沌口污水处理厂水质水量调查与预测
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
目前我国水资源的短缺和水污染的加重,使人们警觉到水环境污染已直接关系到人民的健康安全和社会、经济的可持续发展。国内外的实践证明,污水处理厂是解决城镇水污染的有效途径。但由于许多原因,特别是资金的短缺使得城市污水处理厂的建设缓慢。同时我国拟建和已建的城市污水处理厂中,还存在很多问题。其中城市污水处理厂的设计水质、水量常与实际差别很大是最主要的一个。现已建成的许多南方城市污水处理厂多年来进水的水质和水量远小于设计值,未能充分发挥其效益。
     为了保证沌口污水处理厂将来的有效、经济运行,本课题对其进水水质、水量进行了调查和预测。通过调查本地区的水污染情况,评价出了开发区内的主要污染源和污染物。在一年水质和水量监测的基础上,分析了该区的水质、水量的现状和变化原因,其中特别考虑了泵站的运行和雨天对该区水质、水量的影响。考虑化粪池、地下水和完善度等方面,比较了调查结果和实测值间的差异。
     综合各项影响因素,对开发区2020年的水质和水量进行了预测。结果表明水量变化数倍,水质变化较小。这主要是人口的急剧增长导致的。在未来20年中生活污水的比重越来越大,而工业废水的比重越来越小,污水处理厂的进水将主要体现生活污水的特征。
     最后对开发区的水污染治理提出了一些建议。将污水泵站纳入污水处理厂的管理之中;普查雨污水管网,减少连通现象;选择适当的截流倍数截流初期雨水;将晨鸣纸业的部分工业废水纳入城市污水管道系统,提高沌口污水处理厂工业废水与生活污水的比重。
With the shortage of water and the seriousness of water pollution, it is aware that water pollution has affected the people's health security and sustainable development in society and economic. Practices in domestic and overseas prove that WPT is an effective approach to solve the water pollution in urban and town. But because of many difficulties, especially the shortage of fund, the WTPs develope slowly. Meanwhile, there are many problems in the built WTPs. One of them is the wastewater quantity and quality in the design stage. Always the concentration and quantity of the inlet waste water which loads the WTP in South China is much lower than the level in the design stage, which causes the low efficiency in WTP.
    In order to operate economically and effectively, the wastewater quantity and quality of ZhuanKou WTP is investigated and predicted. On the basis of the investigation to WuHan Economic Development Zone's water pollution, the main pollution resources and matters arc evaluated out. By the monitoring of the waste water for one year, the present level of wastewater quantity and quality and reasons are analysed, especially about pumping stations and rain. Considering septic tanks, ground water and the competence degree, the conclusion differences between the investigation and the monitoring are compared.
    Considering several factors, the wastewater quantity and quality in 2020 is predicted. The results show that the quantity ranges much, the quality little. This is caused mainly by the sharp population increase. In the future the rate of domestic sewage will get larger and larger, the rate of industrial waste water will get smaller and smaller. The domestic sewage will absolutely dominate in ZhuanKou WTP in 2020.
    At last some suggestions are made. The pumping stations should be in the charge of ZhuanKou WTP; checking drainage system to avoid the disconnection between sewerage and storm system; taking the proper interception rate to treat initial rainfall; receiving part of ChengMing Paper Plant's waste water to increase the rate between industry and domestic sewage in ZhuanKou WTP.
