车排子凸起春光区块沙二段1砂组岩性圈闭预测
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摘要
车排子凸起春光区块位于准噶尔盆地西部隆起区东部,凸起长期继承性隆升,是油气良好的运移指向区,且地层埋藏浅,地质历史过程中也不曾深埋,具有十分优越的油气地质条件。春光区块为向北抬升的平缓单斜构造,圈闭类型主要为岩性、不整合等隐蔽圈闭,因此隐蔽油气藏的勘探在该区显得非常重要。在勘探早期,排2、排8和排206井取得了较大突破,但后期部署的探井相继落空,主要原因是研究区圈闭不落实及成藏地质条件认识不清。
针对上述问题,本论文以层序地层学、地震地层学、沉积学和构造地质学理论为指导,以春光区块沙二段1砂组为研究对象,综合利用测井和地震资料,在前人研究基础上,结合研究区沉积环境和沉积相特征,主要依据波形分析原理在等时层序地层格架内识别含砂反射层,确定骨架砂体的平面分布,并综合油气输导条件分析,对有利圈闭进行预测。论文主要取得以下进展和认识:
1)初步形成了一套利用波形分析方法,由岩相-地震相-岩相的砂体地震识别技术,研究区的应用条件为砂地比小于0.5;
2)沙二段同深度下砂岩速度小于泥岩速度,存在波阻抗差异,在地震剖面上产生明显或较明显的负反射,负极性显示剖面上,波形特征为右下倾斜对称波形(波谷-波峰);
3)沙二段骨架砂体平面上沿湖岸线呈北东-南西向带状展布,砂体主要集中发育于研究区春7-春6-排206-排2-30井一线以南,为开阔的滨浅湖滩坝沉积,是有利的油气储集体;
4)新近系沙湾组主要发育一系列带有走滑剪切性质的正断层,断层走向主要为北西西、北西-南东向,是油气运移的良好通道;
5)落实岩性圈闭13个,预测有利勘探目标3个,面积约1.6km2,不足之处,圈闭面积偏小。
Chunguang block of Chepaizi uplift is located in Zhunger Basin. Because of the continuing uplift over a long period of time, it is favorable for oil accumulation, and the sedimentary formation in this area are in low burial depth which were not buried too deep in the history of geologic evolution, so the area has a very favorable oil and gas geology condition. Chunguang block is a gently monocline structure uplifted northward, and the types of the traps mainly are lithologic trap and unconformity trap, so the exploration of subtle trap is more important in the block. In the early exploration of this area, it had obtained great breakthrough in the well of Pai2, Pai8 and Pai206, but the prospecting wells which were deployed later were all stepped out, the main reasons are that the traps are not so clearly located and the geologic condition of hydrocarbon accumulation is unclear.
To solve these problems, in this paper the author applies the sequence stratigraphy, seismic strarigraphy, sedimentology and structural geology as the theoretical guidance, and use the Ns_2-1 formation as the research object. On the basis of well log, seismic data and previous studies, and according to the technology of waveform analysis the reflection of sandstone in the framework of sequence stratigraphy is identified, the distribution of sandbody and sedimentary faces are confirmed. And then, based on the analysis of hydrocarbon migration pathway, the favorable traps are predicted. Main progress and understanding obtained are as follows:
1) A new method, which could be used to better identify sandstone, based on the method of waveform analysis, from lithofaces to seismic faces, then back to lithofaces, is preliminary formed, the condition is that the sandy ratio must be less than 0.5.
2) The velocity of sandstones is more lover than mudstones of Ns_2-1 formation, resulting in apparently seismic reflection, and the character of reflection is skew symmetric waveform (trough-crest).
3) The sandbody of Ns_2-1 formation distributes as band in the direction from northeast to southwest along the lake strandline. The sands which mainly distribute in the south of the connection of Chun7, Chun6, Pai206 and Pai2-30, are the beach bar sandstone of shore-shallow lake facies and favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation,
4) The Shawan formation of Neogene develops a series of strike-slip shear normal faults, and the strikes of the faults mainly are in the direction of NWW and northwestward to southeastward. They are the well migration path for hydrocarbon.
