养分相关关系研究[J].土壤通报, 35 (4): 523-525
吕德方,王险峰,刘赞林,等.2003.浅析调节土壤空气应注意的问题[J].现代化农业, (12): 16-17
吕雄杰,陆文龙,宋治文.2006.农田土壤温度和水分空间变异研究[J].灌溉排水学报, 25 (6): 79-81
吕家龙,李敏,钱伟,等.1992.蔬菜品质、标准和感观鉴定[J].长江蔬菜, (6): 3-5
罗海峰,齐鸿雁,薛凯,等.2003.PCR-DGGE技术在农田土壤微生物多样性研究中的应用[J].生态学报, 23(8): 1570-1575
马东升,赵广宇.1998.灰色关联度分析法在环境噪声监测优化布点上的应用[J].辽宁城乡环境科技, 18(2): 44-46
孟庆杰,许艳丽,李春杰,等.2008.不同施肥/土地利用方式对黑土细菌多样性的影响[J].大豆科学, 27 (3): 480-486
穆兴民.1999.水肥耦合效应与协同管理[M].北京:中国林业出版社, 18- 19, 38 南京农业大学主编.1988.土壤农化分析[M].农业出版社
聂庆娟,孟朝,梁海永.2007.低温胁迫对4种常绿阔叶植物膜脂过氧化及保护酶活性的影响[J].植物研究, 27 (5): 578-581
庞云.2006.温室无土栽培黄瓜水肥耦合效应研究初探[J].内蒙古农业科技, (6): 49-50
庞云.2006.樱桃番茄结果期叶片光合速率与水—肥的关系试验[J].内蒙古农业科技, (S1): 25-26
裴海琨.2001.不同施肥量对天然草地土壤酶活性的影响[J].青海畜牧首兽医报, (2): 15-16
彭世彰,朱成立.2003.作物节水灌溉需水规律研究[J].节水灌溉, (2): 5-7
阮英,刘开朗,申琳,等.2006.番茄果实成熟衰老过程中果肉和种子活性氧代谢的变化[J].园艺学报, 33 (1): 63-67
沈玉芳,李世清,邵明安.2007.水肥空间组合对冬小麦生物学性状及生物量的影响[J].中国农业科学, 40(8):1822-1829
沈明珠,翟宝杰,东惠茹,等.1982.蔬菜硝酸盐累积的研究Ⅰ.不同蔬菜硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐含量评价[J].园艺学报, 9 (4): 41-48
沈宏,曹志洪,徐本生.1999.玉米生长期间土壤微生物量与土壤酶变化及其相关性分析[J].应用生态学报, 10(4): 471-474
沈宏,曹志洪,胡正义.1999.土壤活性有机碳的表征及其生态效应[J].生态学杂志, 18(3): 32-38
施建忠,王天铎.1996.小麦冠层不同层次叶片水分利用效率的研究-光合速率与蒸腾速率之比(P/T)的模拟[M].农田生态试验研究.北京:气象出版社, 1-13
宋小南,张贵龙,凌平.2002.用灰色关联度分析法综合评价红麻新品种[J].中国麻业, 24 (2): 1-4
宋日,吴春胜,牟金明.2002.玉米根茬留田对土壤微生物量碳和酶活性动态变化特征的影响[J].应用生态学报, 13(3):303-306
孙存普,张建中,段绍瑾.1999.自由基生物学导论[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社, 237- 240
孙瑞莲,朱鲁生,赵秉强,等.2004.长期施肥对土壤微生物的影响及其在养分调控中的作用[J].应用生态学报, 15 (10): 1907-1910
孙文涛,张玉龙,王思林.2005.滴灌条件下水肥耦合对温室番茄产量效应的研究[J].土壤通报, 36(2): 59-62
孙进,徐阳春,沈其荣,等.2001.施用保水剂和稻草覆盖对作物和土壤的效应[J].应用生态学报, 12(5): 731-734
孙波,赵其国,张桃林,等.1997.土壤质量与持续环境Ⅱ土壤质量评价的生物指标[J].土壤, 29 (5): 225-234
唐启义,冯明光.2002.实用统计分析及其DPS数据处理系统[M].科学出版社
王秀娟.2001.陕西农业产业化实践及对策[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版), 1(2):50-52
王亚琴,梁承邺,黄江康.2002.植物叶片衰老的特性、基因表达及调控[J].华南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 23 (3): 87- 901
王会肖,刘昌明.2000.作物水分利用效率内涵及研究进展[J].水科学进展, 11(1): 99-103
王景伟,朱铁林,王海泽.2007.水肥耦合对大豆生长发育的正交设计实验研究[J].大豆通报, (06): 17-20
王绍辉,张福墁.2000.不同土壤含水量对日光温室黄瓜生理特性的影响[J].中国蔬菜,增刊:26-29
王绍辉,张福墁.2002.不同水分处理对日光温室黄瓜叶片光合特性的影响[J].植物学通报, 19 (6):727-733
王朝辉,宗志强,李生秀,等.2002.蔬菜的硝态氮累积及菜地土壤的硝态氮残留[J].环境科学, 23 (3): 79-83
王娟,李德全,谷令坤.2002.不同抗旱性玉米幼苗根系抗氧化系统对水分胁迫的反应[J].西北植物学报, 22 (22): 285-290
王晓云,李向东,邹琦.2001.施氮对花生叶片多胺代谢及衰老的调控作用[J].作物学报, 27(4):442- 446
王敏,张从宇,马同富,等.2004.大豆品种苗期抗旱性研究[J].中国油料作物学报, 26 (3): 29-32
王振宇,吕金印,李凤民,等.2006.根际沉积及其在植物-土壤碳循环中的作用[J].应用生态学报, 17(10): 1963-1968
王俊华,尹睿,张华勇,等.2007.长期定位施肥对农田土壤酶活性及其相关因素的影响[J].生态环境, l6 (1): 191-196
王铁良,李晶晶,李波.2009.不同灌溉方式对日光温室土壤温度的影响[J].北方园艺, (2): 27-29
王健,梁运江,许广波,等.2006.水肥耦合效应对保护地辣椒叶片叶绿素含量的影响[J].延边大学农学学报, 28(4): 287-292
魏国强,孙治强,常高正,等.2000.不同施肥量对温室基质栽培番茄产量与品质的影响[J].河南农业大学学报, 34(4):385-387
吴夏蕊,彭世彰.2004.设施农业中水分调控与水分利用效率关系研究[J].沈阳农业大学学报, 35(5-6): 604-606
吴凤芝,赵凤艳.2002.保护地黄瓜连作对土壤生物化学性质的影响[J].农业系统科学与综合研究, 18 (1): 20-22
吴凤芝,王学征.2007.设施黄瓜连作和轮作中土壤微生物群落多样性的变化及其与产量品质的关系[J].中国农业科学, 40(10): 2274-2280
夏北成,Zhou JZ, Tiedje JM.1998a.土壤微生物群落及其活性与植被的关系[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版), 37 (3): 94-98
夏北成,Zhou JZ, James M Tiedje.1998b.植被对土壤微生物群落结构的影响[J].应用生态学报, 9 (3): 296-300
夏文汇.1999.运用灰色和马尔柯夫模型预测企业素质要素[J].重庆工学院学报, 13 (5): 34-38
向毓意,杜军,马玉才.1999.西藏高原深层地温气候特征分析[J].西藏科技, (5): 56-58
肖慈英,阮宏华,屠六邦.2002.宁镇山区不同森林土壤生物学特性的研究[J].应用生态学报, 13(9): 1077-1080
谢大森.2000.长斑豆目标性状的灰关联分析研究[J].江西农业大学学报, 22(2): 279-281
谢华,沈荣开,徐成剑,等.2003.水、氮效应与叶绿素关系试验研究[J].中国农村水利水电, 8:40-43
谢林花,吕家珑,张一平. 2004.长期不同施肥对石灰性土壤微生物磷及磷酸酶的影响[J].生态学杂志, 23(4):65-68
熊汉琴,王朝辉,陈修斌.2006.芹菜施钾效应研究[J].陕西农业科学, (6): 14-16
徐福利,梁银丽,陈志杰,等.2007.减少蔬菜硝酸盐含量的施肥技术[J].西北园艺, (05):44-45
徐福利,梁银丽,张成娥,等.2004.施肥对日光温室黄瓜生长和土壤生物学特性的影响[J].应用生态学报, 15(7): 1227-1230
徐振剑,华珞,蔡典雄,等.2007.农田水肥关系研究现状[J].首都师范大学学报(自然科学版), 28(1): 83-88
徐晶,陈婉华.2003.不同施肥处理对湖南红壤中微生物数量及酶活性的影响[J].土壤肥料, (5): 8-12
徐坤,郑国生,王秀峰.2001.施氮量对生姜群体光合特性及产量和品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 7 (2):189-193
徐强,程智慧,孟焕文,等.2007.玉米-线辣椒套作系统中土壤养分与根际土壤微生物、酶活性的关系[J].应用生态学报, 18 (12): 2747-2754
许志刚,张世光,姬广海.2001.植物病原细菌的Biolog系统鉴定及其多元统计初析[J].应用与环境生物报, 7 (3): 288-290
薛铸,史海滨,郭云,等.2007.盐渍化土壤水肥耦合对向日葵苗期生长影响的试验[J].农业工程学报, 23 (3): 91- 94
杨根平,王韶俊.1990.离体叶片作为植物抗旱指标的探讨[J].华北农学报, 5 (增刊) : 88- 91
杨红,姜虹,赖卫,等.2009.水肥耦合对辣椒产量和品质协同提高的研究[J].长江蔬菜, (6): 53-56
杨梅学,姚檀栋,丁永建,等.1999.藏北高原土壤温度的日变化[J].环境科学, 20(3): 5-8
杨永华,姚健.2000.农药污染对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响[J].微生物学杂志, 20 (2):23-25
杨春霞,朱莲,柳林景,等.2002.氮钾肥用量对春甘蓝产量和品质的影响[J].蔬菜, (1): 29-31
姚静,邹志荣,杨猛.2004.日光温室水肥耦合对甜瓜产量影响研究初探[J].西北植物学报, 24(5): 136-140
姚磊,杨阿明.1997.不同水分胁迫对番茄生长的影响[J].华北农学报, 12(2):100-106
姚槐应,黄昌勇,等.2006.土壤微生物生态学及其实验技术[M].科学出版社
姚文波.2005.解决黄土高原水资源短缺问题的途径[J].甘肃农业科技, (1):25-27
姚健,杨永华,沈晓蓉.2000.农用化学品污染对土壤微生物群落DNA序列多样性的影响[J].生态学报, 20 (6): 1021-1027
依艳丽,梁运江,张大庚.2006.不同水肥处理对辣椒保护地土壤温度和CO2的影响[J].土壤通报, 7(5): 875-880
殷凤生,林国平,孙学永.1995.用灰色关联度分析法对离子注入烟草生物效应综合评价[J].安徽农学通报, 1 (2): 46-47
由海霞,梁银丽.2005.陕北设施农业的效益分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版), 5(4):5-9
尤彩霞.2005.两种有机肥对日光温室黄瓜生育和土壤环境影响的研究[M].中国农业大学硕士学位论文, 8-9
虞娜,张玉龙,黄毅.2003.温室滴灌施肥条件下水肥耦合对番茄产量影响的研究[J].土壤通报, 34(3): 20-24
于俊红,彭智平,黄继川.2008.DA-6对花生花期干旱胁迫下的生理效应[J].热带作物学报, 29 (4): 465-467
于爱忠,黄高宝,冯福学.2009.不同耕作措施对冬小麦农田土壤水分与温度的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究, 27 (1): 84-88
袁玲.1997.长期施肥对土壤酶活性和氮磷养分的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 3(4): 300-307
袁丽萍,米国全,赵灵芝,等.2008.水氮耦合供应对日光温室番茄产量和品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料, (2): 69-73
员学锋,汪有科.2008.不同保墒条件下土壤温度日变化效应研究[J].灌溉排水学报, 27(3): 82-85
曾玲玲,张兴梅,洪音.2008.长期施肥与耕作方式对土壤酶活性的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料, (2): 27-31
曾燕舞.2003.水氮处理对两种蔬菜品质和土壤水氮资源利用影响的研究[M],中国农业大学硕士学位论文, 3-4
翟胜,梁银丽,王巨媛,等.2005.干旱半干旱地区日光温室黄瓜水分生产函数的研究[J].农业工程学报, 21(4):136-139
张乃明.2006.设施农业理论与实践[M].化学工业出版社
张西平,赵胜利,张旭东,等.2007.不同灌水处理对温室黄瓜形态及光合作用指标的影响[J].农业工程科学, 23(6): 622-625
张洁瑕,刘树庆,胡吉敏.2008.高寒半干旱区水肥耦合对西芹收获期硝酸盐效应研究[J].中国土壤与肥料, (6):39-45
张永清.1998.氮钾配施对菠菜产量和品质的影响[J].北方园艺, 16(2): 16-17
张炳欣,陈晓斌,楼兵干.2000.Biolog系统鉴定黄瓜根围促声菌的初步研究[J].微生物学报, 27 (6):403-407
张迎朝,时志强.1998.用灰色相对变率关联度分析法确定影响油气井产量因素的权重[J].石油勘探与开发, 25(2): 73-74
张新天,罗晓辉.2001.灰色理论与模型在交通量预测中的应用[J].公路, (08): 4-7
张宪法,于贤昌,张振贤.2002.土壤水分对温室嫁接和非嫁接黄瓜生长与生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报, 13(1):1399-1402
张新明,李华兴,吴文良.2002.氮素肥料对环境与蔬菜的污染及其合理调控途径[J].土壤通报, 33 (6): 471 -475
张亚洁,林强森,孙斌,等.2005.种植方式对水稻和陆稻N素吸收利用的影响[J].中国水稻科学, 19 (6): 539-544
张学军,赵营,陈晓群,等.2007.滴灌施肥中施氮量对两年蔬菜产量、氮素平衡及土壤硝态氮累积的影响[J].中国农业科学, 40(11): 2535-2545
张华勇,王俊华,尹睿,等. 2007.长期定位施肥对农田土壤酶活性及其相关因素的影响[J].生态环境, l6(1):191-196
章家恩,蔡燕飞,高爱霞,等.2004.土壤微生物多样性实验研究方法概述[J].土壤, 36 (4): 346-350
章家恩,刘文高,胡刚.2002.不同土地利用方式下土壤微生物数量与土壤肥力的关系[J].土壤与环境, 11 (2): 140-143
赵则胜.1995.中国特种稻[M].上海:上海科技出版社, 102-114
赵凤艳,魏自民,陈翠玲.2001.氮肥用量对蔬菜产量和品质的影响[J].农业系统科学与综合研究, 17 (l): 43-44
赵义涛,梁运江,许广波.2007.水肥耦合对保护地辣椒水分利用效率的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,29 (5): 523-527,546
中国科学院南京土壤研究所微生物室编.1985.土壤微生物研究法[M].北京:科学出版社, PP: 40-273
周博,周建斌.2009.不同水肥调控措施对日光温室土壤水分和番茄水分利用效率的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 37(1): 211-216
周治安,田应兵,秦志经,等.1990.汉平原棉田酶活性[J].土壤肥料, (3): 25-27
周德庆.1993.微生物学教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,: 1,281-282
周才平,欧阳华.2001.温度和湿度对长白山两种林型下土壤氮矿化的影响[J].应用生态学报, 12 (4): 505–508
朱祖祥.1982.土壤学[M].农业出版社
邹志荣.2005.陕西省设施农业发展的关键问题及解决途径, http://www.sxylqx.com/ zjlt/list/174.html
邹志荣,李清明,贺忠群.2005.不同灌溉上限对温室黄瓜结瓜期生长动态、产量及品质的影响[J].农业工程学报, 21(S): 77-81
Abasiofiok M Ibekwe, Ann C Kennedy. 1998. Phospholipid fatty acid profiles and carbon utilization patterns for analysis of microbial community structure under field and greenhouse conditions [J] Microbiology Ecology, 26(2): 151-163
Abdul K, Yesvia D, Edi S, et al. 1994. Activities of soil enzymes in different land-use systems in middle terrace areas of landPung Povrinec[J]. south Sum Baruah Metal. Soil boil. Biochem, (4): 423
