汽车CAN总线组合仪表设计开发
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摘要
由于现代汽车正逐步采用ABS、ASR、安全气囊、发动机电控燃油喷射等先进的电子控制技术,使各种信息数据的处理量不断增加,而且对所需各项行驶信息的精度和信息种类也提出了更高要求。因为汽车上的电子控制单元(ECU)的数量越来越多,所以对网络技术的使用,智能仪表的开发将成为必然。随着采用CAN总线通讯技术的汽车日渐增加,汽车上所有与驾驶员有关的信息和数据都会在仪表中显示,仪表将作为汽车的显示中心,正逐渐成为汽车CAN网络中的重要成员。
本文从整体上阐述了CAN总线汽车组合仪表的设计开发方法,分别从CAN理论及协议、仪表硬件设计和软件编程三个方面全面论述了开发CAN总线汽车仪表所要解决的问题及解决方案,并且完成了验证试验。
论文在硬件上完成了基于MC9S12HZ256单片机的仪表电路设计,在软件上开发了CAN总线收发程序,完成了对步进电机、LCD液晶显示屏等仪表关键器件的控制,并实现了PC机通过MC9S12DP256单片机对CAN总线仪表的远程控制。
经过实际运行和测试表明,CAN总线汽车仪表在显示的实时性、准确性以及可靠性等方面都优于传统的机械芯仪表,是未来汽车仪表的发展趋势。
This paper is based on automotive accessory science project of JILIN province which is called“The Design and Product of Automotive Electronic Dashboard Based on Bus Communication”.By research this paper has done a lot of conclusion.
It has expatiated the design and development method of automotive CAN-BUS dashboard.It has designed PCB of dashboard and has accomplished diplay of vehicle speed,rotate speed ,water temperature,oil depth,mile,gear,and alarm.
It has developed CAN-BUS physical interface at hardware and transmit/receive program by CAN technique.It has accomplished convert protocol by MSCAN of MC9S12HZ256 microcontroller and CAN-BUS communication of TJA1050.It has defined transmit protocol among ECU and the function of automotive CAN-BUS dashboard.
It has researched the work theory and inside structure of step motor. The drive of motor is through MC9S12HZ256 microcontroller.MC9S12HZ has four step motor module. To make the motor stable the program use the real time interrupt to solve the control process. The program adjusts the angle and speed by actual feeling of the driver.
It has developed display drive program of mile metre so it can display totalmile and relativemile.The LCD is composed of 88 segment of MC9S12HZ256’s LCD module.
It has made the program of EEPROM to the power-off protection, so the driver can know the vehicle’s state next time. This paper use cycle write program to prevent the EEPROM module over write.
There are so many LED on the automotive dashboard. It adoptsμPD6345 to increase general I/O port. LED is economy and reliable so it is preface omit light component.
This paper integrated main function module and arranged the layout of dashboard and has developed the hardware and software of automobile CAN-BUS dashboard and drive software.It uses M68KIT912DP256 to creat CAN-BUS signal and test the performance of dashboard.It uses MSCOMM active to make human interface to control signal so it has built test system of automotive CAN-BUS dashboard and has accomplished test work.
本文从整体上阐述了CAN总线汽车组合仪表的设计开发方法,分别从CAN理论及协议、仪表硬件设计和软件编程三个方面全面论述了开发CAN总线汽车仪表所要解决的问题及解决方案,并且完成了验证试验。
论文在硬件上完成了基于MC9S12HZ256单片机的仪表电路设计,在软件上开发了CAN总线收发程序,完成了对步进电机、LCD液晶显示屏等仪表关键器件的控制,并实现了PC机通过MC9S12DP256单片机对CAN总线仪表的远程控制。
经过实际运行和测试表明,CAN总线汽车仪表在显示的实时性、准确性以及可靠性等方面都优于传统的机械芯仪表,是未来汽车仪表的发展趋势。
This paper is based on automotive accessory science project of JILIN province which is called“The Design and Product of Automotive Electronic Dashboard Based on Bus Communication”.By research this paper has done a lot of conclusion.
It has expatiated the design and development method of automotive CAN-BUS dashboard.It has designed PCB of dashboard and has accomplished diplay of vehicle speed,rotate speed ,water temperature,oil depth,mile,gear,and alarm.
