上海合作组织贸易投资便利化问题研究
|
摘要
上海合作组织经过10年的发展,贸易投资便利化程度较成立之初有了很大地提升,有效地推进了上合组织区域一体化进程。这10年来,成员国之间推进了海关、质检、金融、交通运输、投资促进等方面的贸易投资便利化进程,也加强了在农业、能源、交通运输、科技等领域的务实合作。同时,成员国之间的贸易联系不断扩大,投资合作领域不断拓宽,区域经济合作不断深化。
系统研究上海合作组织贸易与投资便利化问题具有重要的理论和实践意义。首先,研究这个问题具有较大的现实意义。一方面通过系统研究上海合作组织10年来贸易与投资便利化进程取得的成就,梳理存在的问题,理清未来的工作重点,有助于下一阶段提升区域贸易投资便利化水平,更好地激活区域经济活力,从而实现区域经济合作目标：另一方面,通过研究中国推进上海合作组织贸易投资便利化的相关问题,有助于中国更好地参与上海合作组织区域经济合作,促进中国经济可持续性发展。其次,研究这个问题具有重要的理论意义。研究上海合作组织推进区域贸易投资便利化的合作机制也是对区域经济合作理论的新探索。上海合作组织区域内,既有中俄这样经济实力雄厚的大国,也有综合实力弱下的中亚小国,这些国家不仅经济实力差距悬殊,各国国家内部发展也不平衡,而且又都是新兴与发展中的经济体。在这样一个结构复杂的区域内推进贸易投资便利化和实现区域经济合作目标,不能照搬欧盟、北美的模式,需要各成员国探索地区合作的新模式。本选题尝试研究在区域内构建区域贸易投资便利化合作机制,发挥大国与小国互动协作,提高区域贸易投资便利化水平,以促进上海合作组织区域的共同发展。上海合作组织区域内所取得的经济发展成就,得益于本区域内不断推进的贸易与投资便利化成效,以及为推进贸易投资便利化所进行的务实合作。因此,上合组织贸易投资便利化水平,将在很大程度上决定区域经济合作的广度和深度,也直接关系到上合组织成员国2015年能否启动建立自由贸易区谈判以及2020年建成自由贸易区。但是,上海合作组织区域的贸易投资便利化水平与区域经济发展的客观需要依然具有较大差距,因此,加大推动贸易投资便利化力度,改善区域贸易投资环境,仍是今后上海合作组织贸易投资便利化发展的重点。这就需要上海合作组织各国通过削减非关税壁垒、绿色贸易壁垒、进口许可证、进口配额制等来提升贸易便利化水平；通过继续加强高效便捷的现代化国际运输通道体系建设,简化海外人员进出国境手续,提高本国政府工作效率,积极鼓励外资进入并保障外资的合法权益来创造一个政局稳定的投资环境。中方要加大投入,发挥主导作用,不断推动合作领域的扩大。只有通过不断加深的经济合作才能推进贸易投资便利化进程,进而实现上海合作组织的自由贸易区目标。尤其是在全球经济危机影响仍未消除的情况下,只有加强成员国间的合作,才能切实解决各国自身存在的问题。除了要加强能源方面的对话和合作外,还要加强在高科技通信领域内创新型的合作项目,发展交通基础设施,发展国际型的物流中心,构建区域金融合作体系,为多边合作提供金融支持。未来,上海合作组织便利化建设,需要进一步加强制度化建设,促进金融合作可持续发展,大力推进贸易与投资便利化进程。
本文采取总论与分论相结合的研究思路,揭示了上海合作组织贸易投资便利化的发展进程及未来前景。本文认为,区域经济合作理论、国际交易成本理论、国际贸易理论是贸易投资便利化的理论基础；本文认为,只有清楚把握上海合作组织区域经济合作总体状况和上海合作组织贸易投资便利化的法律框架与机制化建设,才能更好地推动两个便利化的深入发展。本文着眼于贸易投资便利化的建设与发展,分别研究上海合作组织贸易便利化基础、障碍和发展前景,研究投资便利化成绩、问题及各国为促进投资便利化所开展的务实合作。最后,既提出上海合作组织便利化水平提升的总体规划,也提出我国促进上海合作组织贸易投资便利化应采取的策略及措施。本文通过系统研究上海合作组织10年来贸易与投资便利化进程取得的成就及存在的问题,指出未来上海合作组织推进贸易投资便利化的发展方向,并提出如何有效地发挥中国在上海合作组织便利化建设中的策略,从而更快地推进上海合作组织贸易投资便利化以加快区域经济一体化进程。
本文共分九章：第一章和第二章首先提出问题,认为贸易投资便利化是上海合作组织开展经济合作的首要任务,因此,本研究具有重要的理论意义,又具有现实的应用意义。同时,介绍与本研究相关的理论、概念界定以及国内外有关研究综述等。第三章主要介绍上海合作组织区域经济合作发展现状。通过分析上海合作组织区域经济合作成果和问题,得出结论认为,当前推进贸易投资便利化依然是上海合作组织区域经济合作的首要任务,只有通过便利化建设,才能扩大贸易和提高区域生产能力,解决区域经济合作中存在的问题,从而进一步推进区域的贸易投资便利化水平,加快区域经济一体化进程。第四章重点阐述上海合作组织贸易投资便利化的法律基础与机制化建设。上海合作组织贸易投资便利化建设的过程,也是区域组织法律制度建设的过程。为此,深入研究上海合作组织推进贸易投资便利化的法律基础与机制化建设,为本文搭建总的制度框架和机制平台。第五章着重于上海合作组织贸易便利化进程分析。利用定量方法,系统研究区域贸易便利化已取的成就和存在的制约因素,评价区域贸易便利化的绩效,并探讨建立自由贸易区的挑战与前景。第六章则侧重上海合作组织投资便利化发展状况分析。定量分析区域投资便利化的水平,分析了各国为提升企业投资环境所实行的政策改革以及各国为此所开展的多边或双边性的务实合作。第七章主要论述了上海合作组织自由贸易区建设。自由贸易区是融贸易与投资为一体的经贸合作平台。上海合作组织自由贸易区建设是加速区域内贸易便利化和投资便利化的重要平台。为此,本章重点分析上合组织国家自由贸易区建设的条件和发展路径。第八章论述了中国推进上海合作组织贸易投资便利化的措施。本部分详细勾勒出如何以中国为主导,采取恰当的措施,实现中国与上海合作组织区域经济合作的共同发展。第九章给出本文的结论。本部分既是对全文的总结,也是对未来上海合作组织推进贸易投资便利化进程的规划。未来,上海合作组织便利化建设,应着力于完善制度化建设,加强金融合作可持续发展,并同时推进贸易与投资便利化。
本文的研究方法为：第一,历史演进的、动态的研究方法。本文从历史演进的视角总结和归纳上海合作组织近10年贸易投资便利化发展历程,研究其中发展变化的规律,最后前瞻性的分析了上合组织国家贸易投资便利化建设的条件和发展路径。第二,定性、定量分析相结合的方法。对上海合作组织贸易与投资便利化问题进行阐述,定性研究是论文的主要研究方法。同时还充分运用大量的数据资料来描述和说明有关经济变量间的关系,明确阐释所研究现象的内在规律,尤其是本文通过定量分析法测量上海合作组织区域贸易便利化水平和投资便利化水平。第三,制度分析的方法。上海合作组织国家贸易投资便利化的提升,必将涉及到这些国家多方面的制度变革。因此,本文应用制度分析的相关理论分析上海合作组织贸易投资便利化的效应以及路径选择,得出便利化措施的效果与各项制度改革的实施次序有关。
本文的创新之处在于：第一,在贸易投资便利化发展前景分析上具有前瞻性,不仅在政策取向上提出创新性思路,而且对未来上海合作组织推进贸易投资便利化做了有根据的规划。第二,不仅使用定性方法进行,而且还通过定量分析法测量上海合作组织区域贸易便利化水平和投资便利化水平,弥补了国内研究的不足。第三,系统总结了上海合作组织10年贸易投资便利化进程的经验与问题,提出了积极推动上海合作组织制度化建设的建议。本文的不足之处在于：第一,由于个别国家,尤其是乌兹别克斯坦的数据可得性差,所以本文在论述时难以涵盖该国数据,计算、分析及政策建议的给出均因此而受到一定的限制限制。第二,由于作者本人学识和研究条件的限制,对于上合组织贸易投资便利化的研究可能有不全面和欠缺之处。
After10years of development, the trade and investment facilitation carried out by the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has improved significantly since its first establishment, and has efficiently promoted the process of the integration of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. During the past ten years, the member countries have promoted trade and investment facilitation in customs, quality control, finance, transportation, investment and promotion and such areas, and has also enhanced the pragmatic collaboration in the following areas, agriculture, energy, transportation and science and technology. Meanwhile, trade links between member countries have expanded, areas in collaboration investment have broadened and regional economic cooperation has deepened.
