辽河断陷欧利坨子油田碎屑岩储层非均质性研究
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摘要
本文在前人研究成果的基础上,以S_3~上Ⅲ、Ⅳ油层组为研究对象。通过地质、测井、地震、生产测试等信息的综合分析应用,利用深度开发阶段提供的丰富的动态、静态资料,将层序界面分析、沉积过程分析、测井曲线分析等研究手段应用于辽河断陷东部凹陷欧利坨子地区沙河街组三段的沉积单元细分与对比、储层沉积特征描述、储层非均质性描述。在S3段地层建立了研究区统一的高分辨率层序地层格架,划分出28个时间地层单元;在时间地层单元内通过相标志的识别和测井相的研究,确立了研究区扇三角洲沉积模式,并对扇三角洲沉积体系内部构成进行了详细的分析研究,总结出7种测井微相模式,利用层序分析法详细剖析了研究区层序地层受构造因素的控制,基准面的升降运动进而影响沉积作用。
沉积微相是控制储层各个层次非均质性的根本因素,其平面展布与储层参数的平面分布有较好的相关性。研究区有丰富的岩心资料和测井资料,通过岩石组合、沉积韵律、砂岩粒度分析、沉积构造,测井相等沉积学标志,结合古环境背景,得出储层具有较强的平面、层间、层内非均质性特征;通过储层描述尺度大小可区分为宏观非均质性和微观非均质性,进行详细研究,宏观非均质性研究是以沉积学为基础,研究砂体纵横向分布模式,砂体内部的结构特征。
研究区宏观非均质性特点为:研究区分流河道砂体以正韵律为主,高孔、渗带在砂体中上部,底部常存有低渗透率钙质夹层;水下分流河道砂体为较均质的正韵律,下部孔渗高,上部孔渗变小,分流河口坝砂体为复合韵律,砂体内部夹层多。
非均质性特征研究是储层储集性能研究的重要组成部分,本文通过对研究区储层非均质性特征全面、系统的研究描述,分析影响储层储集性能的主要因素,对其总体特点得出认识后,进行了储层非均质性对采收率和剩余油的影响,最后指导油田的勘探和开发。
In this paper based on previous research, S_3~上Ⅲ、Ⅳoil group is the study object. By the information comprehensive analysis such as passing geology , well logging , earthquake , producing a testing applies and so on ,on the basis of logging data, combined with seismic, logging and core data, the paper applied both rich dynamic and static data which provided by later stage of exploitation as well as sedimentary process analysis, well logging analysis method on the sedimentary unit subdivision and comparison, reservoir sedimentary and reservoir heterogeneity charaterization of delimitation sand channel bar of middle of the East fault depression of The liaohe fault depression. S3 interval was established the unifying high-resolution sequence formation grid and 28 time-formation unit were classified. Within time-formation unit, the study for sedimentary pattern of regional fan-delta was determined through phase identification and log facies study. Through using of sequence analysis, the paper point out that sequence formation in the studied zone was controlled by structural factors, ascending and descending movement of base level further impose influence on seismology.
Sedimentary microfacies is the fundamental factors of control the reservoir heterogeneity at all levels,it plane spred and horizontal distribution of reservoir parameters have good correlation.Study on sedimentary mierofacies is base of reservoir heterogeneity research. sediment gradus,sand stone grading analysis,protogene sedimentary structure,ichnofossile and logging facies ete and palaeoenvironment background,we can concluse that reservoir has a strong plane, layer, the layer of non-homogeneous characteristics; Reservoir heterogeneity can divide macro heterogeneity and micro heterogeneity according to reservoir scale.Macro heterogeneity research based on sedimentology and studied on sandstone longitudinal and landseape orientation distributing mode,it’s inner strueture character.
Research section distributary channel sandstone is mostly positive rhythm,and high porosity and seepage rate in its central-top section,low seepage rate kalk interbed in its bottom.Underwater distributary channel sandstone is relatively homogeneous positive rhythm,high porosity and seepage rate in its bottom,its top low.Distributary mouth bar sandstone is complex rhythm,many interbeds inside.
The study on haracteristics of reservoir heterogeneity is an important component of reservoir properties.with a comprehensive and systematic analyze on haracteristics of reservoir heterogeneity,analysis the main factors on the reservoir properties,and reach conclusions by overall features conducted the impact of reservoir heterogeneity to oil recovery and residual oil,and finally to guide oil exploration and development.
