Q-CdS/聚合物纳米复合膜的制备、表征和光电性能
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摘要
本文综述了国内外CdS／聚合物纳米复合膜的研究与发展现状，合成了一系列不同粒径、不同聚合物基体、不同Q-CdS含量的Q-CdS／聚合物纳米复合膜，通过透射电子显微镜对其形态、结构和粒径进行了表征，通过紫外吸收光谱、荧光发射光谱及导电率等测试手段对其光电性能进行了研究，具体如下：
1．通过改变硫化氢的加入量，反应中硫醇与镉离子的比例含量以及分步沉降的次数制备出几种不同粒径的Q-CdS。通过讨论分步沉降过程中沉降剂的类型、用量以及沉降次数等因素分离出单分散性的Q-CdS。通过改变硫醇的碳链和加入量，对比有氧无氧合成环境的影响，研究了Q-CdS的表面修饰效应，结果表明这种表面经过修饰的Q-CdS荧光强度明显增大，并且可以发出两种不同颜色的荧光。
2．将制备好的Q-CdS溶液与聚合物溶液通过机械搅拌共混，挥发溶剂成膜，制备出一系列不同粒径、不同聚合物、不同Q-CdS含量的Q-CdS／聚合物纳米复合膜，通过透射电子显微镜对其形态进行了表征，发现Q-CdS与聚合物想互作用，有效阻止了Q-CdS粒子间的团聚，通过紫外可见吸收光谱的研究，发现这些纳米复合膜具有明显的量子尺寸效应。
3．研究了不同粒径、不同Q-CdS含量的Q-CdS／聚合物纳米复合膜的荧光光谱性质，并且对不同聚合物基体的Q-CdS／聚合物纳米复合膜荧光光谱性质进行了比较。发现不同粒径的Q-CdS／聚合物纳米复合膜具有明显的荧光量子尺寸效应，并且这种以聚合物为基体的纳米复合膜，由于聚合物与Q-CdS之间的相互作用，表现出与单一相组分完全不同的特征荧光发射峰，而Q-CdS的含量对Q-CdS／聚合物纳米复合膜的荧光发光强度具有重要的影响。
4．将导电聚苯胺和Q-CdS溶液采用共混法复合，通过紫外可见光谱表征，电导率测定以及荧光光谱性能测定，发现Q-CdS／聚苯胺因Q-CdS特殊的纳米结构和聚苯胺的掺杂特性，表现出特殊的导电性和荧光发光性能。
In this thesis, the studies on the synthesis, analysis means, the properties and applications of CdS/polymer nanocomposite films have been reviewed in detail. A series of Q-CdS/polymer nanocomposite films with different polymer materials, different sizes or different content of Q-CdS were prepared and their morphological structure and sizes were observed in TEM images. Photoelectronic properties of these nanocomposites were studied by UV-vis spectra, fluorescent spectra and conductivity measurement, etc.
1. Several kinds of Q-CdS nanoparticles with different sizes were prepared by changing the content of H2S, the radio of the reactants and the times of size-selective precipitation. In addition, Q-CdS nanoparticles with narrow disperse were obtained by changing the type and volume of precipitating agent and times of precipitation, etc. The effect of surface modification of Q-CdS was studied by changing carbon chain and content of mercaptan and environment of synthesis. The results showed that the intensities of the samples would increase more greatly than that of the un-modified in fluorescence spectra and two kind of fluorescence with different color would be observed.
2. Some kinds of Q-CdS/polymer nanocomposite films were successfully prepared by mixing Q-CdS with polymer under different conditions such as particle sizes, the ratio of the Q-CdS/polymer and the kind of polymer matrix, etc. Their morphological structures were observed in TEM image. The results indicate that the strong interaction between Q-CdS particles and polymers had the obvious effect on preventing the particles from aggregating. At the same time, the size quantization effect was observed on their UV-vis spectra.
3. Size quantization effect was also observed on fluorescent spectra of different sizes Q-CdS/polymer nanocomposite films. Compared to Q-CdS nanoparticles or single matrix, these nanocomposite films have the capability to show special fluorescent properties due to the strong interaction between them and the intensity
would change with the content of the Q-CdS nanoparticle.