Aber JD. 1992. Nitrogen cycling and nitrogen saturation intemperate forest ecosystems [J]. Trends in Ecology and Evo-lution, 7: 220-223
Amann RI, Ludwig W, Schleifer KH. 1995. Phylogenetic identification and in situ detection of individual microbial cells without cultivation[J]. Microbiological Review, 59: 143-169
Ann C Kennedy, Virginia L Gewin.1997.Soil Microbial Diversity: Present and future considerations [J]. Soil Microbial Diversity, 162(9): 607 - 615
Arnon I.1975. Physiological principles of Dry and Crop Production [A]. In: Gupta US. Physiological Aspects of Dryland Farming[C].New York: Universal Press: 3- 124
Arnebrant K E Beath, Sderstrm B. 1990.Changes in micro-fungal community structure after fertilisation of Scots pine forest soil with ammonium nitrate or urea[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 22: 309-312
Atlas RM.1984.Use of microbial diversity measurements to assess environmental stress. In: Klug, M.J. and Reddy, C.A. (eds.), Current Perspectives in Microbial Ecology. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C., PP: 540-545
Baianchi G, Avato P. 1984.Surface waxes from grain, leaves, and husks of maize (zeamays L) [J].Cereal Chem, 61: 45-47
Bardgett RD, Lovell RD, Hobbs PJ, et al.1999.Sesaonal changes in s oilmicr obial communities along a fertility gradient of temperate grasslands[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 31: 1021-1030
Blair GJ, Lefroy RDB.1995.Soil C fractions based on their degree of oxidation and the developmentof a C management index for agricultural systems[J]. Aust.J.Agri. Res. 46: 1459-1466
Bock BR, 1984.Efficient use of nitrogen in cropping systems. In: hauck RDed, Nitrogen in crop production. Am Soc. Agon. Madison, wis USA. PP: 273-294
Borosia J, Romic D, Dolanjski D, et al.2000. 8th International symposium on timing of field production in vegetable crops[J], Bari, Italy, Acta-Horticulture, (53): 451-459
Bossio DA, Scow KM. 1998. Impacts of carbon and flooding on soil microbial communities: phospholipid fatty acid profiles and substrate utilization patterns[J]. Microbial Ecology, 35: 265-278
Bossio DA, Scow KM, Gunapala N, et al. 1998.Determinants of soil microbial communities: effects of agricultural management, season, and soil type on phosphor lipid fatty acid profiles[J]. Microbial Ecology, 36: 1-12
Bridge Paul, BrianSpooner.2001.Soil fungi: Diversity and detection. Plant and Soil, 232: 147-154
Brown JW.1986.A catalogue of splice junction and putative branch point sequences from plant introns[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 14: 9549-9559
Bums RG, Pukite AH, Mclaren AD.1972.Concerning the location and persistence of soil urease[J]. Soil Seienec Soc.Am J, (36): 308-314
Burns RG. 1994. Soil Enzyme[M].Chelsea, USA:Lewis publishers: 93-97
Cavigelli MA, Robertson GP.2001.Role of denitrifier diversity in rates of nitrous oxide consumption in a terrestrial ecosystem [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 33(3): 297-310
Cavigelli MA, Lengnick LL, Buyer JS, et al.2005.Landscape level variation in soil resources and microbial properties in a no-till corn field [J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 29(2): 99-123
Coote DR, Ramsey, JF.1986.Quantification of the effects of over 35 years of intensive cultivation of four soils[J]. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 63: 1-4
Daniel I, Leskovar A, Meriri.1995.Irrigation timing affects fruit number and yield of water-melon [J]. Texal A&M Agricultural Research& Extension center at Uvalde: 1-2
Davidson EA, Belk E, Boone RD.1998.Soil water content and temperature as independent or confounded factors controlling soil respiration in a temperate mixed hardwood forest[J]. Global Change Biology, 4: 217-227
Debarros LM, Soden A, Henschke PA, et al.1996.PCR differentiation of commercial yeast strains using intron splice site primers[J]. Appl Environ Microbiol, 62(12): 4514-4520
Deborah A Bossio, Jacob A Fleck, Kate M Scow, Roger Fujii.2006.Alteration of soil microbial communities and water quality in restored wetlands [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38(6): 1223-1233
Degens BP.1998.Microbia functional diversity can be influenced by the addition of simple organic substrates to soil[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 30: 1981-1988
Dejong E, Schappert HJV, Macdonald KB.1974.Carbon dioxid evolution from virgin and cultivated soil as affected by man-agement practices and climate [J].Can J Soil Sci, 54: 29-307
Dick RP.1992.A review: long-term effects of agricultural systems on soil biochemical and microbial parameters[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 40: 25-36
Doran JW.1994. Defining soil quality for a sustainable environment[C]. Madison, Wisconsin: soil society of America special publication, (35): 32-34
Douglas A, Claren M, George H, et al.1975.Soil Biochmistry[M]. New York: Marceldekker, INC: 52-57
Ed-Huan Chang, Ren-Shih Chung, et al.2007.Effect of different application rates of organic fertilizer on soil enzyme activity and microbial pollution [J]. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 53: 132-140
Elsas J D van , Smalla K.1995.Extraction of microbial community DNA from soils1 In : Akkermans ADL, van Elsas JD, de Bruijn F J.eds. Molecular Microbial Ecology Manual. Kluwer Academic Publishers Fang C, Moncrieff JB.1999.A model for soil CO2 production antransport: model development [J]. Agricultural and Fores Meteorology, 95: 225-236
Fauci MF, Dick RP.1994.Soil microbial dynamics: short and long-term effects of organic and inorganic nitrogen [J]. Soil Sci. Soci. of America Journal, 58: 801-808
Flaishman MA, Hwang CS, Kolattukudy PE.1995.Involvement of protein phosphorylation in the induction of appressorium formation in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by its host surface wax and ethylene[J]. Physiol. Molecular Plant Pathology, 47:103-117
Fog K.1988.The effect of added nitrogen on the rate of decomposition of organic matter [J]. Biological Review, 63: 433-462
Fu L, Cheng W X, Susfalk R.2002.Rhizospere respiration vari with plant species and phenology: a greenhouse pot experiment[J]. Plant and Soil, 239,133-140
Gagnon B, Lalande R, Simard R.2000.Soil enzyme activities following Paper sludge addition in a winter cabbage-sweet corn rotation[J]. Soil Science, (80): 91-97
Garland JL, Mills AL.1991.Classification and characterization of heterotrophic microbial communities using patterns of potential C source utilization [J]. Soil Biol Biochem, 28: 213-221
Garton RW, Widders IE.1990.Nitrogen and phosphorus preconditioning of small-plug seedlings influence processing tomato productivity[J]. Hort. Science, (25): 655-657
Gifford RM, Evans LT.1981.Photosynthesis,carbon partitioning,and yield[J]. Annu.Rev.Plant Physiol., 32: 485-509
Goyal S, Mishra MM, Hooda IS, et al.1992.Organic matter-microbial biomass relationships in field experiments under tropical conditions: effects of inorganic fertilization and organic amendments [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 24: 1081-1084
Harold P Collins, Michel A Cavigelli.2003.Soil microbial community characteristics along an elevation gradient in the Laguna Mountains of Southern California [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 35(8): 1027-1037
Hawkins JD.1998.A survey on intron and exon length[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 16: 9893- 9905
Heath RL, Packer L.1968. Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts. I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 125:189-198