5) Find 13 lithologic traps, and predict 3 favorable exploration targets, and the area is 1.6km2, but the shortcoming is that the area of every target is a little small.
针对上述问题,本论文以层序地层学、地震地层学、沉积学和构造地质学理论为指导,以春光区块沙二段1砂组为研究对象,综合利用测井和地震资料,在前人研究基础上,结合研究区沉积环境和沉积相特征,主要依据波形分析原理在等时层序地层格架内识别含砂反射层,确定骨架砂体的平面分布,并综合油气输导条件分析,对有利圈闭进行预测。论文主要取得以下进展和认识:
1)初步形成了一套利用波形分析方法,由岩相-地震相-岩相的砂体地震识别技术,研究区的应用条件为砂地比小于0.5;
2)沙二段同深度下砂岩速度小于泥岩速度,存在波阻抗差异,在地震剖面上产生明显或较明显的负反射,负极性显示剖面上,波形特征为右下倾斜对称波形(波谷-波峰);
3)沙二段骨架砂体平面上沿湖岸线呈北东-南西向带状展布,砂体主要集中发育于研究区春7-春6-排206-排2-30井一线以南,为开阔的滨浅湖滩坝沉积,是有利的油气储集体;
4)新近系沙湾组主要发育一系列带有走滑剪切性质的正断层,断层走向主要为北西西、北西-南东向,是油气运移的良好通道;
5)落实岩性圈闭13个,预测有利勘探目标3个,面积约1.6km2,不足之处,圈闭面积偏小。
Chunguang block of Chepaizi uplift is located in Zhunger Basin. Because of the continuing uplift over a long period of time, it is favorable for oil accumulation, and the sedimentary formation in this area are in low burial depth which were not buried too deep in the history of geologic evolution, so the area has a very favorable oil and gas geology condition. Chunguang block is a gently monocline structure uplifted northward, and the types of the traps mainly are lithologic trap and unconformity trap, so the exploration of subtle trap is more important in the block. In the early exploration of this area, it had obtained great breakthrough in the well of Pai2, Pai8 and Pai206, but the prospecting wells which were deployed later were all stepped out, the main reasons are that the traps are not so clearly located and the geologic condition of hydrocarbon accumulation is unclear.
To solve these problems, in this paper the author applies the sequence stratigraphy, seismic strarigraphy, sedimentology and structural geology as the theoretical guidance, and use the Ns_2-1 formation as the research object. On the basis of well log, seismic data and previous studies, and according to the technology of waveform analysis the reflection of sandstone in the framework of sequence stratigraphy is identified, the distribution of sandbody and sedimentary faces are confirmed. And then, based on the analysis of hydrocarbon migration pathway, the favorable traps are predicted. Main progress and understanding obtained are as follows:
1) A new method, which could be used to better identify sandstone, based on the method of waveform analysis, from lithofaces to seismic faces, then back to lithofaces, is preliminary formed, the condition is that the sandy ratio must be less than 0.5.
2) The velocity of sandstones is more lover than mudstones of Ns_2-1 formation, resulting in apparently seismic reflection, and the character of reflection is skew symmetric waveform (trough-crest).
3) The sandbody of Ns_2-1 formation distributes as band in the direction from northeast to southwest along the lake strandline. The sands which mainly distribute in the south of the connection of Chun7, Chun6, Pai206 and Pai2-30, are the beach bar sandstone of shore-shallow lake facies and favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation,
4) The Shawan formation of Neogene develops a series of strike-slip shear normal faults, and the strikes of the faults mainly are in the direction of NWW and northwestward to southeastward. They are the well migration path for hydrocarbon.
5) Find 13 lithologic traps, and predict 3 favorable exploration targets, and the area is 1.6km2, but the shortcoming is that the area of every target is a little small.
引文
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[2] Halboty T M. Geology of Giant Petroleum fields. Oklahoma, 1970.