It has developed CAN-BUS physical interface at hardware and transmit/receive program by CAN technique.It has accomplished convert protocol by MSCAN of MC9S12HZ256 microcontroller and CAN-BUS communication of TJA1050.It has defined transmit protocol among ECU and the function of automotive CAN-BUS dashboard.
It has researched the work theory and inside structure of step motor. The drive of motor is through MC9S12HZ256 microcontroller.MC9S12HZ has four step motor module. To make the motor stable the program use the real time interrupt to solve the control process. The program adjusts the angle and speed by actual feeling of the driver.
It has developed display drive program of mile metre so it can display totalmile and relativemile.The LCD is composed of 88 segment of MC9S12HZ256’s LCD module.
It has made the program of EEPROM to the power-off protection, so the driver can know the vehicle’s state next time. This paper use cycle write program to prevent the EEPROM module over write.
There are so many LED on the automotive dashboard. It adoptsμPD6345 to increase general I/O port. LED is economy and reliable so it is preface omit light component.
This paper integrated main function module and arranged the layout of dashboard and has developed the hardware and software of automobile CAN-BUS dashboard and drive software.It uses M68KIT912DP256 to creat CAN-BUS signal and test the performance of dashboard.It uses MSCOMM active to make human interface to control signal so it has built test system of automotive CAN-BUS dashboard and has accomplished test work.
引文
【1】杨忠敏著,汽车仪表的发展现状,汽车电器.2004 年第 4 期
【2】黄正权,盛宝军著.我国汽车仪表行业的现状和面临的挑战.维普资讯.2001
【3】姚国平,杨剑,舒华著.21 世纪汽车电工.北京:北京理工大学出版社.2000.7
【4】汽车电气设备基本技术条件,中华人民共和国汽车行业标准 QC/T413--2002
【5】常文秀著.模拟电子技术基础.长春:吉林人民出版社.2000
【6】赵福堂著.汽车电工电子技术基础.北京:北京理工大学出版社.2003.10
【7】齐志鹏著.汽车传感器与执行器的原理和检修.北京:人民邮电出版社.2002.11
【8】王绍光,夏群生,李建秋著.汽车电子学.北京:清华大学出版社.2005.8
【9】孟淑娟,杨艳芬著.一汽马自达 6 轿车维修手册.北京:人民交通出版社.2004.9
【10】孙凤英著.宝来轿车维修手册.北京:机械工业出版社.2004.1
【11】凌凯汽车资料编写组编.最新汽车资料图集大全.北京:北京邮电大学出版社.2005.4
【12】杨庆彪,郭婕著.奔驰轿车电控系统维修速查手册.北京:电子工业出版社.2004.8
【13】约翰.格瑞宾著,陈养正译.量子物理-奇妙的亚原子世界.北京:生活.读书.新知.三联书店.2004.6
【14】(法)胡思德(Daniel ROUCHB).汽车车载网络(VAN/CAN/LIN)技术详解.北京:机械工业出版社.2006.6
【15】吴浩珪著.汽车电子控制技术和车内局域网.北京:电子工业出版社.2003.7
【16】王晓明著.电动机的单片机控制.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2002
【17】李春明,丁卓著.汽车车身电子技术.北京:北京理工大学出版社.2003.10
【18】刘泽祥著.现场总线技术.北京:机械工业出版社.2005.8
【19】南金瑞,刘波澜著.汽车单片机及车载总线技术.北京:北京理工大学出版社.2005.10
【20】李东江.张大成著.汽车车载网络系统(CAN-BUS)原理与检修.北京:机械工业出版社.2005.9
【21】史久根,张培仁,陈真用著.CAN 现场总线系统.北京:国防工业出版社.2004.10
【22】朱建风,李国忠.常见车系 CAN-BUS 原理与检修.北京:机械工业出版社.2006