Hsiao TC.1973.Plant responses to water stress[J]. Annu.Rev.Plant Physiol., 24 : 519-570
Inal A, Gunes A, Aipaslan M, et al.1998.Nitrate versus chloride nutrition effeets in a soil-Plant system on the growth, nitrate accumulation, and nitrogen, Potassium, sodium, calcium, and chloride content of carrot [J]. J-Plant-nutri, Monticello, NY: Marcel. Dekker Inc. 21(9): 2001-2011
Jay L Garland.1996.Analytical approaches to the characterization of samples of microbial communities using patterns of potential C source utilization[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 28(2): 213-221
Jeffrey S Buyer, Donald D Kaufman.1997.Microbial diversity in the rhizosphere of corn grown under conventional and low-input systems [J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 5(1): 21-27
Jom NS.1999.Nitrogen effects on vegetable crops Production and chemical composition [J]. Acta Horticulturae, 506: 41-50
Kanazawa S, Asakawa S, Takai Y.1988.Effect on fertilizer and manure application on microbial numbers,biomass, and enzyme activities in volcanic ash soils. I.Microbial numbers and biomass carbon [J]. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 34: 429-439
Kaye JP, Hart SC.1997.Competition for nitrogen between plants and soil microorganisms[J]. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 12: 139-142
Kennydy AC, Smith KL.1995.Soil microbial diversity and the sustainability of agricultural soils[J]. Plant and Soil, 170: 75 - 86
Knief C, Lipski A, Dunfield PF.2003.Diversity and activity of methanotrophic bacteria in different upland soils [J]. Appl Environ Microbiol, 69(11): 6703-6714
Krystyna E, Irena B.1999.Infiuence of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on quality of fresh and frozen broccoli[J]. Vegetable crops research bulletin, 50: 93-106
Kuisma R.2002.Efficiency of split nitrogen fertilization with adjusted irrigation on Potato[J]. Agricultural and food science in Finland, 11(l): 59-74
Lecoeur J, Wery J, Turc O, et al.1995.Expansion of pea leaves subjected to short water deficit: Cell number and cell size are sensitive to stress at different periods of leaf development[J]. J.Exp.Bot.,46(9): 1093-1101
Leece DR.1976.Composition and ultra structure of leaf cuticles from fruit trees, relative to differential foliar absorption [J]. Austral J Plant Physiol, 3: 833-847
Liang YC, Chen Q, Liu Q, et al.2003.Exogenous silicon (Si) increases antioxidant enzyme activity and reduces lipid per oxidation in roots of salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)[J]. J. Plant Physiol., 160: 1157- 1164
Liptay A, Nicholls S.1993.Nitrogen supply during greenhouse transplant production affects subseguent tomato root growth in the field[J]. J-Am-Soc-Hortic-Sci. 20(3): 207-220
Lothar Wünsche, Lutz Brüggemann, Wolfgang Babel.1995.Determination of substrate utilization patterns of soil microbial communities: An approach to assess population changes after hydrocarbon pollution [J]. Microbiology Ecology, 17(1): 295-305
Lovell RD, Jarvis SC, Bardgett RD.1995.Soil microbial biomass and activity in long-term grassland: effects of management change[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 27: 969-975
Loyons JM.1973. Chilling injury in plants[J]. Plant Physical, 24: 445-446
Luo Y, Yan S, Hui D, et al.2001.Acclimatization of soil respiration to warming in a tall grass prairie[J]. Nature, 413: 622-625
Lupwayi NZ, Monreal MA, Clayton GW, et al.2001.Soil microbial biomass and diversity respond to tillage and sulphur fertilizers [J]. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, (81): 577-589
Lynch JM, Panting LM.1982.Effects of season, cultivation and nitrogen fertilizer on the size of the soil microbial biomass [J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 33: 249-252
Macfadyen A.1970.Simple methods for measuring and maintaining the proportion of carbon dioxide in air for use in ecological studies of soil respiration[J]. Soil Biol . Biochem. 2: 9-18
Mantens DA, Johanson JB, Frakenberger WT.1992.Production and persistence of soil enzymes with repeated additions of oaganic residues [J]. Soil sci., 153: 59-61Mashingsidze AB, Chivinge OA, Zishiri C.1996.The effects of clear and black mulch on soil
temperature, weed seed viability and seedling emergence, growth and yield of tomatoes[J]. J of Applied Sci in southern Africa, 2: 6-14
Mclaren AD, et al.1975.Isolation of hurns with enzyme activity from soil[J], soil SCI., 2: 178-180
Melton RR, Dufault RJ.1991. Nitrogen, Phosporus, and potassium fertility regimes affect tomato transplant growth[J]. HortScience, 26(2): 141-142
Meng FL, Qiang XL, She KJ, et al.2007.Genetic diversity analysis among hulless barley varieties from the major agricultural areas of Tibet[J].crop , 33 (11): 1910-1914
Moll RH, Kamprath EJ, Jackson WA.1982.Analysis and interpretation of factors which contribution efficiency of nitrogen utilization [J]. Agro. J., 74: 562-568
Mozafar A.1993.Nitrogen fertilizers and the amount if vitamins in Plants [J]. a review.J.of Plant Nutrition, 16(12): 2479-2506
MuYzer G, Smalla K.1999.Application of denaturing gradient gel elect rophoresis (DGGE) and temperature gradient gel eletrophoresis in microhial ecology [J]. Antonie van Leeuwenhock, 73: 127-141
Nei M, Li W.1979.Mathematical model for studying genetic variation in terms of restriction endonucleases[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 76: 5269–5273
Neilson JW, Pepper IL.1990.Soil respiration as and index of soil aeration[J]. Soil Sci . Soc. Am. J., 54: 428 - 432
Osborn AM, Moore ERB, Timmis KN.2000.An evaluation of termination-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (T-RFLP) analysisfor the study of microbial community structure and dynamics [J]. Environ Microbiol, 2: 39-50
Papatheodorou EM, Argyropoulou MD, Stamou GP.2004.The effects of large- and small-scale differences in soil temperature and moisture on bacterial functional diversity and the community of bacterivorous nematodes[J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 25: 37-49
Paseual B, MarotoJV, Sanbautista A, et al.2000.Influence of watering on the yield and cracking of cherry, fresh market and Proeessing tomatoes [J]. The joumal of horticultural seience &biotechnology, 75(2): 171-175
Percy KE, Cape JN, Jagels R, Simpson CJ.1994.Air pollutants and the leaf cuticle[C]. Springer Verlag, Berlin, 195-204
Rafalski A, Gidzińska M, Wi?niewska I.1997.PCR-based systems for evaluation of relationships among maize inbreds. In: Tsaftaris A ed. Genetics, Biotechnology and Breeding of Maize and Sorghum. Royal Soc. Chem,Cambridge, UK. 106-111
Ravi V, Lourduraj AC.1996.Comparative performance of plastic mulching on soil moisture content, soil temperature and yield of rain-fed cotton[J]. Madras Agric. J., 83: 709-711
Reiners WA.1968.Carbon dioxide evolution from the floor of three Minnesota forests[J]. Ecology. 49: 471-483
Richard Smith.2002.Evaluation of slow release fertilizers for winter vegetable production in the Salinas valley. Monterey Bay Region Ag Expo&Seminar, Watsonville.CA, 1-4
Russell G, Jarvis PG, Monteith JL.1989.Absorption of radiation by canopies and stand growth. Plant Canopies. Their Growth, Form and Function[M].New York:Cambridge Univ. Press:21-39
Sadras VO, Villalobos FJ, Fereres E, et al.1993.Leaf responses to soil water deficits:Comparativesensitivity of leaf expansion rate and leaf conductance in field-grown sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)[J]. Plant and Soil, 153(2):189-194
