种猪数字化养殖平台的系统集成与应用研究
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摘要
农牧业信息化是现代农业发展的必然趋势,大力发展数字化农业有利于推进我国农业信息化建设的步伐,提高我国农业生产的现代化水平。养猪业作为我国农牧业生产的重要组成部分,发展养猪业的数字化饲养模式势在必行。本文依托于内蒙古数字化农牧业建设示范项目(内发改投字[2008]1715号),以种猪为研究对象,研究种猪的数字化养殖模式。根据种猪的饲养过程、生活环境以及个体信息管理等内容,利用计算机、智能控制、信息监测和系统集成等数字化技术措施集成了种猪数字化养殖平台,应用于内蒙古农牧业科技园区,为数字化农牧业提供了示范实例。具体研究内容如下:
(1)研发了种猪数字化精细饲喂系统。利用S7-200作为主要下位控制器硬件,配合使用Micro Win开发了其相应的控制驱动程序;在King View组态开发的上位监控系统下,根据个体种猪产仔天数及产仔数量,控制步进电机驱动自行研发的卸料器,为猪只投放精确的饲料量。当落料量为哺乳母猪所需的500g—3000g/次时,通过实际落料得到其落料量的最大误差低于±2%。
(2)根据种猪饲喂系统落料的误差范围,确定了模糊控制输入变量的论域,选定了模糊化的三角形隶属度函数,最终建立了基于Mamdani标准模型模糊控制算法的种猪数字化精细饲喂系统。并将基于Mamdani标准模型的模糊控制算法,转化为S7-200中的模糊控制梯形图,实现了基于Mamdani标准模型模糊控制算法的S7-200可编程控制器种猪数字化精细饲喂系统。
(3)建立了基于T-S型ANFIS自适应模糊神经控制算法的种猪舍小气候环境温度模型。根据种猪舍小气候环境之多变量、非线性的特点以及模糊控制和神经控制自身解决非线性系统的互补优越性,确定了种猪舍环境温度模糊控制输入变量的论域,选定了高斯形隶属度函数的模糊推理,利用自适应神经学习的方法,完成了基于T-S型ANFIS自适应模糊神经控制器的种猪舍环境温度的建模。
(4)开发了种猪数字化管理信息系统。根据集成平台的可接入性以及工程可实现性和稳定性,将Visual Basic基础开发语言作为前台主要开发语言,以Access数据库作为后台数据库,通过ADO数据库链接技术实现了前台人机界面与后台数据库的链接,实现了猪只信息的数字化管理。
(5)集成了种猪数字化养殖平台。利用组态王King View将各子系统集成在同一个平台,实现了种猪养殖中包括饲养过程到信息管理的集中监管;作为典型的农牧业信息化示范实例,应用于内蒙古农牧业科技园区。
It is inevitable trend to develop agricultural and husbandry informatization for modern agriculture, which can promote the construction pace of agricultural informatization and improve the modernization level of agricultural production to develop digital agriculture in China. Pig industry is the important part of agricultural and husbandry production, so it is imperative to develop digital breeding model in our country. Swine digital breeding model was researched by relying on the demonstration project of digital agriculture and husbandry in Inner Mongolia ([2008]1715). According to the raising process, living environment, individual information management and other contents of swine, swine digital breeding platform was integrated by using computer, intelligent control, information monitoring, system integration and other digital technical measures. The platform can be used in science and technology park of agricultural and husbandry in Inner Mongolia, it provides the specific demonstration example of digital agriculture and husbandry. The main research contents are as follows:
First, the digital precision feeding system of swine is developed. The controlling drive program was compiled by using Micro Win in the lower controller hardware of S7-200. In the condition of upper monitoring system developed by using King View software, feed is supplied to swine accurately by controlling stepping motor to drive the discharger according to the litter size days and quantities of individual swine. It is showed that the maximum error of feed providing is lower than±2%.
Second, programmable controlling swine precision feeding system is proposed based on Mamdani standard model fuzzy control algorithm. The universe of fuzzy controlling input variants were determined and fuzzy triangular membership functions were chose according to the error range of feed providing for swine and the precision feeding system was established based on Mamdani standard model fuzzy control algorithm. Swine digital precision feeding system is realized based on Mamdani standard model fuzzy control algorithm in the S7-200 programmable controller.
Third, temperature model of swine house microclimate environment is build based on T-S adaptive fuzzy neural control algorithm. According to both the multivariable nonlinear characteristics of swine house microclimate environment and the complementary advantages of fuzzy control and neural control for nonlinear system, the universe of fuzzy-neural controlling input variants were determined and fuzzy interface gauss membership functions were chose for the environment temperature of swine house. The model of swine house environment temperature is build by using the method of adaptive neural learning based on T-S adaptive fuzzy-neural control at last.
