车排子凸起排601井区沙湾组储层预测研究
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摘要
车排子凸起位于准噶尔盆地西北缘,构造上属于准噶尔盆地西部隆起的次一级构造单元,其西邻扎伊尔山,东面以红车断裂带为界,南面为四棵树凹陷及伊林黑比尔根山,北面与克夏断褶带相接。车排子凸起为一东南倾、西北抬的单斜坡,自海西期经历几次震荡性沉降,构造演化十分复杂。特殊的构造运动和沉积演化使车排子凸起发育大量岩性、地层油气藏。新近系沙湾组为本次研究主要目的层位,与上覆塔西河组呈剥蚀不整合接触,与下伏白垩系呈超覆不整合接触。沙湾组底部条带状砂岩沿车排子凸起上倾方向超覆于白垩系不整合面以上,同时被上覆泥岩隔层遮挡,形成地层超覆油气藏。
储层预测技术是油气藏勘探开发的核心技术,它以地震数据为基础,结合测井、录井、钻井取心等资料,采用精细构造解释、地震属性分析、频谱分解、地震反演等技术,研究储层的岩性、岩相、物性等特征参数分布,进而预测有利区。储层预测研究直接影响油田的勘探开发决策和井位部署工作。由于本区开发井网密度小,三维地震资料品质较差,部分井区目的层遭受严重剥蚀,沉积模式认识不清,砂体单层厚度薄且横向变化快,给有利区预测工作带来很大的困难和挑战,因此亟待开展储层预测研究。
本次研究以三维地震资料为基础,综合利用测井、钻井和岩心分析资料,以地震沉积学、地球物理学、储层沉积学、层序地层学等理论为指导,结合前人的研究成果,首先开展地震层序地层研究,采用精细合成地震记录、多井综合标定、时频分析等技术研究排601井区沙湾组层序地层特征;然后以相控理论为指导,利用地震属性分析技术、地层切片技术、属性优化聚类分析技术等,进行有利储集相带的划分;最后采用测井约束波阻抗反演、多属性地震反演等技术,研究沙湾组的储层岩性、物性等平面展布特征,深入剖析沉积体内幕特征,预测有利区带分布,取得了较好的应用效果。
(1)、以地震地层学、层序地层学等理论为指导,开展地震层序地层研究,识别沙湾组顶底不整合面和内部地震反射特征,沙湾组底界不整合面是研究区重要的油气运移通道,是车排子地区油气成藏的主控因素之一。采用精细合成地震记录、多井综合标定、时频分析等技术,井震结合,追踪识别排601井区沙湾组内部各砂组的顶底界面,研究沙湾组层序地层特征。利用三维可视化、时间切片、连井任意线等技术开展地震精细解释工作。
(2)、以相控理论为指导,结合储层岩石物理特征分析和单井相研究成果,利用地震属性分析技术、地层切片技术、分频属性提取、属性优化聚类分析技术等,进行有利储集相带的划分。排601井区沙湾组储层砂体厚度等参数与均方根振幅属性相关性较好,特别是沙湾组一段含油砂体具有较明显的“类亮点”特征。但部分井油水层识别困难,难以区分。通过提取多种属性和优化组合聚类分析技术,细致刻画储集相带的分布特征。
(3)、采用测井约束波阻抗反演技术、多属性非线性神经网络地震反演等技术,研究车排子凸起排601井区沙湾组的储层岩性、物性等平面展布特征,深入剖析沉积体内幕特征,预测有利区分布。通过测井资料预处理和精细储层标定工作,卡准沙湾组各砂组目的层位,建立合理的地质模型,进行测井约束反演;结合波阻抗反演数据体,利用PNN非线性神经网络多属性地震反演,预测储层参数特征分布,相关系数达0.82,取得较好的效果。
该研究成果在车排子凸起排601井区地层油气藏勘探开发中得到推广应用,较好地指导了这些地区的勘探开发,通过与已知钻井对比,储层预测的成功率大于70%,取得了显著的地质效果和经济效益,证实了该项研究具有一定的指导意义。
Chepaizi uplift lies in the northwest of Junggar basin, which belongs to the secondary tectonic unit of West Junggar upthrust, where is close to the Zhayer mountain in the west and takes Hongche fault Belts as east boundary, while the south boundary is Sikeshu sag and Yilinheiergen mountain and with Kexia fault-folding zone in the north. Chepaizi uplift is a single slope with southeast inclination, and has gone through several subsidence repeatedly during Haixi periods with quite complex tectonic development. There are lots of oil-gas reservoir in Chepaizi area for the reason of special structures and sediments. The Shawan Formation of Neocene is the target formation in this research, which has erosion-unconformity contract with the upper Taxihe Formation and overlap-uncomformity contract with the underlie Cretaceous Formation. The banded sandbody of Shawan Formation overlap with the unconformity surface in northwest direction, and so as to form the formation-overlap reservoir by the shading of upper mud zones.