Sady W, Wojciechowska R, Rozek S.2001.The effect of form and replacement of N on yield and nitrate content of white cabbage [J]. Acta Hortic, 563: 123-128
Sarathchandra SU, Ghani A, Yeates GW, et al.2001.Effect of nitrogen and phosphate fertilisers on microbial and nematode diversity in pasture soils [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 33: 953-964
Schimel J.1995.Ecosystem consequences of microbial diversity and community structure. In: Chapin, F.S. and Korner, C.(eds.), Arctic and Alpine Biodiversity: Patterns, Causes, and Ecosystem Consequences.Springer Verlag, Berlin, PP: 239-254
Skujins J.1987.History of abiontic soil enzyme research in soil enzymes[M]. Acade press. London,: 1-49
Song WN, Henry R.1994.Polymorphisms in amy1 gene of wild and cultivated barley revealed by the polymerase chain reaction[J]. Theor Appl Genet, 89: 509-513
Song WN, Henry R.1995.Molecular analysis of the DNA polymorphism of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) using the polymerase chain reaction[J]. Genet Res Crop Evol, 42: 273-281
Song WN, Langridge P.1991.Identification and mapping of polymorphisms in cereals based on the polymerase chain reaction[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 82: 209-216
Sorensen JN, Burns IG, Bdending GD, et al.1991.Nitrogen effects on vegetable crop production and chemical composition[J]. Acta. Horticulture. (506): 41-49
Staddon WJ, Duchesne LC, Trevors JT.1998.Acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and arylsulfatase activities in soil from a jack pine Pinus banksiana Lamb. Ecosystem after clear-cutting, prescribed burning, and scarify cation. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 27: 1- 4
Stanislaw K, Jan R, Jacek D.1999.Response of leek to irrigation, fertigation and broadcast nitrogen fertilization[J]. Vegetable Crops Research Bulletin, 51: 39 - 48
Thomas H , Smart CM.1993.Crops that stay green[J]. Ann. Appl. Biol., 123: 193- 219
Thomas L, Thompsona, Thomas A.2000.Nitrogen and Water Interactions in Subsurface Drip-Irrigated Cauliflower[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 64: 412-418
Tiedje JM, Asuming-Brempong S, Nüsslein K, et al.1999.Opening the black box of soil microbial diversity. Applied Soil Ecology, 13 :1109-1122
Upendra M Sainju, Bhara P Singh. 1999, Tomato yield and soil quality as influenced by tillage, cover cropping and nitrogen fertilization, Hook(ed) proceedings of the 22nd Annual Southern conservation Tillage Conference for Sustainable Agriculture. Tifton, GA. Gerogia Agriculturee Experiment station special publication 95. Athens, GAP:104-113
Vanotti MB, Leclerc SA, Bundy LG.1995.Short-term effects of nitrogen fertilization on soil organic nitrogen availability[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 59: 1350-1359
Viets FG.1972.Water deficits and nutrient availability [A]. Kozlowski, T.T water deficits and plant growth [C]. Vol.Ⅲ. New York: Academic Press, 217- 236
Vigdis Lid Torsvik.1980.Isolation of bacterial DNA from soil[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 12(1): 15-21
Wardle DA.1992.A comparative assessment of factors which influence microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen levels in soil[J]. Biological Review, 67: 321-358
Wiant HV.1967.Influence of moisture content on“soil respiration”[J]. J For, 65: 902-903
Williams J.&Welsh J.1989.Characterization of phosphopeptides released during dialysis of edta-reacted highly purified DNA prepared from calf thymus nuclei [J]. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 163(2): 1135-1142
Yang YH, Yao J, et al.2000.Effects of agricultural chemicals on DNA sequence diversity of soil microbial community: a study with RAPD marker [J]. Microbial Ecology, 39: 72-79
Young Yeol Cho, Sungbong OH, Myong Min OH, et al.2007.Estimation of individual leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight of hydroponically grown cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) using leaf length, width, and SPAD value[J].Scientia Horticulturae, 111(4): 330-334
Zelles L, Bai QY, et al.1995.Determination of phosphor lipid and lipo polysaccharide derived fatty acid as an estimate of microbial biomass and community structures in soils [J]. Biol. Fertilizer soils, 19: 115-123
Zelles L.1999.Fatty acid patterns of phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides in the characterisation of microbial communities in soil[J]. a review.Biology and Fertility of Soils, 29: 111-129
Zeze A, Hosny M, Gianinazze-pearson V, et al.1996.Characterization of a highly repeated DNA sequence (SC1) of rom the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus scutellospora castanea and its detection in planta [J]. Appl Environ Microbiol, 62: 2438-2443
Zhai S, Liang YL, Zhang XS, et al.2008.Effects of soil mulching on cucumber quality, water use efficiency and soil environment in greenhouse[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 24(3): 65-71
Zhou JZ, Xia BC, Huang HS, et al.2003.Tiedje Bacterial phylogenetic diversity and a novel candidate division of two humid region, sandy surface soils Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 35(7): 915-924
鲍士旦. 2000.土壤农化法分析[M].中国农业出版社
毕宏文. 1997.水分对蔬菜产品质量影响[J].北方园艺, (06): 68-69
蔡燕飞,廖宗文. 2002.土壤微生物生态学研究方法进展.土壤与环境, 11(2):167~171
曹慧,孙辉,杨浩.2007.土壤酶活性及其对土壤质量的指示研究进展[J].应用与环境生物学报, 9(1):105-109
曹慧,崔中利,李顺鹏.2008.中国土壤生物学研究的回顾与展望[J].土壤学报, 45 (5): 830-836
陈永安,孙光丽.2003.加入WTO后中国园艺产业的机遇与对策[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版), 3(2):138-140
陈金平,刘祖贵,段爱旺.2007.温室黄瓜叶面积扩展与光合特性对水分的响应研究[J].中国生态农业学报, (1): 91-95
陈修斌,潘林,王勤礼,等.2006.温室番茄水肥耦合数学模型及其优化方案研究[J].南京农业大学学报,29(3): 138-141
陈修斌,邹志荣,熊汉琴.2004.温室茄子水肥耦合数学模型及其优化方案研究[J].水土保持研究, 11 (3): 201-204
陈修斌,杨彬,鄂利锋,等.2008.荒漠化地区温室芹菜水肥耦合效应研究量化管理指标[J].江苏农业学报, 24(5): 674-678
陈碧华,郜庆炉,杨和连,等.2008.日光温室膜下滴灌水肥耦合技术对番茄生长发育的影响[J].广东农业科学, (8): 63-65, 78
陈碧华,郜庆炉,段爱旺,等.2007.水肥耦合对番茄产量和硝酸盐含量的影响[J].河南农业科学, (5): 87-90
陈碧华,郜庆炉,杨和连,等.2008.日光温室内膜下滴灌水肥耦合技术对番茄品质的影响[J].江苏农业学报, 24 (4): 476-479
陈绍顺. 2004.防空信息战系统的灰色层次评价模型[J].电子对抗技术, 19 (2): 35-38
陈世平,陈光铭.2000.灰色系统理论在柑橘新品种综合评价中的应用初探[J].江西农业大学学报, 22 (2): 282-285
陈永芳,弓成林,程昌凤.2000.18个桔类品种果实品质的灰色关联分析[J] .四川农业大学学报, (2): 157-159
陈建生,唐拴虎,张发宝,等.2003.氮硫肥配施对菜心产量及品质的效应研究[J].土壤通报, 34(l): 36-39
陈丽娟,张新民,王小军.2008.不同土壤水分处理对膜上灌春小麦土壤温度的影响[J].农业工程学报, 24 (4): 9-13
崔崧,韩晓日,邹国元.2006.不同有机肥用量对黄瓜生长及养分吸收的影响[J].华北农学报, 21 (1): 125-128
党永华,吴金娥.2006.黄土高原区日光温室蔬菜发展的几点思考[J].中国农学通报, 22 (6):269-272
邓聚龙.1990.灰色系统理论教程[M].华中科技大学出版社
杜新富,王斌,刘晓峰. 2003.陕北发展设施农业与金融策略取向[J].西安金融, (6):46-47
杜社妮,张成娥,徐福利,等.2003.不同施肥对日光温室西红柿菜地土壤酶活性的影响[J].西北植物学报, (8): 165-168
樊军,郝明德. 2003.黄土高原旱地轮作与施肥长期定位试验研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 9 (1): 9-13
范爱武,刘伟,王崇琦.2003.不同环境条件下土壤温度日变化的计算模拟[J].太阳能学报,24(2): 167-171
傅声雷.2007.土壤生物多样性的研究概况与发展趋势[J].生物多样性, 15(2): 109-115
付秋实,陈青云,李志芳,等.2007.不同施肥处理对黄瓜养分吸收及光合产物分配的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报, (3): 109-112
付时丰,李中,杨李娟,等.2006.保护地栽培条件下灌溉方式对土壤温度的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,25(1):67-70
高素玲,王文贤,娄麦兰,等.1995.灰色关联度分析法应用于玉米杂交种综合评判的初探[J].玉米科学, 3 (2): 21-24
高俊凤. 2000.植物生理学实验技术[M].世界图书出版公司
高艳明,李建设.2000.日光温室滴灌辣椒水肥耦合效应研究[J].宁夏农学院学报,21(3): 39-45
高兵,任涛,李俊良.2008.灌溉策略及氮肥施用对设施番茄产量及氮素利用的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 14 (6):1104-1109
葛晓光. 2002.菜田土壤与施肥[M].北京:中国农业出版社:194- 195
关松荫.1986.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社
郭全忠,张建平,陈竹君,等.2008.肥水调控对日光温室番茄土壤养分和盐分累积的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报, 36 (7): 111-117
郭卫东,李袁瑞.1999.植物抗旱分子机理[J].西北农业大学学报, , 27 (4): 102- 107
韩兴国,王智平.2003.土壤生物多样性与微量气体(CO2、CH4、N2O)代谢[J].生物多样性, 11 (4) : 322-332
何苏阳,施宝正.1998.灰关联度法在综合评估中的应用[J].石油大学学报, 22(3): 120-122
侯彦林,王曙光,郭伟,等.2004.尿素施肥量对土壤微生物和酶活性的影响[J].土壤通报,35(3): 301-305