Focusing on the issues of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization systematically has a significant meaning in both theory and practice. First of all, there is great significance to study this issue in practice. On one hand, this is beneficial to upgrading the level of the trade and investment level in regions, to detect the existing problems and what to focus on in the future, as well as activate the vitality of regional economics, in order to realize the economical goals in the respective regions by collaboration. This can be done by systematically studying the achievements of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization of the past ten years. On the other hand, by studying the relevant methods to promote the trade and investment facilitation in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, it is also beneficial for China to be able to participate more efficiently in the regional economical cooperation within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and also promote the sustainable development of economic growth in our country. Secondly, there is great theoretical meaning to study these issues. Focusing on the mechanism of promoting the trade and investment facilitation through collaboration in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is also a whole new way to explore regional economical cooperation in theory. In the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, there are countries with strong economical powers, such as China and Russia, and also mid-Asian countries with relevantly weaker strengths. Not only do these countries have huge gaps between each other's economical power and uneven internal development within each country, but they are also new and developing economies. To promote the trade and investment facilitation and to achieve the goals of regional economical cooperation in such regions with such complicated structures, we cannot just copy the ways of the European Union and North America. We need member countries to create new and unique regional collaboration models. This study puts in consideration of the complicated structures with relevant regions, and attempts to detect collaboration mechanisms for trade and investment facilitation, models for countries with strong and weak strengths to work with each other, increase the level of regional trade and investment facilitation, in order to develop together within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The economic developments that have been achieved in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization regions are based on the effects of trade and investment facilitation carried out in these areas, and efforts on promoting the pragmatic cooperation of trade and investment facilitation. Therefore, the level of trade and investment facilitation affects the breadth and depth of regional cooperation severely, and also has direct effects on the establishment of free trade regional negotiations by member countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in2015and the completion of free trade areas in2020. However, there is still a great gap between the level of trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the actual needs of regional economic development. Hence, the main focus for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in the future is to increase its efforts to promote trade and investment facilitation and improve the trade investment environment in related regions. This means that the member countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization need to reduce non-tariff barriers, green trade barriers, import licenses, import quotas and such ways to enhance the level of trade facilitation; as well as by continuing-to strengthen the construction of a modern international transportation system, simplify the overseas personnel formalities for foreigners when crossing borders, improve respected government efficiency, encourage foreign investment and secure the legitimate rights of foreign capital, and create a politically stable investment environment. China should increase its investment, play a leading role and continue to promote the expansion of collaboration areas. Only by deepening economical cooperation can we promote the process of trade and investment facilitation, and thus to achieve the aim of establishing a free trade zone by the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Especially with the consideration of the global financial crisis still in effect, only by enhancing the cooperation between member countries can we solve the problems in each respective country. Areas for collaboration and discussions to be carried out include not only energy, but also other fields, such as to strengthen the positive development of science-intensive and innovative cooperation projects in the field of high-tech communication system, develop transportation infrastructure, develop international logistic centers, create regional financial cooperation systems and provide financial support to multilateral cooperation. In order to carry out facilitation construction in the future, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization needs to improve it institutionalization, the sustainable development of financial cooperation, and to promote trade and investment facilitation at the same time in order to achieve maximum results.
This study adopts both general and detailed research methods, in order to reveal the process and future of the trade and facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. This study believes that the theory of regional economic cooperation, international transaction cost theory and international trade theory are the basis of the theory of trade and investment facilitation. This dissertation argues that only by grasping the overall status of the economy in relevant regions of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the legal framework and systematic construction of the trade and investment facilitation in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, can we promote the facilitation of both aspects in a better way. This study focuses on the establishment and development of trade and investment facilitation, and detects the foundation, obstacles and future of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, as well as the results and problems in trade and investment facilitation, and the pragmatic cooperation methods that member countries have adopted in order to promote trade and investment facilitation. Finally, the dissertation proposes the overall planning to increase the level of facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and the strategies and measures that our country should adopt in order to promote the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. This study systematically researches on the achievements and the problems that have surfaced during the past ten years of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, points out the direction of development for its future and proposes the strategies for China to play a more efficient role for the facilitation process in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, so to promote the trade and investment facilitation and hence, promote the process of regional economic integration.
This dissertation includes8chapters. The first and second chapters point out the issues and propose that trade and investment facilitation should be the initial economical cooperation mission for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Therefore, this study has a significant theoretical meaning, as well as practical importance. Meanwhile, these two chapters also introduce the related theories, concepts and definitions, and the relevant studies and summaries carried out both nationally and internationally. Chapter Three introduces the current developments of the regional economic cooperation the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. By analyzing the achievements and problems of the regional economical cooperation by the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the third chapter concludes that promoting trade and investment facilitation continues to be the initial economical cooperation mission for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Only by carrying out facilitation, can we expand trade areas and increase regional productive forces, and to solve the regional economical cooperation problems, so to increase the level of regional trade and investment facilitation and promote the process of regional economic integration. The fourth chapter illustrates the legal foundation and mechanism construction of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The process of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is also the process of establishing regional legal systems. Thus, in order to focus on the legal foundation and mechanism construction of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the dissertation outlines the overall institutional framework and mechanisms platform. Chapter Five focuses on the analysis of the process of trade facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. By using quantitative methods, this chapter systematically researches on the achievements and constraints of regional trade facilitation, evaluates the progress and results of regional trade facilitation and explores the challenges and future of establishing free trade zones. The sixth chapter focuses the analysis of the developments on the investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. This chapter uses quantitative methods to analyze the level of regional investment facilitation, the strategies that countries have adopted to improve relevant investment environments and the multilateral or bilateral pragmatic cooperation carried out by respective countries. Chapter Seven states the construction of the free trade zones of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The free trade zones are a platform for economical and trade cooperation, which combines both trade and investment elements. The construction of the free trade zones of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is a crucial platform for accelerating the trade facilitation and investment facilitation within the zones. Hence, this chapter focuses on analyzing the conditions and development strategies of constructing the free trade zones between member countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Chapter Eight is the summary of this study. This chapter is a conclusion to the whole dissertation, and also a conclusion to the planning of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. In the future, the construction of the facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the perfection of the institutionalism, the sustainable development of financial cooperation, and the promotion of trade and investment facilitation together will be more in effect.
The research methods that this study has adopted are as follow:First of all, a historical, dynamic research method. This dissertation reviews and summarizes the development and process of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization during the past ten years through a historical perspective, analyzes the patterns of its developments and changes, and finally analyzes the conditions and development strategies on promoting trade and investment facilitation within member countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Secondly, this study adopts a qualitative and quantitative combined method for analysis. This study illustrates the issues of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and mainly adopts a qualitative method for analysis. This dissertation also uses a large amount of data to describe and illustrate the relationship between the relevant economical variables and to clearly explain the internal pattern of the phenomena studied in this dissertation, especially by using quantitative methods to analyze and measure the level of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Third of all, this dissertation uses an institutional analysis method. The improvement of the trade and investment facilitation of the member countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is obviously related to the institutional changes of many aspects of these countries. Therefore, this study adopts the relevant theories of institutional analysis methods to analyze the effects and paths selected in the trade and investment facilitation process of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and concludes that the effects of the measures taken to promote the trade and investment facilitation is related to the order of the institutional changes carried out.
There are several innovation points in this paper:Firstly, maintain perceptiveness when analyzing the future for the trade and investment facilitation. This study not only proposes creative new ideas for strategies, but also illustrates careful planning for the future of promoting the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Secondly, this study is carried out by using not only qualitative methods, but also quantitative methods to analyze the level of both trade and investment facilitation in regions of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, which makes up for the lack of using both methods within studies in China. Thirdly, this study systematically summarizes the experiences and issues that have surface during the past ten years in the trade and investment facilitation process of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and proposes suggestions on how to actively promote the institutional establishment for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
The limitations of this study are as follow:Firstly, due to the difficulties in obtaining the data of certain countries, especially from Uzbekistan, it is not possible to cover all the data of these countries. Hence, the calculation, analysis and suggestions on proposing relevant strategies are affected by this reason. Secondly, due to the limitations of the author's knowledge and limited conditions on analyzing, the research on the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization may not be comprehensive enough, as well as shortcomings in this dissertation.