沉积微相是控制储层各个层次非均质性的根本因素,其平面展布与储层参数的平面分布有较好的相关性。研究区有丰富的岩心资料和测井资料,通过岩石组合、沉积韵律、砂岩粒度分析、沉积构造,测井相等沉积学标志,结合古环境背景,得出储层具有较强的平面、层间、层内非均质性特征;通过储层描述尺度大小可区分为宏观非均质性和微观非均质性,进行详细研究,宏观非均质性研究是以沉积学为基础,研究砂体纵横向分布模式,砂体内部的结构特征。
研究区宏观非均质性特点为:研究区分流河道砂体以正韵律为主,高孔、渗带在砂体中上部,底部常存有低渗透率钙质夹层;水下分流河道砂体为较均质的正韵律,下部孔渗高,上部孔渗变小,分流河口坝砂体为复合韵律,砂体内部夹层多。
非均质性特征研究是储层储集性能研究的重要组成部分,本文通过对研究区储层非均质性特征全面、系统的研究描述,分析影响储层储集性能的主要因素,对其总体特点得出认识后,进行了储层非均质性对采收率和剩余油的影响,最后指导油田的勘探和开发。
In this paper based on previous research, S_3~上Ⅲ、Ⅳoil group is the study object. By the information comprehensive analysis such as passing geology , well logging , earthquake , producing a testing applies and so on ,on the basis of logging data, combined with seismic, logging and core data, the paper applied both rich dynamic and static data which provided by later stage of exploitation as well as sedimentary process analysis, well logging analysis method on the sedimentary unit subdivision and comparison, reservoir sedimentary and reservoir heterogeneity charaterization of delimitation sand channel bar of middle of the East fault depression of The liaohe fault depression. S3 interval was established the unifying high-resolution sequence formation grid and 28 time-formation unit were classified. Within time-formation unit, the study for sedimentary pattern of regional fan-delta was determined through phase identification and log facies study. Through using of sequence analysis, the paper point out that sequence formation in the studied zone was controlled by structural factors, ascending and descending movement of base level further impose influence on seismology.
Sedimentary microfacies is the fundamental factors of control the reservoir heterogeneity at all levels,it plane spred and horizontal distribution of reservoir parameters have good correlation.Study on sedimentary mierofacies is base of reservoir heterogeneity research. sediment gradus,sand stone grading analysis,protogene sedimentary structure,ichnofossile and logging facies ete and palaeoenvironment background,we can concluse that reservoir has a strong plane, layer, the layer of non-homogeneous characteristics; Reservoir heterogeneity can divide macro heterogeneity and micro heterogeneity according to reservoir scale.Macro heterogeneity research based on sedimentology and studied on sandstone longitudinal and landseape orientation distributing mode,it’s inner strueture character.
Research section distributary channel sandstone is mostly positive rhythm,and high porosity and seepage rate in its central-top section,low seepage rate kalk interbed in its bottom.Underwater distributary channel sandstone is relatively homogeneous positive rhythm,high porosity and seepage rate in its bottom,its top low.Distributary mouth bar sandstone is complex rhythm,many interbeds inside.
The study on haracteristics of reservoir heterogeneity is an important component of reservoir properties.with a comprehensive and systematic analyze on haracteristics of reservoir heterogeneity,analysis the main factors on the reservoir properties,and reach conclusions by overall features conducted the impact of reservoir heterogeneity to oil recovery and residual oil,and finally to guide oil exploration and development.
引文
[1]于兴河.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学[M].石油工业出版社,2002,108~125.
[2]马玉龙.牛仲仁辽河油区勘探与开发(勘探分册)[C].北京:石油工业出版社,1997,335~337.
[3]孟卫工,孙洪斌.辽河坳陷古近系碎屑岩储层[M].石油工业出版社,2007,1~13.
[4]姜建群,张占文,张福功,李明葵.辽河盆地东部凹陷中段油气成藏模式[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(2):137~140.
[4]赵澄林.储层沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002,1~17.
[5]李鲁斌,宋兴文,谭颖,郭秀文.欧31块沙三油层开发方案[R].辽宁:辽河石油勘探局勘探开发研究院,2001.
[6]孙永传,李惠生.碎屑岩沉积相和沉积环境[M].北京:地质出版社,1985,5~94.
[7]裘怪楠,储层沉积学研究工作流程.石油勘探与开发[M],1990,3(1):85~90.
[8]刘家铎,田景春,李琦等.精细油藏描述中的沉积微相研究一以东营凹陷现河庄油田河31断块区沙一段、沙二段为例[J],古地理学报,1999,l(2):36~44.
