霸县凹陷古近系构造—层序地层与沉积体系研究
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摘要
本文从霸县凹陷整体出发,从构造对沉积控制作用研究入手,运用层序地层学基础理论与分析技术,通过凹陷主控断裂控“型”作用、横向调节带控“源”作用与坡折带控“砂”作用分析,探讨了断陷盆地层序地层构型与层序地层格架内沉积体系、沉积相分布规律及其时空演化特征。从宏观石油地质条件出发分析了霸县凹陷形成隐蔽圈闭的基本条件,以有利储集体分布为核心,并综合其他成藏条件对形成隐蔽油气藏的有利区带进行了预测,为霸县凹陷隐蔽圈闭勘探提供了理论基础和科学依据。
论文以大量岩心、钻/测井、地震资料为基础,地质分析与地球物理解释技术相结合,层序地层学、沉积学与构造地质学基本理论与分析方法相结合,在分析霸县构造-沉积演化史的基础上,建立了凹陷古近系统一的等时地层对比格架,将古近系地层可以划分为一个一级层序、三个二级层序(长期基准面旋回)和十个三级层序(中期基准面旋回)。
研究认为牛东断层的分段性以及各段展部样式、活动时间和活动强度的差异性导致盆地结构的“南北分区”和“东西分带”特征。由此将凹陷划分为南、中、北三个区和洼槽带、过渡带、斜坡带三个东西向构造-地貌单元。霸县凹陷古近系发育了10 种沉积体系和沉积相类型,各构造-地貌单元的层序地层构型、沉积体系成因类型、分布样式与沉积特征具有明显的差异性。凹陷发育的不同级次横向构造调节带对各个构造-地貌单元物源体系的形成、沉积体系与砂体的展布有重要控制作用。一级、二级横向调节带控制凹陷南区、北区主导物源供给体系的形成、三级横向调节带对局部地区沉积体系的形成和砂体分布有明显制约作用。缓坡带以各类三角洲沉积作用为主,缓坡上发育的不同成因类型的坡折带对三角洲展布样式、亚相构成与沉积特征有显著影响。
在构造-层序地层构型和沉积体系展布规律分析的基础上,论文剖析了霸县凹陷形成隐蔽圈闭的四大基本条件。分析了不同构造-地貌单元类型隐蔽圈闭的勘探方向和有利区带,指出文安斜坡中段是寻找隐蔽圈闭勘探的最有利区带。
Depart from the whole Baxian depression, the structure controlling the depositional system, and the applications of the principle and theory of sequence stratigraphy, the article analyses the function of the basin-controlled fault to the sequence architecture, the function of the transverse transfer zone to the provenance orientation and the function of the paleostructure and the paleotopograhy to the sandstone bodies distribution ,discusses the vertical and plane distribution of the depositional systems and sedimentary facies.
Based on the integrated analysis of cores, well logging, seismic data and other basic data, the sequence stratigraphy and the depositional systems of Paleogene of Baxian Depression are studied. The sequence of Paleogene is one 1st order sequence, and which can be divided ulteriorly into three long-term base-level cycles (2st order sequence) and 10 intermediate-term base-level cycles (3st order sequence).
The Baxian depression can be subdivided into three subsections in north-south and west-east orientation by Niudong fault, every paleostructure-paleotopograhy unit has evidently difference of sequence strata architectures and the types of sedimentary facies.There are over ten types of depositional systems and sedimentary facies of Paleogene in Baxian depression. Every paleostructure-paleotopograhy unit has different architectures of sequence stratigraphy, types, modes, and characteristics of depositional systems. Different orders of the transverse transfer faults control the provenance systems’development and the distribution of the depositional systems and the sand. The first and the second order of the transverse transfer faults dominate the provenance system in the south and north depression, the third order of the transverse transfer faults mainly restrict the development of the depositional systems and the sand distribution in part area. The slope zone sediment the different types of delta.
Based on the architecture of the structure-sequence stratitgraphy and the distribution of depositional systems, the article analyses the four basic conditions of subtle trap in Baxian depression. The different paleostructure-paleotopograhy unit has different exploration orientations, the middle Wen’an slope is the best advantageous zone for the subtle traps.
论文以大量岩心、钻/测井、地震资料为基础,地质分析与地球物理解释技术相结合,层序地层学、沉积学与构造地质学基本理论与分析方法相结合,在分析霸县构造-沉积演化史的基础上,建立了凹陷古近系统一的等时地层对比格架,将古近系地层可以划分为一个一级层序、三个二级层序(长期基准面旋回)和十个三级层序(中期基准面旋回)。
研究认为牛东断层的分段性以及各段展部样式、活动时间和活动强度的差异性导致盆地结构的“南北分区”和“东西分带”特征。由此将凹陷划分为南、中、北三个区和洼槽带、过渡带、斜坡带三个东西向构造-地貌单元。霸县凹陷古近系发育了10 种沉积体系和沉积相类型,各构造-地貌单元的层序地层构型、沉积体系成因类型、分布样式与沉积特征具有明显的差异性。凹陷发育的不同级次横向构造调节带对各个构造-地貌单元物源体系的形成、沉积体系与砂体的展布有重要控制作用。一级、二级横向调节带控制凹陷南区、北区主导物源供给体系的形成、三级横向调节带对局部地区沉积体系的形成和砂体分布有明显制约作用。缓坡带以各类三角洲沉积作用为主,缓坡上发育的不同成因类型的坡折带对三角洲展布样式、亚相构成与沉积特征有显著影响。
在构造-层序地层构型和沉积体系展布规律分析的基础上,论文剖析了霸县凹陷形成隐蔽圈闭的四大基本条件。分析了不同构造-地貌单元类型隐蔽圈闭的勘探方向和有利区带,指出文安斜坡中段是寻找隐蔽圈闭勘探的最有利区带。
Depart from the whole Baxian depression, the structure controlling the depositional system, and the applications of the principle and theory of sequence stratigraphy, the article analyses the function of the basin-controlled fault to the sequence architecture, the function of the transverse transfer zone to the provenance orientation and the function of the paleostructure and the paleotopograhy to the sandstone bodies distribution ,discusses the vertical and plane distribution of the depositional systems and sedimentary facies.
Based on the integrated analysis of cores, well logging, seismic data and other basic data, the sequence stratigraphy and the depositional systems of Paleogene of Baxian Depression are studied. The sequence of Paleogene is one 1st order sequence, and which can be divided ulteriorly into three long-term base-level cycles (2st order sequence) and 10 intermediate-term base-level cycles (3st order sequence).
The Baxian depression can be subdivided into three subsections in north-south and west-east orientation by Niudong fault, every paleostructure-paleotopograhy unit has evidently difference of sequence strata architectures and the types of sedimentary facies.There are over ten types of depositional systems and sedimentary facies of Paleogene in Baxian depression. Every paleostructure-paleotopograhy unit has different architectures of sequence stratigraphy, types, modes, and characteristics of depositional systems. Different orders of the transverse transfer faults control the provenance systems’development and the distribution of the depositional systems and the sand. The first and the second order of the transverse transfer faults dominate the provenance system in the south and north depression, the third order of the transverse transfer faults mainly restrict the development of the depositional systems and the sand distribution in part area. The slope zone sediment the different types of delta.
Based on the architecture of the structure-sequence stratitgraphy and the distribution of depositional systems, the article analyses the four basic conditions of subtle trap in Baxian depression. The different paleostructure-paleotopograhy unit has different exploration orientations, the middle Wen’an slope is the best advantageous zone for the subtle traps.
引文
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