系统研究上海合作组织贸易与投资便利化问题具有重要的理论和实践意义。首先,研究这个问题具有较大的现实意义。一方面通过系统研究上海合作组织10年来贸易与投资便利化进程取得的成就,梳理存在的问题,理清未来的工作重点,有助于下一阶段提升区域贸易投资便利化水平,更好地激活区域经济活力,从而实现区域经济合作目标：另一方面,通过研究中国推进上海合作组织贸易投资便利化的相关问题,有助于中国更好地参与上海合作组织区域经济合作,促进中国经济可持续性发展。其次,研究这个问题具有重要的理论意义。研究上海合作组织推进区域贸易投资便利化的合作机制也是对区域经济合作理论的新探索。上海合作组织区域内,既有中俄这样经济实力雄厚的大国,也有综合实力弱下的中亚小国,这些国家不仅经济实力差距悬殊,各国国家内部发展也不平衡,而且又都是新兴与发展中的经济体。在这样一个结构复杂的区域内推进贸易投资便利化和实现区域经济合作目标,不能照搬欧盟、北美的模式,需要各成员国探索地区合作的新模式。本选题尝试研究在区域内构建区域贸易投资便利化合作机制,发挥大国与小国互动协作,提高区域贸易投资便利化水平,以促进上海合作组织区域的共同发展。上海合作组织区域内所取得的经济发展成就,得益于本区域内不断推进的贸易与投资便利化成效,以及为推进贸易投资便利化所进行的务实合作。因此,上合组织贸易投资便利化水平,将在很大程度上决定区域经济合作的广度和深度,也直接关系到上合组织成员国2015年能否启动建立自由贸易区谈判以及2020年建成自由贸易区。但是,上海合作组织区域的贸易投资便利化水平与区域经济发展的客观需要依然具有较大差距,因此,加大推动贸易投资便利化力度,改善区域贸易投资环境,仍是今后上海合作组织贸易投资便利化发展的重点。这就需要上海合作组织各国通过削减非关税壁垒、绿色贸易壁垒、进口许可证、进口配额制等来提升贸易便利化水平；通过继续加强高效便捷的现代化国际运输通道体系建设,简化海外人员进出国境手续,提高本国政府工作效率,积极鼓励外资进入并保障外资的合法权益来创造一个政局稳定的投资环境。中方要加大投入,发挥主导作用,不断推动合作领域的扩大。只有通过不断加深的经济合作才能推进贸易投资便利化进程,进而实现上海合作组织的自由贸易区目标。尤其是在全球经济危机影响仍未消除的情况下,只有加强成员国间的合作,才能切实解决各国自身存在的问题。除了要加强能源方面的对话和合作外,还要加强在高科技通信领域内创新型的合作项目,发展交通基础设施,发展国际型的物流中心,构建区域金融合作体系,为多边合作提供金融支持。未来,上海合作组织便利化建设,需要进一步加强制度化建设,促进金融合作可持续发展,大力推进贸易与投资便利化进程。
本文采取总论与分论相结合的研究思路,揭示了上海合作组织贸易投资便利化的发展进程及未来前景。本文认为,区域经济合作理论、国际交易成本理论、国际贸易理论是贸易投资便利化的理论基础；本文认为,只有清楚把握上海合作组织区域经济合作总体状况和上海合作组织贸易投资便利化的法律框架与机制化建设,才能更好地推动两个便利化的深入发展。本文着眼于贸易投资便利化的建设与发展,分别研究上海合作组织贸易便利化基础、障碍和发展前景,研究投资便利化成绩、问题及各国为促进投资便利化所开展的务实合作。最后,既提出上海合作组织便利化水平提升的总体规划,也提出我国促进上海合作组织贸易投资便利化应采取的策略及措施。本文通过系统研究上海合作组织10年来贸易与投资便利化进程取得的成就及存在的问题,指出未来上海合作组织推进贸易投资便利化的发展方向,并提出如何有效地发挥中国在上海合作组织便利化建设中的策略,从而更快地推进上海合作组织贸易投资便利化以加快区域经济一体化进程。
本文共分九章：第一章和第二章首先提出问题,认为贸易投资便利化是上海合作组织开展经济合作的首要任务,因此,本研究具有重要的理论意义,又具有现实的应用意义。同时,介绍与本研究相关的理论、概念界定以及国内外有关研究综述等。第三章主要介绍上海合作组织区域经济合作发展现状。通过分析上海合作组织区域经济合作成果和问题,得出结论认为,当前推进贸易投资便利化依然是上海合作组织区域经济合作的首要任务,只有通过便利化建设,才能扩大贸易和提高区域生产能力,解决区域经济合作中存在的问题,从而进一步推进区域的贸易投资便利化水平,加快区域经济一体化进程。第四章重点阐述上海合作组织贸易投资便利化的法律基础与机制化建设。上海合作组织贸易投资便利化建设的过程,也是区域组织法律制度建设的过程。为此,深入研究上海合作组织推进贸易投资便利化的法律基础与机制化建设,为本文搭建总的制度框架和机制平台。第五章着重于上海合作组织贸易便利化进程分析。利用定量方法,系统研究区域贸易便利化已取的成就和存在的制约因素,评价区域贸易便利化的绩效,并探讨建立自由贸易区的挑战与前景。第六章则侧重上海合作组织投资便利化发展状况分析。定量分析区域投资便利化的水平,分析了各国为提升企业投资环境所实行的政策改革以及各国为此所开展的多边或双边性的务实合作。第七章主要论述了上海合作组织自由贸易区建设。自由贸易区是融贸易与投资为一体的经贸合作平台。上海合作组织自由贸易区建设是加速区域内贸易便利化和投资便利化的重要平台。为此,本章重点分析上合组织国家自由贸易区建设的条件和发展路径。第八章论述了中国推进上海合作组织贸易投资便利化的措施。本部分详细勾勒出如何以中国为主导,采取恰当的措施,实现中国与上海合作组织区域经济合作的共同发展。第九章给出本文的结论。本部分既是对全文的总结,也是对未来上海合作组织推进贸易投资便利化进程的规划。未来,上海合作组织便利化建设,应着力于完善制度化建设,加强金融合作可持续发展,并同时推进贸易与投资便利化。
本文的研究方法为：第一,历史演进的、动态的研究方法。本文从历史演进的视角总结和归纳上海合作组织近10年贸易投资便利化发展历程,研究其中发展变化的规律,最后前瞻性的分析了上合组织国家贸易投资便利化建设的条件和发展路径。第二,定性、定量分析相结合的方法。对上海合作组织贸易与投资便利化问题进行阐述,定性研究是论文的主要研究方法。同时还充分运用大量的数据资料来描述和说明有关经济变量间的关系,明确阐释所研究现象的内在规律,尤其是本文通过定量分析法测量上海合作组织区域贸易便利化水平和投资便利化水平。第三,制度分析的方法。上海合作组织国家贸易投资便利化的提升,必将涉及到这些国家多方面的制度变革。因此,本文应用制度分析的相关理论分析上海合作组织贸易投资便利化的效应以及路径选择,得出便利化措施的效果与各项制度改革的实施次序有关。
本文的创新之处在于：第一,在贸易投资便利化发展前景分析上具有前瞻性,不仅在政策取向上提出创新性思路,而且对未来上海合作组织推进贸易投资便利化做了有根据的规划。第二,不仅使用定性方法进行,而且还通过定量分析法测量上海合作组织区域贸易便利化水平和投资便利化水平,弥补了国内研究的不足。第三,系统总结了上海合作组织10年贸易投资便利化进程的经验与问题,提出了积极推动上海合作组织制度化建设的建议。本文的不足之处在于：第一,由于个别国家,尤其是乌兹别克斯坦的数据可得性差,所以本文在论述时难以涵盖该国数据,计算、分析及政策建议的给出均因此而受到一定的限制限制。第二,由于作者本人学识和研究条件的限制,对于上合组织贸易投资便利化的研究可能有不全面和欠缺之处。
After10years of development, the trade and investment facilitation carried out by the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has improved significantly since its first establishment, and has efficiently promoted the process of the integration of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. During the past ten years, the member countries have promoted trade and investment facilitation in customs, quality control, finance, transportation, investment and promotion and such areas, and has also enhanced the pragmatic collaboration in the following areas, agriculture, energy, transportation and science and technology. Meanwhile, trade links between member countries have expanded, areas in collaboration investment have broadened and regional economic cooperation has deepened.
Focusing on the issues of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization systematically has a significant meaning in both theory and practice. First of all, there is great significance to study this issue in practice. On one hand, this is beneficial to upgrading the level of the trade and investment level in regions, to detect the existing problems and what to focus on in the future, as well as activate the vitality of regional economics, in order to realize the economical goals in the respective regions by collaboration. This can be done by systematically studying the achievements of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization of the past ten years. On the other hand, by studying the relevant methods to promote the trade and investment facilitation in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, it is also beneficial for China to be able to participate more efficiently in the regional economical cooperation within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and also promote the sustainable development of economic growth in our country. Secondly, there is great theoretical meaning to study these issues. Focusing on the mechanism of promoting the trade and investment facilitation through collaboration in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is also a whole new way to explore regional economical cooperation in theory. In the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, there are countries with strong economical powers, such as China and Russia, and also mid-Asian countries with relevantly weaker strengths. Not only do these countries have huge gaps between each other's economical power and uneven internal development within each country, but they are also new and developing economies. To promote the trade and investment facilitation and to achieve the goals of regional economical cooperation in such regions with such complicated structures, we cannot just copy the ways of the European Union and North America. We need member countries to create new and unique regional collaboration models. This study puts in consideration of the complicated structures with relevant regions, and attempts to detect collaboration mechanisms for trade and investment facilitation, models for countries with strong and weak strengths to work with each other, increase the level of regional trade and investment facilitation, in order to develop together within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The economic developments that have been achieved in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization regions are based on the effects of trade and investment facilitation carried out in these areas, and efforts on promoting the pragmatic cooperation of trade and investment facilitation. Therefore, the level of trade and investment facilitation affects the breadth and depth of regional cooperation severely, and also has direct effects on the establishment of free trade regional negotiations by member countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in2015and the completion of free trade areas in2020. However, there is still a great gap between the level of trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the actual needs of regional economic development. Hence, the main focus for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in the future is to increase its efforts to promote trade and investment facilitation and improve the trade investment environment in related regions. This means that the member countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization need to reduce non-tariff barriers, green trade barriers, import licenses, import quotas and such ways to enhance the level of trade facilitation; as well as by continuing-to strengthen the construction of a modern international transportation system, simplify the overseas personnel formalities for foreigners when crossing borders, improve respected government efficiency, encourage foreign investment and secure the legitimate rights of foreign capital, and create a politically stable investment environment. China should increase its investment, play a leading role and continue to promote the expansion of collaboration areas. Only by deepening economical cooperation can we promote the process of trade and investment facilitation, and thus to achieve the aim of establishing a free trade zone by the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Especially with the consideration of the global financial crisis still in effect, only by enhancing the cooperation between member countries can we solve the problems in each respective country. Areas for collaboration and discussions to be carried out include not only energy, but also other fields, such as to strengthen the positive development of science-intensive and innovative cooperation projects in the field of high-tech communication system, develop transportation infrastructure, develop international logistic centers, create regional financial cooperation systems and provide financial support to multilateral cooperation. In order to carry out facilitation construction in the future, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization needs to improve it institutionalization, the sustainable development of financial cooperation, and to promote trade and investment facilitation at the same time in order to achieve maximum results.