4. A series of Q-CdS/PANi nanaocomposite solution were successfully prepared by mixing Q-CdS with PANi and characterized by UV-spectra, fluorescent spectra and conductivity measurement etc. The special fluorescent and conductive properties can be observed due to the nanostructure of Q-CdS and the ability of intermingle for
PANi.
1．通过改变硫化氢的加入量，反应中硫醇与镉离子的比例含量以及分步沉降的次数制备出几种不同粒径的Q-CdS。通过讨论分步沉降过程中沉降剂的类型、用量以及沉降次数等因素分离出单分散性的Q-CdS。通过改变硫醇的碳链和加入量，对比有氧无氧合成环境的影响，研究了Q-CdS的表面修饰效应，结果表明这种表面经过修饰的Q-CdS荧光强度明显增大，并且可以发出两种不同颜色的荧光。
2．将制备好的Q-CdS溶液与聚合物溶液通过机械搅拌共混，挥发溶剂成膜，制备出一系列不同粒径、不同聚合物、不同Q-CdS含量的Q-CdS／聚合物纳米复合膜，通过透射电子显微镜对其形态进行了表征，发现Q-CdS与聚合物想互作用，有效阻止了Q-CdS粒子间的团聚，通过紫外可见吸收光谱的研究，发现这些纳米复合膜具有明显的量子尺寸效应。
3．研究了不同粒径、不同Q-CdS含量的Q-CdS／聚合物纳米复合膜的荧光光谱性质，并且对不同聚合物基体的Q-CdS／聚合物纳米复合膜荧光光谱性质进行了比较。发现不同粒径的Q-CdS／聚合物纳米复合膜具有明显的荧光量子尺寸效应，并且这种以聚合物为基体的纳米复合膜，由于聚合物与Q-CdS之间的相互作用，表现出与单一相组分完全不同的特征荧光发射峰，而Q-CdS的含量对Q-CdS／聚合物纳米复合膜的荧光发光强度具有重要的影响。
4．将导电聚苯胺和Q-CdS溶液采用共混法复合，通过紫外可见光谱表征，电导率测定以及荧光光谱性能测定，发现Q-CdS／聚苯胺因Q-CdS特殊的纳米结构和聚苯胺的掺杂特性，表现出特殊的导电性和荧光发光性能。
In this thesis, the studies on the synthesis, analysis means, the properties and applications of CdS/polymer nanocomposite films have been reviewed in detail. A series of Q-CdS/polymer nanocomposite films with different polymer materials, different sizes or different content of Q-CdS were prepared and their morphological structure and sizes were observed in TEM images. Photoelectronic properties of these nanocomposites were studied by UV-vis spectra, fluorescent spectra and conductivity measurement, etc.
1. Several kinds of Q-CdS nanoparticles with different sizes were prepared by changing the content of H2S, the radio of the reactants and the times of size-selective precipitation. In addition, Q-CdS nanoparticles with narrow disperse were obtained by changing the type and volume of precipitating agent and times of precipitation, etc. The effect of surface modification of Q-CdS was studied by changing carbon chain and content of mercaptan and environment of synthesis. The results showed that the intensities of the samples would increase more greatly than that of the un-modified in fluorescence spectra and two kind of fluorescence with different color would be observed.
2. Some kinds of Q-CdS/polymer nanocomposite films were successfully prepared by mixing Q-CdS with polymer under different conditions such as particle sizes, the ratio of the Q-CdS/polymer and the kind of polymer matrix, etc. Their morphological structures were observed in TEM image. The results indicate that the strong interaction between Q-CdS particles and polymers had the obvious effect on preventing the particles from aggregating. At the same time, the size quantization effect was observed on their UV-vis spectra.
3. Size quantization effect was also observed on fluorescent spectra of different sizes Q-CdS/polymer nanocomposite films. Compared to Q-CdS nanoparticles or single matrix, these nanocomposite films have the capability to show special fluorescent properties due to the strong interaction between them and the intensity
would change with the content of the Q-CdS nanoparticle.
4. A series of Q-CdS/PANi nanaocomposite solution were successfully prepared by mixing Q-CdS with PANi and characterized by UV-spectra, fluorescent spectra and conductivity measurement etc. The special fluorescent and conductive properties can be observed due to the nanostructure of Q-CdS and the ability of intermingle for
PANi.
引文
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