[9]LiSitian,HuYuanxian,XuLi.Analysisofdepositionproeessesandarehiteetureofthelaeustrinedelta[C], JurassieYan’anFormation,OrdosBasin.ChinaEarthSeienees,1990,217~231
[10]任宝生,芦凤明.黄骅凹陷北大港油田唐家河开发区东三段储层精细描述[J].石油实验地质,2004,26(1):58~62.
[11]阳文生,赵力民,候守探.精细储层描述在荆丘油田调整挖潜中的初步实践[J].石油实验地质,2000,22(4):375~38.
[12]宋保全,李音,席国兴.储层精细描述技术在杏北油田开发调整中的应用[J].石油学报,2001,22(l):72~77
[13]任宝生,芦凤明.黄骅凹陷北大港油田唐家河开发区东三段储层精细描述[J].石油实验地质,2004,26(1):58~62.
[14]裘亦楠,薛叔浩,应凤祥.中国陆相油气储集层[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997
[15]王道富.长庆油气田勘探开发技术展望[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.
[16] MiallAD.Understandingfluvialreservoirs[C].Reservoir,1999,26(4):28~33..
[17] A I.Levorsen. The obscure and subtle trap[J]. AAPG Bull. 1966,50(10):2058~2067.
[18] M.T.Halbouty. The deliberate search for the subtle trap[C]. Oklahoma: AAPG Memoir 32,1982,1~8.
[19] M.T.Halbouty (ed). The deliberate search for the subtle trap[C].1982,AAPG Memoir,32:351~368.
[20]郑荣才,尹世民,彭军.基准面旋回结构与叠加样式的沉积动力学分析[J].沉积学报,2000,18(3):369~375.
[21]M.T.Halbouty (ed). The deliberate search for the subtle trap[C].1982 , AAPG Memoir,32:351~368.
[22] W.B.Wilson. Proposed classification of oil and gas reservoirs [C]. Oklahoma: AAPG Sidney Powers Memorial Volum 1934,433~445.
[23] Kaufman G M, Balcer Y, Druyt D. A probabilistic modal of oil and gas discovery[A]. Methods of Estimating the Volume of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Reserves(AAPG Studies in Geology#1)[C],1975,113~142.
[24]吴元燕,陈碧珏.油矿地质学(第二版)[M],石油工业出版社.1996,144~165.
[25]刘吉余,尹万全,曙22块杜家油层微观非均性特征[J].大庆石油学院学报,1998,22(3):80~83.
[26]刘吉余,尹万全.曙22块杜家油层微观非均性特征[J].大庆石油学院学报,1998,22(3):84~86.
[27]戴启德,纪友亮.油气储层地质学[M].石油工业出版社,2000,107~123.
[28]于兴河.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学[M].石油工业出版社,2002,108~125.
[29]师永民,霍进,张玉广.陆相油田开发中后期油藏精细描述[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004,59~205.
[30]李存贵.低渗透储层三维地质模型和剩余油分布预测[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003,32~44.
[31]罗明高.定量储层地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1998,35~99.
[32]师永民,霍进,张玉广.陆相油田开发中后期油藏精细描述[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004,59~205.
[33]李存贵.低渗透储层三维地质模型和剩余油分布预测[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003,32~44.
[34]罗明高.定量储层地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1998,35~99.
[35]张幸福,周嘉玺.陆相复杂断块油田精细油藏描述技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992,49~87.
[36]张学汝,牛仲仁等.辽河断陷湖盆碎屑岩开发储层研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995,60~87.
[37]吴元燕,徐龙等.油气储层地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996,90~120.
[38]罗蛰谭,王允诚.油气储集层的孔隙结构[M].北京:科学出版社,1986,87~102.
[39]李兴国.储层精细研究方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000,116~118.
[40]李存贵,徐守余.长期注水开发油藏的孔隙结构变化规律[J] .石油勘探与开发, 2003,(02).
[2]马玉龙.牛仲仁辽河油区勘探与开发(勘探分册)[C].北京:石油工业出版社,1997,335~337.
[3]孟卫工,孙洪斌.辽河坳陷古近系碎屑岩储层[M].石油工业出版社,2007,1~13.
[4]姜建群,张占文,张福功,李明葵.辽河盆地东部凹陷中段油气成藏模式[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(2):137~140.
[4]赵澄林.储层沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002,1~17.