This study adopts both general and detailed research methods, in order to reveal the process and future of the trade and facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. This study believes that the theory of regional economic cooperation, international transaction cost theory and international trade theory are the basis of the theory of trade and investment facilitation. This dissertation argues that only by grasping the overall status of the economy in relevant regions of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the legal framework and systematic construction of the trade and investment facilitation in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, can we promote the facilitation of both aspects in a better way. This study focuses on the establishment and development of trade and investment facilitation, and detects the foundation, obstacles and future of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, as well as the results and problems in trade and investment facilitation, and the pragmatic cooperation methods that member countries have adopted in order to promote trade and investment facilitation. Finally, the dissertation proposes the overall planning to increase the level of facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and the strategies and measures that our country should adopt in order to promote the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. This study systematically researches on the achievements and the problems that have surfaced during the past ten years of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, points out the direction of development for its future and proposes the strategies for China to play a more efficient role for the facilitation process in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, so to promote the trade and investment facilitation and hence, promote the process of regional economic integration.
This dissertation includes8chapters. The first and second chapters point out the issues and propose that trade and investment facilitation should be the initial economical cooperation mission for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Therefore, this study has a significant theoretical meaning, as well as practical importance. Meanwhile, these two chapters also introduce the related theories, concepts and definitions, and the relevant studies and summaries carried out both nationally and internationally. Chapter Three introduces the current developments of the regional economic cooperation the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. By analyzing the achievements and problems of the regional economical cooperation by the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the third chapter concludes that promoting trade and investment facilitation continues to be the initial economical cooperation mission for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Only by carrying out facilitation, can we expand trade areas and increase regional productive forces, and to solve the regional economical cooperation problems, so to increase the level of regional trade and investment facilitation and promote the process of regional economic integration. The fourth chapter illustrates the legal foundation and mechanism construction of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The process of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is also the process of establishing regional legal systems. Thus, in order to focus on the legal foundation and mechanism construction of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the dissertation outlines the overall institutional framework and mechanisms platform. Chapter Five focuses on the analysis of the process of trade facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. By using quantitative methods, this chapter systematically researches on the achievements and constraints of regional trade facilitation, evaluates the progress and results of regional trade facilitation and explores the challenges and future of establishing free trade zones. The sixth chapter focuses the analysis of the developments on the investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. This chapter uses quantitative methods to analyze the level of regional investment facilitation, the strategies that countries have adopted to improve relevant investment environments and the multilateral or bilateral pragmatic cooperation carried out by respective countries. Chapter Seven states the construction of the free trade zones of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The free trade zones are a platform for economical and trade cooperation, which combines both trade and investment elements. The construction of the free trade zones of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is a crucial platform for accelerating the trade facilitation and investment facilitation within the zones. Hence, this chapter focuses on analyzing the conditions and development strategies of constructing the free trade zones between member countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Chapter Eight is the summary of this study. This chapter is a conclusion to the whole dissertation, and also a conclusion to the planning of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. In the future, the construction of the facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the perfection of the institutionalism, the sustainable development of financial cooperation, and the promotion of trade and investment facilitation together will be more in effect.
The research methods that this study has adopted are as follow:First of all, a historical, dynamic research method. This dissertation reviews and summarizes the development and process of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization during the past ten years through a historical perspective, analyzes the patterns of its developments and changes, and finally analyzes the conditions and development strategies on promoting trade and investment facilitation within member countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Secondly, this study adopts a qualitative and quantitative combined method for analysis. This study illustrates the issues of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and mainly adopts a qualitative method for analysis. This dissertation also uses a large amount of data to describe and illustrate the relationship between the relevant economical variables and to clearly explain the internal pattern of the phenomena studied in this dissertation, especially by using quantitative methods to analyze and measure the level of the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Third of all, this dissertation uses an institutional analysis method. The improvement of the trade and investment facilitation of the member countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is obviously related to the institutional changes of many aspects of these countries. Therefore, this study adopts the relevant theories of institutional analysis methods to analyze the effects and paths selected in the trade and investment facilitation process of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and concludes that the effects of the measures taken to promote the trade and investment facilitation is related to the order of the institutional changes carried out.
There are several innovation points in this paper:Firstly, maintain perceptiveness when analyzing the future for the trade and investment facilitation. This study not only proposes creative new ideas for strategies, but also illustrates careful planning for the future of promoting the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Secondly, this study is carried out by using not only qualitative methods, but also quantitative methods to analyze the level of both trade and investment facilitation in regions of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, which makes up for the lack of using both methods within studies in China. Thirdly, this study systematically summarizes the experiences and issues that have surface during the past ten years in the trade and investment facilitation process of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and proposes suggestions on how to actively promote the institutional establishment for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
The limitations of this study are as follow:Firstly, due to the difficulties in obtaining the data of certain countries, especially from Uzbekistan, it is not possible to cover all the data of these countries. Hence, the calculation, analysis and suggestions on proposing relevant strategies are affected by this reason. Secondly, due to the limitations of the author's knowledge and limited conditions on analyzing, the research on the trade and investment facilitation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization may not be comprehensive enough, as well as shortcomings in this dissertation.
引文
①沈铭辉.金砖国家合作机制探索[J].太平洋学报,2011,(10)：28-29.
② Kim.S., Park,I. et al.Measuring the Impact of APEC Trade Facilitation:A Gravity Analysis From APEC 2004:Trade Facilitation And Trade Liberalization,From Shanghai To Bogor[R].APEC 2004,Singapore.
①陆燕.世界贸易增长减速下中国外贸发展的挑战[EB/OL].http://www.caitec.org.cn/c/cn/news/2012-10/08/news_3528.html.
②余波.现代国际物流发展对海关监管的挑战与应对[J].求索,2007,(2).
③向君.我国通关监管现代化与贸易便利化[J].兰州商学院学报,2007,(1).
④张鲁彬.贸易便利化与海关现代化互动关系研究[J].国际经济合作,2007,(12)：27-29.
⑤柴瑜.金砖国家贸易便利化问题研究[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社,2010.120.
⑥王海燕,等.贸易投资便利化——中国与哈萨克斯坦[M].上海：华东师范大学出版社,2012.
⑦韩立华.上海合作组织框架下多边能源合作的条件与前景[J].国际石油经济,2006,(6)；陈小沁.上海合作组织能源一体化前景探析[J].国际经济合作,2008,(10).
①王海运.关于上海合作组织能源合作的思考[J].西安交通大学学报,2010,(1).
②张玉国.上海合作组织能源俱乐部建设问题与前景[J].俄罗斯研究,2007,(3).
③潘光.上海合作组织与中国的海外能源发展战略[J].世界经济研究,2005,(7)；李葆珍.上海合作组织的能源合作与中国的能源安全[J].郑州大学学报,2010,(7).
④耿晔强,马志敏.基于博弈视角下的中国与上海合作组织成员国能源合作分析[J].世界经济研究,2011,(1).
⑤李钢.上海合作组织--加速推进的区域经济合作[M].北京：中国海关出版社,2004.
①王海燕,等.贸易投资便利化--中国与哈萨克斯坦[M].上海：华东师范大学出版社,2012.
②葛炬,李莉,李惠清,等.新疆贸易便利化和物流发展研究项目[R].2006-04.
①秦放鸣.中国与中亚国家区域经济合作研究[M].北京：科学出版社,2010(3).
① Coase, R.H.The Nature of the Firm[J].Economica,1937,16(4):386-405.
② Coase, R.H.The Problem of Social Cost[J].The Journal of Law and Economics,1960,10(3):1-146.
③威廉姆森,O.E.企业的性质：起源和演变[M].北京：商务印书馆,2007.
④ Arrow, K.J.General Competitive Analysis[M].North-Holland,1983.23-237.
①中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局.马克思恩格斯全集(第25卷)[M].北京：人民出版社,1974.
② Ricardo, D.On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation[M].Cambridge:Cambridge Press, 1951.
③http://www.tianshannet.com.cn/finance/content/2011-06/27/content_5923912_2.htm.
①许勤华.后金融危机时期上合组织框架内多边能源合作现状及前景[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧研究,2012,(4)：58.
① http://club.xilu.com/emas/msgview-821955-217795.html.
②中国新闻网.盘点上合北京峰会,谋划未来等三大亮点[DB/OL].http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2012/06-08/3947535.shtml.
①李进峰,吴宏伟.2012上海合作组织发展报告[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012.
②中国新闻网.盘点上合北京峰会,谋划未来等三大亮点[DB/OL].http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2012/06-08/3947535.shtml.
②王新平,陈锐.中哈金融合作与制度安排——对中哈本币结算的探讨[J].俄罗斯中亚东市场,2008,(11).
③张远军.中俄金融合作热点问题聚焦[M].北京：中国金融出版社,2011.61.
①柴瑜.金砖国家贸易便利化：发展与合作[J].中国金融,2011,(5)：25.
②李进峰,吴宏伟.上海合作组织发展报告(2012)[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012.122.
①李进峰,吴宏伟.上海合作组织发展报告(2012)[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012.120.
①柴瑜.金砖国家贸易贸易便利化：发展与合作[J].中国金融,2011,(5)：25.
①张远军.中俄金融合作热点问题聚焦[M].北京：中国金融出版社,2011.41-52.
①柴瑜.金砖国家贸易贸易便利化：发展与合作[J].中国金融,2011,(5)：25.
①杨莉.中国贸易便利化改革的成本与利益分析[M].北京：经济管理出版社,2011.
①李进峰,吴宏伟2012上海合作组织发展报告[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012.
①李福川.俄罗斯外资环境分析[J].俄罗斯东欧中亚市场,2012,(5)：14.
①宋魁,等.俄罗斯投资环境分析[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧市场,2011,(8)：15.