胡承孝,邓波儿.1997.氮肥对小白菜、番茄供食器官品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 3(1): 85-89
胡昌浩,王群瑛.1987.玉米不同叶位叶片叶绿素与光合强度变化规律的研究[J].山东农业大学学报, 20(1):50-54
胡文海,陈春霞,胡雪华.2008.干旱胁迫对2种辣椒植株形态可塑性与持水力的影响[J].江西农业大学学报, 30 (4): 643-647
黄承标,莫柳艳,黄炳京,等.2002.草坪绿地对土壤温度的调节作用[J].壤与环境, 11 (1): 29-31
黄冠华,冯绍元,等.1999.滴灌玉米水肥耦合效应的田间试验研究[J].中国农业大学学报,4(6): 48-52
黄昌勇.2000.土壤学[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 50-55
惠俊爱,叶庆生.2008.短期CO2加富对凤梨光合作用及生长发育的影响[J].植物生态学报,32(2): 424-430
蒋文琼,王冬梅,李永贵,等.2004.灰色关联度分析法在产业结构调整中的应用—以石匣小流域为例[J].中国水土保持科学, 2 (2): 107-110
焦晓丹,吴凤芝.2004.土壤微生物多样性研究方法的进展[J].土壤通报,35(6):789-792
冷石林.1996.北方旱地作物自然降水生产潜力研究[J].中国农业气象,17(2): 11-14
李猛,韩清芳,贾志宽.2007.西北黄土高原农业节水战略探讨[J].安徽农业科学, 35(3):819-823
李庆春,靖学昌,王振学,等.2008.保护地蔬菜田连作障碍综合防治[J].西北园艺, (05):6
李祥云,赵明,高峻岭,等.2002.穴盘育苗基质的养分供应对蔬菜幼苗生长的影响[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版), 33 (4): 442-447
李顺鹏.2002.环境生物学[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 78-86
李平路,孙合军,张志军,等.2001.应用灰色关联度分析综合评价优质小麦新品种[J].种子科技, (2): 98-99
李合生.2000.植物生理生化实验原理与技术[M].北京高教出版社
李远新,李进辉,何莉莉,等.1997.氮磷钾配施对保护地番茄产量及品质的影响[J].中国蔬菜, 4:10 -13
李晶,阎秀峰,祖元刚.2000.低温胁迫下红松幼苗活性氧的产生及保护酶的变化[J].植物学报,42 (2): 148-152
李韵珠,黄元仿.1994.冬小麦N肥利用效率与水分供给关系研究,在李韵珠等编著的有效利用土壤中水肥,北京农业大学出版社, 139-148
李世清,李凤民,宋秋华.2001.半干旱地区农膜覆盖对作物产量和N效率的影响[J].应用生态学报, 12 (2): 205-209
李毅.2002.覆膜条件下土壤水、盐、热耦合迁移试验研究[D].西安:西安理工大学, 25-44
李毅,王文焰,等.2001.宽地膜覆盖条件下土壤温度场特征[J].农业工程学报, 17(3): 32-36
梁银丽.1996.土壤水分和氮磷营养对冬小麦根系生长及水分利用的调节[J].生态学报,16(3): 258-264
梁银丽,党廷辉,张成娥.2000.黄土区农田生态系统生产力研究[M].陕西科技出版社
梁运江,依艳丽,许广波,等.2006.水肥耦合效应的研究进展与展望[J].湖北农业科学, 45(3): 385-388
梁运江,依艳丽,尹英敏.2003.水肥耦合效应对辣椒产量影响初探[J].土壤通报, 34(4): 23-27
梁运江,许广波,依艳丽.2008.水肥耦合效应对辣椒Vc含量的影响[J].人民黄河, 30(10): 73-75
梁运江,依艳丽,许广波,等.2007.水肥耦合效应对保护地辣椒肥料氮、磷经济利用效率的影响[J].土壤通报, 38 (6): 1141-1144
林克惠.1996.施肥对农产品品质的影响[J].云南农业大学学报, 11(2): 114-120
林先贵.1991.土壤微生物学的研究进展和发展方向[J].土壤, 23(4): 210-213
林先贵,胡君利.2008.土壤微生物多样性的科学内涵及其生态服务功能[J].土壤学报, 45(5): 892-900
林文卿.1997.土壤板结对地面最高温度的影响[J].气象, 23 (5): 1-2
刘伟,徐坤,苏华,等.2007.氮素对菠菜衰老生理指标的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,13(6): 1110–1115
刘秀珍,郭丽娜,赵兴杰,等.2008.不同水分与氮肥形态配比对茼蒿养分吸收及产量的影响[A];中国土壤学会第十一届全国会员代表大会暨第七届海峡两岸土壤肥料学术交流研讨会论文集(上) [C] 刘玉洪.1992.哀牢山山地土壤温度的垂直结构特征[J].气象, 18 (12): 23-26
刘文杰,李红梅.1997.西双版纳人工雨林土壤温度变化规律[J].云南热作科技, 20(1): 16-20
刘永贤,曾祥难,欧清华,等.2007.水肥时空耦合在烟草上的研究进展[J].湖南农业科学, (3):54-56
刘伟,徐坤,苏华.2007.氮素对菠菜衰老生理指标的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 13(6):1110- 1115
刘代平,宋海星,刘强,等.2008.油菜根系形态生理特性与其N效率的关系[J].土壤, 40(5): 765-769
刘建新.2004.不同农田土壤酶活性与土壤养分相关关系研究[J].土壤通报, 35 (4): 523-525
吕德方,王险峰,刘赞林,等.2003.浅析调节土壤空气应注意的问题[J].现代化农业, (12): 16-17
吕雄杰,陆文龙,宋治文.2006.农田土壤温度和水分空间变异研究[J].灌溉排水学报, 25 (6): 79-81
吕家龙,李敏,钱伟,等.1992.蔬菜品质、标准和感观鉴定[J].长江蔬菜, (6): 3-5
罗海峰,齐鸿雁,薛凯,等.2003.PCR-DGGE技术在农田土壤微生物多样性研究中的应用[J].生态学报, 23(8): 1570-1575
马东升,赵广宇.1998.灰色关联度分析法在环境噪声监测优化布点上的应用[J].辽宁城乡环境科技, 18(2): 44-46
孟庆杰,许艳丽,李春杰,等.2008.不同施肥/土地利用方式对黑土细菌多样性的影响[J].大豆科学, 27 (3): 480-486
穆兴民.1999.水肥耦合效应与协同管理[M].北京:中国林业出版社, 18- 19, 38 南京农业大学主编.1988.土壤农化分析[M].农业出版社
聂庆娟,孟朝,梁海永.2007.低温胁迫对4种常绿阔叶植物膜脂过氧化及保护酶活性的影响[J].植物研究, 27 (5): 578-581
庞云.2006.温室无土栽培黄瓜水肥耦合效应研究初探[J].内蒙古农业科技, (6): 49-50
庞云.2006.樱桃番茄结果期叶片光合速率与水—肥的关系试验[J].内蒙古农业科技, (S1): 25-26
裴海琨.2001.不同施肥量对天然草地土壤酶活性的影响[J].青海畜牧首兽医报, (2): 15-16
彭世彰,朱成立.2003.作物节水灌溉需水规律研究[J].节水灌溉, (2): 5-7
阮英,刘开朗,申琳,等.2006.番茄果实成熟衰老过程中果肉和种子活性氧代谢的变化[J].园艺学报, 33 (1): 63-67
沈玉芳,李世清,邵明安.2007.水肥空间组合对冬小麦生物学性状及生物量的影响[J].中国农业科学, 40(8):1822-1829
沈明珠,翟宝杰,东惠茹,等.1982.蔬菜硝酸盐累积的研究Ⅰ.不同蔬菜硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐含量评价[J].园艺学报, 9 (4): 41-48
沈宏,曹志洪,徐本生.1999.玉米生长期间土壤微生物量与土壤酶变化及其相关性分析[J].应用生态学报, 10(4): 471-474
沈宏,曹志洪,胡正义.1999.土壤活性有机碳的表征及其生态效应[J].生态学杂志, 18(3): 32-38
施建忠,王天铎.1996.小麦冠层不同层次叶片水分利用效率的研究-光合速率与蒸腾速率之比(P/T)的模拟[M].农田生态试验研究.北京:气象出版社, 1-13
宋小南,张贵龙,凌平.2002.用灰色关联度分析法综合评价红麻新品种[J].中国麻业, 24 (2): 1-4
宋日,吴春胜,牟金明.2002.玉米根茬留田对土壤微生物量碳和酶活性动态变化特征的影响[J].应用生态学报, 13(3):303-306
孙存普,张建中,段绍瑾.1999.自由基生物学导论[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社, 237- 240
孙瑞莲,朱鲁生,赵秉强,等.2004.长期施肥对土壤微生物的影响及其在养分调控中的作用[J].应用生态学报, 15 (10): 1907-1910
孙文涛,张玉龙,王思林.2005.滴灌条件下水肥耦合对温室番茄产量效应的研究[J].土壤通报, 36(2): 59-62
孙进,徐阳春,沈其荣,等.2001.施用保水剂和稻草覆盖对作物和土壤的效应[J].应用生态学报, 12(5): 731-734
孙波,赵其国,张桃林,等.1997.土壤质量与持续环境Ⅱ土壤质量评价的生物指标[J].土壤, 29 (5): 225-234
唐启义,冯明光.2002.实用统计分析及其DPS数据处理系统[M].科学出版社
王秀娟.2001.陕西农业产业化实践及对策[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版), 1(2):50-52
王亚琴,梁承邺,黄江康.2002.植物叶片衰老的特性、基因表达及调控[J].华南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 23 (3): 87- 901
王会肖,刘昌明.2000.作物水分利用效率内涵及研究进展[J].水科学进展, 11(1): 99-103
王景伟,朱铁林,王海泽.2007.水肥耦合对大豆生长发育的正交设计实验研究[J].大豆通报, (06): 17-20
王绍辉,张福墁.2000.不同土壤含水量对日光温室黄瓜生理特性的影响[J].中国蔬菜,增刊:26-29
王绍辉,张福墁.2002.不同水分处理对日光温室黄瓜叶片光合特性的影响[J].植物学通报, 19 (6):727-733
王朝辉,宗志强,李生秀,等.2002.蔬菜的硝态氮累积及菜地土壤的硝态氮残留[J].环境科学, 23 (3): 79-83
王娟,李德全,谷令坤.2002.不同抗旱性玉米幼苗根系抗氧化系统对水分胁迫的反应[J].西北植物学报, 22 (22): 285-290
王晓云,李向东,邹琦.2001.施氮对花生叶片多胺代谢及衰老的调控作用[J].作物学报, 27(4):442- 446
王敏,张从宇,马同富,等.2004.大豆品种苗期抗旱性研究[J].中国油料作物学报, 26 (3): 29-32
王振宇,吕金印,李凤民,等.2006.根际沉积及其在植物-土壤碳循环中的作用[J].应用生态学报, 17(10): 1963-1968
王俊华,尹睿,张华勇,等.2007.长期定位施肥对农田土壤酶活性及其相关因素的影响[J].生态环境, l6 (1): 191-196
王铁良,李晶晶,李波.2009.不同灌溉方式对日光温室土壤温度的影响[J].北方园艺, (2): 27-29
王健,梁运江,许广波,等.2006.水肥耦合效应对保护地辣椒叶片叶绿素含量的影响[J].延边大学农学学报, 28(4): 287-292
魏国强,孙治强,常高正,等.2000.不同施肥量对温室基质栽培番茄产量与品质的影响[J].河南农业大学学报, 34(4):385-387
吴夏蕊,彭世彰.2004.设施农业中水分调控与水分利用效率关系研究[J].沈阳农业大学学报, 35(5-6): 604-606
吴凤芝,赵凤艳.2002.保护地黄瓜连作对土壤生物化学性质的影响[J].农业系统科学与综合研究, 18 (1): 20-22
吴凤芝,王学征.2007.设施黄瓜连作和轮作中土壤微生物群落多样性的变化及其与产量品质的关系[J].中国农业科学, 40(10): 2274-2280
夏北成,Zhou JZ, Tiedje JM.1998a.土壤微生物群落及其活性与植被的关系[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版), 37 (3): 94-98
夏北成,Zhou JZ, James M Tiedje.1998b.植被对土壤微生物群落结构的影响[J].应用生态学报, 9 (3): 296-300
夏文汇.1999.运用灰色和马尔柯夫模型预测企业素质要素[J].重庆工学院学报, 13 (5): 34-38
向毓意,杜军,马玉才.1999.西藏高原深层地温气候特征分析[J].西藏科技, (5): 56-58
肖慈英,阮宏华,屠六邦.2002.宁镇山区不同森林土壤生物学特性的研究[J].应用生态学报, 13(9): 1077-1080
谢大森.2000.长斑豆目标性状的灰关联分析研究[J].江西农业大学学报, 22(2): 279-281
谢华,沈荣开,徐成剑,等.2003.水、氮效应与叶绿素关系试验研究[J].中国农村水利水电, 8:40-43
谢林花,吕家珑,张一平. 2004.长期不同施肥对石灰性土壤微生物磷及磷酸酶的影响[J].生态学杂志, 23(4):65-68
熊汉琴,王朝辉,陈修斌.2006.芹菜施钾效应研究[J].陕西农业科学, (6): 14-16
徐福利,梁银丽,陈志杰,等.2007.减少蔬菜硝酸盐含量的施肥技术[J].西北园艺, (05):44-45
徐福利,梁银丽,张成娥,等.2004.施肥对日光温室黄瓜生长和土壤生物学特性的影响[J].应用生态学报, 15(7): 1227-1230
徐振剑,华珞,蔡典雄,等.2007.农田水肥关系研究现状[J].首都师范大学学报(自然科学版), 28(1): 83-88
徐晶,陈婉华.2003.不同施肥处理对湖南红壤中微生物数量及酶活性的影响[J].土壤肥料, (5): 8-12
徐坤,郑国生,王秀峰.2001.施氮量对生姜群体光合特性及产量和品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 7 (2):189-193
徐强,程智慧,孟焕文,等.2007.玉米-线辣椒套作系统中土壤养分与根际土壤微生物、酶活性的关系[J].应用生态学报, 18 (12): 2747-2754
许志刚,张世光,姬广海.2001.植物病原细菌的Biolog系统鉴定及其多元统计初析[J].应用与环境生物报, 7 (3): 288-290
薛铸,史海滨,郭云,等.2007.盐渍化土壤水肥耦合对向日葵苗期生长影响的试验[J].农业工程学报, 23 (3): 91- 94
杨根平,王韶俊.1990.离体叶片作为植物抗旱指标的探讨[J].华北农学报, 5 (增刊) : 88- 91
杨红,姜虹,赖卫,等.2009.水肥耦合对辣椒产量和品质协同提高的研究[J].长江蔬菜, (6): 53-56
杨梅学,姚檀栋,丁永建,等.1999.藏北高原土壤温度的日变化[J].环境科学, 20(3): 5-8
杨永华,姚健.2000.农药污染对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响[J].微生物学杂志, 20 (2):23-25
杨春霞,朱莲,柳林景,等.2002.氮钾肥用量对春甘蓝产量和品质的影响[J].蔬菜, (1): 29-31
姚静,邹志荣,杨猛.2004.日光温室水肥耦合对甜瓜产量影响研究初探[J].西北植物学报, 24(5): 136-140
姚磊,杨阿明.1997.不同水分胁迫对番茄生长的影响[J].华北农学报, 12(2):100-106
姚槐应,黄昌勇,等.2006.土壤微生物生态学及其实验技术[M].科学出版社
姚文波.2005.解决黄土高原水资源短缺问题的途径[J].甘肃农业科技, (1):25-27
姚健,杨永华,沈晓蓉.2000.农用化学品污染对土壤微生物群落DNA序列多样性的影响[J].生态学报, 20 (6): 1021-1027
依艳丽,梁运江,张大庚.2006.不同水肥处理对辣椒保护地土壤温度和CO2的影响[J].土壤通报, 7(5): 875-880
殷凤生,林国平,孙学永.1995.用灰色关联度分析法对离子注入烟草生物效应综合评价[J].安徽农学通报, 1 (2): 46-47
由海霞,梁银丽.2005.陕北设施农业的效益分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版), 5(4):5-9
尤彩霞.2005.两种有机肥对日光温室黄瓜生育和土壤环境影响的研究[M].中国农业大学硕士学位论文, 8-9
虞娜,张玉龙,黄毅.2003.温室滴灌施肥条件下水肥耦合对番茄产量影响的研究[J].土壤通报, 34(3): 20-24
于俊红,彭智平,黄继川.2008.DA-6对花生花期干旱胁迫下的生理效应[J].热带作物学报, 29 (4): 465-467
于爱忠,黄高宝,冯福学.2009.不同耕作措施对冬小麦农田土壤水分与温度的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究, 27 (1): 84-88