[5]李鲁斌,宋兴文,谭颖,郭秀文.欧31块沙三油层开发方案[R].辽宁:辽河石油勘探局勘探开发研究院,2001.
[6]孙永传,李惠生.碎屑岩沉积相和沉积环境[M].北京:地质出版社,1985,5~94.
[7]裘怪楠,储层沉积学研究工作流程.石油勘探与开发[M],1990,3(1):85~90.
[8]刘家铎,田景春,李琦等.精细油藏描述中的沉积微相研究一以东营凹陷现河庄油田河31断块区沙一段、沙二段为例[J],古地理学报,1999,l(2):36~44.
[9]LiSitian,HuYuanxian,XuLi.Analysisofdepositionproeessesandarehiteetureofthelaeustrinedelta[C], JurassieYan’anFormation,OrdosBasin.ChinaEarthSeienees,1990,217~231
[10]任宝生,芦凤明.黄骅凹陷北大港油田唐家河开发区东三段储层精细描述[J].石油实验地质,2004,26(1):58~62.
[11]阳文生,赵力民,候守探.精细储层描述在荆丘油田调整挖潜中的初步实践[J].石油实验地质,2000,22(4):375~38.
[12]宋保全,李音,席国兴.储层精细描述技术在杏北油田开发调整中的应用[J].石油学报,2001,22(l):72~77
[13]任宝生,芦凤明.黄骅凹陷北大港油田唐家河开发区东三段储层精细描述[J].石油实验地质,2004,26(1):58~62.
[14]裘亦楠,薛叔浩,应凤祥.中国陆相油气储集层[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997
[15]王道富.长庆油气田勘探开发技术展望[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.
[16] MiallAD.Understandingfluvialreservoirs[C].Reservoir,1999,26(4):28~33..
[17] A I.Levorsen. The obscure and subtle trap[J]. AAPG Bull. 1966,50(10):2058~2067.
[18] M.T.Halbouty. The deliberate search for the subtle trap[C]. Oklahoma: AAPG Memoir 32,1982,1~8.
[19] M.T.Halbouty (ed). The deliberate search for the subtle trap[C].1982,AAPG Memoir,32:351~368.
[20]郑荣才,尹世民,彭军.基准面旋回结构与叠加样式的沉积动力学分析[J].沉积学报,2000,18(3):369~375.
[21]M.T.Halbouty (ed). The deliberate search for the subtle trap[C].1982 , AAPG Memoir,32:351~368.
[22] W.B.Wilson. Proposed classification of oil and gas reservoirs [C]. Oklahoma: AAPG Sidney Powers Memorial Volum 1934,433~445.
[23] Kaufman G M, Balcer Y, Druyt D. A probabilistic modal of oil and gas discovery[A]. Methods of Estimating the Volume of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Reserves(AAPG Studies in Geology#1)[C],1975,113~142.
[24]吴元燕,陈碧珏.油矿地质学(第二版)[M],石油工业出版社.1996,144~165.
[25]刘吉余,尹万全,曙22块杜家油层微观非均性特征[J].大庆石油学院学报,1998,22(3):80~83.
[26]刘吉余,尹万全.曙22块杜家油层微观非均性特征[J].大庆石油学院学报,1998,22(3):84~86.
[27]戴启德,纪友亮.油气储层地质学[M].石油工业出版社,2000,107~123.
[28]于兴河.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学[M].石油工业出版社,2002,108~125.
[29]师永民,霍进,张玉广.陆相油田开发中后期油藏精细描述[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004,59~205.
[30]李存贵.低渗透储层三维地质模型和剩余油分布预测[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003,32~44.
[31]罗明高.定量储层地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1998,35~99.
[32]师永民,霍进,张玉广.陆相油田开发中后期油藏精细描述[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004,59~205.
[33]李存贵.低渗透储层三维地质模型和剩余油分布预测[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003,32~44.
[34]罗明高.定量储层地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1998,35~99.
[35]张幸福,周嘉玺.陆相复杂断块油田精细油藏描述技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992,49~87.
[36]张学汝,牛仲仁等.辽河断陷湖盆碎屑岩开发储层研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995,60~87.
[37]吴元燕,徐龙等.油气储层地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996,90~120.
[38]罗蛰谭,王允诚.油气储集层的孔隙结构[M].北京:科学出版社,1986,87~102.
[39]李兴国.储层精细研究方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000,116~118.
[40]李存贵,徐守余.长期注水开发油藏的孔隙结构变化规律[J] .石油勘探与开发, 2003,(02).