①秦放鸣.中国与中亚国家区域经济合作发展与评价[M].北京：科学出版社,2010.51.
①吴波,傅志明.我国吸引外资的政策选择和效果分析[J].经济问题探索,2009,(6).
①孙永祥.上海合作组织框架内的能源合作[J].国际展望,2011,(5)：108.
①孙永祥.上海合作组织框架内的能源合作[J].国际展望,2011,(5)：112.
①许勤华.后金融危机时期上合组织框架内多边能源合作现状及前景[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧研究,2012,(4)：58.
①须同凯.上海合作组织区域经济合作——发展历程与前景展望[M].北京：人民出版社,2010.199.
①李进峰,吴宏伟.2012上海合作组织发展报告[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012.
①江宏伟.非传统安全视野下的中俄农业合作研究[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧研究,2010,(8).
②李进峰,吴宏伟.2012上海合作组织发展报告[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012.
②张海森.中国与澳大利亚建立自由贸易区研究[M].北京：对外经济贸易大学出版社,2007.19。
①郑其敏,占云生.关于加快人民币资本项目可兑换进程的探讨[J].中国证券期货,2010(11).
①李新.人民币国际化：上海合作组织的金融合作[J].学习与探索,2011,(1).
[1]毕燕茹.中国与中亚国家的产业合作研究[D].新疆：新疆大学博士学位论文,2010.37-186.
[2]崔颖.上海合作组织区域经济合作--共同发展的新实践[M].北京：经济科学出版社,2007.126-214.
[3]陈小沁.上海合作组织能源一体化前景探析[J].国际经济合作,2008,(10)：50-54.
[4]柴瑜.金砖国家贸易贸易便利化：发展与合作[J].中国金融,2011,(5)：24-26.
[5]柴瑜.金砖国家贸易便利化问题研究[M].第4版.北京：中国社会科学出版社,2010.5-46.
[6]狄湛,任飞.上海合作组织区域经济一体化初探[J].俄罗斯中东欧市场,2005,(1)：35-39.
[7]杜燕飞.欧亚四国发起《西安倡议》拟加快启动上合组织能源俱乐部[EB/OL].http://www.cnstock.com/index/gdxw/201109/1565925.htm.2011-09-25.
[8]俄新网,莫斯科2011年1月13日电[EB/OL].http://rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/.
[9]俄罗斯正式加入WTO中国企业迎来赴俄投资新机遇[EB/OL].http://money.163.com/12/0827/23/89UUJJ1G00252G50.html.2012-08-27.
[10]耿晔强,马志敏.基于博弈视角下的中国与上海合作组织成员国能源合作分析[J].世界经济研究,2011,(1)：16-21.
[11]葛炬、李莉、李惠清,等.新疆贸易便利化和物流发展研究项目[M].2006.3-25.
[12]郭飞,等.贸易自由化与投资自由化互动关系研究[M].北京：人民出版社,2006.75-156.
[13]郭晓琼.世界经济危机深化背景下的上海合作组织[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧研究,2012,(5)：59-63.
[14]哈萨克斯坦贸易壁垒[EB/OL].http://www.nbfet.gov.cn/zhuanti/index.php/zhuant/jwtzview/id/2713/sub/1.
[15]哈萨克斯坦投资环境略析[EB/OL].http://www.studa.net/guojimaoyi/090112/11122326.html.2009-01-12.
[16]哈萨克斯坦贸易壁垒分析[EB/OL].http://www.nbfet.gov.cn/1.
[17]何明珂.贸易便利化与过境运输[M].北京：知识产权出版社,2008.56-231.
[18]韩立华.上海合作组织框架下多边能源合作的条件与前景[J].国际石油经济,2006,(6)：3-6.
[19]韩立华.上海合作组织框架下多边能源合作的条件与前景_[EB/OL].http://www.cssn.cn/news/409901.htm.2011-03-17.
[20]韩玉军.国际经济学[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2010.5-146.
[21]江宏伟.非传统安全视野下的中俄农业合作研究[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧研究,2010,(8)：36-45.
[22]李葆珍.上海合作组织的能源合作与中国的能源安全[J].郑州大学学报,2010,(7)：110-114.
[23]李福川.俄罗斯外资环境分析[J].俄罗斯东欧中亚市场,2012,(5)：1-14.
[24]李福川.俄罗斯反垄断政策[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2010.41-165.
[25]李钢,刘华芹.上海合作组织--加速推进的区域经济合作[M].北京：中国海关出版社,2004.55-211.
[26]李进峰,吴宏伟.2012上海合作组织发展报告[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012.37-149.
[27]李新.人民币国际化：上海合作组织的金融合作[J].学习与探索,2011,(1).
[28]李玉潭,陈志恒,殷立春.东北亚区域经济发展与合作机制创新研究[M].长春：吉林人民出版社,2006.65-189.
[29]陆南泉.中俄经贸关系现状与前景[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社,2012.55-78.
[30]陆燕.世界贸易增长减速下中国外贸发展的挑战[EB/OL].http://www.caitec.org.cn/c/cn/news/2012-10/08/news_3528.html.2012-10-08.
[31]柳丰华.俄罗斯与中亚--独联体次地区一体化研究[M].北京：经济管理出版社,2010.13-195.
[32]马兴超,米军.俄罗斯东部大开发战略提出的背景与推动因素[J].俄罗斯东欧中亚市场,2011,(3)：12-20.
[33]美日布局中亚地缘战略,英议员忧心上合组织影响[EB/OL].http://club.xilu.com/emas/msgview-821955-217795.html.
[34]米军.俄罗斯金融改革回顾与展望[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社,2012.12-211.
[35]米军.金融全球化与转轨国家金融自由化制度安排[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2012.36-122.
[36]潘光.上海合作组织与中国的海外能源发展战略[J].世界经济研究,2005,(7)：4-9.
[37]秦放鸣.中国与中亚国家区域经济合作研究[M].北京：科学出版社,2010.3-126.
[38]如何扩大上海合作组织国家的影响力[EB/OL].http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/eav092106.shtml.
[39]上海合作组织成立宣言[EB/OL].http://news.xinhuanet.com/ziliao/2002-06/04/content_423358.htm.2001-06-15.
[40]上合组织在叶卡捷琳堡共议信息高速公路项目实施情况[EB/OL].http://rusnews.cn/guojiyaowen/guoji_sco/20080924/42278372.html.2008-0 9-24.
[41]上海合作组织成员国农业高官会举行[EB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2007-11/28/content_819436.htm.2007-11-28.
[42]上海合作组织区域经济合作网.乌兹别克斯坦拟与哈萨克斯坦共建自由贸易区[EB/OL].http://www.crc.mofcom.gov.cn/crweb/scoc/info/Article. jsp?a_no= 139060&col no=48.
[43]上合组织交通运输合作潜力巨大[EB/OL].http://news.china.com.cn/rollnews/2012-06/06/content_14535798.htm.201 2-06-06.
[44]上海合作组织宪章[EB/OL].http://baike.baidu.com/view/69035.htm?subLemmaId=69035&fromenter= %A1%B6%C9%CF%BA%A3%BA%CF%D7%F7%D7%E9%D6%AF%CF%DC% D5%C2%A1%B7.
[45]沈铭辉.金砖国家合作机制探索[J].太平洋学报,2011,(10)：28-35.
[46]宋魁,宋晓松.俄罗斯投资环境分析[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧市场,2011,(8)：14-21.
[47]孙永祥.上海合作组织框架内的能源合作[J].国际展望,2011,(5)：109-125.
[48]佟家栋.国际经济学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2010.39-241.
[49]外商投资商业领域管理办法[EB/OL].http://www.law-lib.com/law/law_view.asp?id=82694.
[50]万勇.分工演进与贸易投资一体化[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2011.32-89.
[51]王新平,陈锐.中哈金融合作与制度安排--对中哈本币结算的探讨[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧市场,2008,(11)：25-31.
[52]王海运.关于上海合作组织能源合作的思考[J].西安交通大学学报,2010, (1)：54-56.
[53]王海燕.上海合作组织成员国能源合作--趋势与问题[J].俄罗斯研究,2010,(3).
[54]王海燕,等.贸易投资便利化中国与哈萨克斯坦[M].上海：华东师范大学出版社,2012.
[55]王曙光,金融发展理论[M].北京：中国发展出版社,2011.74-197.
[56]王洛林,张宇燕.2011年世界经济黄皮书[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2011.45-125.
[57]王志乐.跨国公司中国报告[M].北京：中国经济出版社,2012.96-210.
[58]王郦久.为何中俄贸易额远不如中国与韩国?[EB/OL].http://www.tianshannet.com.cn/finance/content/2011-06/27/content_59239 12 2.htm.2011-06-27.
[59]吴波,傅志明.中国吸引外资的政策选择和效果分析[J].经济问题探索,2009,(6)：68-71.
[60]乌兹别克斯坦市场和投资需求[EB/OL].http://finance.ifeng.com/roll/20111004/4743542.shtml.2011-10-04.
[61]威廉姆森,O.E.企业的性质：起源和演变[M].北京：商务印书馆,2007.
[62]许勤华.后金融危机时期上合组织框架内多边能源合作现状及前景[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧研究,2012,(4)：56-64.
[63]许涛.季志业.上海合作组织--新安全观与新机制[M].北京：时事出版社,2002.11.
[64]许涛.论新形势下的上海合作组织[J].现代国际关系,2002,(6)：6-13.
[65]许涛.论上海合作组织的机制化[J].现代国际关系,2003,(6)：7-13.
[66]肖德.上海合作组织区域经济合作问题研究[M].北京：人民出版社,2009.26-180.