引文
[1] 文一波.城市污水厂建设和运营费用的探讨.中国给水排水,1999,15(8),17-19
    [2] 郭焕庭.国外流域水污染治理经验及对我们的启示.环境保护,2001(8),39-40
    [3] 冯生华.浅谈建设污水处理厂的五大问题.天津建设科技,2002,1,7-9
    [4] 沈光范.关于城市污水处理厂设计的若干问题.中国给水排水,2000,16(3),20-23
    [5] 许劲.关于城市污水处理厂设计的若干问题讨论.给水排水,2001,27(7),17-18
    [6] 邵林广.南方城市污水处理工艺的选择.给水排水,2000,26(6),32-34
    [7] 杭世珺.污水处理工程设计的基本条件和工艺选择.中国建设报中国水业,23
    [8] 绍林广.南方城市污水处理厂实际运行水质远小于设计值的原因及对策.给水排水,1999,25(2),11-13
    [9] 郑海良,王树成.中国水务市场的现状和发展趋势.中国给水排水,2002,18(1),26-29
    [10] ZAHERE Iqbal, CUI, Gangbai. Itergrated Approach Towards Water Pollution Conrtoll. JOURNAL OF LAKE SCIENCE, 2002,14(2)
    [11] Kasabov, N, Hirota, K. Special issue on advanced neuro-fuzzy techniques and their applications:introduction. Information Sciences, 1997, 101(34)., 153~154
    [12] M.H.N. Tabrizi, L. Copperthwaite, S.A. Billings. INFLUENT FLOW MODELLING USING IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUES. International Journal of Modelling & Simulation, 2001, 21(1), 1-9
    [13] R.H.Gough. Prediction Of Effluent Biochemical Oxygen Demandin a Diary Plant SbrWasterwater System. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, 2000,35A(2), 169-175
    [14] Stefanis, Stavros K, Pistikopoulos, Efstratios N. Methodology for environmental risk assessment of industrial nonroutine releases. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 1997, 36(9), 3694-3707
    [15] 张雅君,刘全胜.需水量预测方法的评析与择优.中国给水排水,2001,17(7),27-29
    [16] 徐洪福,袁一星,兰宏娟.周期性指数平滑法预测日用水量.管道更新改造研讨会,2000
    [17] 薛联青,汪家权,崔广柏.区域经济、人口、排污量系统综合预测模型研究.西北水资源与水工程,2000,11(3),22-25
    [18] 刘海洋,戴志军.广州市污水排放分析及预测.重庆环境科学,2002,24(1),62-63
    [19] 向跃霖.GSM(1)灰色模型在机械废水排放量预测中的应用.云南环境科
    
    学,1997,16(2),10-12
    [20] 马文敏,唐莲.灰色系统理论在城市需水量预测中的应用.西北水资源与水工程,2001,12(1),14-16
    [21] 张铁军.灰色理论在水污染总量控制规划中的应用.煤矿环境保护,1995,9(6),52-54
    [22] 蒋洪江,傅国伟.需水量的灰色预测.中国环境科学,1990,10(5),339-342
    [23] 刘洪波,张宏伟,田林.人工神经网络法预测时用水量.中国给水排水,2002,18(12),39-41
    [24] 龙腾锐,冯裕钊,郭劲松.考虑不确定因素的污水处理厂日进水量预测法.中国给水排水,2001,17(5),1-5
    [25] 单金林,戴雄奇,李江涛.利用BP网络建立预测城市用水量模型.中国给水排水2001,17(8),61-64
    [26] 高更超,崔玉川.城市未来需水量预测方法研究.中国土木工程学会水工业分会给水委员会第八次年会,2001
    [27]. O. S. Abu-Rizaiza. Jeddah City with and without Sewerage: Cost Comparison. Journal of water resources planning and management., 2000, 126(5), 304-309
    [28] Dorussen, Harry L; Wassenberg, Wilfried B.A.. Feasibility of treatment of low polluted waste water in municipal waste water treatment plants. Water Science and Technology, 1997, 3(10), 73-78
    [29] Gupta, Akhilendra B.; Jain, Renu; Gupta, Kapil. Water quality management for the Talkatora Lake, Jaipur-a case study. Water Science and Technology, 1999, 40(2), 29-3
    [30] Richard Ashley and Peter Hopkinson. Sewer systems and performance indicators-into the 21st century. Urban Water,2002,4(2), 123~135
    [31] Erik Gawel; Enforcement of environmental charges, some economic aspects and evidence from the German Waste Water Charge. european environment, 2001.11(5), 225-238
    [32] 羊寿生,张辰.城市污水处理厂设计中热点问题剖析.给水排水,1999,25(9),1-3
