连续进水条件下准好氧矿化垃圾床处理渗滤液的试验研究
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摘要
垃圾渗滤液是一种成分复杂的高浓度有机废水,其水量水质会随填埋场及其填埋时间变化很大,处理难度较大。目前,间歇进水的准好氧矿化垃圾反应床已用于渗滤液处理试验研究中,但其处理能力仍偏低。本研究拟在连续进水条件下进行准好氧矿化垃圾床处理渗滤液的试验,通过试验比较间歇进水与连续进水条件下准好氧矿化垃圾床对渗滤液处理效果差异以及连续进水条件下两级串联准好氧矿化垃圾床处理渗滤液的效果,以期获得更高的渗滤液处理能力。
对比试验结果表明,当水力负荷由41.94 L/(m~3矿化垃圾.d)增至104.85L/(m~3矿化垃圾.d)时,间歇进水、连续进水条件下COD去除率分别由95.75%和96.69%降至79.76%和85.68%,NH_3-N去除率分别由99.71%和99.65%降至80.73%和86.51%。因此,在水力负荷为104.85L/(m~3矿化垃圾.d)时,连续进水较间歇进水条件下COD和NH_3-N的去除率分别提高了5.92%和5.78%。
串联试验结果表明,随着水力负荷增加,一级反应床对渗滤液中COD,NH_3-N和TN去除效果迅速降低,而二级反应床对渗滤液中COD,NH_3-N和TN去除效果逐渐升高至某一峰值后呈下降趋势;当水力负荷由41.94 U(m~3矿化垃圾.d)增至125.82L/(m~3矿化垃圾.d)时,两级串联准好氧矿化垃圾生物反应床对渗滤液中COD,NH_3-N和TN去除率分别由94%,99.9%和73.38%逐渐下降至88.85%,96.2%和72.42%。
研究结果表明,连续进水条件、两级串联有利于准好氧矿化垃圾床对渗滤液的处理。本文可为准好氧矿化垃圾床处理渗滤液的后续研究提供参考。
Leachate is a type of organic wastewater containing large amounts of pollutant with high concentration. And quantity and quality of leachate vary significantly with landfills and their ages. Therefore, leachate is always difficult to treat. Nowadays, semi-aerobic aged refuse bioreactor under batch injection conditions has been used to treat leachate, but capacity of the treatment is poor. The objective of this study is to investigate a higher capacity by continuous injection of leachate. By simulated experiments, comparison of batch and continuous injection conditions and a two-stage bioreactor were studied.
The comparison study shows that when hydraulic load increased from 41.94 L/d to 104.85 L/d per cubic meter aged refuse, the removal efficiencies of COD under batch and continuous injection conditions are respectively decreased from 95.75% and 96.69% to 79.76% and 85.68%, with that of NH_3-N respectively decreased from 99.71% and 99.65% to 80.73% and 86.51%. Therefore, in case of 104.85 L/d of hydraulic load per cubic meter aged refuse, the removal efficiencies of COD and NH3-N in leachate under the continuous are more than that under the batch by 5.92% and 5.78%, respectively.
Based on experiment of the two-stage bioreactor, the result shows that with improvement of hydraulic load, the removal efficiencies of COD, NH3-N and TN by the first stage bioreactor straightly drop, whereas those by the second stage bioreactor fluctuate. When hydraulic load increased from 41.94 L/d to 125.82 L/d per cubic meter aged refuse, the removal efficiencies of COD, NH_3-N and TN by the two-stage bioreactor are respectively decreased from 94%, 99.9% and 73.38% to 88.85%, 96.2% and 72.42%.
The study shows that continuous injection of leachate and the two-stage bioreactor result in a more treatment capacity. The paper gives reference for further study of leachate treatment by semi-aerobic aged refuse bioreactors.
对比试验结果表明,当水力负荷由41.94 L/(m~3矿化垃圾.d)增至104.85L/(m~3矿化垃圾.d)时,间歇进水、连续进水条件下COD去除率分别由95.75%和96.69%降至79.76%和85.68%,NH_3-N去除率分别由99.71%和99.65%降至80.73%和86.51%。因此,在水力负荷为104.85L/(m~3矿化垃圾.d)时,连续进水较间歇进水条件下COD和NH_3-N的去除率分别提高了5.92%和5.78%。
串联试验结果表明,随着水力负荷增加,一级反应床对渗滤液中COD,NH_3-N和TN去除效果迅速降低,而二级反应床对渗滤液中COD,NH_3-N和TN去除效果逐渐升高至某一峰值后呈下降趋势;当水力负荷由41.94 U(m~3矿化垃圾.d)增至125.82L/(m~3矿化垃圾.d)时,两级串联准好氧矿化垃圾生物反应床对渗滤液中COD,NH_3-N和TN去除率分别由94%,99.9%和73.38%逐渐下降至88.85%,96.2%和72.42%。
研究结果表明,连续进水条件、两级串联有利于准好氧矿化垃圾床对渗滤液的处理。本文可为准好氧矿化垃圾床处理渗滤液的后续研究提供参考。
Leachate is a type of organic wastewater containing large amounts of pollutant with high concentration. And quantity and quality of leachate vary significantly with landfills and their ages. Therefore, leachate is always difficult to treat. Nowadays, semi-aerobic aged refuse bioreactor under batch injection conditions has been used to treat leachate, but capacity of the treatment is poor. The objective of this study is to investigate a higher capacity by continuous injection of leachate. By simulated experiments, comparison of batch and continuous injection conditions and a two-stage bioreactor were studied.