[67]新疆与中亚国家贸易便利化发展探讨[EB/OL].http://www.xjjjb.com/html/news/detail.aspx?id=80058&page=3.
[68]须同凯.上海合作组织区域经济合作--发展历程与前景展望[M].北京：人民出版社,2010.110-219.
[69]杨莉.中国贸易便利化改革的成本与利益分析[M].北京：经济管理出版社,2011.165-196.
[70]协调推进利率、汇率改革和资本帐户开放[EB/OL].http://www.chngc.net/Main/D_Information/ShowDetail_11447.shtml.2012-05-22.
[71]渝新欧国际铁路大事记 [EB/OL].http://news.163.com/11/0801/03/7ABFM8U700014AED.html.2011-08-01.
[72]赵华胜.上海合作组织评析与展望[M].北京：时事出版社,2012.25-65.
[73]赵华胜.上海合作组织评估与发展问题[J].现代国际关系,2005,(5)：17-23.
[74]赵晋平.推动欧亚区域经济一体化的意义[EB/OL].http://finance.sina.com.cn/hy/20051110/14142109300.shtml.2005-11-10
[75]赵长庆.上海合作组织的经济职能[J].俄罗斯研究,2007,(5).
[76]张春嘉.上海合作组织内的农业合作应如何起步[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧市场,2005,(7)：13-17.
[77]赵儒煜,冯建超.东北亚交通物流合作框架研究[J].东北亚论坛,2007,(6)：31-35.
[78]张鲁彬.贸易便利化与海关现代化互动关系研究[J].国际经济合作,2007,(12)：27-29.
[79]张玉国.上海合作组织能源俱乐部建设问题与前景[J].俄罗斯研究,2007,(3)：59-65.
[80]张远军.中俄金融合作热点问题聚焦[M].中国金融出版社,2011.68-141.
[81]张晔,秦放鸣.上海合作组织自由贸易区实现路径探析[J].新疆大学学报,2009,(6)：95-98.
[82]张延萍.乌兹别克斯坦油气工业的现状与未来[J].国际石油经济,2010,(1)：52-56.
[83]郑其敏,占云生.关于加快人民币资本项目可兑换进程的探讨[J].中国证券期货,2010,(11)：34-35.
[84]郑雪平,米军.上海合作组织区域经济合作发展模式研究[J].江苏师范大学学报,2006,(2)：106-111.
[85]中国公路网.冯正霖率代表团出席上海合作组织成员国交通部长第五次会议[EB/OL].http://www.chnrailway.com/news/20091112/2009111292736265284.shtml.
[86]中国石油新闻中心.海外创业,合作共赢[EB/OL].http://news.cnpc.com.cn/system/2012/01/16/001361878.shtml.2012-01-06.
[87]中国新闻网.盘点上合北京峰会,谋划未来等三大亮点[EB/OL]. http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2012/06-08/3947535.shtml.2012-06-08.
[88]中国新闻网.中哈霍尔果斯国际边境合作中心正式封关运营[EB/OL]. http://www.chinanews.com/tp/2011/12-02/3505155.s-t-ml.2011-12-02.
[89]中俄投资合作说明[EB/OL].http://wenku.baidu.com/view/3666b11052d380eb62946d0a.html.
[90]中俄信息产业园成对俄出口贸易经济新增长点[N].黑龙江日报,2006-03-28.
[91仲俄拓展环境保护合作.环境保护与循环经济[J].2011,(8)：15.
[92]中哈俄公路2018年完工,打造连接欧亚的交通走廊[EB/OL].http://news.job2299.com/?article-tid-216659.2011-07-08.
[93]秦放鸣,毕燕茹.中国新疆与中亚国家区域交通运输合[J].新疆师范大学学报,2007,(12).
[94]中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局.马克思恩格斯全集(第25卷)[M].北京：人民出版社,1974.
[95]2012-2016年俄罗斯投资环境分析及前景预测报告[EB/OL].http://ocn.com.cn/services/buy.html?id=bd667367f07b7ea7.
[96]Arrow,K.J.General Competitive Analysis[M].North-Holland,1983.23-237.
[97]Bergsager, H. China, Russia and Central Asia:The Energy Dilemma[R]. FNI Report,2012.
[98]Business Benefits of Trade Facilitation[R]. OECD.2002.
[99]Coase,R.H.The Nature of the Firm[J].Economica,1937,16(4):386-405.
[100]Coase,R.H.The Problem of Social Cost[J].The Journal of Law and Economics,1960,10(3):1-146.
[101]Christina,L.China's Silk Road Strategy in AfPak[DB/OL].The Shanghai Cooperation Organization. www.ispsw.de.
[102]Does Gravity Model Work for the Selection Trade Partners Among SCO Members? The Case Study of Iran[J]. Journal of American Science,2012,8(10).
[103]Doing Business 2004-2009 Report[R].The World Bank Report.
[104]Doing Business 2010:Reforming through Difficult Times[R].The World Bank Report.
[105]Doing Business 2011:Making A Difference for Entrepreneurs[R].The World Bank Report.
[106]Doing Business 2012:Doing Business in A More Transparent World[R].The World Bank Report.
[107]Doing Business 2013:Smarter Regulations for Small and Medium-Size Enterprises[R]. The World Bank Report.
[108]Environment Cooperation in the Context of Green Growth:Quo Vadis, Eastern Europe, Caucasus, and Central Asia? [R]. Annual Meeting of the Task Force for the Implementation of the Environmental Action Programme.2009-10-15.
[109]Fao.Global Information and Early Warning System[M].Prince Bulletin,2010.
[110]Jinshan, L.China-Central Asia Power Cooperation Outlook[J].Electricity,2010, 21(3):21.
[111]Kazakhstan,Kyrgyz,R., Tajikistan.Central Asia Expanding Trade by Connecting with Markets [R].World Bank Report.2010-06-21. No.53556-ECA.
[112]Kim.S., Park.I, et al.Measuring the Impact of APEC Trade Facilitation:A Gravity Analysis. From APEC 2004:Trade Facilitation And Trade Liberalization, From Shanghai To Bogor[R].APEC 2004.Singapore.
[113]Peyrouse, S., Boonstra, J., Laruelle, M.Security and Development Approaches to Central Asia:The EU Compared to China and Russia[R].EUCAM Working Paper, 2012.
[114]"Qualitative Energy Diplomacy" in Central Asia:A comparative Analysis of the Policies of the United States, Russia, and China[R].The Brookings Institution Center for Northeast Asian Policy Studies,2011.
[115]Ricardo,D.On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge Press,1951.
[116]Swanstrom, N.China and Greater Central Asia:New Frontiers?[R].SILK ROAD PAPER.2011-11.
[117]The Global Enabling Trade Report 2012 [R].World Economic Forum.
[118]The Global Competitiveness Report 2010-2011[R].World Economic Forum.
[119]The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012[R].World Economic Forum.
[120]The Global Competitiveness Report 2012-2013[R].World Economic Forum.
[121]Vatansever, A.Russia's Oil Exports:Economic Rationale Versus Strategic Gains[J].Energy and Climate Program,2010,116 (12).
[122]World Economic Situation and Prospects 2012:Global Economic Outlook[R].The United Nations Report.
[123]Yalinkilicli, E.Turkish-Russian Energy Rapprochement:What it Means for Ukraine A Realistic Look from within Turkey [DB/OL], www. icps.com.ua.
② Kim.S., Park,I. et al.Measuring the Impact of APEC Trade Facilitation:A Gravity Analysis From APEC 2004:Trade Facilitation And Trade Liberalization,From Shanghai To Bogor[R].APEC 2004,Singapore.
①陆燕.世界贸易增长减速下中国外贸发展的挑战[EB/OL].http://www.caitec.org.cn/c/cn/news/2012-10/08/news_3528.html.
②余波.现代国际物流发展对海关监管的挑战与应对[J].求索,2007,(2).
③向君.我国通关监管现代化与贸易便利化[J].兰州商学院学报,2007,(1).
④张鲁彬.贸易便利化与海关现代化互动关系研究[J].国际经济合作,2007,(12)：27-29.
⑤柴瑜.金砖国家贸易便利化问题研究[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社,2010.120.
⑥王海燕,等.贸易投资便利化——中国与哈萨克斯坦[M].上海：华东师范大学出版社,2012.
⑦韩立华.上海合作组织框架下多边能源合作的条件与前景[J].国际石油经济,2006,(6)；陈小沁.上海合作组织能源一体化前景探析[J].国际经济合作,2008,(10).
①王海运.关于上海合作组织能源合作的思考[J].西安交通大学学报,2010,(1).
②张玉国.上海合作组织能源俱乐部建设问题与前景[J].俄罗斯研究,2007,(3).
③潘光.上海合作组织与中国的海外能源发展战略[J].世界经济研究,2005,(7)；李葆珍.上海合作组织的能源合作与中国的能源安全[J].郑州大学学报,2010,(7).
④耿晔强,马志敏.基于博弈视角下的中国与上海合作组织成员国能源合作分析[J].世界经济研究,2011,(1).
⑤李钢.上海合作组织--加速推进的区域经济合作[M].北京：中国海关出版社,2004.
①王海燕,等.贸易投资便利化--中国与哈萨克斯坦[M].上海：华东师范大学出版社,2012.
②葛炬,李莉,李惠清,等.新疆贸易便利化和物流发展研究项目[R].2006-04.
①秦放鸣.中国与中亚国家区域经济合作研究[M].北京：科学出版社,2010(3).
① Coase, R.H.The Nature of the Firm[J].Economica,1937,16(4):386-405.
② Coase, R.H.The Problem of Social Cost[J].The Journal of Law and Economics,1960,10(3):1-146.