Fourth, digital management information system of pig is developed. The digital management of pig information is realized based on Visual Basic development language and Access background database, by using ADO database link technology to realize the linking between foreground man-machine interface and background database.
Finally, the digital breeding platform of swine is integrated. By using King View to integrate every sub-system into the whole platform, the centralized monitoring and management is realized. The platform is used in science and technology park of agricultural and husbandry in Inner Mongolia and provides the specific demonstration example of digital agriculture and husbandry.
(1)研发了种猪数字化精细饲喂系统。利用S7-200作为主要下位控制器硬件,配合使用Micro Win开发了其相应的控制驱动程序;在King View组态开发的上位监控系统下,根据个体种猪产仔天数及产仔数量,控制步进电机驱动自行研发的卸料器,为猪只投放精确的饲料量。当落料量为哺乳母猪所需的500g—3000g/次时,通过实际落料得到其落料量的最大误差低于±2%。
(2)根据种猪饲喂系统落料的误差范围,确定了模糊控制输入变量的论域,选定了模糊化的三角形隶属度函数,最终建立了基于Mamdani标准模型模糊控制算法的种猪数字化精细饲喂系统。并将基于Mamdani标准模型的模糊控制算法,转化为S7-200中的模糊控制梯形图,实现了基于Mamdani标准模型模糊控制算法的S7-200可编程控制器种猪数字化精细饲喂系统。
(3)建立了基于T-S型ANFIS自适应模糊神经控制算法的种猪舍小气候环境温度模型。根据种猪舍小气候环境之多变量、非线性的特点以及模糊控制和神经控制自身解决非线性系统的互补优越性,确定了种猪舍环境温度模糊控制输入变量的论域,选定了高斯形隶属度函数的模糊推理,利用自适应神经学习的方法,完成了基于T-S型ANFIS自适应模糊神经控制器的种猪舍环境温度的建模。
(4)开发了种猪数字化管理信息系统。根据集成平台的可接入性以及工程可实现性和稳定性,将Visual Basic基础开发语言作为前台主要开发语言,以Access数据库作为后台数据库,通过ADO数据库链接技术实现了前台人机界面与后台数据库的链接,实现了猪只信息的数字化管理。
(5)集成了种猪数字化养殖平台。利用组态王King View将各子系统集成在同一个平台,实现了种猪养殖中包括饲养过程到信息管理的集中监管;作为典型的农牧业信息化示范实例,应用于内蒙古农牧业科技园区。
It is inevitable trend to develop agricultural and husbandry informatization for modern agriculture, which can promote the construction pace of agricultural informatization and improve the modernization level of agricultural production to develop digital agriculture in China. Pig industry is the important part of agricultural and husbandry production, so it is imperative to develop digital breeding model in our country. Swine digital breeding model was researched by relying on the demonstration project of digital agriculture and husbandry in Inner Mongolia ([2008]1715). According to the raising process, living environment, individual information management and other contents of swine, swine digital breeding platform was integrated by using computer, intelligent control, information monitoring, system integration and other digital technical measures. The platform can be used in science and technology park of agricultural and husbandry in Inner Mongolia, it provides the specific demonstration example of digital agriculture and husbandry. The main research contents are as follows:
First, the digital precision feeding system of swine is developed. The controlling drive program was compiled by using Micro Win in the lower controller hardware of S7-200. In the condition of upper monitoring system developed by using King View software, feed is supplied to swine accurately by controlling stepping motor to drive the discharger according to the litter size days and quantities of individual swine. It is showed that the maximum error of feed providing is lower than±2%.
Second, programmable controlling swine precision feeding system is proposed based on Mamdani standard model fuzzy control algorithm. The universe of fuzzy controlling input variants were determined and fuzzy triangular membership functions were chose according to the error range of feed providing for swine and the precision feeding system was established based on Mamdani standard model fuzzy control algorithm. Swine digital precision feeding system is realized based on Mamdani standard model fuzzy control algorithm in the S7-200 programmable controller.
Third, temperature model of swine house microclimate environment is build based on T-S adaptive fuzzy neural control algorithm. According to both the multivariable nonlinear characteristics of swine house microclimate environment and the complementary advantages of fuzzy control and neural control for nonlinear system, the universe of fuzzy-neural controlling input variants were determined and fuzzy interface gauss membership functions were chose for the environment temperature of swine house. The model of swine house environment temperature is build by using the method of adaptive neural learning based on T-S adaptive fuzzy-neural control at last.
Fourth, digital management information system of pig is developed. The digital management of pig information is realized based on Visual Basic development language and Access background database, by using ADO database link technology to realize the linking between foreground man-machine interface and background database.
Finally, the digital breeding platform of swine is integrated. By using King View to integrate every sub-system into the whole platform, the centralized monitoring and management is realized. The platform is used in science and technology park of agricultural and husbandry in Inner Mongolia and provides the specific demonstration example of digital agriculture and husbandry.
引文
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