Reservoir prediction is the key technology in the exploration of oil-gas reservoir, which is based on the seismic data and combined with the logging data, utilizing the precise tectonic interpretation, seismic attribute analysis, sub-frequency and seismic inversion to study the distribution of reservoir parameters, lithology and other properties and so as to predict the favorable areas. Reservoir prediction has quite important influence on the exploration and well-drilling plan of the oilfield. For the reason of low density of wellnet, low quality of 3D seismic data, bearing erosion with target formation, confusion of sedimentary models and horizontal anisotropy of sandbody, the prediction for the favorable area is quite difficult and it is necessary to carry out the reservoir prediction research.
Based on the 3D seismic data and well logging data, taking the theory of Seismic Sedimentary, Geophysics, Reservoir Sedimentary, Sequence Stratigraphy as the guide, and combined the results of predecessors, firstly carry out the seismic sequence stratigraphy research, study the characteristic of sequence stratigraphy in Shawan Formation of Pai601 area by using the techniques of precise synthetic seismogram, comprehensive demarcate with multi-well, time-frequency analysis. Secondly, guided by the theory of sedimentary facies-controlled, divide the favorable facies zone with the techniques of seismic attributes analysis, formation slice and attributes optimization. Finally, study the lithology and characteristic parameters of the reservoir and inner character of sediments to predict the target zones by using the seismic inversion with well constraint and multi-attribute non-linear seismic inversion, and gets quite good application results.
(1) Guided by the theory of seismic stratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy, identify the unconformity surface of target formation and the seismic refection characters, while the unconformity surface of bottom Shawan Formation is the significant channel for transporting oil and gas and has key influence on the formation of oil-gas reservoir. By using the techniques of precise synthetic seismogram, comprehensive demarcate with multi-well, time-frequency analysis to study the sequence stratigraphy characteristic of inner sand formation and utilizing the 3D visualization, time slice and arbitrary lines to the precise interpretation.
(2) Based on the facies-controlled theory, combined the analysis results of petrophysics characteristic and single well, divide the favorable reservoir zones by using the techniques of seismic attributes analysis, formation slice and attributes optimization and classification. The RMS amplitude has quite good relationship with the thickness of sandbody, especially for the oil-bearing sand in first member of Shawan Formation with the characters of“lightspot”. However some parts of wells have difficulty in distinguishing the sand bearing with water or oil. By the precise study of multi-attribute extraction and classification, to describe the favorable reservoir zones in the target area.
(3) Study the lithology and characteristic parameters of the reservoir and inner character of sediments to predict the target zones by using the seismic inversion with well constraint and multi-attribute non-linear seismic inversion. Build the reasonable geology modeling by well logging standardization and precise demarcation to carry out seismic inversion, and takes the impedance data into multi-attribute PNN inversion with good correlation, which the coefficient is 0.82.
This study results has been applied to various lithological reservoir exploration in Chepaizi area, and have given great guidance to the exploration. Contrasting with the known drilling wells, and the success rate of prediction is greater than 70%. This study results have got obvious geological effects and economic benefits so as to verify the instructive significance of the research.
储层预测技术是油气藏勘探开发的核心技术,它以地震数据为基础,结合测井、录井、钻井取心等资料,采用精细构造解释、地震属性分析、频谱分解、地震反演等技术,研究储层的岩性、岩相、物性等特征参数分布,进而预测有利区。储层预测研究直接影响油田的勘探开发决策和井位部署工作。由于本区开发井网密度小,三维地震资料品质较差,部分井区目的层遭受严重剥蚀,沉积模式认识不清,砂体单层厚度薄且横向变化快,给有利区预测工作带来很大的困难和挑战,因此亟待开展储层预测研究。
本次研究以三维地震资料为基础,综合利用测井、钻井和岩心分析资料,以地震沉积学、地球物理学、储层沉积学、层序地层学等理论为指导,结合前人的研究成果,首先开展地震层序地层研究,采用精细合成地震记录、多井综合标定、时频分析等技术研究排601井区沙湾组层序地层特征;然后以相控理论为指导,利用地震属性分析技术、地层切片技术、属性优化聚类分析技术等,进行有利储集相带的划分;最后采用测井约束波阻抗反演、多属性地震反演等技术,研究沙湾组的储层岩性、物性等平面展布特征,深入剖析沉积体内幕特征,预测有利区带分布,取得了较好的应用效果。
(1)、以地震地层学、层序地层学等理论为指导,开展地震层序地层研究,识别沙湾组顶底不整合面和内部地震反射特征,沙湾组底界不整合面是研究区重要的油气运移通道,是车排子地区油气成藏的主控因素之一。采用精细合成地震记录、多井综合标定、时频分析等技术,井震结合,追踪识别排601井区沙湾组内部各砂组的顶底界面,研究沙湾组层序地层特征。利用三维可视化、时间切片、连井任意线等技术开展地震精细解释工作。
(2)、以相控理论为指导,结合储层岩石物理特征分析和单井相研究成果,利用地震属性分析技术、地层切片技术、分频属性提取、属性优化聚类分析技术等,进行有利储集相带的划分。排601井区沙湾组储层砂体厚度等参数与均方根振幅属性相关性较好,特别是沙湾组一段含油砂体具有较明显的“类亮点”特征。但部分井油水层识别困难,难以区分。通过提取多种属性和优化组合聚类分析技术,细致刻画储集相带的分布特征。
(3)、采用测井约束波阻抗反演技术、多属性非线性神经网络地震反演等技术,研究车排子凸起排601井区沙湾组的储层岩性、物性等平面展布特征,深入剖析沉积体内幕特征,预测有利区分布。通过测井资料预处理和精细储层标定工作,卡准沙湾组各砂组目的层位,建立合理的地质模型,进行测井约束反演;结合波阻抗反演数据体,利用PNN非线性神经网络多属性地震反演,预测储层参数特征分布,相关系数达0.82,取得较好的效果。
该研究成果在车排子凸起排601井区地层油气藏勘探开发中得到推广应用,较好地指导了这些地区的勘探开发,通过与已知钻井对比,储层预测的成功率大于70%,取得了显著的地质效果和经济效益,证实了该项研究具有一定的指导意义。