③威廉姆森,O.E.企业的性质：起源和演变[M].北京：商务印书馆,2007.
④ Arrow, K.J.General Competitive Analysis[M].North-Holland,1983.23-237.
①中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局.马克思恩格斯全集(第25卷)[M].北京：人民出版社,1974.
② Ricardo, D.On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation[M].Cambridge:Cambridge Press, 1951.
③http://www.tianshannet.com.cn/finance/content/2011-06/27/content_5923912_2.htm.
①许勤华.后金融危机时期上合组织框架内多边能源合作现状及前景[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧研究,2012,(4)：58.
① http://club.xilu.com/emas/msgview-821955-217795.html.
②中国新闻网.盘点上合北京峰会,谋划未来等三大亮点[DB/OL].http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2012/06-08/3947535.shtml.
①李进峰,吴宏伟.2012上海合作组织发展报告[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012.
②中国新闻网.盘点上合北京峰会,谋划未来等三大亮点[DB/OL].http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2012/06-08/3947535.shtml.
②王新平,陈锐.中哈金融合作与制度安排——对中哈本币结算的探讨[J].俄罗斯中亚东市场,2008,(11).
③张远军.中俄金融合作热点问题聚焦[M].北京：中国金融出版社,2011.61.
①柴瑜.金砖国家贸易便利化：发展与合作[J].中国金融,2011,(5)：25.
②李进峰,吴宏伟.上海合作组织发展报告(2012)[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012.122.
①李进峰,吴宏伟.上海合作组织发展报告(2012)[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012.120.
①柴瑜.金砖国家贸易贸易便利化：发展与合作[J].中国金融,2011,(5)：25.
①张远军.中俄金融合作热点问题聚焦[M].北京：中国金融出版社,2011.41-52.
①柴瑜.金砖国家贸易贸易便利化：发展与合作[J].中国金融,2011,(5)：25.
①杨莉.中国贸易便利化改革的成本与利益分析[M].北京：经济管理出版社,2011.
①李进峰,吴宏伟2012上海合作组织发展报告[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012.
①李福川.俄罗斯外资环境分析[J].俄罗斯东欧中亚市场,2012,(5)：14.
①宋魁,等.俄罗斯投资环境分析[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧市场,2011,(8)：15.
①秦放鸣.中国与中亚国家区域经济合作发展与评价[M].北京：科学出版社,2010.51.
①吴波,傅志明.我国吸引外资的政策选择和效果分析[J].经济问题探索,2009,(6).
①孙永祥.上海合作组织框架内的能源合作[J].国际展望,2011,(5)：108.
①孙永祥.上海合作组织框架内的能源合作[J].国际展望,2011,(5)：112.
①许勤华.后金融危机时期上合组织框架内多边能源合作现状及前景[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧研究,2012,(4)：58.
①须同凯.上海合作组织区域经济合作——发展历程与前景展望[M].北京：人民出版社,2010.199.
①李进峰,吴宏伟.2012上海合作组织发展报告[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012.
①江宏伟.非传统安全视野下的中俄农业合作研究[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧研究,2010,(8).
②李进峰,吴宏伟.2012上海合作组织发展报告[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012.
②张海森.中国与澳大利亚建立自由贸易区研究[M].北京：对外经济贸易大学出版社,2007.19。
①郑其敏,占云生.关于加快人民币资本项目可兑换进程的探讨[J].中国证券期货,2010(11).
①李新.人民币国际化：上海合作组织的金融合作[J].学习与探索,2011,(1).
[1]毕燕茹.中国与中亚国家的产业合作研究[D].新疆：新疆大学博士学位论文,2010.37-186.
[2]崔颖.上海合作组织区域经济合作--共同发展的新实践[M].北京：经济科学出版社,2007.126-214.
[3]陈小沁.上海合作组织能源一体化前景探析[J].国际经济合作,2008,(10)：50-54.
[4]柴瑜.金砖国家贸易贸易便利化：发展与合作[J].中国金融,2011,(5)：24-26.
[5]柴瑜.金砖国家贸易便利化问题研究[M].第4版.北京：中国社会科学出版社,2010.5-46.
[6]狄湛,任飞.上海合作组织区域经济一体化初探[J].俄罗斯中东欧市场,2005,(1)：35-39.
[7]杜燕飞.欧亚四国发起《西安倡议》拟加快启动上合组织能源俱乐部[EB/OL].http://www.cnstock.com/index/gdxw/201109/1565925.htm.2011-09-25.
[8]俄新网,莫斯科2011年1月13日电[EB/OL].http://rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/.
[9]俄罗斯正式加入WTO中国企业迎来赴俄投资新机遇[EB/OL].http://money.163.com/12/0827/23/89UUJJ1G00252G50.html.2012-08-27.
[10]耿晔强,马志敏.基于博弈视角下的中国与上海合作组织成员国能源合作分析[J].世界经济研究,2011,(1)：16-21.
[11]葛炬、李莉、李惠清,等.新疆贸易便利化和物流发展研究项目[M].2006.3-25.
[12]郭飞,等.贸易自由化与投资自由化互动关系研究[M].北京：人民出版社,2006.75-156.
[13]郭晓琼.世界经济危机深化背景下的上海合作组织[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧研究,2012,(5)：59-63.
[14]哈萨克斯坦贸易壁垒[EB/OL].http://www.nbfet.gov.cn/zhuanti/index.php/zhuant/jwtzview/id/2713/sub/1.
[15]哈萨克斯坦投资环境略析[EB/OL].http://www.studa.net/guojimaoyi/090112/11122326.html.2009-01-12.
[16]哈萨克斯坦贸易壁垒分析[EB/OL].http://www.nbfet.gov.cn/1.
[17]何明珂.贸易便利化与过境运输[M].北京：知识产权出版社,2008.56-231.
[18]韩立华.上海合作组织框架下多边能源合作的条件与前景[J].国际石油经济,2006,(6)：3-6.
[19]韩立华.上海合作组织框架下多边能源合作的条件与前景_[EB/OL].http://www.cssn.cn/news/409901.htm.2011-03-17.
[20]韩玉军.国际经济学[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2010.5-146.
[21]江宏伟.非传统安全视野下的中俄农业合作研究[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧研究,2010,(8)：36-45.
[22]李葆珍.上海合作组织的能源合作与中国的能源安全[J].郑州大学学报,2010,(7)：110-114.
[23]李福川.俄罗斯外资环境分析[J].俄罗斯东欧中亚市场,2012,(5)：1-14.
[24]李福川.俄罗斯反垄断政策[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2010.41-165.
[25]李钢,刘华芹.上海合作组织--加速推进的区域经济合作[M].北京：中国海关出版社,2004.55-211.
[26]李进峰,吴宏伟.2012上海合作组织发展报告[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012.37-149.
[27]李新.人民币国际化：上海合作组织的金融合作[J].学习与探索,2011,(1).
[28]李玉潭,陈志恒,殷立春.东北亚区域经济发展与合作机制创新研究[M].长春：吉林人民出版社,2006.65-189.
[29]陆南泉.中俄经贸关系现状与前景[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社,2012.55-78.
[30]陆燕.世界贸易增长减速下中国外贸发展的挑战[EB/OL].http://www.caitec.org.cn/c/cn/news/2012-10/08/news_3528.html.2012-10-08.
[31]柳丰华.俄罗斯与中亚--独联体次地区一体化研究[M].北京：经济管理出版社,2010.13-195.
[32]马兴超,米军.俄罗斯东部大开发战略提出的背景与推动因素[J].俄罗斯东欧中亚市场,2011,(3)：12-20.
[33]美日布局中亚地缘战略,英议员忧心上合组织影响[EB/OL].http://club.xilu.com/emas/msgview-821955-217795.html.
[34]米军.俄罗斯金融改革回顾与展望[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社,2012.12-211.
[35]米军.金融全球化与转轨国家金融自由化制度安排[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2012.36-122.
[36]潘光.上海合作组织与中国的海外能源发展战略[J].世界经济研究,2005,(7)：4-9.
[37]秦放鸣.中国与中亚国家区域经济合作研究[M].北京：科学出版社,2010.3-126.
[38]如何扩大上海合作组织国家的影响力[EB/OL].http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/eav092106.shtml.
[39]上海合作组织成立宣言[EB/OL].http://news.xinhuanet.com/ziliao/2002-06/04/content_423358.htm.2001-06-15.
[40]上合组织在叶卡捷琳堡共议信息高速公路项目实施情况[EB/OL].http://rusnews.cn/guojiyaowen/guoji_sco/20080924/42278372.html.2008-0 9-24.
[41]上海合作组织成员国农业高官会举行[EB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2007-11/28/content_819436.htm.2007-11-28.
[42]上海合作组织区域经济合作网.乌兹别克斯坦拟与哈萨克斯坦共建自由贸易区[EB/OL].http://www.crc.mofcom.gov.cn/crweb/scoc/info/Article. jsp?a_no= 139060&col no=48.
[43]上合组织交通运输合作潜力巨大[EB/OL].http://news.china.com.cn/rollnews/2012-06/06/content_14535798.htm.201 2-06-06.
[44]上海合作组织宪章[EB/OL].http://baike.baidu.com/view/69035.htm?subLemmaId=69035&fromenter= %A1%B6%C9%CF%BA%A3%BA%CF%D7%F7%D7%E9%D6%AF%CF%DC% D5%C2%A1%B7.
[45]沈铭辉.金砖国家合作机制探索[J].太平洋学报,2011,(10)：28-35.
[46]宋魁,宋晓松.俄罗斯投资环境分析[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧市场,2011,(8)：14-21.
