全程自养脱氮及厌氧氨氧化的研究
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摘要
水环境中氮元素的大量积累导致了水环境质量的严重恶化,采用有效的防治措施化解这一危害,是目前亟待解决的问题。用传统硝化-反硝化工艺处理高浓度氨氮废水时,由于该工艺硝化时需要氧气,反硝化时需要有机碳源,不满足废水处理可持续发展的要求。近几年发现一种新型生物脱氮工艺-全程自养脱氮,它通过亚硝化菌将废水中部分氨氮(50%)氧化为亚硝酸氮,然后再在厌氧氨氧化菌的作用下,利用剩余的氨氮为电子供体,生成的亚硝酸氮为电子受体,转化为氮气,达到脱氮的目的。该工艺至少节省氧气64%的氧气和100%的有机碳源,是一种很有应用前景的脱氮工艺。
本课题立足于国内外生物脱氮研究的最新研究成果,在SBR反应器中接种普通厌氧颗粒污泥,培养全程自养脱氮微生物颗粒化。实验结果表明,当控制pH值在7.7~8.3之间,温度在(35±1)oC,DO控制在0.5~0.8mg/L,并且持续从反应器底部曝入氮气,可以成功的培养出全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥。
在厌氧序批式反应器中接种已培养出的全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥,进行厌氧氨氧化污泥的快速培养。实验中采用含氮模拟废水,进水pH值在7.7~8.3之间,温度控制在(35±1)oC,DO应控制在0.5mg/L以下的条件下运行97天,成功培养出厌氧氨氧化污泥,实验结果表明:在水利停留时间为3d、总氮容积负荷(以N计)为0.1702 kg/(m3·d)时,总氮去除率最高达到82.7%,氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮的去除率最高达到了86.2%和86%,反应器中主要发生厌氧氨氧化反应,说明采用厌氧序批式反应器接种全程自养脱氮污泥是快速培养厌氧氨氧化污泥的一条途径。
Accumulation of ammonia in water environment has induced serious deterioration to the quality of water environment. It is a problem that should be solved by using proper measure to prevent the deterioration without delay. Wastewater with high nitrogen concentrations and low C/N ratio are rather cost-intensive when treated with conventional concepts, as both the oxygen demand for nitrification and the demand for organic substrates for denitrification depend on the respective nitrogen concentration in the wastewater. It goes against the sustainable development of wastewater treatment. Recently a new process named as deammonification, which describes the oxidation of nearly 50% of the NH4+ to NO2- and subsequent conversion of NH4+ and NO2- to molecular nitrogen (N2 gas). The main advantages of these process is lower oxygen demand (up to 25% energy savings during aeration) and reduced 40% organic substrate requirements for heterotrophic denitrification, so it become the highlight in the biological de-nitrogen study.
Based on the latest research findings on biological nitrogen removal in both domestic and abroad, the influence of inorganic carbon concentration, pH value and dissolved oxygen (DO) in deammonification was studied in a SBR reactor using anaerobic granulation sludge as the inoculation. In order to investigate the possibility of the granulation of deammonification bacteria .The experiment results showed that the pH value in the reaction system keep from 7.7 to 8.3 ,the temperature keep (35±1)oC and DO concentration be controlled at 0.5mg/L would plant the granulation of deammonification bacteria.
In order to seed deammonification granulation sludge in an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor,the anaerobic ammonium-oxidized (ANAMMOX) was successful enrich at (35±1)oC after a 97-day cultivation, with the influent pH value ranging from 7.7 to 8.3. Experimental result indicate that with a hydraulic settling time of 3d and a volumetric loading rate ( calculated with the content of N ) of 0.1702 kg/(m3·d), the maximum removal of the total nitrogen respectively achieve 82.7%, while the maxi- -mum removals of NH4+-N and NO2--N respectively achieve 86.2% and 86%.The anaerobic ammonium oxidation is found to be the main reaction in an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor, which means that an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor is one of the useful tools to expediousness enrich the anaerobic ammonium-oxidized sludge.
本课题立足于国内外生物脱氮研究的最新研究成果,在SBR反应器中接种普通厌氧颗粒污泥,培养全程自养脱氮微生物颗粒化。实验结果表明,当控制pH值在7.7~8.3之间,温度在(35±1)oC,DO控制在0.5~0.8mg/L,并且持续从反应器底部曝入氮气,可以成功的培养出全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥。
在厌氧序批式反应器中接种已培养出的全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥,进行厌氧氨氧化污泥的快速培养。实验中采用含氮模拟废水,进水pH值在7.7~8.3之间,温度控制在(35±1)oC,DO应控制在0.5mg/L以下的条件下运行97天,成功培养出厌氧氨氧化污泥,实验结果表明:在水利停留时间为3d、总氮容积负荷(以N计)为0.1702 kg/(m3·d)时,总氮去除率最高达到82.7%,氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮的去除率最高达到了86.2%和86%,反应器中主要发生厌氧氨氧化反应,说明采用厌氧序批式反应器接种全程自养脱氮污泥是快速培养厌氧氨氧化污泥的一条途径。
Accumulation of ammonia in water environment has induced serious deterioration to the quality of water environment. It is a problem that should be solved by using proper measure to prevent the deterioration without delay. Wastewater with high nitrogen concentrations and low C/N ratio are rather cost-intensive when treated with conventional concepts, as both the oxygen demand for nitrification and the demand for organic substrates for denitrification depend on the respective nitrogen concentration in the wastewater. It goes against the sustainable development of wastewater treatment. Recently a new process named as deammonification, which describes the oxidation of nearly 50% of the NH4+ to NO2- and subsequent conversion of NH4+ and NO2- to molecular nitrogen (N2 gas). The main advantages of these process is lower oxygen demand (up to 25% energy savings during aeration) and reduced 40% organic substrate requirements for heterotrophic denitrification, so it become the highlight in the biological de-nitrogen study.
Based on the latest research findings on biological nitrogen removal in both domestic and abroad, the influence of inorganic carbon concentration, pH value and dissolved oxygen (DO) in deammonification was studied in a SBR reactor using anaerobic granulation sludge as the inoculation. In order to investigate the possibility of the granulation of deammonification bacteria .The experiment results showed that the pH value in the reaction system keep from 7.7 to 8.3 ,the temperature keep (35±1)oC and DO concentration be controlled at 0.5mg/L would plant the granulation of deammonification bacteria.
In order to seed deammonification granulation sludge in an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor,the anaerobic ammonium-oxidized (ANAMMOX) was successful enrich at (35±1)oC after a 97-day cultivation, with the influent pH value ranging from 7.7 to 8.3. Experimental result indicate that with a hydraulic settling time of 3d and a volumetric loading rate ( calculated with the content of N ) of 0.1702 kg/(m3·d), the maximum removal of the total nitrogen respectively achieve 82.7%, while the maxi- -mum removals of NH4+-N and NO2--N respectively achieve 86.2% and 86%.The anaerobic ammonium oxidation is found to be the main reaction in an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor, which means that an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor is one of the useful tools to expediousness enrich the anaerobic ammonium-oxidized sludge.
引文
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