袁玲.1997.长期施肥对土壤酶活性和氮磷养分的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 3(4): 300-307
袁丽萍,米国全,赵灵芝,等.2008.水氮耦合供应对日光温室番茄产量和品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料, (2): 69-73
员学锋,汪有科.2008.不同保墒条件下土壤温度日变化效应研究[J].灌溉排水学报, 27(3): 82-85
曾玲玲,张兴梅,洪音.2008.长期施肥与耕作方式对土壤酶活性的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料, (2): 27-31
曾燕舞.2003.水氮处理对两种蔬菜品质和土壤水氮资源利用影响的研究[M],中国农业大学硕士学位论文, 3-4
翟胜,梁银丽,王巨媛,等.2005.干旱半干旱地区日光温室黄瓜水分生产函数的研究[J].农业工程学报, 21(4):136-139
张乃明.2006.设施农业理论与实践[M].化学工业出版社
张西平,赵胜利,张旭东,等.2007.不同灌水处理对温室黄瓜形态及光合作用指标的影响[J].农业工程科学, 23(6): 622-625
张洁瑕,刘树庆,胡吉敏.2008.高寒半干旱区水肥耦合对西芹收获期硝酸盐效应研究[J].中国土壤与肥料, (6):39-45
张永清.1998.氮钾配施对菠菜产量和品质的影响[J].北方园艺, 16(2): 16-17
张炳欣,陈晓斌,楼兵干.2000.Biolog系统鉴定黄瓜根围促声菌的初步研究[J].微生物学报, 27 (6):403-407
张迎朝,时志强.1998.用灰色相对变率关联度分析法确定影响油气井产量因素的权重[J].石油勘探与开发, 25(2): 73-74
张新天,罗晓辉.2001.灰色理论与模型在交通量预测中的应用[J].公路, (08): 4-7
张宪法,于贤昌,张振贤.2002.土壤水分对温室嫁接和非嫁接黄瓜生长与生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报, 13(1):1399-1402
张新明,李华兴,吴文良.2002.氮素肥料对环境与蔬菜的污染及其合理调控途径[J].土壤通报, 33 (6): 471 -475
张亚洁,林强森,孙斌,等.2005.种植方式对水稻和陆稻N素吸收利用的影响[J].中国水稻科学, 19 (6): 539-544
张学军,赵营,陈晓群,等.2007.滴灌施肥中施氮量对两年蔬菜产量、氮素平衡及土壤硝态氮累积的影响[J].中国农业科学, 40(11): 2535-2545
张华勇,王俊华,尹睿,等. 2007.长期定位施肥对农田土壤酶活性及其相关因素的影响[J].生态环境, l6(1):191-196
章家恩,蔡燕飞,高爱霞,等.2004.土壤微生物多样性实验研究方法概述[J].土壤, 36 (4): 346-350
章家恩,刘文高,胡刚.2002.不同土地利用方式下土壤微生物数量与土壤肥力的关系[J].土壤与环境, 11 (2): 140-143
赵则胜.1995.中国特种稻[M].上海:上海科技出版社, 102-114
赵凤艳,魏自民,陈翠玲.2001.氮肥用量对蔬菜产量和品质的影响[J].农业系统科学与综合研究, 17 (l): 43-44
赵义涛,梁运江,许广波.2007.水肥耦合对保护地辣椒水分利用效率的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,29 (5): 523-527,546
中国科学院南京土壤研究所微生物室编.1985.土壤微生物研究法[M].北京:科学出版社, PP: 40-273
周博,周建斌.2009.不同水肥调控措施对日光温室土壤水分和番茄水分利用效率的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 37(1): 211-216
周治安,田应兵,秦志经,等.1990.汉平原棉田酶活性[J].土壤肥料, (3): 25-27
周德庆.1993.微生物学教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,: 1,281-282
周才平,欧阳华.2001.温度和湿度对长白山两种林型下土壤氮矿化的影响[J].应用生态学报, 12 (4): 505–508
朱祖祥.1982.土壤学[M].农业出版社
邹志荣.2005.陕西省设施农业发展的关键问题及解决途径, http://www.sxylqx.com/ zjlt/list/174.html
邹志荣,李清明,贺忠群.2005.不同灌溉上限对温室黄瓜结瓜期生长动态、产量及品质的影响[J].农业工程学报, 21(S): 77-81
Abasiofiok M Ibekwe, Ann C Kennedy. 1998. Phospholipid fatty acid profiles and carbon utilization patterns for analysis of microbial community structure under field and greenhouse conditions [J] Microbiology Ecology, 26(2): 151-163
Abdul K, Yesvia D, Edi S, et al. 1994. Activities of soil enzymes in different land-use systems in middle terrace areas of landPung Povrinec[J]. south Sum Baruah Metal. Soil boil. Biochem, (4): 423
Aber JD. 1992. Nitrogen cycling and nitrogen saturation intemperate forest ecosystems [J]. Trends in Ecology and Evo-lution, 7: 220-223
Amann RI, Ludwig W, Schleifer KH. 1995. Phylogenetic identification and in situ detection of individual microbial cells without cultivation[J]. Microbiological Review, 59: 143-169
Ann C Kennedy, Virginia L Gewin.1997.Soil Microbial Diversity: Present and future considerations [J]. Soil Microbial Diversity, 162(9): 607 - 615
Arnon I.1975. Physiological principles of Dry and Crop Production [A]. In: Gupta US. Physiological Aspects of Dryland Farming[C].New York: Universal Press: 3- 124
Arnebrant K E Beath, Sderstrm B. 1990.Changes in micro-fungal community structure after fertilisation of Scots pine forest soil with ammonium nitrate or urea[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 22: 309-312
Atlas RM.1984.Use of microbial diversity measurements to assess environmental stress. In: Klug, M.J. and Reddy, C.A. (eds.), Current Perspectives in Microbial Ecology. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C., PP: 540-545
Baianchi G, Avato P. 1984.Surface waxes from grain, leaves, and husks of maize (zeamays L) [J].Cereal Chem, 61: 45-47
Bardgett RD, Lovell RD, Hobbs PJ, et al.1999.Sesaonal changes in s oilmicr obial communities along a fertility gradient of temperate grasslands[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 31: 1021-1030
Blair GJ, Lefroy RDB.1995.Soil C fractions based on their degree of oxidation and the developmentof a C management index for agricultural systems[J]. Aust.J.Agri. Res. 46: 1459-1466
Bock BR, 1984.Efficient use of nitrogen in cropping systems. In: hauck RDed, Nitrogen in crop production. Am Soc. Agon. Madison, wis USA. PP: 273-294
Borosia J, Romic D, Dolanjski D, et al.2000. 8th International symposium on timing of field production in vegetable crops[J], Bari, Italy, Acta-Horticulture, (53): 451-459
Bossio DA, Scow KM. 1998. Impacts of carbon and flooding on soil microbial communities: phospholipid fatty acid profiles and substrate utilization patterns[J]. Microbial Ecology, 35: 265-278
Bossio DA, Scow KM, Gunapala N, et al. 1998.Determinants of soil microbial communities: effects of agricultural management, season, and soil type on phosphor lipid fatty acid profiles[J]. Microbial Ecology, 36: 1-12
Bridge Paul, BrianSpooner.2001.Soil fungi: Diversity and detection. Plant and Soil, 232: 147-154
Brown JW.1986.A catalogue of splice junction and putative branch point sequences from plant introns[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 14: 9549-9559
Bums RG, Pukite AH, Mclaren AD.1972.Concerning the location and persistence of soil urease[J]. Soil Seienec Soc.Am J, (36): 308-314
Burns RG. 1994. Soil Enzyme[M].Chelsea, USA:Lewis publishers: 93-97
Cavigelli MA, Robertson GP.2001.Role of denitrifier diversity in rates of nitrous oxide consumption in a terrestrial ecosystem [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 33(3): 297-310
Cavigelli MA, Lengnick LL, Buyer JS, et al.2005.Landscape level variation in soil resources and microbial properties in a no-till corn field [J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 29(2): 99-123
Coote DR, Ramsey, JF.1986.Quantification of the effects of over 35 years of intensive cultivation of four soils[J]. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 63: 1-4
Daniel I, Leskovar A, Meriri.1995.Irrigation timing affects fruit number and yield of water-melon [J]. Texal A&M Agricultural Research& Extension center at Uvalde: 1-2
Davidson EA, Belk E, Boone RD.1998.Soil water content and temperature as independent or confounded factors controlling soil respiration in a temperate mixed hardwood forest[J]. Global Change Biology, 4: 217-227
Debarros LM, Soden A, Henschke PA, et al.1996.PCR differentiation of commercial yeast strains using intron splice site primers[J]. Appl Environ Microbiol, 62(12): 4514-4520
Deborah A Bossio, Jacob A Fleck, Kate M Scow, Roger Fujii.2006.Alteration of soil microbial communities and water quality in restored wetlands [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38(6): 1223-1233
Degens BP.1998.Microbia functional diversity can be influenced by the addition of simple organic substrates to soil[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 30: 1981-1988
Dejong E, Schappert HJV, Macdonald KB.1974.Carbon dioxid evolution from virgin and cultivated soil as affected by man-agement practices and climate [J].Can J Soil Sci, 54: 29-307
Dick RP.1992.A review: long-term effects of agricultural systems on soil biochemical and microbial parameters[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 40: 25-36
Doran JW.1994. Defining soil quality for a sustainable environment[C]. Madison, Wisconsin: soil society of America special publication, (35): 32-34
Douglas A, Claren M, George H, et al.1975.Soil Biochmistry[M]. New York: Marceldekker, INC: 52-57
Ed-Huan Chang, Ren-Shih Chung, et al.2007.Effect of different application rates of organic fertilizer on soil enzyme activity and microbial pollution [J]. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 53: 132-140
