农药污染场地中有机氯化合物的分布及其修复研究
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摘要
本文以有着30多年生产历史的某农药企业搬迁遗留场地土壤中污染物质HCHs和DDTs为研究对象,对场地各功能区表层和垂向土壤及相应土壤有机-矿质复合体组分中污染物质的分布情况开展了系统的研究。并采用地统计学方法对场地土壤的污染水平进行了空间分析。通过土壤中污染物质含量与土壤理化性质参数间的相关性分析及各种现代仪器分析手段,探讨了HCHs和DDTs在场地土壤中的分布、迁移和降解规律。针对场地中已受到有机氯农药严重污染的土壤,开展了零价铁化学还原降解实验,对可能影响降解速率的实验因素进行了分析探讨。并建立了污染物质的降解速率与分子结构的多参数线性自由能关系(LFER)模型,从分子水平上讨论了在多种污染物共存体系中污染物质降解速率的主要影响因素和竞争还原机制。对于土壤中大量存在的已受到不同程度农药污染的多孔粘土砖废弃物,开展了高温热脱附实验,定量分析和探讨了砖体材料中有机氯化合物的热脱附动力学规律。对农药污染场地中特征污染物分布和可修复性的研究工作将为场地的环境风险管理和大规模土壤修复提供一定的理论和实验基础。
This paper pay more attention to HCHs and DDTs in soils of a former pesticide site having more than 30 years production history. The distribution of pollutants in the surface and subsurface soils within different functional areas and organo-mineral aggregates was systematically studied. The spatial variability of pollutants was analyzed by geostatistics method. The distribution, migration and degradation rules of HCHs and DDTs were obtained through the correlation analysis between the contents of pollutants and the physicochemical properties of soils, and by using various modern instruments. For repairing the soils seriously polluted by organochlorine pesticides(OCPs), the study carried out the zero-valent degradation experiments and analyzed the experimental factors affecting the degradation rate, and established the multiparameter linear free energy relationship (LFER) model for the degradation rate of pollutants and molecular structure to discuss the key factors influencing the degradation rate and the mechanism in the competitive system. The high-temperature thermal desorption experiments were applied to degrade the pollutants in the porous clay bricks having been contaminated by pesticides differently, and the kinetic rules of pollutants degradation were quantitatively analyzed. The purpose of this study was that the results of the distribution of pollutants and remediation could provide a theoretical and experimental foundation for environmental risk management and large-scale soil remediation.
This paper pay more attention to HCHs and DDTs in soils of a former pesticide site having more than 30 years production history. The distribution of pollutants in the surface and subsurface soils within different functional areas and organo-mineral aggregates was systematically studied. The spatial variability of pollutants was analyzed by geostatistics method. The distribution, migration and degradation rules of HCHs and DDTs were obtained through the correlation analysis between the contents of pollutants and the physicochemical properties of soils, and by using various modern instruments. For repairing the soils seriously polluted by organochlorine pesticides(OCPs), the study carried out the zero-valent degradation experiments and analyzed the experimental factors affecting the degradation rate, and established the multiparameter linear free energy relationship (LFER) model for the degradation rate of pollutants and molecular structure to discuss the key factors influencing the degradation rate and the mechanism in the competitive system. The high-temperature thermal desorption experiments were applied to degrade the pollutants in the porous clay bricks having been contaminated by pesticides differently, and the kinetic rules of pollutants degradation were quantitatively analyzed. The purpose of this study was that the results of the distribution of pollutants and remediation could provide a theoretical and experimental foundation for environmental risk management and large-scale soil remediation.
引文
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