【23】李正军,现场总线及其应用技术,机械工业出版社,2007
【24】乌肠宽明等,现场总线技术应用选编上,下,北京航空航天大学出版社,2006/2007
【25】邵贝贝.单片机嵌入式应用的在线开发方法.北京:清华大学出版社,2004
【26】沙占友,孟志永,王彦朋著.单片机外围电路设计.北京:电子工业出版社.2006.6
【27】肖金球著.单片机原理与接口技术.北京:清华大学出版社.2004.12
【28】常越著. M68HC08 单片机原理及 C 语言开发实例.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2005.9
【29】谢瑞和,杨明.Motorola 68HC08 微控制器与嵌入式系统基础.北京:清华大学出版社.2003
【30】李宏,张家田著.液晶显示器件应用技术.北京:机械工业出版社.2004.1
【31】黄子强著.液晶显示原理.北京:国防工业出版社.2006.1
【32】徐游著.电磁学.北京:科学出版社.2004.5
【33】李刚,王艳林,孙江宏著.Protel DXP 电路设计标准教程.北京:清华大学出版社.2005.6
【34】江思敏著.PCB 和电磁兼容设计.北京:机械工业出版社.2006.3
【35】周守昌著.电路原理.北京:高等教育出版社.2003.4
【36】王幸之,单片机应用系统电磁干扰与抗干扰技术,北京航空航天大学出版社,2006
【37】肖玲妮,徐淑正,张玲.Protel 2004 电路设计.北京:清华大学出版社.2006
【38】严天峰,单片机应用系统设计与仿真调试,北京航空航天大学出版社,2006
【39】求是科技编.Visual C++/Visual Basic 串并口开发技术工程应用实例导航.北京:人民邮电出版社.2006.1
【 40 】 Kraus&Fleisch.Electromagnetics with Applications,Fifth Edition.McGraw-Hill Companies.2001.8
【 41 】 Norm Chapman.Principles of Electricity & Electronics for the Automotive Technician.Higher Education Press.2004.8
【42】Todd D.Morton.Embedded Microcontrollers.Pearson Education.2004
【43】Richard Johnsoubaugh & Martin Kalin.Object-Oriented Programming in C++.Pearson Education.2002
【 44 】 James H.McClellan & Ronald W.Schafer.Signal Processing First.Pearson Education.2006
【45】Steven F.Barrett & Daniel J.Pack.Embedded Systems Design and Applications with the 68HC12 and HCS12.Publishing House of Electronics Industry.2006
【46】Steven F.Barrett & Daniel J.Pack.Embedded Systems:Design and Applications with the 68HC12 and HCS12.Publishing House of Electronics Industry.2006
【47】Serway & Faughn.College Physics(Sixth Edition).Thomson Learning.2005
【 48 】 Alfred L.Crouch.Design-For-Test For Digital IC’s and Embededded Core Systems.Prentice Hall PTR Publishing.2003
【 49 】 Stephen A.Camphell.The Science and Engineering of Microelectronic Fabrication.Publishing House of Electronics Industry.2001
【50】Electronic Circuit Analysis and Design.Donalda.Neamen.McGraw-Hill Companies.2001
【51】Di Natale M., Scheduling the CAN bus with earliest deadline techniques,Real-Time Systems Symposium,2000.Proceedings.The 21st IEEE,27-30 Nov.2000.
【2】黄正权,盛宝军著.我国汽车仪表行业的现状和面临的挑战.维普资讯.2001
【3】姚国平,杨剑,舒华著.21 世纪汽车电工.北京:北京理工大学出版社.2000.7
【4】汽车电气设备基本技术条件,中华人民共和国汽车行业标准 QC/T413--2002
【5】常文秀著.模拟电子技术基础.长春:吉林人民出版社.2000
【6】赵福堂著.汽车电工电子技术基础.北京:北京理工大学出版社.2003.10
【7】齐志鹏著.汽车传感器与执行器的原理和检修.北京:人民邮电出版社.2002.11
【8】王绍光,夏群生,李建秋著.汽车电子学.北京:清华大学出版社.2005.8
【9】孟淑娟,杨艳芬著.一汽马自达 6 轿车维修手册.北京:人民交通出版社.2004.9
【10】孙凤英著.宝来轿车维修手册.北京:机械工业出版社.2004.1
【11】凌凯汽车资料编写组编.最新汽车资料图集大全.北京:北京邮电大学出版社.2005.4
【12】杨庆彪,郭婕著.奔驰轿车电控系统维修速查手册.北京:电子工业出版社.2004.8
【13】约翰.格瑞宾著,陈养正译.量子物理-奇妙的亚原子世界.北京:生活.读书.新知.三联书店.2004.6