Elsas J D van , Smalla K.1995.Extraction of microbial community DNA from soils1 In : Akkermans ADL, van Elsas JD, de Bruijn F J.eds. Molecular Microbial Ecology Manual. Kluwer Academic Publishers Fang C, Moncrieff JB.1999.A model for soil CO2 production antransport: model development [J]. Agricultural and Fores Meteorology, 95: 225-236
Fauci MF, Dick RP.1994.Soil microbial dynamics: short and long-term effects of organic and inorganic nitrogen [J]. Soil Sci. Soci. of America Journal, 58: 801-808
Flaishman MA, Hwang CS, Kolattukudy PE.1995.Involvement of protein phosphorylation in the induction of appressorium formation in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by its host surface wax and ethylene[J]. Physiol. Molecular Plant Pathology, 47:103-117
Fog K.1988.The effect of added nitrogen on the rate of decomposition of organic matter [J]. Biological Review, 63: 433-462
Fu L, Cheng W X, Susfalk R.2002.Rhizospere respiration vari with plant species and phenology: a greenhouse pot experiment[J]. Plant and Soil, 239,133-140
Gagnon B, Lalande R, Simard R.2000.Soil enzyme activities following Paper sludge addition in a winter cabbage-sweet corn rotation[J]. Soil Science, (80): 91-97
Garland JL, Mills AL.1991.Classification and characterization of heterotrophic microbial communities using patterns of potential C source utilization [J]. Soil Biol Biochem, 28: 213-221
Garton RW, Widders IE.1990.Nitrogen and phosphorus preconditioning of small-plug seedlings influence processing tomato productivity[J]. Hort. Science, (25): 655-657
Gifford RM, Evans LT.1981.Photosynthesis,carbon partitioning,and yield[J]. Annu.Rev.Plant Physiol., 32: 485-509
Goyal S, Mishra MM, Hooda IS, et al.1992.Organic matter-microbial biomass relationships in field experiments under tropical conditions: effects of inorganic fertilization and organic amendments [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 24: 1081-1084
Harold P Collins, Michel A Cavigelli.2003.Soil microbial community characteristics along an elevation gradient in the Laguna Mountains of Southern California [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 35(8): 1027-1037
Hawkins JD.1998.A survey on intron and exon length[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 16: 9893- 9905
Heath RL, Packer L.1968. Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts. I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 125:189-198
Hsiao TC.1973.Plant responses to water stress[J]. Annu.Rev.Plant Physiol., 24 : 519-570
Inal A, Gunes A, Aipaslan M, et al.1998.Nitrate versus chloride nutrition effeets in a soil-Plant system on the growth, nitrate accumulation, and nitrogen, Potassium, sodium, calcium, and chloride content of carrot [J]. J-Plant-nutri, Monticello, NY: Marcel. Dekker Inc. 21(9): 2001-2011
Jay L Garland.1996.Analytical approaches to the characterization of samples of microbial communities using patterns of potential C source utilization[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 28(2): 213-221
Jeffrey S Buyer, Donald D Kaufman.1997.Microbial diversity in the rhizosphere of corn grown under conventional and low-input systems [J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 5(1): 21-27
Jom NS.1999.Nitrogen effects on vegetable crops Production and chemical composition [J]. Acta Horticulturae, 506: 41-50
Kanazawa S, Asakawa S, Takai Y.1988.Effect on fertilizer and manure application on microbial numbers,biomass, and enzyme activities in volcanic ash soils. I.Microbial numbers and biomass carbon [J]. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 34: 429-439
Kaye JP, Hart SC.1997.Competition for nitrogen between plants and soil microorganisms[J]. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 12: 139-142
Kennydy AC, Smith KL.1995.Soil microbial diversity and the sustainability of agricultural soils[J]. Plant and Soil, 170: 75 - 86
Knief C, Lipski A, Dunfield PF.2003.Diversity and activity of methanotrophic bacteria in different upland soils [J]. Appl Environ Microbiol, 69(11): 6703-6714
Krystyna E, Irena B.1999.Infiuence of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on quality of fresh and frozen broccoli[J]. Vegetable crops research bulletin, 50: 93-106
Kuisma R.2002.Efficiency of split nitrogen fertilization with adjusted irrigation on Potato[J]. Agricultural and food science in Finland, 11(l): 59-74
Lecoeur J, Wery J, Turc O, et al.1995.Expansion of pea leaves subjected to short water deficit: Cell number and cell size are sensitive to stress at different periods of leaf development[J]. J.Exp.Bot.,46(9): 1093-1101
Leece DR.1976.Composition and ultra structure of leaf cuticles from fruit trees, relative to differential foliar absorption [J]. Austral J Plant Physiol, 3: 833-847
Liang YC, Chen Q, Liu Q, et al.2003.Exogenous silicon (Si) increases antioxidant enzyme activity and reduces lipid per oxidation in roots of salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)[J]. J. Plant Physiol., 160: 1157- 1164
Liptay A, Nicholls S.1993.Nitrogen supply during greenhouse transplant production affects subseguent tomato root growth in the field[J]. J-Am-Soc-Hortic-Sci. 20(3): 207-220
Lothar Wünsche, Lutz Brüggemann, Wolfgang Babel.1995.Determination of substrate utilization patterns of soil microbial communities: An approach to assess population changes after hydrocarbon pollution [J]. Microbiology Ecology, 17(1): 295-305
Lovell RD, Jarvis SC, Bardgett RD.1995.Soil microbial biomass and activity in long-term grassland: effects of management change[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 27: 969-975
Loyons JM.1973. Chilling injury in plants[J]. Plant Physical, 24: 445-446
Luo Y, Yan S, Hui D, et al.2001.Acclimatization of soil respiration to warming in a tall grass prairie[J]. Nature, 413: 622-625
Lupwayi NZ, Monreal MA, Clayton GW, et al.2001.Soil microbial biomass and diversity respond to tillage and sulphur fertilizers [J]. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, (81): 577-589
Lynch JM, Panting LM.1982.Effects of season, cultivation and nitrogen fertilizer on the size of the soil microbial biomass [J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 33: 249-252
Macfadyen A.1970.Simple methods for measuring and maintaining the proportion of carbon dioxide in air for use in ecological studies of soil respiration[J]. Soil Biol . Biochem. 2: 9-18
Mantens DA, Johanson JB, Frakenberger WT.1992.Production and persistence of soil enzymes with repeated additions of oaganic residues [J]. Soil sci., 153: 59-61Mashingsidze AB, Chivinge OA, Zishiri C.1996.The effects of clear and black mulch on soil
temperature, weed seed viability and seedling emergence, growth and yield of tomatoes[J]. J of Applied Sci in southern Africa, 2: 6-14
Mclaren AD, et al.1975.Isolation of hurns with enzyme activity from soil[J], soil SCI., 2: 178-180
Melton RR, Dufault RJ.1991. Nitrogen, Phosporus, and potassium fertility regimes affect tomato transplant growth[J]. HortScience, 26(2): 141-142
Meng FL, Qiang XL, She KJ, et al.2007.Genetic diversity analysis among hulless barley varieties from the major agricultural areas of Tibet[J].crop , 33 (11): 1910-1914
Moll RH, Kamprath EJ, Jackson WA.1982.Analysis and interpretation of factors which contribution efficiency of nitrogen utilization [J]. Agro. J., 74: 562-568
Mozafar A.1993.Nitrogen fertilizers and the amount if vitamins in Plants [J]. a review.J.of Plant Nutrition, 16(12): 2479-2506