Chepaizi uplift lies in the northwest of Junggar basin, which belongs to the secondary tectonic unit of West Junggar upthrust, where is close to the Zhayer mountain in the west and takes Hongche fault Belts as east boundary, while the south boundary is Sikeshu sag and Yilinheiergen mountain and with Kexia fault-folding zone in the north. Chepaizi uplift is a single slope with southeast inclination, and has gone through several subsidence repeatedly during Haixi periods with quite complex tectonic development. There are lots of oil-gas reservoir in Chepaizi area for the reason of special structures and sediments. The Shawan Formation of Neocene is the target formation in this research, which has erosion-unconformity contract with the upper Taxihe Formation and overlap-uncomformity contract with the underlie Cretaceous Formation. The banded sandbody of Shawan Formation overlap with the unconformity surface in northwest direction, and so as to form the formation-overlap reservoir by the shading of upper mud zones.
Reservoir prediction is the key technology in the exploration of oil-gas reservoir, which is based on the seismic data and combined with the logging data, utilizing the precise tectonic interpretation, seismic attribute analysis, sub-frequency and seismic inversion to study the distribution of reservoir parameters, lithology and other properties and so as to predict the favorable areas. Reservoir prediction has quite important influence on the exploration and well-drilling plan of the oilfield. For the reason of low density of wellnet, low quality of 3D seismic data, bearing erosion with target formation, confusion of sedimentary models and horizontal anisotropy of sandbody, the prediction for the favorable area is quite difficult and it is necessary to carry out the reservoir prediction research.
Based on the 3D seismic data and well logging data, taking the theory of Seismic Sedimentary, Geophysics, Reservoir Sedimentary, Sequence Stratigraphy as the guide, and combined the results of predecessors, firstly carry out the seismic sequence stratigraphy research, study the characteristic of sequence stratigraphy in Shawan Formation of Pai601 area by using the techniques of precise synthetic seismogram, comprehensive demarcate with multi-well, time-frequency analysis. Secondly, guided by the theory of sedimentary facies-controlled, divide the favorable facies zone with the techniques of seismic attributes analysis, formation slice and attributes optimization. Finally, study the lithology and characteristic parameters of the reservoir and inner character of sediments to predict the target zones by using the seismic inversion with well constraint and multi-attribute non-linear seismic inversion, and gets quite good application results.
(1) Guided by the theory of seismic stratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy, identify the unconformity surface of target formation and the seismic refection characters, while the unconformity surface of bottom Shawan Formation is the significant channel for transporting oil and gas and has key influence on the formation of oil-gas reservoir. By using the techniques of precise synthetic seismogram, comprehensive demarcate with multi-well, time-frequency analysis to study the sequence stratigraphy characteristic of inner sand formation and utilizing the 3D visualization, time slice and arbitrary lines to the precise interpretation.
(2) Based on the facies-controlled theory, combined the analysis results of petrophysics characteristic and single well, divide the favorable reservoir zones by using the techniques of seismic attributes analysis, formation slice and attributes optimization and classification. The RMS amplitude has quite good relationship with the thickness of sandbody, especially for the oil-bearing sand in first member of Shawan Formation with the characters of“lightspot”. However some parts of wells have difficulty in distinguishing the sand bearing with water or oil. By the precise study of multi-attribute extraction and classification, to describe the favorable reservoir zones in the target area.
(3) Study the lithology and characteristic parameters of the reservoir and inner character of sediments to predict the target zones by using the seismic inversion with well constraint and multi-attribute non-linear seismic inversion. Build the reasonable geology modeling by well logging standardization and precise demarcation to carry out seismic inversion, and takes the impedance data into multi-attribute PNN inversion with good correlation, which the coefficient is 0.82.
This study results has been applied to various lithological reservoir exploration in Chepaizi area, and have given great guidance to the exploration. Contrasting with the known drilling wells, and the success rate of prediction is greater than 70%. This study results have got obvious geological effects and economic benefits so as to verify the instructive significance of the research.
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