[47]孙永祥.上海合作组织框架内的能源合作[J].国际展望,2011,(5)：109-125.
[48]佟家栋.国际经济学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2010.39-241.
[49]外商投资商业领域管理办法[EB/OL].http://www.law-lib.com/law/law_view.asp?id=82694.
[50]万勇.分工演进与贸易投资一体化[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2011.32-89.
[51]王新平,陈锐.中哈金融合作与制度安排--对中哈本币结算的探讨[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧市场,2008,(11)：25-31.
[52]王海运.关于上海合作组织能源合作的思考[J].西安交通大学学报,2010, (1)：54-56.
[53]王海燕.上海合作组织成员国能源合作--趋势与问题[J].俄罗斯研究,2010,(3).
[54]王海燕,等.贸易投资便利化中国与哈萨克斯坦[M].上海：华东师范大学出版社,2012.
[55]王曙光,金融发展理论[M].北京：中国发展出版社,2011.74-197.
[56]王洛林,张宇燕.2011年世界经济黄皮书[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2011.45-125.
[57]王志乐.跨国公司中国报告[M].北京：中国经济出版社,2012.96-210.
[58]王郦久.为何中俄贸易额远不如中国与韩国?[EB/OL].http://www.tianshannet.com.cn/finance/content/2011-06/27/content_59239 12 2.htm.2011-06-27.
[59]吴波,傅志明.中国吸引外资的政策选择和效果分析[J].经济问题探索,2009,(6)：68-71.
[60]乌兹别克斯坦市场和投资需求[EB/OL].http://finance.ifeng.com/roll/20111004/4743542.shtml.2011-10-04.
[61]威廉姆森,O.E.企业的性质：起源和演变[M].北京：商务印书馆,2007.
[62]许勤华.后金融危机时期上合组织框架内多边能源合作现状及前景[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧研究,2012,(4)：56-64.
[63]许涛.季志业.上海合作组织--新安全观与新机制[M].北京：时事出版社,2002.11.
[64]许涛.论新形势下的上海合作组织[J].现代国际关系,2002,(6)：6-13.
[65]许涛.论上海合作组织的机制化[J].现代国际关系,2003,(6)：7-13.
[66]肖德.上海合作组织区域经济合作问题研究[M].北京：人民出版社,2009.26-180.
[67]新疆与中亚国家贸易便利化发展探讨[EB/OL].http://www.xjjjb.com/html/news/detail.aspx?id=80058&page=3.
[68]须同凯.上海合作组织区域经济合作--发展历程与前景展望[M].北京：人民出版社,2010.110-219.
[69]杨莉.中国贸易便利化改革的成本与利益分析[M].北京：经济管理出版社,2011.165-196.
[70]协调推进利率、汇率改革和资本帐户开放[EB/OL].http://www.chngc.net/Main/D_Information/ShowDetail_11447.shtml.2012-05-22.
[71]渝新欧国际铁路大事记 [EB/OL].http://news.163.com/11/0801/03/7ABFM8U700014AED.html.2011-08-01.
[72]赵华胜.上海合作组织评析与展望[M].北京：时事出版社,2012.25-65.
[73]赵华胜.上海合作组织评估与发展问题[J].现代国际关系,2005,(5)：17-23.
[74]赵晋平.推动欧亚区域经济一体化的意义[EB/OL].http://finance.sina.com.cn/hy/20051110/14142109300.shtml.2005-11-10
[75]赵长庆.上海合作组织的经济职能[J].俄罗斯研究,2007,(5).
[76]张春嘉.上海合作组织内的农业合作应如何起步[J].俄罗斯中亚东欧市场,2005,(7)：13-17.
[77]赵儒煜,冯建超.东北亚交通物流合作框架研究[J].东北亚论坛,2007,(6)：31-35.
[78]张鲁彬.贸易便利化与海关现代化互动关系研究[J].国际经济合作,2007,(12)：27-29.
[79]张玉国.上海合作组织能源俱乐部建设问题与前景[J].俄罗斯研究,2007,(3)：59-65.
[80]张远军.中俄金融合作热点问题聚焦[M].中国金融出版社,2011.68-141.
[81]张晔,秦放鸣.上海合作组织自由贸易区实现路径探析[J].新疆大学学报,2009,(6)：95-98.
[82]张延萍.乌兹别克斯坦油气工业的现状与未来[J].国际石油经济,2010,(1)：52-56.
[83]郑其敏,占云生.关于加快人民币资本项目可兑换进程的探讨[J].中国证券期货,2010,(11)：34-35.
[84]郑雪平,米军.上海合作组织区域经济合作发展模式研究[J].江苏师范大学学报,2006,(2)：106-111.
[85]中国公路网.冯正霖率代表团出席上海合作组织成员国交通部长第五次会议[EB/OL].http://www.chnrailway.com/news/20091112/2009111292736265284.shtml.
[86]中国石油新闻中心.海外创业,合作共赢[EB/OL].http://news.cnpc.com.cn/system/2012/01/16/001361878.shtml.2012-01-06.
[87]中国新闻网.盘点上合北京峰会,谋划未来等三大亮点[EB/OL]. http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2012/06-08/3947535.shtml.2012-06-08.
[88]中国新闻网.中哈霍尔果斯国际边境合作中心正式封关运营[EB/OL]. http://www.chinanews.com/tp/2011/12-02/3505155.s-t-ml.2011-12-02.
[89]中俄投资合作说明[EB/OL].http://wenku.baidu.com/view/3666b11052d380eb62946d0a.html.
[90]中俄信息产业园成对俄出口贸易经济新增长点[N].黑龙江日报,2006-03-28.
[91仲俄拓展环境保护合作.环境保护与循环经济[J].2011,(8)：15.
[92]中哈俄公路2018年完工,打造连接欧亚的交通走廊[EB/OL].http://news.job2299.com/?article-tid-216659.2011-07-08.
[93]秦放鸣,毕燕茹.中国新疆与中亚国家区域交通运输合[J].新疆师范大学学报,2007,(12).
[94]中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局.马克思恩格斯全集(第25卷)[M].北京：人民出版社,1974.
[95]2012-2016年俄罗斯投资环境分析及前景预测报告[EB/OL].http://ocn.com.cn/services/buy.html?id=bd667367f07b7ea7.
[96]Arrow,K.J.General Competitive Analysis[M].North-Holland,1983.23-237.
[97]Bergsager, H. China, Russia and Central Asia:The Energy Dilemma[R]. FNI Report,2012.
[98]Business Benefits of Trade Facilitation[R]. OECD.2002.
[99]Coase,R.H.The Nature of the Firm[J].Economica,1937,16(4):386-405.
[100]Coase,R.H.The Problem of Social Cost[J].The Journal of Law and Economics,1960,10(3):1-146.
[101]Christina,L.China's Silk Road Strategy in AfPak[DB/OL].The Shanghai Cooperation Organization. www.ispsw.de.
[102]Does Gravity Model Work for the Selection Trade Partners Among SCO Members? The Case Study of Iran[J]. Journal of American Science,2012,8(10).
[103]Doing Business 2004-2009 Report[R].The World Bank Report.
[104]Doing Business 2010:Reforming through Difficult Times[R].The World Bank Report.
[105]Doing Business 2011:Making A Difference for Entrepreneurs[R].The World Bank Report.
[106]Doing Business 2012:Doing Business in A More Transparent World[R].The World Bank Report.
[107]Doing Business 2013:Smarter Regulations for Small and Medium-Size Enterprises[R]. The World Bank Report.
[108]Environment Cooperation in the Context of Green Growth:Quo Vadis, Eastern Europe, Caucasus, and Central Asia? [R]. Annual Meeting of the Task Force for the Implementation of the Environmental Action Programme.2009-10-15.
[109]Fao.Global Information and Early Warning System[M].Prince Bulletin,2010.
[110]Jinshan, L.China-Central Asia Power Cooperation Outlook[J].Electricity,2010, 21(3):21.
[111]Kazakhstan,Kyrgyz,R., Tajikistan.Central Asia Expanding Trade by Connecting with Markets [R].World Bank Report.2010-06-21. No.53556-ECA.
[112]Kim.S., Park.I, et al.Measuring the Impact of APEC Trade Facilitation:A Gravity Analysis. From APEC 2004:Trade Facilitation And Trade Liberalization, From Shanghai To Bogor[R].APEC 2004.Singapore.
[113]Peyrouse, S., Boonstra, J., Laruelle, M.Security and Development Approaches to Central Asia:The EU Compared to China and Russia[R].EUCAM Working Paper, 2012.
[114]"Qualitative Energy Diplomacy" in Central Asia:A comparative Analysis of the Policies of the United States, Russia, and China[R].The Brookings Institution Center for Northeast Asian Policy Studies,2011.
[115]Ricardo,D.On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge Press,1951.
[116]Swanstrom, N.China and Greater Central Asia:New Frontiers?[R].SILK ROAD PAPER.2011-11.
[117]The Global Enabling Trade Report 2012 [R].World Economic Forum.
[118]The Global Competitiveness Report 2010-2011[R].World Economic Forum.
[119]The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012[R].World Economic Forum.
[120]The Global Competitiveness Report 2012-2013[R].World Economic Forum.
[121]Vatansever, A.Russia's Oil Exports:Economic Rationale Versus Strategic Gains[J].Energy and Climate Program,2010,116 (12).
[122]World Economic Situation and Prospects 2012:Global Economic Outlook[R].The United Nations Report.
[123]Yalinkilicli, E.Turkish-Russian Energy Rapprochement:What it Means for Ukraine A Realistic Look from within Turkey [DB/OL], www. icps.com.ua.