【14】(法)胡思德(Daniel ROUCHB).汽车车载网络(VAN/CAN/LIN)技术详解.北京:机械工业出版社.2006.6
【15】吴浩珪著.汽车电子控制技术和车内局域网.北京:电子工业出版社.2003.7
【16】王晓明著.电动机的单片机控制.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2002
【17】李春明,丁卓著.汽车车身电子技术.北京:北京理工大学出版社.2003.10
【18】刘泽祥著.现场总线技术.北京:机械工业出版社.2005.8
【19】南金瑞,刘波澜著.汽车单片机及车载总线技术.北京:北京理工大学出版社.2005.10
【20】李东江.张大成著.汽车车载网络系统(CAN-BUS)原理与检修.北京:机械工业出版社.2005.9
【21】史久根,张培仁,陈真用著.CAN 现场总线系统.北京:国防工业出版社.2004.10
【22】朱建风,李国忠.常见车系 CAN-BUS 原理与检修.北京:机械工业出版社.2006
【23】李正军,现场总线及其应用技术,机械工业出版社,2007
【24】乌肠宽明等,现场总线技术应用选编上,下,北京航空航天大学出版社,2006/2007
【25】邵贝贝.单片机嵌入式应用的在线开发方法.北京:清华大学出版社,2004
【26】沙占友,孟志永,王彦朋著.单片机外围电路设计.北京:电子工业出版社.2006.6
【27】肖金球著.单片机原理与接口技术.北京:清华大学出版社.2004.12
【28】常越著. M68HC08 单片机原理及 C 语言开发实例.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2005.9
【29】谢瑞和,杨明.Motorola 68HC08 微控制器与嵌入式系统基础.北京:清华大学出版社.2003
【30】李宏,张家田著.液晶显示器件应用技术.北京:机械工业出版社.2004.1
【31】黄子强著.液晶显示原理.北京:国防工业出版社.2006.1
【32】徐游著.电磁学.北京:科学出版社.2004.5
【33】李刚,王艳林,孙江宏著.Protel DXP 电路设计标准教程.北京:清华大学出版社.2005.6
【34】江思敏著.PCB 和电磁兼容设计.北京:机械工业出版社.2006.3
【35】周守昌著.电路原理.北京:高等教育出版社.2003.4
【36】王幸之,单片机应用系统电磁干扰与抗干扰技术,北京航空航天大学出版社,2006
【37】肖玲妮,徐淑正,张玲.Protel 2004 电路设计.北京:清华大学出版社.2006
【38】严天峰,单片机应用系统设计与仿真调试,北京航空航天大学出版社,2006
【39】求是科技编.Visual C++/Visual Basic 串并口开发技术工程应用实例导航.北京:人民邮电出版社.2006.1
【 40 】 Kraus&Fleisch.Electromagnetics with Applications,Fifth Edition.McGraw-Hill Companies.2001.8
【 41 】 Norm Chapman.Principles of Electricity & Electronics for the Automotive Technician.Higher Education Press.2004.8
【42】Todd D.Morton.Embedded Microcontrollers.Pearson Education.2004
【43】Richard Johnsoubaugh & Martin Kalin.Object-Oriented Programming in C++.Pearson Education.2002
【 44 】 James H.McClellan & Ronald W.Schafer.Signal Processing First.Pearson Education.2006
【45】Steven F.Barrett & Daniel J.Pack.Embedded Systems Design and Applications with the 68HC12 and HCS12.Publishing House of Electronics Industry.2006
【46】Steven F.Barrett & Daniel J.Pack.Embedded Systems:Design and Applications with the 68HC12 and HCS12.Publishing House of Electronics Industry.2006
【47】Serway & Faughn.College Physics(Sixth Edition).Thomson Learning.2005
【 48 】 Alfred L.Crouch.Design-For-Test For Digital IC’s and Embededded Core Systems.Prentice Hall PTR Publishing.2003
【 49 】 Stephen A.Camphell.The Science and Engineering of Microelectronic Fabrication.Publishing House of Electronics Industry.2001
【50】Electronic Circuit Analysis and Design.Donalda.Neamen.McGraw-Hill Companies.2001
【51】Di Natale M., Scheduling the CAN bus with earliest deadline techniques,Real-Time Systems Symposium,2000.Proceedings.The 21st IEEE,27-30 Nov.2000.