The comparison study shows that when hydraulic load increased from 41.94 L/d to 104.85 L/d per cubic meter aged refuse, the removal efficiencies of COD under batch and continuous injection conditions are respectively decreased from 95.75% and 96.69% to 79.76% and 85.68%, with that of NH_3-N respectively decreased from 99.71% and 99.65% to 80.73% and 86.51%. Therefore, in case of 104.85 L/d of hydraulic load per cubic meter aged refuse, the removal efficiencies of COD and NH3-N in leachate under the continuous are more than that under the batch by 5.92% and 5.78%, respectively.
Based on experiment of the two-stage bioreactor, the result shows that with improvement of hydraulic load, the removal efficiencies of COD, NH3-N and TN by the first stage bioreactor straightly drop, whereas those by the second stage bioreactor fluctuate. When hydraulic load increased from 41.94 L/d to 125.82 L/d per cubic meter aged refuse, the removal efficiencies of COD, NH_3-N and TN by the two-stage bioreactor are respectively decreased from 94%, 99.9% and 73.38% to 88.85%, 96.2% and 72.42%.
The study shows that continuous injection of leachate and the two-stage bioreactor result in a more treatment capacity. The paper gives reference for further study of leachate treatment by semi-aerobic aged refuse bioreactors.
引文
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[2]吴克明,陈新丽.城市生活垃圾处理现状及发展趋势[J].安全与环境学报,2004,6:79-81.
[3]时璟丽,张成.垃圾焚烧发电技术在我国的应用及发展趋势[J].可再生能源,2005(2).
[4]范留柱.国内外生活垃圾处理技术的研究现状及发展趋势[J].中国资源利用,2007,7:26-28.
[5]国家环保总局.2002年中国环境状况公告[EB/OL].http://www.zhb.gov.cn/eic/649368298894393344/20030606/1038753.shtml.2003-06.
[6]赵由才,龙燕,张华.生活垃圾卫生填埋技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[7]Hudgins M,Harpers S.Qperational characteristics of two aerobic landfill systems[R].Sdardnia:The Seventh International Waste Management and Landfill Symposium,1999.
[8]张华,赵由才生活垃圾填埋场中矿化垃圾的综合利用[J].山东建筑工程学院学报,2004,3(19):46-50.
[9]苏俊,叶小兰,曹利军.准好氧填埋技术在城市垃圾处理中的应用[J].新疆环境保护,2005,27(2):33-35.
[10]CaiZY·Long-term monitoring and prediction for leachate con-centrations in ShangHai refuse landfill[J].Water,Air and SoilPollution,2000,122:281-297.
[11]蒋海涛,周恭明,高廷耀.城市垃圾填埋场渗滤液的水质特征[J].环境保护科学,2002,28(6):11-13.
[12]张兰英.垃圾渗沥液中有机污染物的污染及去除[J].中国环境科学,1998,18(2):184-188.
[13]China E.S.K..Stability of organic matter in landfill leachates[J].Water Research,1977,11(1):225-232.
[14]Aizhong Ding,Zonghu Zhang,Jiamo Fu,et al.Biologieal control of leachate from municipal lanfills[J].Chemosphere,2001,44:1-8.
[15]张艮林,徐晓军,童雄.城市垃圾渗滤液的水质特性及其处理现状[EB/OL].中国城镇水网.2005-06.
[16]乔勇,赵国志.垃圾渗滤液接入城市污水处理厂存在的问题探讨[J].给水排水,2006,32(2):13-16.
[17]Duncan Gray,Simon J.T.Pollard,Lynn Spenceb,et al.Spray irrigation of landfill leachate:estimating potential exposures to workers and bystanders using a modified air box model and generalised source term[J].Environmental Pollution,2005,133:587-599.
[18]Reinhart,D.R..Full-scale experiences with leachate recirculating landfills:case studies[J].Waste Management & Research,1996,14:347-365.
[19]Reinhart D.R.,Al-Yousfi A.B..The impact of leachate recirculation on municipal solid waste landfill operating characteristics[J].Waste Manage & Research,1996,14:337-346.
[20]王雷,赵爱华,秦峰.新型垃圾渗沥液处理技术应用初探[J].环境保护,2004,6:18-22.
[21]岳东北,刘建国,聂永丰,等.生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理技术研究[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2004,5(6):59-62.
[22]尹学英.城市生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液性质及处理技术初探[J].四川环境,2007,26(6):106-110.
[23]边炳鑫.生活垃圾填埋场中矿化垃圾的综合利用技术[D].上海:同济大学,2004.
[24]石磊.矿化垃圾生物反应床处理填埋场渗滤液的工艺与机理研究[D].上海:同济大学,2005.
[25]王罗春,赵由才,丁桓如,等.矿化垃圾在废水处理中的应用及其存在的问题[J].城市环境与城市生态,2003,16(增刊):4-6.
[26]陈锦文.矿化垃圾处理渗滤液中氮化物的试验研究.西南交通大学,硕士研究生学位论文,2007,4.
[27]Robert K.Ham and Todd J.Bookter.Decomposi-tion of Solid Waste in Test Lysimeters.Journal ofthe Enviromental Engineering Division,19f32,108(EE6):1147-1170.
[28]唐家富.土壤净化垃圾填埋场渗滤液的研究.同济大学,硕士研究生学位论文,1996,3.
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