[3] Harding T P.Petroleum traps associated with wrench faults. AAPG. Bu11.1974.57:97-166.
[4] O. Catuneanu. Principles of Sequence Stratgraphy.北京:石油工业出版社.2009
[5] Reading H G. Sedimentary Environments: Processes, Facies and Stratigraphy, Blackwell Science,1996.688p.
[6] Taher Zouaghi, Mourad Bedir. 2D Seismic interpretation of strike-slip faulting, salt tectonics, and Cretaceous unconformities, Atlas Mountains, central Tunisia. Journal of African Earth Sciences.2005.43(4)464-486.
[7] Vail P R, Mithum R M, Todd R G et al. Seismic Stratigraphy and Global Changes on Sea Level in: Paytonc E, Ed Seismic Stratigraphy-Applications to Hydrocarbon Exploration[J]. AAPG Memoir,1977,26,49-212.
[8] Vail P R, Seismic Stratigraphy Interpretation Using Sequence Stratigraphy Part I: Seismic Stratigraphy Interpretation Procedure in Bally A W, Ed Atlas of Seismic Stratigraphy[J]. AAPG, Studies in Geology,1987,27,l-10.
[9] Vail P R,Audemard F,Bowman S A et al. The stratigraphic signatures to tectonics, eustasy and sedimentation: an overview[A]. In: Einsele,ed. Cycles and events in stratigraphy[C]. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag,1991.615-659.
[10]Van Wagoner J C, Mitchum R M, Campion K M et al. Siliciclastic Sequence Stratigraphy in Well, Cores and Outcrops: Concept for High Resolution Correlation of Time and Facies[J]. AAPG Methods in Exploration series,1990,(7):1-55.
[11]陈书平,漆家福,于福生等.准噶尔盆地南缘构造变形特征及其主控因素[J].地质学报,2007,81(2):151-157.
[12]陈轩,张尚峰,张昌民等.准噶尔盆地车排子地区新近系沙湾组层序地层[J].新疆石油地质,2008,1:25-27.
[13]陈业全,王伟锋.准噶尔盆地构造演化与油气成藏特征[J].石油大学学报.2004,28(3):4-8.
[14]党玉芳,尚春等.物探新技术在准葛尔盆地车排子地区浅层油气勘探中的应用[J].天然气工业,2007.
[15]杜金虎,易士威,王权.华北油田隐蔽油藏勘探实践与认识[J].中国石油勘探,2003,8(1):1-10.
[16]杜金虎,邹伟宏,易士威等.华北油田隐蔽油藏的勘探[J].2002,7(3):7-15.
[17]方世虎,郭召杰,贾承造等.准噶尔盆地南缘中-新生界沉积物重矿物分析与盆山格局演化[J].地质科学,2006,41(4):648-662.
[18]方世虎,郭召杰,吴朝东等.准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系碎屑成分特征及其对构造属性、盆山格局的指示意义[J].地质科学,2006,80(2):196-209.
[19]郝芳,邹华耀,方勇等.断-压双控流体流动与油气幕式快速成藏[J].石油学报,2004,24(6):38-43.
[20]何登发,翟光明,况军等.准噶尔盆地古隆起的分布与基本特征[J].地质科学,2005,40(2):248-261.
[21]洪太元,王离迟,孟闲龙等.准葛尔盆地西缘车排子地区油气成藏的主控因素[J].新疆地质,2007,25(4):389-393.
[22]胡见义,徐树宝,童晓光.中国东部陆相盆地地层岩性圈闭油气聚集区带的分布及勘探研究程序[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1984,3(1):6-21.
[23]胡宗全,朱筱敏,彭勇民.准噶尔盆地西北缘车排子地区侏罗系物源及古水流分析[J].古地理学报,2001,3(3):49-54.
[24]纪友亮,张世奇等.层序地层学原理及层序成因机制模式.北京:地质出版社,1998.
[25]贾承造,赵文智,邹才能等.岩性地层油气藏勘探研究的两项核心技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):3-9.
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