MuYzer G, Smalla K.1999.Application of denaturing gradient gel elect rophoresis (DGGE) and temperature gradient gel eletrophoresis in microhial ecology [J]. Antonie van Leeuwenhock, 73: 127-141
Nei M, Li W.1979.Mathematical model for studying genetic variation in terms of restriction endonucleases[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 76: 5269–5273
Neilson JW, Pepper IL.1990.Soil respiration as and index of soil aeration[J]. Soil Sci . Soc. Am. J., 54: 428 - 432
Osborn AM, Moore ERB, Timmis KN.2000.An evaluation of termination-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (T-RFLP) analysisfor the study of microbial community structure and dynamics [J]. Environ Microbiol, 2: 39-50
Papatheodorou EM, Argyropoulou MD, Stamou GP.2004.The effects of large- and small-scale differences in soil temperature and moisture on bacterial functional diversity and the community of bacterivorous nematodes[J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 25: 37-49
Paseual B, MarotoJV, Sanbautista A, et al.2000.Influence of watering on the yield and cracking of cherry, fresh market and Proeessing tomatoes [J]. The joumal of horticultural seience &biotechnology, 75(2): 171-175
Percy KE, Cape JN, Jagels R, Simpson CJ.1994.Air pollutants and the leaf cuticle[C]. Springer Verlag, Berlin, 195-204
Rafalski A, Gidzińska M, Wi?niewska I.1997.PCR-based systems for evaluation of relationships among maize inbreds. In: Tsaftaris A ed. Genetics, Biotechnology and Breeding of Maize and Sorghum. Royal Soc. Chem,Cambridge, UK. 106-111
Ravi V, Lourduraj AC.1996.Comparative performance of plastic mulching on soil moisture content, soil temperature and yield of rain-fed cotton[J]. Madras Agric. J., 83: 709-711
Reiners WA.1968.Carbon dioxide evolution from the floor of three Minnesota forests[J]. Ecology. 49: 471-483
Richard Smith.2002.Evaluation of slow release fertilizers for winter vegetable production in the Salinas valley. Monterey Bay Region Ag Expo&Seminar, Watsonville.CA, 1-4
Russell G, Jarvis PG, Monteith JL.1989.Absorption of radiation by canopies and stand growth. Plant Canopies. Their Growth, Form and Function[M].New York:Cambridge Univ. Press:21-39
Sadras VO, Villalobos FJ, Fereres E, et al.1993.Leaf responses to soil water deficits:Comparativesensitivity of leaf expansion rate and leaf conductance in field-grown sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)[J]. Plant and Soil, 153(2):189-194
Sady W, Wojciechowska R, Rozek S.2001.The effect of form and replacement of N on yield and nitrate content of white cabbage [J]. Acta Hortic, 563: 123-128
Sarathchandra SU, Ghani A, Yeates GW, et al.2001.Effect of nitrogen and phosphate fertilisers on microbial and nematode diversity in pasture soils [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 33: 953-964
Schimel J.1995.Ecosystem consequences of microbial diversity and community structure. In: Chapin, F.S. and Korner, C.(eds.), Arctic and Alpine Biodiversity: Patterns, Causes, and Ecosystem Consequences.Springer Verlag, Berlin, PP: 239-254
Skujins J.1987.History of abiontic soil enzyme research in soil enzymes[M]. Acade press. London,: 1-49
Song WN, Henry R.1994.Polymorphisms in amy1 gene of wild and cultivated barley revealed by the polymerase chain reaction[J]. Theor Appl Genet, 89: 509-513
Song WN, Henry R.1995.Molecular analysis of the DNA polymorphism of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) using the polymerase chain reaction[J]. Genet Res Crop Evol, 42: 273-281
Song WN, Langridge P.1991.Identification and mapping of polymorphisms in cereals based on the polymerase chain reaction[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 82: 209-216
Sorensen JN, Burns IG, Bdending GD, et al.1991.Nitrogen effects on vegetable crop production and chemical composition[J]. Acta. Horticulture. (506): 41-49
Staddon WJ, Duchesne LC, Trevors JT.1998.Acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and arylsulfatase activities in soil from a jack pine Pinus banksiana Lamb. Ecosystem after clear-cutting, prescribed burning, and scarify cation. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 27: 1- 4
Stanislaw K, Jan R, Jacek D.1999.Response of leek to irrigation, fertigation and broadcast nitrogen fertilization[J]. Vegetable Crops Research Bulletin, 51: 39 - 48
Thomas H , Smart CM.1993.Crops that stay green[J]. Ann. Appl. Biol., 123: 193- 219
Thomas L, Thompsona, Thomas A.2000.Nitrogen and Water Interactions in Subsurface Drip-Irrigated Cauliflower[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 64: 412-418
Tiedje JM, Asuming-Brempong S, Nüsslein K, et al.1999.Opening the black box of soil microbial diversity. Applied Soil Ecology, 13 :1109-1122
Upendra M Sainju, Bhara P Singh. 1999, Tomato yield and soil quality as influenced by tillage, cover cropping and nitrogen fertilization, Hook(ed) proceedings of the 22nd Annual Southern conservation Tillage Conference for Sustainable Agriculture. Tifton, GA. Gerogia Agriculturee Experiment station special publication 95. Athens, GAP:104-113
Vanotti MB, Leclerc SA, Bundy LG.1995.Short-term effects of nitrogen fertilization on soil organic nitrogen availability[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 59: 1350-1359
Viets FG.1972.Water deficits and nutrient availability [A]. Kozlowski, T.T water deficits and plant growth [C]. Vol.Ⅲ. New York: Academic Press, 217- 236
Vigdis Lid Torsvik.1980.Isolation of bacterial DNA from soil[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 12(1): 15-21
Wardle DA.1992.A comparative assessment of factors which influence microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen levels in soil[J]. Biological Review, 67: 321-358
Wiant HV.1967.Influence of moisture content on“soil respiration”[J]. J For, 65: 902-903
Williams J.&Welsh J.1989.Characterization of phosphopeptides released during dialysis of edta-reacted highly purified DNA prepared from calf thymus nuclei [J]. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 163(2): 1135-1142
Yang YH, Yao J, et al.2000.Effects of agricultural chemicals on DNA sequence diversity of soil microbial community: a study with RAPD marker [J]. Microbial Ecology, 39: 72-79
Young Yeol Cho, Sungbong OH, Myong Min OH, et al.2007.Estimation of individual leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight of hydroponically grown cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) using leaf length, width, and SPAD value[J].Scientia Horticulturae, 111(4): 330-334
Zelles L, Bai QY, et al.1995.Determination of phosphor lipid and lipo polysaccharide derived fatty acid as an estimate of microbial biomass and community structures in soils [J]. Biol. Fertilizer soils, 19: 115-123
Zelles L.1999.Fatty acid patterns of phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides in the characterisation of microbial communities in soil[J]. a review.Biology and Fertility of Soils, 29: 111-129
Zeze A, Hosny M, Gianinazze-pearson V, et al.1996.Characterization of a highly repeated DNA sequence (SC1) of rom the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus scutellospora castanea and its detection in planta [J]. Appl Environ Microbiol, 62: 2438-2443
Zhai S, Liang YL, Zhang XS, et al.2008.Effects of soil mulching on cucumber quality, water use efficiency and soil environment in greenhouse[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 24(3): 65-71
Zhou JZ, Xia BC, Huang HS, et al.2003.Tiedje Bacterial phylogenetic diversity and a novel candidate division of two humid region, sandy surface soils Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 35(7): 915-924