    [33] 刘晨,伍丽萍.珠江流域入河排污口调查与评价.人民珠江,1996,2(1),49-51
    [34] 瞿贵仙.长江武汉江段排污口调查.人民长江,1997,28(S),29-31
    [35] 程晓如.武汉东湖西南区外源污染调查与评价.环境科学与技术,2001,4,40-42
    [36] 庄一庭.工业污染源评价方法研究.甘肃环境研究与监测,1998,11(3),21-24
    [37] 汪家权,薛联青.改进层次分析法评价区域工业污染源.中国环境科学,1999,
    
    19(3),230-233
    [38] 孟宪林.层次分析法在环境质量评价中的不足与改进.四川环境,2001,20(1),50-55
    [39] 张从.环境评价教程.中国环境科学出版社,2002,第一版,24-26
    [40] 肖锦.城市污水处理及回用技术,化学工业出版社,2002,第一版,10-13
    [41] 王敬东,余文礼.城市截流式管道系统截流倍数剖析.沈阳建筑工程学院学报 1995,11(1),20-24
    [42] 王文远.污水截流工程中截流倍数选择的研究.给水排水,1997,23(10),24-26
    [43] 李树平.浅议城市排水体制中的几个问题.中国市政工程,2002,8,53-55
    [44] Welker, A.; Leinweber, U.; Klepiszewski, K.; Schmitt, T. G.. effects of integrated stormwater management strategies on the combined sewer system and the wastewater treatment plant-river system. Water Science and Technology, 1999, 39(2), 151-157
    [45] Friedler, Eran; Butler, David. Quantifying the inherent uncertainty in the quantity and quality of domestic wastewater. Water Science and Technology, 1996, 33(2),. 65-78
    [46] Jepsen, Svend-Erik; Krause, Michael; Griittner, Henrik. Reduction of fecal streptococcus and salmonella by selected treatment methods for sludge and organic waste. Water Science and Technology, 1997, 36(11), 203-210
    [47] Al-Kharabsheh, Atef; Ta'any, Rakad. Influence of urbanization on water quality deterioration during drought periods at South Jordan. Journal of Arid Environments, 2003,53(4), 619-630
    [48] 吴兆申,皇甫佳群,金家明.城市给水排水工程规划水量规模的确定.给水排水,2003,29(4),29-31
    [49] 新亮,叶金.齐齐哈尔市应广泛使用化粪池.黑龙江环境通报,1997,12(1),60-61
    [50] 田赛男,刘朴.开发区污水规划若干问题探讨.给水排水,1997,23(9),24-26
    [51] 黄方,周增炎.利用污水管道处理生活污水实验研究.四川环境,1995,14(1),19-22
    [52] 黄方.管道生物好氧反应器模型动力学研究.四川环境,1996,15(3),9-12
    [53] 刘遂庆.城市用水量调查和规划设计标准商榷.管道漏损控制研讨会论文集,2001
    [54] Malcolm Newson, Land and Development. Sustainable Management of RiverBasin Systems. Routledge Press, London, 1997, Second Edition
    [55] 王阿华.区域供水规划中用水量指标取值探讨.中国土木工程学会水工业分会给水委员会第八次年会,2003
    
    
    [56] 才智龙.浅谈工程规划中给排水指标对开发区基建的作用及影响.给水排水,2000,26(12),36-38
    [57] 戚盛豪,洪嘉年,许友贵.城市生活用水定额的研究.给水排水,1996,22(7),8-12
    [58] 中国环境规划院.南水北调东线工程治污规划简介.中国水利,2003,1
    [59] 董景春.城市污水测算统计方法.环境科学与技术,2003,26(3),30-31
    [60] 李荣刚.江苏太湖地区污染物及其祥水体的排放量.湖泊科学,2000,12(2),147-152
    [61] 陶文达.发展经济学.四川人民出版社,1992,第一版
    [62] 刘俊良.城市节制用水规划原理与技术.化学工业出版社,2003,第一版
    [63] 日本下水道维护管理协会.下水道维护与管理手册(日)[M].日本,1997.
    [64] 李田,张善发,时珍宝.上海市排水管道的地下水渗入量测评 中国给水排水,2003,19(7),12-15
    [65] 王梦江.上海市城市排水系统地下水渗入量现状及对策.上海水务,2003,19(3),15-18
    [66] 李田,张善发,时珍宝.上海市排水小区的地下水渗入量研究.给水排水,2004,30(1),29-32
    [67] 陈欣燕.广州城区取消化粪池的可行性探讨.广州土木与建筑,2000,4,62-64
    [68] 蔡光辉.取消污水处理厂纳污范围内化粪池剖析.煤炭工程,2002,8,20-21
    [69] 余中兴.在城市建设中简易污水设施的弊端.四川建筑,1997,27-28
    [70] 章非娟.工业废水污染防治.同济大学出版社,2001,第一版
    [71] 伊铁男.工业废水对城市污水处理厂设计和运行的影响,黑龙江环境通报.2001,25(4),31-32
    [72] 崔俊华.国外工业废水集中处理的典型模式 中国给水排水,2002,18(8),88-89
    [73] 吴俊奇,李宪法.寿光市城市污水处理系统改造实例.给水排水,2002,28(7),29-31

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700