浑善达克沙地土壤种子库结构与动态特征研究
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摘要
本试验选择内蒙古锡林郭勒盟正蓝旗境内的浑善达克沙地为研究对象,通过野外调查取样与室内萌发试验相结合的方法,于2004年7月至2008年9月对该地区固定沙丘、半固定沙丘、流动沙丘和平沙地4个样地的土壤种子库的构成、物种多样性、时空分布特征及与地上植被和种苗的关系进行分析研究,以期为退化沙地草地植被的保护和恢复提供重要的理论依据。研究结果表明:
1样地内地上植物主要以灌木、半灌木与多年生植物种为主。固定沙丘地上总的物种数最多,平沙地地上总的物种数最少。
2各样地土壤种子库种子以一、二年生草本植物为主。固定沙丘土壤种子库含量最大,流动沙丘的最小。
3平沙地与其它3个样地的土壤种子库的物种多样性指数、均匀度指数和生态优势度的差异显著。固定沙丘、半固定沙丘和流动沙丘的土壤种子库中植物种类间的相似性系数都比较大。
4土壤种子库水平分布不均匀。垂直方向上固定沙丘、半固定沙丘与平沙地土壤种子库含量随深度的增加而越来越少;流动沙丘随深度不同差异显著。
5固定沙丘、半固定沙丘与平沙地土壤种子库与地上植被具有明显的相似性,流动沙丘没有明显的相似性。
6各样地的土壤种子库与种苗都有明显的相似性。
In the Hunshandake sandy land in Zhenglan Banner of Xilinguole, Inner Mongolia, four types of sand dunes such as fixed dune, semi-fixed dune, moving dune and flat dune were choosen to set up research sites. Using the methods of sampling and germinating, the plant composition, species diversity, temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of soil seed bank and the similarity of soil seed bank and seeding,above-ground plants under different types sand dunes were studied from April 2004 to September 2008,it would be offer important basis for protecting the Hunshandake sandy land the results were as follows:
1. The major species of above ground vegetation were shrubs, semi-shrubs and perennial herbs. Plants in fixed dunes was the most, the least in flat dunes.
2. The major species of soil seed bank were annual-biennial herbs. Soil seed bank density in fixed dune was greatest, the least in moving dunes.
3. The shannon-Wiener index, ecological dominance and evenness index of soil seed banks in flat dunes was more different than others. The similarity of soil seed banks in fixed dune, semi-fixed dunes and moving dunes were bigger.
4. The horizontal distribution of the soil seed bank had the characteristics of uneven state. The density of soil seed bank decreased sharply in fixed dunes, semi-fixed dunes and flat dunes with the deepening of layer thickness; there was no significant difference between layers in moving dunes.
5. There were obvious similarities between soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation in fixed dunes, semi-fixed dunes and flat dunes, but there was no obvious similarity in moving dunes.
6. The composition of the seed bank and the seedling had proved great correlated in each sand dune.
1样地内地上植物主要以灌木、半灌木与多年生植物种为主。固定沙丘地上总的物种数最多,平沙地地上总的物种数最少。
2各样地土壤种子库种子以一、二年生草本植物为主。固定沙丘土壤种子库含量最大,流动沙丘的最小。
3平沙地与其它3个样地的土壤种子库的物种多样性指数、均匀度指数和生态优势度的差异显著。固定沙丘、半固定沙丘和流动沙丘的土壤种子库中植物种类间的相似性系数都比较大。
4土壤种子库水平分布不均匀。垂直方向上固定沙丘、半固定沙丘与平沙地土壤种子库含量随深度的增加而越来越少;流动沙丘随深度不同差异显著。
5固定沙丘、半固定沙丘与平沙地土壤种子库与地上植被具有明显的相似性,流动沙丘没有明显的相似性。
6各样地的土壤种子库与种苗都有明显的相似性。
In the Hunshandake sandy land in Zhenglan Banner of Xilinguole, Inner Mongolia, four types of sand dunes such as fixed dune, semi-fixed dune, moving dune and flat dune were choosen to set up research sites. Using the methods of sampling and germinating, the plant composition, species diversity, temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of soil seed bank and the similarity of soil seed bank and seeding,above-ground plants under different types sand dunes were studied from April 2004 to September 2008,it would be offer important basis for protecting the Hunshandake sandy land the results were as follows:
1. The major species of above ground vegetation were shrubs, semi-shrubs and perennial herbs. Plants in fixed dunes was the most, the least in flat dunes.
2. The major species of soil seed bank were annual-biennial herbs. Soil seed bank density in fixed dune was greatest, the least in moving dunes.
3. The shannon-Wiener index, ecological dominance and evenness index of soil seed banks in flat dunes was more different than others. The similarity of soil seed banks in fixed dune, semi-fixed dunes and moving dunes were bigger.
4. The horizontal distribution of the soil seed bank had the characteristics of uneven state. The density of soil seed bank decreased sharply in fixed dunes, semi-fixed dunes and flat dunes with the deepening of layer thickness; there was no significant difference between layers in moving dunes.
5. There were obvious similarities between soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation in fixed dunes, semi-fixed dunes and flat dunes, but there was no obvious similarity in moving dunes.
6. The composition of the seed bank and the seedling had proved great correlated in each sand dune.
引文
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